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Bailón L, Llano A, Cedeño S, Escribà T, Rosás-Umbert M, Parera M, Casadellà M, Lopez M, Pérez F, Oriol-Tordera B, Ruiz-Riol M, Coll J, Perez F, Rivero À, Leselbaum AR, McGowan I, Sengupta D, Wee EG, Hanke T, Paredes R, Alarcón-Soto Y, Clotet B, Noguera-Julian M, Brander C, Molto J, Mothe B, Benet S, Cobarsi P, Geleziunas R, Leselbaum AR, Loste C, Meulbroek M, Miranda C, Muñoz J, Naval J, Nieto A, Pujol F, Puig J. Safety, immunogenicity and effect on viral rebound of HTI vaccines in early treated HIV-1 infection: a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 1 trial. Nat Med 2022; 28:2611-2621. [PMID: 36302893 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-02060-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
HIVACAT T-cell immunogen (HTI) is a novel human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine immunogen designed to elicit cellular immune responses to HIV targets associated with viral control in humans. The AELIX-002 trial was a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate as a primary objective the safety of a combination of DNA.HTI (D), MVA.HTI (M) and ChAdOx1.HTI (C) vaccines in 45 early-antiretroviral (ART)-treated individuals (44 men, 1 woman; NCT03204617). Secondary objectives included T-cell immunogenicity, the effect on viral rebound and the safety of an antiretroviral treatment interruption (ATI). Adverse events were mostly mild and transient. No related serious adverse events were observed. We show here that HTI vaccines were able to induce strong, polyfunctional and broad CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses. All participants experienced detectable viral rebound during ATI, and resumed ART when plasma HIV-1 viral load reached either >100,000 copies ml-1, >10,000 copies ml-1 for eight consecutive weeks, or after 24 weeks of ATI. In post-hoc analyses, HTI vaccines were associated with a prolonged time off ART in vaccinees without beneficial HLA (human leukocyte antigen) class I alleles. Plasma viral load at the end of ATI and time off ART positively correlated with vaccine-induced HTI-specific T-cell responses at ART cessation. Despite limited efficacy of the vaccines in preventing viral rebound, their ability to elicit robust T-cell responses towards HTI may be beneficial in combination cure strategies, which are currently being tested in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Bailón
- Fundació Lluita Contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anuska Llano
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Samandhy Cedeño
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tuixent Escribà
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Rosás-Umbert
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mariona Parera
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Casadellà
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Lopez
- Fundació Lluita Contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Pérez
- Fundació Lluita Contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bruna Oriol-Tordera
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Riol
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Coll
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Projecte Dels Noms-Hispanosida, Bcn Checkpoint, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felix Perez
- Projecte Dels Noms-Hispanosida, Bcn Checkpoint, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Àngel Rivero
- Projecte Dels Noms-Hispanosida, Bcn Checkpoint, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anne R Leselbaum
- Projecte Dels Noms-Hispanosida, Bcn Checkpoint, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ian McGowan
- AELIX Therapeutics S.L, Barcelona, Spain.,University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Edmund G Wee
- The Jenner Institute, The Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tomáš Hanke
- The Jenner Institute, The Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Roger Paredes
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine. University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic - UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain.,Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institte, Badalona, Spain
| | - Yovaninna Alarcón-Soto
- Fundació Lluita Contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament d'Estadística I Investigació Operativa, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya/BARCELONATECH, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bonaventura Clotet
- Fundació Lluita Contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine. University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic - UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Noguera-Julian
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine. University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic - UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Brander
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,AELIX Therapeutics S.L, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine. University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic - UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain.,ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Molto
- Fundació Lluita Contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. .,Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institte, Badalona, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Mothe
- Fundació Lluita Contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine. University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic - UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain.,Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institte, Badalona, Spain
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Troncoso LL, Pontillo A, Oliveira EMLD, Finkelszteijn A, Schneider S, Chies JAB. CCR5Δ32 - A piece of protection in the inflammatory puzzle of multiple sclerosis susceptibility. Hum Immunol 2018; 79:621-626. [PMID: 29729320 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leucocyte infiltration and activation in the central nervous system (CNS) is an important step in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is implicated in immune cell migration and cytokine release in the CNS, and it was demonstrated to strongly contribute to CNS inflammation and damage in several models of sterile and pathogen-mediated CNS diseases. Although the inhibition of CCR5 results in a beneficial effect in experimental models of MS, conflicting results have been found about the loss-of-function variant CCR5Δ32 (rs333) in MS patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of CCR5Δ32 and MS in a Brazilian case/control cohort. PATIENTS AND METHODS 261 MS patients and 435 healthy controls were genotyped for CCR5Δ32. Allelic and genotypic frequencies were compared between patients and controls (case/control analysis), and among patients classified according to the MS clinical form (relapsing remitting versus progressive) and severity (EDSS, MSSS and progression index). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The CCR5Δ32 variant frequency was statistically higher in controls as compared to patients presenting European-derived ethnic background. The variant was more frequent in progressive MS as compared to RR-MS patients, and, although not statistically significant, a higher frequency of the truncated allele was observed among patients with less severe forms of MS. These findings emphasize the potential involvement of CCR5 signaling in CNS inflammation and damage in MS. CONCLUSION The CCR5Δ32 deletion is a protective factor against the development and progression of MS in European-derived Brazilian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Lopes Troncoso
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia e Imunogenética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Pontillo
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Imunologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Enedina Maria Lobato de Oliveira
- Ambulatório de Doenças Desmielinizantes da disciplina de Neurologia, Escola, Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Artur Bogo Chies
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia e Imunogenética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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