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Decup F, Léger S, Lefèvre S, Doméjean S, Grosgogeat B. Risk factors or indicators for dental caries and tooth wear and their relative importance in adults according to age. J Dent 2024; 147:105092. [PMID: 38821393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the risk factors for dental caries (DC) and tooth wear (TW) and assess their importance according to age in random French adult patients with >1 partial coronal restoration. METHODS The data stem from a prospective observational multicentre cross-sectional study and were collected through interviews and clinical examinations. The study involved 96 dentists from 76 hospital and private clinics and included 822 patients. The data analysed in three age groups (18-29, 30-59, and ≥ 60). Univariate logistic regressions were performed and predictions of DC or TW described using decision trees. RESULTS The study confirmed the major influences of oral hygiene, acceptable sugary/acidic beverage consumption and regular dental visits in reducing DC and TW. Further, it exposed age-related risk factors for DC such being a "new patient" and having an "excessive sugary/acidic beverage consumption" in the youngest adults, or "irregular dental visits" in middle-aged adults and in the oldest. CONCLUSIONS For appropriate preventive counselling, risk factor assessment should be extensive and age- and dental history-oriented because of unexpected age-related risk factors or risk factor combinations. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE These results are likely to make better-grounded new recommendations given to young adults since their first visits and throughout their dental clinical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Decup
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Charles Foix, Service de Médecine Bucco-Dentaire, Ivry-Sur-Seine, France; Laboratoire UR 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapie Orofaciales, Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - Stéphanie Léger
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Laboratoire de Mathématiques Blaise Pascal, UMR6620- CNRS, Aubière, France
| | - Solène Lefèvre
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Charles Foix, Service de Médecine Bucco-Dentaire, Ivry-Sur-Seine, France; Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - Sophie Doméjean
- Service d'Odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre de Recherche en Odontologie Clinique EA 4847, UFR d'Odontologie, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Brigitte Grosgogeat
- Service d'Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Faculté d'Odontologie, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, UMR CNRS 561, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
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Elmarsafy SM, Elkwatehy WM, Radi RE, Alhindi AK, Iskandar RM, Salem RA. The Prevalence of Tooth Wear and Their Associated Etiologies Among Adult Subjects Visiting Umm Al-Qura University Dental Clinic in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2024; 16:e59622. [PMID: 38707749 PMCID: PMC11070214 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past two decades, changing trends in socioeconomic status, dietary habits, and individual lifestyles of individuals have led to the emergence of tooth wear as an oral health problem. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and the associated etiologies of tooth wear in a convenience sample of adult patients visiting outpatient clinics of the Faculty of Dentistry at Umm Al-Qura University. This cross-sectional study was conducted on adult patients (18-40 years old) visiting outpatient clinics of the Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University. Two trained examiners visually assessed patients' tooth wear using Smith and Knight's Tooth Wear Index (TWI). Following the clinical examination, patients completed a self-administered questionnaire detailing risk factors such as the frequency of intake of acidic food and medicines, general health, chewing habits, dietary factors, and oral health-associated preventive behaviors. The resulting collected data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS, version 21; IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY). The total prevalence of tooth wear was 74%, and the recorded mean wear score (TWI) was 0.380 ± 0.386; anterior teeth exhibited greater wear than posterior teeth. Numerous associations were recorded between tooth wear and the tested variables in demographics, habits, diet, and medications, but most of them were not statistically significant. When toothbrushing habits were explored, the only factors to played a significant role in abrading the tooth structure were the type of brush bristles used (P-value = 0.026) and the frequency of brush renewal (P = 0.043). Patients who frequently ate citrus fruits and other acidic foods recorded high wear scores (0.509 ± 0.311 and 0.508 ± 0.402, respectively), although the difference was not statistically significant. When chewing occurred on both sides of the mouth, less tooth wear was recorded than if chewing was on the right or left side only (0.371 ± 0.260, 0.422 ± 0.273, and 0.520 ± 0.419, respectively). The study data support an association between tooth wear and patient occupation, use of hard-bristled and new toothbrushes, eating of citrus and other acidic food, and chewing on one side, as all of these factors increased the risk of tooth wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar M Elmarsafy
- Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
- Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGY
| | - Wahdan M Elkwatehy
- Dental Public Health and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EGY
| | - Rehab E Radi
- Dentistry, King Faisal Hospital Makkah, Makkah, SAU
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Denucci GC, Alzahrani L, O'Toole S, Turssi CP, Hara AT. Objective assessment of simulated non-carious cervical lesion by tridimensional digital scanning - An in vitro study. J Dent 2024; 142:104851. [PMID: 38262586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinical assessment of progression of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) is currently based on subjective methods. We hypothesize that 3D digital intraoral scanners (IOS) can provide quantitative outcomes for objective measuring and monitoring of NCCLs. This in vitro study verified the reliability of IOS to monitor dental structure loss of simulated NCCLs, in comparison to a reference bench-top 3D optical profilometer (BTS). METHODS NCCLs of different severity levels (early, moderate, or severe, n = 150) were simulated in a preceding study. Impressions of the lesions were taken and scanned with both BTS (ProScan; Scantron) and IOS (TRIOS4; 3Shape). Generated 3D images were analyzed for volumetric tooth loss (mm3) by superimposition followed by subtraction analysis. ProForm (Scantron) and WearCompare (Leeds Digital Dentistry) software were used in association to BTS and IOS, respectively. Agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC, alpha=0.05) and Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS ICC (confidence interval at 95 %) between IOS and BTS for all data combined was 0.962 (0.942-0.973), showing excellent reliability. Subset analyses showed that NCCLs with lower volume loss (early- and moderate-stage lesions) resulted in moderate ICCs, whereas severe lesions showed excellent ICC. Bland-Altman plots demonstrated general good agreement, with narrower limits for early stage-lesions. CONCLUSION IOS data demonstrated good agreement to BTS, when measuring tooth structure loss in simulated NCCLs, with particularly higher ICC in more severe lesions. Considering the accessibility and ease-of-use, IOS showed to be a good alternative for the objective assessment of NCCLs in vitro. