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Kamounah S, Thomsson KA, Sørensen CE, Bennett EP, Karlsson NG, Pedersen AML. Altered O-Glycans in stimulated whole saliva from patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome and non-pSS sicca. Sci Rep 2024; 14:29377. [PMID: 39592783 PMCID: PMC11599585 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-79473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 11/08/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate if salivary O-linked glycans are altered in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), and thus contributing to explain symptoms of oral dryness, and an impaired oral mucosal barrier function leading to changes in microbial metabolism and colonization by both pathogenic and commensal microorganisms and increased prevalence of oral diseases. O-linked oligosaccharides from stimulated whole saliva (SWS) samples from 24 patients with pSS, 38 patients with non-pSS sicca, and 23 healthy controls were analyzed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometer (LC-MS). Non-fractionated reduced and alkylated saliva was dot-blotted to PVDF-membrane and O-linked oligosaccharides were released using reductive beta-elimination. The 50 most abundant glycans were identified and their intensity compared for each sample, reflecting the relative abundance of individual monosaccharide residues. Comparison of the compositions of O-glycans in SWS samples revealed higher relative levels of sialic acid (NeuAc) and lower levels of neutral amino-monosaccharides (HexNAc) in pSS and non-pSS sicca patients than in the healthy controls. MS2 fragmentation analysis of salivary O-glycans suggests that altered sulfation, fucosylation, sialylation and distribution of core types may all contribute to the observed alteration, directly or indirectly. Additionally, the short disaccharide sialyl-Tn was most abundant in the saliva samples from patients with pSS. Our findings indicate that the salivary mucin-type O-glycan profile is altered in pSS, reflecting a dysfunction of the post-translational modification of salivary mucins leading to rheological changes of saliva, oral dryness symptoms, and impaired oral mucosal barrier function. The pathophysiological significance of the aberrant O-glycosylation needs further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kamounah
- Section for Oral Biology and Immunopathology/Oral Medicine & Pathology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Kristina A Thomsson
- Proteomics Core Facility at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christiane Elisabeth Sørensen
- Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eric Paul Bennett
- Genome Editing Department, Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Nucleic Acid Therapies, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Niclas G Karlsson
- Section of Pharmacy, Department of Life Sciences and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Marie Lynge Pedersen
- Section for Oral Biology and Immunopathology/Oral Medicine & Pathology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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2
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Silva MLS. Lectin-modified drug delivery systems - Recent applications in the oncology field. Int J Pharm 2024; 665:124685. [PMID: 39260750 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy with cytotoxic drugs remains the core treatment for cancer but, due to the difficulty to find general and usable biochemical differences between cancer cells and normal cells, many of these drugs are associated with lack of specificity, resulting in side effects and collateral cytotoxicity that impair patients' adherence to therapy. Novel cancer treatments in which the cytotoxic effect is maximized while adverse effects are reduced can be implemented by developing targeted therapies that exploit the specific features of cancer cells, such as the typical expression of aberrant glycans. Modification of drug delivery systems with lectins is one of the strategies to implement targeted chemotherapies, as lectins are able to specifically recognize and bind to cancer-associated glycans expressed at the surface of cancer cells, guiding the drug treatment towards these cells and not affecting healthy ones. In this paper, recent advances on the development of lectin-modified drug delivery systems for targeted cancer treatments are thoroughly reviewed, with a focus on their properties and performance in diverse applications, as well as their main advantages and limitations. The synthesis and analytical characterization of the cited lectin-modified drug delivery systems is also briefly described. A comparison with free-drug treatments and with antibody-modified drug delivery systems is presented, emphasizing the advantages of lectin-modified drug delivery systems. Main constraints and potential challenges of lectin-modified drug delivery systems, including key difficulties for clinical translation of these systems, and the required developments in this area, are also signalled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luísa S Silva
- Centro de Estudos Globais, Universidade Aberta, Rua da Escola Politécnica 147, 1269-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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3
