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Timme M, Smit C, Robinson L, Bernitz H, Guo YC, Schmeling A. The relevance of taurodontism in forensic dental age estimation. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2024; 70:102462. [PMID: 38810559 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Taurodontism is a dental morphological anomaly characterized by enlarged pulp cavities repositioned towards the apical region of the tooth, coupled with shortened root structures. Molars are commonly affected by this alteration. Certain populations exhibit up to 48% prevalences for this dental alteration, underscoring its significance in dental age estimation (DAE). In the field of DAE, an individual's chronological age is inferred from specific dental features, frequently employed within the forensic context. The effect of taurodontism on the features of DAE is an unanswered issue. The influence of taurodontism on eruption, mineralization, radiographic visibility of root canals, and radiographic visibility of the periodontal ligament space in mandibular third molars- some of the established criteria for DAE as examples-is currently not systematically examined. Some common staging scales for the dental features of DAE cannot technically be applied to taurodontic teeth. Additionally, given the association of taurodontism with syndromes affecting tooth development, caution is warranted in age assessment procedures. Notably, taurodontic teeth may serve as indicators of syndromes influencing skeletal development, further emphasizing the relevance of taurodontism in forensic age assessment. Presumably taurodontic teeth were included in reference data to some extent due to their partially high prevalence in the past, whereby the influence of taurodontism has been statistically absorbed within the overall spread of the features. Future studies should compare the temporal course of these tooth characteristics in affected and unaffected teeth. Subsequent initiatives should focus on raising awareness among forensic dentists regarding taurodontism, necessitating in-depth exploration of the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Timme
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Röntgenstraße 23, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Chané Smit
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Liam Robinson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Herman Bernitz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Yu-Cheng Guo
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Andreas Schmeling
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Röntgenstraße 23, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Zhang Z, Wang Z, Liu T, Tang J, Liu Y, Gou T, Chen K, Wang L, Zhang J, Yang Y, Zhang H. Exploring the role of ITGB6: fibrosis, cancer, and other diseases. Apoptosis 2024; 29:570-585. [PMID: 38127283 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01921-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Integrin β6 (ITGB6), a member of the integrin family of proteins, is only present in epithelial tissues and frequently associates with integrin subunit αv to form transmembrane heterodimers named integrin αvβ6. Importantly, ITGB6 determines αvβ6 expression and availability. In addition to being engaged in organ fibrosis, ITGB6 is also directly linked to the emergence of cancer, periodontitis, and several potential genetic diseases. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the molecular-biological mechanism of ITGB6, which could provide novel insights for future clinical diagnosis and therapy. This review introduces the structure, distribution, and biological function of ITGB6. This review also expounds on ITGB6-related diseases, detailing the known biological effects of ITGB6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Faulty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Central Theater Command General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 627 Wuluo Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Faulty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Jiayou Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Faulty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Tiantian Gou
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Faulty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Kangli Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Faulty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Faulty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Faulty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, 710021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Faulty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, 710021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Faulty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China.
