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Liu Y, Zheng L, Li Y, Ma L, Zheng N, Liu X, Zhao Y, Yu L, Liu N, Liu S, Zhang K, Zhou J, Wei M, Yang C, Yang G. Neratinib impairs function of m6A recognition on AML1-ETO pre-mRNA and induces differentiation of t (8;21) AML cells by targeting HNRNPA3. Cancer Lett 2024; 594:216980. [PMID: 38797229 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is frequently linked to genetic abnormalities, with the t (8; 21) translocation, resulting in the production of a fusion oncoprotein AML1-ETO (AE), being a prevalent occurrence. This protein plays a pivotal role in t (8; 21) AML's onset, advancement, and recurrence, making it a therapeutic target. However, the development of drug molecules targeting AML1-ETO are markedly insufficient, especially used in clinical treatment. In this study, it was uncovered that Neratinib could significantly downregulate AML1-ETO protein level, subsequently promoting differentiation of t (8; 21) AML cells. Based on "differentiated active" probes, Neratinib was identified as a functional inhibitor against HNRNPA3 through covalent binding. The further studies demonstrated that HNRNPA3 function as a putative m6A reader responsible for recognizing and regulating the alternative splicing of AML-ETO pre-mRNA. These findings not only contribute to a novel insight to the mechanism governing post-transcriptional modification of AML1-ETO transcript, but also suggest that Neratinib would be promising therapeutic potential for t (8; 21) AML treatment.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/genetics
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Quinolines/pharmacology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein/genetics
- RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein/metabolism
- RNA Precursors/metabolism
- RNA Precursors/genetics
- Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group A-B/metabolism
- Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group A-B/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic/drug effects
- Adenosine/analogs & derivatives
- Adenosine/metabolism
- Adenosine/pharmacology
- Alternative Splicing/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Animals
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Liting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Lan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xueyuan AVE 1098, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, PR China
| | - Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
| | - Shuangwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
| | - Kun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
| | - Jingfeng Zhou
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Xueyuan AVE 1098, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, PR China.
| | - Mingming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
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Liu S, Su D, Sun Z, Piao T, Li S, Guan L, Fu Y, Zhang G, Cui T, Zhu W, Ma X, Hu S. Epigallocatechin gallate delays age-related cataract development via the RASSF2/AKT pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 961:176204. [PMID: 37979829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Age-related cataract (ARC) is a common eye disease, the main cause of which is oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs). Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the most potent antioxidant in green tea. Our results demonstrated that EGCG could effectively reduce apoptosis of LECs and retard lens clouding in aged mice. By comparing transcriptome sequencing results of three groups of mice (young control, untreated aged, and EGCG-treated) and screening using GO and KEGG analyses, we selected RASSF2 as the effector gene of EGCG for mechanistic exploration. We verified that the differential expression of RASSF2 was associated with the occurrence of ARC in clinical samples and mouse tissues by immunohistochemistry and western blotting, respectively. We showed that high RASSF2 expression plays a crucial role in the oxidative induction of apoptosis in LECs, as revealed by overexpression and interference experiments. Further studies showed that RASSF2 mediates the inhibitory effect of EGCG on apoptosis and ARCogenesis in LECs by regulating AKT (Ser473) phosphorylation. In this study, we found for the first time the retarding effect of EGCG on lens clouding in mice and revealed the mechanism of action of RASSF2/AKT in it, which provides a theoretical basis for the targeted treatment of EGCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhe Liu
- Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dongmei Su
- Department of Genetics, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Health Department, Beijing, 100081, China; Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhaoyi Sun
- Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tianhua Piao
- Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Sijia Li
- Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lina Guan
- Department of Genetics, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Health Department, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yanjiang Fu
- Daqing Ophthalmology Hospital, Daqing, 163000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Gaobo Zhang
- Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tingsong Cui
- Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenna Zhu
- Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Department of Genetics, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Health Department, Beijing, 100081, China; Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Shanshan Hu
- Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, Heilongjiang, China.