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Ma X, Li M, Wang X, Qi G, Wei L, Zhang D. Sialylation in the gut: From mucosal protection to disease pathogenesis. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 343:122471. [PMID: 39174097 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Sialylation, a crucial post-translational modification of glycoconjugates, entails the attachment of sialic acid (SA) to the terminal glycans of glycoproteins and glycolipids through a tightly regulated enzymatic process involving various enzymes. This review offers a comprehensive exploration of sialylation within the gut, encompassing its involvement in mucosal protection and its impact on disease progression. The sialylation of mucins and epithelial glycoproteins contributes to the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier. Furthermore, sialylation regulates immune responses in the gut, shaping interactions among immune cells, as well as their activation and tolerance. Additionally, the gut microbiota and gut-brain axis communication are involved in the role of sialylation in intestinal health. Altered sialylation patterns have been implicated in various intestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer (CRC), and other intestinal disorders. Emerging research underscores sialylation as a promising avenue for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic interventions in intestinal diseases. Potential strategies such as sialic acid supplementation, inhibition of sialidases, immunotherapy targeting sialylated antigens, and modulation of sialyltransferases have been utilized in the treatment of intestinal diseases. Future research directions will focus on elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying sialylation alterations, identifying sialylation-based biomarkers, and developing targeted interventions for precision medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueni Ma
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lina Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dekui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
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4
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Abrantes R, Lopes J, Lopes D, Gomes J, Melo SA, Reis CA. Sialyl-Tn glycan epitope as a target for pancreatic cancer therapies. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1466255. [PMID: 39346741 PMCID: PMC11427427 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1466255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, primarily due to late-stage diagnosis and limited treatment options. While novel biomarkers and immunotherapies are promising, further research into specific molecular targets is needed. Glycans, which are carbohydrate structures mainly found on cell surfaces, play crucial roles in health and disease. The Thomsen-Friedenreich-related carbohydrate antigen Sialyl-Tn (STn), a truncated O-glycan structure, is selectively expressed in epithelial tumors, including PC. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of STn expression patterns in normal, premalignant, and malignant pancreatic lesions. Additionally, we analyzed the association between STn expression and various clinicopathological features. STn expression was statistically associated with pathological diagnosis; it was absent in normal pancreatic tissue but prevalent in pancreatic carcinoma lesions, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma, and pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma. Moreover, we found a significant association between STn expression and tumor stage, with higher STn levels observed in stage II tumors compared to stage I. However, STn expression did not correlate with patient survival or outcomes. Furthermore, STn expression was assessed in PDAC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, revealing consistent STn levels throughout engraftment and tumor growth cycles. This finding supports the PDX model as a valuable tool for testing new anti-STn therapeutic strategies for PC in clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Abrantes
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joanne Lopes
- Department of Pathology, Unidade Local de Saúde (ULS) de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel Lopes
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Gomes
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Sónia A. Melo
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Celso A. Reis
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), Porto, Portugal
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5
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Zhou Q, Niu X, Zhang Z, O'Byrne K, Kulasinghe A, Fielding D, Möller A, Wuethrich A, Lobb RJ, Trau M. Glycan Profiling in Small Extracellular Vesicles with a SERS Microfluidic Biosensor Identifies Early Malignant Development in Lung Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401818. [PMID: 38885350 PMCID: PMC11434045 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation is the most common post-translational modification of proteins and regulates a myriad of fundamental biological processes under normal, and pathological conditions. Altered protein glycosylation is linked to malignant transformation, showing distinct glycopatterns that are associated with cancer initiation and progression by regulating tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. The glycopatterns of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) released by cancer cells are promising candidates for cancer monitoring since they exhibit glycopatterns similar to their cell-of-origin. However, the clinical application of sEV glycans is challenging due to the limitations of current analytical technologies in tracking the trace amounts of sEVs specifically derived from tumors in circulation. Herein, a sEV GLYcan PHenotype (EV-GLYPH) assay that utilizes a microfluidic platform integrated with surface-enhanced Raman scattering for multiplex profiling of sEV glycans in non-small cell lung cancer is clinically validated. For the first time, the EV-GLYPH assay effectively identifies distinct sEV glycan signatures between non-transformed and malignantly transformed lung cells. In a clinical study evaluated on 40 patients, the EV-GLYPH assay successfully differentiates patients with early-stage malignant lung nodules from benign lung nodules. These results reveal the potential to profile sEV glycans for noninvasive diagnostics and prognostics, opening up promising avenues for clinical applications and understanding the role of sEV glycosylation in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhou
- Centre for Personalised NanomedicineAustralian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Xueming Niu
- Centre for Personalised NanomedicineAustralian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Centre for Personalised NanomedicineAustralian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Kenneth O'Byrne