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Smitchger JA, Taylor JB, Mousel MR, Schaub D, Thorne JW, Becker GM, Murdoch BM. Genome-wide associations with longevity and reproductive traits in U.S. rangeland ewes. Front Genet 2024; 15:1398123. [PMID: 38859938 PMCID: PMC11163081 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1398123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Improving ewe longevity is an important breeding and management goal, as death loss and early culling of mature ewes are economic burdens in the sheep industry. Ewe longevity can be improved by selecting for positive reproductive outcomes. However, the breeding approaches for accomplishing this come with the challenge of recording a lifetime trait. Characterizing genetic factors underpinning ewe longevity and related traits could result in the development of genomic selection strategies to improve the stayability of sheep through early, informed selection of replacement ewes. Methods: Towards this aim, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed to identify genetic markers associated with ewe longevity, reproductive, and production traits. Traits evaluated included longevity (i.e., length of time in the flock), parity and the lifetime number of lambs born, lambs born alive, lambs weaned, and weight of lambs weaned. Ewe records from previous studies were used. Specifically, Rambouillet (n = 480), Polypay (n = 404), Suffolk (n = 182), and Columbia (n = 64) breed ewes (N = 1,130) were analyzed against 503,617 SNPs in across-breed and within-breed GWAS conducted with the Bayesian-information and Linkage-disequilibrium Iteratively Nested Keyway (BLINK) model in R. Results: The across-breed GWAS identified 25 significant SNPs and the within-breed GWAS for Rambouillet, Polypay, and Suffolk ewes identified an additional 19 significant SNPs. The most significant markers were rs411309094 (13:22,467,143) associated with longevity in across-breed GWAS (p-value = 8.3E-13) and rs429525276 (2:148,398,336) associated with both longevity (p-value = 6.4E-15) and parity (p-value = 4.8E-15) in Rambouillet GWAS. Significant SNPs were identified within or in proximity (±50 kb) of genes with known or proposed roles in reproduction, dentition, and the immune system. These genes include ALPL, ANOS1, ARHGEF26, ASIC2, ASTN2, ATP8A2, CAMK2D, CEP89, DISC1, ITGB6, KCNH8, MBNL3, MINDY4, MTSS1, PLEKHA7, PRIM2, RNF43, ROBO2, SLCO1A2, TMEM266, TNFRSF21, and ZNF804B. Discussion: This study proposes multiple SNPs as candidates for use in selection indices and suggests genes for further research towards improving understanding of the genetic factors contributing to longevity, reproductive, and production traits of ewes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamin A. Smitchger
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - J. Bret Taylor
- USDA, Agriculture Research Service, Range Sheep Production Efficiency Research Unit, U.S. Sheep Experiment Station, Dubois, ID, United States
| | - Michelle R. Mousel
- Animal Diseases Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Daniel Schaub
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Jacob W. Thorne
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension, San Angelo, TX, United States
| | - Gabrielle M. Becker
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Brenda M. Murdoch
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
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Tan L, Guo Y, Zhong MM, Zhao YQ, Zhao J, Aimee DM, Feng Y, Ye Q, Hu J, Ou-Yang ZY, Chen NX, Su XL, Zhang Q, Liu Q, Yuan H, Wang MY, Feng YZ, Zhang FY. Tooth ultrastructure changes induced by a nonsense mutation in the FAM83H gene: insights into the diversity of amelogenesis imperfecta. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:6111-6123. [PMID: 37615776 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05228-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current research on single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutation sites at different positions of the FAM83H gene and their phenotypic changes leading to amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is inconsistent. We identified a previously reported heterozygous nonsense mutation c.1192C>T (p.Q398*) in the FAM83H gene and conducted a comprehensive analysis of the dental ultrastructure and chemical composition changes induced by this mutation. Additionally, we predicted the protein feature affected by this mutation site. The aim was to further deepen our understanding of the diversity of AI caused by different mutation sites in the FAM83H gene. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were used to confirm the mutation sites. Physical features of the patient's teeth were investigated using various methods including cone beam computer tomography (CBCT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact profilometry (roughness measurement), and a nanomechanical tester (nanoindentation measurement). The protein features of wild-type and mutant FAM83H were predicted using bioinformatics methods. RESULTS One previously discovered FAM83H heterozygous nonsense mutation c.1192C>T (p.Q398*) was detected in the patient. SEM revealed inconsistent dentinal tubules, and EDS showed that calcium and phosphorus were lower in the patient's dentin but higher in the enamel compared to the control tooth. Roughness measurements showed that AI patients' teeth had rougher occlusal surfaces than those of the control tooth. Nanoindentation measurements showed that the enamel and dentin hardness values of the AI patients' teeth were both significantly reduced compared to those of the control tooth. Compared to the wild-type FAM83H protein, the mutant FAM83H protein shows alterations in stability, hydrophobicity, secondary structure, and tertiary structure. These changes could underlie functional differences and AI phenotype variations caused by this mutation site. CONCLUSIONS This study expands the understanding of the effects of FAM83H mutations on tooth structure. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our study enhances our understanding of the genetic basis of AI and may contribute to improved diagnostics and personalized treatment strategies for patients with FAM83H-related AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tan