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Ji L, Xu S, Luo H, Zeng F. Insights from DOCK2 in cell function and pathophysiology. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:997659. [PMID: 36250020 PMCID: PMC9559381 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.997659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2) can activate the downstream small G protein Rac and regulate cytoskeletal reorganization. DOCK2 is essential for critical physiological processes such as migration, activation, proliferation, and effects of immune cells, including lymphocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. For example, DOCK2 is involved in the development and activation of T and B lymphocytes by affecting synapse formation and inhibiting the development of the Th2 lineage by downregulating IL-4Rα surface expression. Not only that, DOCK2 may be a molecular target for controlling cardiac transplant rejection and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Patients with defects in the DOCK2 gene also exhibit a variety of impaired cellular functions, such as chemotactic responses of lymphocytes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by neutrophils. To date, DOCK2 has been shown to be involved in the development of various diseases, including AD, pneumonia, myocarditis, colitis, tumors, etc. DOCK2 plays different roles in these diseases and the degree of inflammatory response has a different impact on the progression of disease. In this paper, we present a review of recent advances in the function of DOCK2 in various immune cells and its role in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulin Ji
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Fanwei Zeng, ; Haiqing Luo, ; Lulin Ji,
| | - Shuquan Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haiqing Luo
- Organoid Research Center, Xiamen Broad Creation Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China
- Research and Development Center, Xiamen Mogengel Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Fanwei Zeng, ; Haiqing Luo, ; Lulin Ji,
| | - Fanwei Zeng
- Organoid Research Center, Xiamen Broad Creation Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China
- Research and Development Center, Xiamen Mogengel Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Fanwei Zeng, ; Haiqing Luo, ; Lulin Ji,
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温 亚, 方 姝, 杨 晶, 王 昊, 焦 一, 王 楠, 魏 岩, 王 莉, 窦 立. [Characteristics of N6-methyladenosine modification patterns in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:690-697. [PMID: 35673912 PMCID: PMC9178644 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.05.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between AML1-ETO (AE) fusion gene and intracellular N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification pattern in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML). METHODS RNA m6A sequencing was performed in SKNO-1 and AE knockdown SKNO-1 (SKNO-1 siAE) cells using RNA-protein co-immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing (methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing, MeRIP-Seq) to analyze the changes in m6A modification of the entire transcriptome. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed using high-throughput sequencing. The differentially modified mRNAs were further functionally annotated by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. The changes in m6A-related enzyme expressions were detected using real-time PCR. RESULTS A total of 26 441 genes were identified in AE knockdown AML cells and AE-expressing cells, containing 72 036 m6A peaks. AE knockdown caused a reduction of the number of intracellular m6A peaks from 37 042 to 34 994, among which 1278 m6A peaks were significantly elevated and 1225 were significantly decreased; 1316 genes with newly emerged m6A modification were detected and 1830 genes lost m6A modification after AE knockdown. The differential peaks were mainly enriched in pathways involving cancer and human T-lymphocytic leukemia virus I. RNA-seq results showed that 2483 genes were up-regulated and 3913 genes were down-regulated after AE knockdown. The combined analysis of MeRIP-Seq and RNA-Seq results revealed relatively high expression levels of m6A-modified genes as compared with the genes without m6A modification (SKNO-1: 0.6116±1.263 vs 2.010±1.655, P < 0.0001; SKNO-1 siAE: 0.5528±1.257 vs 2.067±1.686, P < 0.0001). The m6A modified genes located in the 3'UTR or 5 'UTR had significantly higher expression levels than those located in exonic regions (SKNO-1: 2.177± 1.633 vs 1.333 ± 1.470 vs 2.449 ± 1.651, P < 0.0001; SKNO-1 siAE: 2.304 ± 1.671 vs 1.336 ± 1.522 vs 2.394 ± 1.649, P < 0.05). Analysis of RNA-seq data identified 3 m6A-related enzymes that showed significantly elevated mRNA expression after AE knockdown, namely WTAP, METTL14, and ALKBH5 (P < 0.05), but the results of real-time PCR showed that the expressions of WTAP and ALKBH5 were significantly increased while the expression of METTL14 was lowered after AE knockdown (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION AE knockdown results in differential expressions of m6A-associated enzymes, suggesting that the AE fusion gene regulates the expression of one or more m6A-associated enzymes to control cellular methylation levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- 亚男 温
- 解放军医学院,北京 100853Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- 中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心血液病医学部,北京 100853Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - 姝 方