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE 3D intraoral scanners' accessibility and objectivity make them potentially valuable tools for assessing and monitoring NCCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Corrêa Denucci
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 415N Lansing St, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Lina Alzahrani
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 415N Lansing St, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saoirse O'Toole
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King´s College London, Guy´s Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cecilia Pedroso Turssi
- Division of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Institute, R. Dr. José Rocha Junqueira, 13, Campinas, SP 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Anderson Takeo Hara
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 415N Lansing St, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States.
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Schmid T, Dritsas K, Gebistorf M, Halazonetis D, Katsaros C, Gkantidis N. Long-term occlusal tooth wear at the onset of permanent dentition. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:155. [PMID: 38366215 PMCID: PMC10873235 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05550-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study quantified the long-term occlusal wear in the natural posterior teeth and the associations per tooth type within the dentition. METHODS The sample included 70 orthodontically treated subjects (52 females and 18 males; median age, 14.3 years), followed for a 12.7-year period. They were consecutively selected with no tooth wear-related criteria. Post-treatment (T1) and follow-up dental casts (T2) were scanned and superimposed through three-dimensional methods. Occlusal wear volume of posterior teeth and tooth wear patterns were investigated through non-parametric statistics and analysis of covariance. RESULTS There were no significant differences between contralateral teeth. The average occlusal wear per posterior tooth was 2.3 mm3, with 65.2% of teeth showing values greater than 1 mm3. Males, mandibular teeth, and first molars exhibited slightly greater wear levels than females (median, 2.57 and 2.21 mm3, respectively; p = 0.005), maxillary teeth, and first or second premolars, respectively. In all first premolars and in the mandibular second premolars, the buccal cusps were primarily affected with no other distinct patterns. There were weak to moderate correlations between tooth types, apart from certain strong correlations detected in males. CONCLUSIONS Posterior tooth wear was highly prevalent after a 13-year period starting at the onset of permanent dentition. The detected patterns are in accordance with the concept of canine guidance occlusion that is transforming into group synergy through function. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The widespread tooth wear occurrence and the high intra- and inter-individual variability underline the need for individual patient monitoring to identify high-risk patients at early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schmid
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Konstantinos Dritsas
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Meret Gebistorf
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Demetrios Halazonetis
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Katsaros
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaos Gkantidis
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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Jablonski-Momeni A, Hanselmann F, Bottenberg P, Korbmacher-Steiner H. Detection of Erosive Changes on Smooth Surfaces with and without Orthodontic Brackets Using an Intraoral Scanner-An In Vitro Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3232. [PMID: 37892052 PMCID: PMC10606051 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13203232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of acidic beverages favours development of erosions. Modern diagnostic methods are required to detect erosions at an early stage. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of an intraoral scanner (IOS) for detection of erosive changes on smooth surfaces adjacent to orthodontic brackets. METHODS Orthodontic metal brackets were attached to the buccal surfaces of 58 extracted permanent human teeth. Teeth were randomly divided into groups: A = 6% citric acid, B = Coca-Cola, C = Redbull, D = Powerade, E = Control, no acid exposure. Teeth were exposed to acid in three erosion cycles, followed by rinsing and brushing. Scans of teeth were performed at baseline and after each erosion cycle and enamel loss was measured. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) measurements were performed as reference standard. RESULTS Significant substance loss was measured in all acid groups after the second and third erosion cycle (p < 0.0001). Correlation between scans and QLF were significant (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS With IOS, it was possible to detect and quantify enamel erosion at smooth surfaces with and without orthodontic brackets after a short exposure time. Considering the limitations of in vitro results, the use of IOS can be a promising digital tool to detect and monitor erosive enamel changes during fixed orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Jablonski-Momeni
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Medical Faculty, Philipps-University Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Franka Hanselmann
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Medical Faculty, Philipps-University Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter Bottenberg
- Department of Oral Health Care, Free University of Brussels (ULB-VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heike Korbmacher-Steiner
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Medical Faculty, Philipps-University Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
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