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Zhou H, Deng N, Li Y, Hu X, Yu X, Jia S, Zheng C, Gao S, Wu H, Li K. Distinctive tumorigenic significance and innovative oncology targets of SUMOylation. Theranostics 2024; 14:3127-3149. [PMID: 38855173 PMCID: PMC11155398 DOI: 10.7150/thno.97162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein SUMOylation, a post-translational modification, intricately regulates diverse biological processes including gene expression, cell cycle progression, signaling pathway transduction, DNA damage response, and RNA metabolism. This modification contributes to the acquisition of tumorigenicity and the maintenance of cancer hallmarks. In malignancies, protein SUMOylation is triggered by various cellular stresses, promoting tumor initiation and progression. This augmentation is orchestrated through its specific regulatory mechanisms and characteristic biological functions. This review focuses on elucidating the fundamental regulatory mechanisms and pathological functions of the SUMO pathway in tumor pathogenesis and malignant evolution, with particular emphasis on the tumorigenic potential of SUMOylation. Furthermore, we underscore the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting the SUMO pathway, paving the way for innovative anti-tumor strategies by perturbing this dynamic and reversible modifying process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Epidemiology of Gastric Cancer in the Universities of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Na Deng
- Department of Hematology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Yanshu Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the PRC and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the PRC, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Xiaoyun Hu
- Scientific Experimental Center, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Xue Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Epidemiology of Gastric Cancer in the Universities of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Shiheng Jia
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Epidemiology of Gastric Cancer in the Universities of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Epidemiology of Gastric Cancer in the Universities of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Huizhe Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation; Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education; China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
- Shenyang Kangwei Medical Laboratory Analysis Co. LTD, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Epidemiology of Gastric Cancer in the Universities of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
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Zhou Q, Liu X, Neri D, Li W, Favalli N, Bassi G, Yang S, Yang D, Vogt PK, Wang MW. Structural insights into the interaction of three Y-shaped ligands with PI3Kα. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2304071120. [PMID: 37585458 PMCID: PMC10450665 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2304071120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha (PI3Kα) is an important drug target because it is one of the most frequently mutated proteins in human cancers. However, small molecule inhibitors currently on the market or under development have safety concerns due to a lack of selectivity. Therefore, other chemical scaffolds or unique mechanisms of catalytic kinase inhibition are needed. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy structures of wild-type PI3Kα, the dimer of p110α and p85α, in complex with three Y-shaped ligands [cpd16 (compound 16), cpd17 (compound 17), and cpd18 (compound 18)] of different affinities and no inhibitory effect on the kinase activity. Unlike ATP-competitive inhibitors, cpd17 adopts a Y-shaped conformation with one arm inserted into a binding pocket formed by R770 and W780 and the other arm lodged in the ATP-binding pocket at an angle that is different from that of the ATP phosphate tail. Such a special interaction induces a conformation of PI3Kα resembling that of the unliganded protein. These observations were confirmed with two isomers (cpd16 and cpd18). Further analysis of these Y-shaped ligands revealed the structural basis of differential binding affinities caused by stereo- or regiochemical modifications. Our results may offer a different direction toward the design of therapeutic agents against PI3Kα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Dario Neri
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich), Zurich8093, Switzerland
| | - Wenxin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Nicholas Favalli
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich), Zurich8093, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Bassi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich), Zurich8093, Switzerland
| | - Su Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Dehua Yang
- The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Peter K. Vogt
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Ming-Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
- Research Center for Deepsea Bioresources, Sanya572025, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-0033, Japan
- School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical College, Haikou570228, China
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Nanobodies and chemical cross-links advance the structural and functional analysis of PI3Kα. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2210769119. [PMID: 36095215 PMCID: PMC9499577 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2210769119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanobodies and chemical cross-linking were used to gain information on the identity and positions of flexible domains of PI3Kα. The application of chemical cross-linking mass spectrometry (CXMS) facilitated the identification of the p85 domains BH, cSH2, and SH3 as well as their docking positions on the PI3Kα catalytic core. Binding of individual nanobodies to PI3Kα induced activation or inhibition of enzyme activity and caused conformational changes that could be correlated with enzyme function. Binding of nanobody Nb3-126 to the BH domain of p85α substantially improved resolution for parts of the PI3Kα complex, and binding of nanobody Nb3-159 induced a conformation of PI3Kα that is distinct from known PI3Kα structures. The analysis of CXMS data also provided mechanistic insights into the molecular underpinning of the flexibility of PI3Kα.
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