- 中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心血液病医学部,北京 100853Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- 南开大学,天津 300071Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - 晶晶 杨
- 解放军医学院,北京 100853Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- 中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心血液病医学部,北京 100853Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - 昊 王
- 解放军医学院,北京 100853Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- 中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心血液病医学部,北京 100853Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - 一帆 焦
- 解放军医学院,北京 100853Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- 中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心血液病医学部,北京 100853Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - 楠 王
- 解放军医学院,北京 100853Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- 中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心血液病医学部,北京 100853Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - 岩 魏
- 解放军医学院,北京 100853Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- 中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心血液病医学部,北京 100853Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - 莉莉 王
- 中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心血液病医学部,北京 100853Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - 立萍 窦
- 中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心血液病医学部,北京 100853Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Farooqi AA, Kapanova G, Kussainov AZ, Datkhayeva Z, Raganina K, Sadykov BN. Regulation of RASSF by non-coding RNAs in different cancers. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 7:123-131. [PMID: 35702574 PMCID: PMC9163590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ras-association domain family (RASSF) proteins are tumor suppressors and have gained phenomenal limelight because of their mechanistic role in the prevention/inhibition of carcinogenesis and metastasis. Decades of research have demystified wide ranging activities of RASSF molecules in multiple stages of cancers. Although major fraction of RASSF molecules has tumor suppressive roles, yet there is parallel existence of proof-of-concept about moonlighting activities of RASSF proteins as oncogenes. RASSF proteins tactfully rewire signaling cascades for prevention of cancer and metastasis but circumstantial evidence also illuminates oncogenic role of different RASSF proteins in different cancers. In this review we have attempted to provide readers an overview of the complex interplay between non-coding RNAs and RASSF proteins and how these versatile regulators shape the landscape of carcinogenesis and metastasis.
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Ueda T, Kanai A, Komuro A, Amano H, Ota K, Honda M, Kawazu M, Okada H. KDM4B promotes acute myeloid leukemia associated with AML1-ETO by regulating chromatin accessibility. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:1020-1033. [PMID: 34938963 PMCID: PMC8664044 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations of chromatin structure affect chromatin accessibility and collaborate with genetic alterations in the development of cancer. Lysine demethylase 4B (KDM4B) has been identified as a JmjC domain-containing epigenetic modifier that possesses histone demethylase activity. Although recent studies have demonstrated that KDM4B positively regulates the pathogenesis of multiple types of solid tumors, the tissue specificity and context dependency have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated gene expression profiles established from clinical samples and found that KDM4B is elevated specifically in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) associated with chromosomal translocation 8;21 [t(8;21)], which results in a fusion of the AML1 and the eight-twenty-one (ETO) genes to generate a leukemia oncogene, AML1-ETO fusion transcription factor. Short hairpin RNA-mediated KDM4B silencing significantly reduced cell proliferation in t(8;21)-positive AML cell lines. Meanwhile, KDM4B silencing suppressed the expression of AML1-ETO-inducible genes, and consistently perturbed chromatin accessibility of AML1-ETO-binding sites involving altered active enhancer marks and functional cis-regulatory elements. Notably, transduction of murine KDM4B orthologue mutants followed by KDM4B silencing demonstrated a requirement of methylated-histone binding modules for a proliferative surge. To address the role of KDM4B in leukemia development, we further generated and analyzed Kdm4b conditional knockout mice. As a result, Kdm4b deficiency attenuated clonogenic potential mediated by AML1-ETO and delayed leukemia progression in vivo. Thus, our results highlight a tumor-promoting role of KDM4B in AML associated with t(8;21).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ueda
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
- Graduate School of Medical SciencesKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
| | - Akinori Kanai
- Department of Molecular OncologyResearch Institute for Radiation Biology and MedicineHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Akiyoshi Komuro
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
| | - Hisayuki Amano
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
| | - Kazushige Ota
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
| | - Masahiko Honda
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
