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Hasan ZW, Nguyen VT, Ashley NT. Effect of glucocorticoid blockade on inflammatory responses to acute sleep fragmentation in male mice. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17539. [PMID: 38952964 PMCID: PMC11216221 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between sleep and the immune-endocrine system is well recognized, but the nature of that relationship is not well understood. Sleep fragmentation induces a pro-inflammatory response in peripheral tissues and brain, but it also activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, releasing glucocorticoids (GCs) (cortisol in humans and corticosterone in mice). It is unclear whether this rapid release of glucocorticoids acts to potentiate or dampen the inflammatory response in the short term. The purpose of this study was to determine whether blocking or suppressing glucocorticoid activity will affect the inflammatory response from acute sleep fragmentation (ASF). Male C57BL/6J mice were injected i.p. with either 0.9% NaCl (vehicle 1), metyrapone (a glucocorticoid synthesis inhibitor, dissolved in vehicle 1), 2% ethanol in polyethylene glycol (vehicle 2), or mifepristone (a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, dissolved in vehicle 2) 10 min before the start of ASF or no sleep fragmentation (NSF). After 24 h, samples were collected from brain (prefrontal cortex, hypothalamus, hippocampus) and periphery (liver, spleen, heart, and epididymal white adipose tissue (EWAT)). Proinflammatory gene expression (TNF-α and IL-1β) was measured, followed by gene expression analysis. Metyrapone treatment affected pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression during ASF in some peripheral tissues, but not in the brain. More specifically, metyrapone treatment suppressed IL-1β expression in EWAT during ASF, which implies a pro-inflammatory effect of GCs. However, in cardiac tissue, metyrapone treatment increased TNF-α expression in ASF mice, suggesting an anti-inflammatory effect of GCs. Mifepristone treatment yielded more significant results than metyrapone, reducing TNF-α expression in liver (only NSF mice) and cardiac tissue during ASF, indicating a pro-inflammatory role. Conversely, in the spleen of ASF-mice, mifepristone increased pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β), demonstrating an anti-inflammatory role. Furthermore, irrespective of sleep fragmentation, mifepristone increased pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in heart (IL-1β), pre-frontal cortex (IL-1β), and hypothalamus (IL-1β). The results provide mixed evidence for pro- and anti-inflammatory functions of corticosterone to regulate inflammatory responses to acute sleep loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zim Warda Hasan
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, United States of America
| | - Van Thuan Nguyen
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, United States of America
| | - Noah T. Ashley
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, United States of America
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Yang H, Zhao Y, Chen Y, Yang T, Dou X, Li J, Yang G, Feng G, Fang H, Fan H, Zhang S. Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Acute Stress-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Attenuating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress via Inhibiting the P2X 7R/NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathway in Rats. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02065-8. [PMID: 38896231 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of Dexmedetomidine (DEX) against acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by acute stress (AS). Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Control, DEX, AS, AS + DEX, and AS + A438079. The results showed that AS led to AKI by increasing inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress-related indicators. The acute stress model in rats was successfully established. Renal function, histopathology, oxidative stress, and inflammation were assessed. Localization of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) was determined by immunofluorescence. Additionally, the key inflammatory proteins of the P2X7R/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway were measured by Western blotting. DEX significantly improved kidney function, alleviated kidney injury, and reduced oxidative stress and inflammation. DEX inhibited the activation of the P2X7R, decreased the expression of NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome, and Caspase-1, and inhibited the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Furthermore, DEX also alleviated AS-induced AKI by inhibiting the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reducing oxidative stress. In conclusion, DEX attenuates AS-induced AKI by mitigating inflammation and oxidative stress through the inhibition of the P2X7R/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Yang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Science Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Branch, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tianyuan Yang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyi Dou
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guiyan Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Davis Health, University of California, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Guofeng Feng
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Fang
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Honggang Fan
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
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Valenza M, Facchinetti R, Torazza C, Ciarla C, Bronzuoli MR, Balbi M, Bonanno G, Popoli M, Steardo L, Milanese M, Musazzi L, Bonifacino T, Scuderi C. Molecular signatures of astrocytes and microglia maladaptive responses to acute stress are rescued by a single administration of ketamine in a rodent model of PTSD. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:209. [PMID: 38796504 PMCID: PMC11127980 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02928-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress affects the brain and alters its neuroarchitecture and function; these changes can be severe and lead to psychiatric disorders. Recent evidence suggests that astrocytes and microglia play an essential role in the stress response by contributing to the maintenance of cerebral homeostasis. These cells respond rapidly to all stimuli that reach the brain, including stressors. Here, we used a recently validated rodent model of post-traumatic stress disorder in which rats can be categorized as resilient or vulnerable after acute inescapable footshock stress. We then investigated the functional, molecular, and morphological determinants of stress resilience and vulnerability in the prefrontal cortex, focusing on glial and neuronal cells. In addition, we examined the effects of a single subanesthetic dose of ketamine, a fast-acting antidepressant recently approved for the treatment of resistant depression and proposed for other stress-related psychiatric disorders. The present results suggest a prompt glial cell response and activation of the NF-κB pathway after acute stress, leading to an increase in specific cytokines such as IL-18 and TNF-α. This response persists in vulnerable individuals and is accompanied by a significant change in the levels of critical glial proteins such as S100B, CD11b, and CX43, brain trophic factors such as BDNF and FGF2, and proteins related to dendritic arborization and synaptic architecture such as MAP2 and PSD95. Administration of ketamine 24 h after the acute stress event rescued many of the changes observed in vulnerable rats, possibly contributing to support brain homeostasis. Overall, our results suggest that pivotal events, including reactive astrogliosis, changes in brain trophic factors, and neuronal damage are critical determinants of vulnerability to acute traumatic stress and confirm the therapeutic effect of acute ketamine against the development of stress-related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Valenza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Facchinetti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carola Torazza