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Mei Zhong
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Qiong Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dusenge Marie Aimee
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Ye
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Yue Ou-Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning-Xin Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Lin Su
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min-Yuan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Zhi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Yi Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Masunova N, Tereschenko M, Alexandrov G, Spirina L, Tarasenko N. Crucial Role of microRNAs as New Targets for Amelogenesis Disorders Detection. Curr Drug Targets 2023; 24:1139-1149. [PMID: 37936447 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501257011231030161427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) refers to a heterogeneous group of conditions with multiple factors which contribute to the hypomineralisation of enamel. Preventive measures are necessary to predict this pathology. Prospects for preventive medicine are closely related to the search for new informative methods for diagnosing a human disease. MicroRNAs are prominent for the non-invasive diagnostic platform. THE AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the review is to review the heterogeneous factors involved in amelogenesis and to select the microRNA panel associated with the AI type. METHODS We used DIANA Tools (algorithms, databases and software) for interpreting and archiving data in a systematic framework ranging from the analysis of expression regulation from deep sequencing data to the annotation of miRNA regulatory elements and targets (https://dianalab. e-ce.uth.gr/). In our study, based on a gene panel associated with the AI types, twenty-four miRNAs were identified for the hypoplastic type (supplement), thirty-five for hypocalcified and forty-- nine for hypomaturation AI. The selection strategy included the microRNA search with multiple targets using the AI type's gene panel. RESULTS Key proteins, calcium-dependent and genetic factors were analysed to reveal their role in amelogenesis. The role of extracellular non-coding RNA sequences with multiple regulatory functions seems to be the most attractive. We chose the list of microRNAs associated with the AI genes. We found four microRNAs (hsa-miR-27a-3p, hsa-miR-375, hsa-miR-16-5p and hsamiR- 146a-5p) for the gene panel, associated with the hypoplastic type of AI; five microRNAs (hsa- miR-29c-3p, hsa-miR-124-3p, hsa-miR-1343-3p, hsa-miR-335-5p, and hsa-miR-16-5p - for hypocalcified type of AI, and seven ones (hsa-miR-124-3p, hsa-miR-147a, hsa-miR-16-5p, hsamiR- 429, hsa-let-7b-5p, hsa-miR-146a-5p, hsa-miR-335-5p) - for hypomaturation. It was revealed that hsa-miR-16-5p is included in three panels specific for both hypoplastic, hypocalcified, and hypomaturation types. Hsa-miR-146a-5p is associated with hypoplastic and hypomaturation type of AI, which is associated with the peculiarities of the inflammatory response immune response. In turn, hsa-miR-335-5p associated with hypocalcified and hypomaturation type of AI. CONCLUSION Liquid biopsy approaches are a promising way to reduce the economic cost of treatment for these patients in modern healthcare. Unique data exist about the role of microRNA in regulating amelogenesis. The list of microRNAs that are associated with AI genes and classified by AI types has been uncovered. The target gene analysis showed the variety of functions of selected microRNAs, which explains the multiple heterogeneous mechanisms in amelogenesis. Predisposition to mineralisation problems is a programmed event. Many factors determine the manifestation of this problem. Additionally, it is necessary to remember the variable nature of the changes, which reduces the prediction accuracy. Therefore, models based on liquid biopsy and microRNAs make it possible to take into account these factors and their influence on the mineralisation. The found data needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda Masunova
- Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 634050, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Maria Tereschenko
- Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 634050, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Georgy Alexandrov
- Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 634050, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Liudmila Spirina
- Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 634050, Tomsk, Russia
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Natalia Tarasenko
- Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 634050, Tomsk, Russia
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
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