| | - Masahito Kawazu
- Division of Cellular SignalingNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Hitoshi Okada
- Department of BiochemistryKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
- Graduate School of Medical SciencesKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakasayamaJapan
- Anti‐Aging CenterKindai UniversityHigashi‐OsakaJapan
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Rejeski K, Duque-Afonso J, Lübbert M. AML1/ETO and its function as a regulator of gene transcription via epigenetic mechanisms. Oncogene 2021; 40:5665-5676. [PMID: 34331016 PMCID: PMC8460439 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01952-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The chromosomal translocation t(8;21) and the resulting oncofusion gene AML1/ETO have long served as a prototypical genetic lesion to model and understand leukemogenesis. In this review, we describe the wide-ranging role of AML1/ETO in AML leukemogenesis, with a particular focus on the aberrant epigenetic regulation of gene transcription driven by this AML-defining mutation. We begin by analyzing how structural changes secondary to distinct genomic breakpoints and splice changes, as well as posttranscriptional modifications, influence AML1/ETO protein function. Next, we characterize how AML1/ETO recruits chromatin-modifying enzymes to target genes and how the oncofusion protein alters chromatin marks, transcription factor binding, and gene expression. We explore the specific impact of these global changes in the epigenetic network facilitated by the AML1/ETO oncofusion on cellular processes and leukemic growth. Furthermore, we define the genetic landscape of AML1/ETO-positive AML, presenting the current literature concerning the incidence of cooperating mutations in genes such as KIT, FLT3, and NRAS. Finally, we outline how alterations in transcriptional regulation patterns create potential vulnerabilities that may be exploited by epigenetically active agents and other therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Rejeski
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of the LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Freiburg Partner Site, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jesús Duque-Afonso
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Lübbert
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Freiburg Partner Site, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Guo C, Gao YY, Ju QQ, Zhang CX, Gong M, Li ZL. The landscape of gene co-expression modules correlating with prognostic genetic abnormalities in AML. J Transl Med 2021; 19:228. [PMID: 34051812 PMCID: PMC8164775 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The heterogenous cytogenetic and molecular variations were harbored by AML patients, some of which are related with AML pathogenesis and clinical outcomes. We aimed to uncover the intrinsic expression profiles correlating with prognostic genetic abnormalities by WGCNA. Methods We downloaded the clinical and expression dataset from BeatAML, TCGA and GEO database. Using R (version 4.0.2) and ‘WGCNA’ package, the co-expression modules correlating with the ELN2017 prognostic markers were identified (R2 ≥ 0.4, p < 0.01). ORA detected the enriched pathways for the key co-expression modules. The patients in TCGA cohort were randomly assigned into the training set (50%) and testing set (50%). The LASSO penalized regression analysis was employed to build the prediction model, fitting OS to the expression level of hub genes by ‘glmnet’ package. Then the testing and 2 independent validation sets (GSE12417 and GSE37642) were used to validate the diagnostic utility and accuracy of the model. Results A total of 37 gene co-expression modules and 973 hub genes were identified for the BeatAML cohort. We found that 3 modules were significantly correlated with genetic markers (the ‘lightyellow’ module for NPM1 mutation, the ‘saddlebrown’ module for RUNX1 mutation, the ‘lightgreen’ module for TP53 mutation). ORA revealed that the ‘lightyellow’ module was mainly enriched in DNA-binding transcription factor activity and activation of HOX genes. The ‘saddlebrown’ module was enriched in immune response process. And the ‘lightgreen’ module was predominantly enriched in mitosis cell cycle process. The LASSO- regression analysis identified 6 genes (NFKB2, NEK9, HOXA7, APRC5L, FAM30A and LOC105371592) with non-zero coefficients. The risk score generated from the 6-gene model, was associated with ELN2017 risk stratification, relapsed disease, and prior MDS history. The 5-year AUC for the model was 0.822 and 0.824 in the training and testing sets, respectively. Moreover, the diagnostic utility of the model was robust when it was employed in 2 validation sets (5-year AUC 0.743–0.79). Conclusions We established the co-expression network signature correlated with the ELN2017 recommended prognostic genetic abnormalities in AML. The 6-gene prediction model for AML survival was developed and validated by multiple datasets. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-02914-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Guo
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Yue Gao
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Qian Ju
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Xia Zhang
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Gong
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Ling Li
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China.