- Department of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudia Ciarla
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosanna Bronzuoli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Matilde Balbi
- Department of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giambattista Bonanno
- Department of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Popoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Steardo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Milanese
- Department of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Musazzi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonifacino
- Department of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Caterina Scuderi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Mușat MI, Mitran SI, Udriștoiu I, Albu CV, Cătălin B. The impact of stress on the behavior of C57BL/6 mice with liver injury: a comparative study. Front Behav Neurosci 2024; 18:1358964. [PMID: 38510829 PMCID: PMC10950904 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1358964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Depressive-like behavior has been shown to be associated with liver damage. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of three different models of depression on the behavior of mice with liver injury. Methods During the 4 weeks of methionine/choline deficiency diet (MCD), adult C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: MCD (no stress protocol, n = 6), chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS, n = 9), acute and repeated forced swim stress [aFSS (n = 9) and rFSS (n = 9)]. Results All depression protocols induced increased anhedonia and anxiety-like behavior compared to baseline and had no impact on the severity of liver damage, according to ultrasonography. However, different protocols evoked different overall behavior patterns. After the depressive-like behavior induction protocols, animals subjected to aFSS did not exhibit anxiety-like behavior differences compared to MCD animals, while mice subjected to CUMS showed additional weight loss compared to FSS animals. All tested protocols for inducing depressive-like behavior decreased the short-term memory of mice with liver damage, as assessed by the novel object recognition test (NORT). Discussion Our results show that the use of all protocols seems to generate different levels of anxiety-like behavior, but only the depressive-like behavior induction procedures associate additional anhedonia and memory impairment in mice with liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mădălina Iuliana Mușat
- U.M.F. Doctoral School Craiova, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
- Experimental Research Centre for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Smaranda Ioana Mitran
- Experimental Research Centre for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Ion Udriștoiu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | - Carmen Valeria Albu
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | - Bogdan Cătălin
- Experimental Research Centre for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
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Yamanishi K, Hata M, Gamachi N, Watanabe Y, Yamanishi C, Okamura H, Matsunaga H. Molecular Mechanisms of IL18 in Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17170. [PMID: 38139000 PMCID: PMC10743479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 18 (IL18) was originally identified as an inflammation-induced cytokine that is secreted by immune cells. An increasing number of studies have focused on its non-immunological functions, with demonstrated functions for IL18 in energy homeostasis and neural stability. IL18 is reportedly required for lipid metabolism in the liver and brown adipose tissue. Furthermore, IL18 (Il18) deficiency in mice leads to mitochondrial dysfunction in hippocampal cells, resulting in depressive-like symptoms and cognitive impairment. Microarray analyses of Il18-/- mice have revealed a set of genes with differential expression in liver, brown adipose tissue, and brain; however, the impact of IL18 deficiency in these tissues remains uncertain. In this review article, we discuss these genes, with a focus on their relationships with the phenotypic disease traits of Il18-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Yamanishi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Psychoimmunology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masaki Hata
- Department of Psychoimmunology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Naomi Gamachi
- Department of Psychoimmunology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuko Watanabe
- Hirakata General Hospital for Developmental Disorders, Hirakata 573-0122, Osaka, Japan; (Y.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Chiaki Yamanishi
- Hirakata General Hospital for Developmental Disorders, Hirakata 573-0122, Osaka, Japan; (Y.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Haruki Okamura
- Department of Psychoimmunology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hisato Matsunaga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Psychoimmunology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
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Pinho AG, Monteiro A, Fernandes S, de Sousa N, Salgado AJ, Silva NA, Monteiro S. The Central Nervous System Source Modulates Microglia Function and Morphology In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097685. [PMID: 37175391 PMCID: PMC10177862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The regional heterogeneity of microglia was first described a century ago by Pio del Rio Hortega. Currently, new information on microglia heterogeneity throughout central nervous system (CNS) regions is being revealed by high-throughput techniques. It remains unclear whether these spatial specificities translate into different microglial behaviors in vitro. We cultured microglia isolated from the cortex and spinal cord and analyzed the effect of the CNS spatial source on behavior in vitro by applying the same experimental protocol and culture conditions. We analyzed the microglial cell numbers, function, and morphology and found a distinctive in vitro phenotype. We found that microglia were present in higher numbers in the spinal-cord-derived glial cultures, presenting different expressions of inflammatory genes and a lower phagocytosis rate under basal conditions or after activation with LPS and IFN-γ. Morphologically, the cortical microglial cells were more complex and presented longer ramifications, which were also observed in vivo in CX3CR1+/GFP transgenic reporter mice. Collectively, our data demonstrated that microglial behavior in vitro is defined according to specific spatial characteristics acquired by the tissue. Thus, our study highlights the importance of microglia as a source of CNS for in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia G Pinho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Andreia Monteiro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Sara Fernandes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Nídia de Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - António J Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuno A Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Susana Monteiro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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