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Johnson DT, Davis AG, Zhou JH, Ball ED, Zhang DE. MicroRNA let-7b downregulates AML1-ETO oncogene expression in t(8;21) AML by targeting its 3'UTR. Exp Hematol Oncol 2021; 10:8. [PMID: 33531067 PMCID: PMC7856722 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-021-00204-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with the t(8;21)(q22;q22) chromosomal translocation is among the most common subtypes of AML and produces the AML1-ETO (RUNX1-ETO, RUNX1-RUNX1T1) oncogenic fusion gene. AML1-ETO functions as an aberrant transcription factor which plays a key role in blocking normal hematopoiesis. Thus, the expression of AML1-ETO is critical to t(8;21) AML leukemogenesis and maintenance. Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression is often mediated through interactions between trans-factors and cis-elements within transcript 3′-untranslated regions (UTR). AML1-ETO uses the 3′UTR of the ETO gene, which is not normally expressed in hematopoietic cells. Therefore, the mechanisms regulating AML1-ETO expression via the 3’UTR are attractive therapeutic targets. Methods We used RNA-sequencing of t(8;21) patients and cell lines to examine the 3′UTR isoforms used by AML1-ETO transcripts. Using luciferase assay approaches, we test the relative contribution of 3′UTR cis elements to AML1-ETO expression. We further use let-7b microRNA mimics and anti-let-7b sponges for functional studies of t(8;21) AML cell lines. Results In this study, we examine the regulation of AML1-ETO via the 3’UTR. We demonstrate that AML1-ETO transcripts primarily use a 3.7 kb isoform of the ETO 3′UTR in both t(8;21) patients and cell lines. We identify a negative regulatory element within the AML1-ETO 3′UTR. We further demonstrate that the let-7b microRNA directly represses AML1-ETO through this site. Finally, we find that let-7b inhibits the proliferation of t(8;21) AML cell lines, rescues expression of AML1-ETO target genes, and promotes differentiation. Conclusions AML1-ETO is post-transcriptionally regulated by let-7b, which contributes to the leukemic phenotype of t(8;21) AML and may be important for t(8;21) leukemogenesis and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Johnson
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Amanda G Davis
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jie-Hua Zhou
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,BMT Division, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Edward D Ball
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.,BMT Division, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Dong-Er Zhang
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
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Kellaway S, Chin PS, Barneh F, Bonifer C, Heidenreich O. t(8;21) Acute Myeloid Leukemia as a Paradigm for the Understanding of Leukemogenesis at the Level of Gene Regulation and Chromatin Programming. Cells 2020; 9:E2681. [PMID: 33322186 PMCID: PMC7763303 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogenous disease with multiple sub-types which are defined by different somatic mutations that cause blood cell differentiation to go astray. Mutations occur in genes encoding members of the cellular machinery controlling transcription and chromatin structure, including transcription factors, chromatin modifiers, DNA-methyltransferases, but also signaling molecules that activate inducible transcription factors controlling gene expression and cell growth. Mutant cells in AML patients are unable to differentiate and adopt new identities that are shaped by the original driver mutation and by rewiring their gene regulatory networks into regulatory phenotypes with enhanced fitness. One of the best-studied AML-subtypes is the t(8;21) AML which carries a translocation fusing the DNA-binding domain of the hematopoietic master regulator RUNX1 to the ETO gene. The resulting oncoprotein, RUNX1/ETO has been studied for decades, both at the biochemical but also at the systems biology level. It functions as a dominant-negative version of RUNX1 and interferes with multiple cellular processes associated with myeloid differentiation, growth regulation and genome stability. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of how this protein reprograms normal into malignant cells and how our current knowledge could be harnessed to treat the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Kellaway
- Institute of Cancer and Genomica Sciences, College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, UK; (S.K.); (P.S.C.)
| | - Paulynn S. Chin
- Institute of Cancer and Genomica Sciences, College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, UK; (S.K.); (P.S.C.)
| | - Farnaz Barneh
- Princess Máxima Centrum for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Constanze Bonifer
- Institute of Cancer and Genomica Sciences, College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, UK; (S.K.); (P.S.C.)
| | - Olaf Heidenreich
- Princess Máxima Centrum for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands;
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