- School of Biomedical SciencesQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD4102Australia
| | - Arutha Kulasinghe
- Frazer InstituteFaculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4102Australia
| | - David Fielding
- Department of Thoracic MedicineRoyal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbaneQLD4029Australia
| | - Andreas Möller
- JC STEM LabLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesDepartment of OtorhinolaryngologyFaculty of MedicineChinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong SAR999077China
- Tumour Microenvironment LaboratoryQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneQLD4029Australia
| | - Alain Wuethrich
- Centre for Personalised NanomedicineAustralian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Richard J. Lobb
- Centre for Personalised NanomedicineAustralian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Matt Trau
- Centre for Personalised NanomedicineAustralian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
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6
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Madzharova E, Sabino F, Kalogeropoulos K, Francavilla C, Auf dem Keller U. Substrate O-glycosylation actively regulates extracellular proteolysis. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e5128. [PMID: 39074261 DOI: 10.1002/pro.5128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular proteolysis critically regulates cellular and tissue responses and is often dysregulated in human diseases. The crosstalk between proteolytic processing and other major post-translational modifications (PTMs) is emerging as an important regulatory mechanism to modulate protease activity and maintain cellular and tissue homeostasis. Here, we focus on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-mediated cleavages and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)-type of O-glycosylation, two major PTMs of proteins in the extracellular space. We investigated the influence of truncated O-glycan trees, also referred to as Tn antigen, following the inactivation of C1GALT1-specific chaperone 1 (COSMC) on the general and MMP9-specific proteolytic processing in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Quantitative assessment of the proteome and N-terminome using terminal amine isotopic labelling of substrates (TAILS) technology revealed enhanced proteolysis by MMP9 within the extracellular proteomes of MDA-MB-231 cells expressing Tn antigen. In addition, we detected substantial modifications in the proteome and discovered novel ectodomain shedding events regulated by the truncation of O-glycans. These results highlight the critical role of mature O-glycosylation in fine-tuning proteolytic processing and proteome homeostasis by modulating protein susceptibility to proteolytic degradation. These data suggest a complex interplay between proteolysis and O-GalNAc glycosylation, possibly affecting cancer phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeta Madzharova
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Fabio Sabino
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Chiara Francavilla
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ulrich Auf dem Keller
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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7
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Tang YH, Leng JX, Yang G, Gao XD, Liu YS, Fujita M. Production of CA125 with Tn antigens using a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchoring system. J Biochem 2024; 176:23-34. [PMID: 38382634 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is a serum marker associated with ovarian cancer. Despite its widespread use, CA125 levels can also be elevated in benign conditions. Recent reports suggest that detecting serum CA125 that carries the Tn antigen, a truncated O-glycan containing only N-acetylgalactosamine on serine or threonine residues, can improve the specificity of ovarian cancer diagnosis. In this study, we engineered cells to express CA125 with a Tn antigen. To achieve this, we knocked out C1GALT1 and SLC35A1, genes encoding Core1 synthase and a transporter for cytidine-5'-monophospho-sialic acid respectively, in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells. In ClGALT1-SLC35A1-knockout (KO) cells, the expression of the Tn antigen showed a significant increase, whereas the expression of the T antigen (galactose-β1,3-N-acetylgalactosamine on serine or threonine residues) was decreased. Due to the inefficient secretion of soluble CA125, we employed a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchoring system. This allowed for the expression of GPI-anchored CA125 on the cell surface of ClGALT1-SLC35A1-KO cells. Cells expressing high levels of GPI-anchored CA125 were then enriched through cell sorting. By knocking out the PGAP2 gene, the GPI-anchored form of CA125 was converted to a secretory form. Through the engineering of O-glycans and the use of a GPI-anchoring system, we successfully produced CA125 with Tn antigen modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-He Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Ji-Xiong Leng
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Ganglong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yi-Shi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Morihisa Fujita
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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8
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Zhang T, Wang W, Wuhrer M, de Haan N. Comprehensive O-Glycan Analysis by Porous Graphitized Carbon Nanoliquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2024; 96:8942-8948. [PMID: 38758656 PMCID: PMC11154684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The diverse and unpredictable structures of O-GalNAc-type protein glycosylation present a challenge for its structural and functional characterization in a biological system. Porous graphitized carbon (PGC) liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) has become one of the most powerful methods for the global analysis of glycans in complex biological samples, mainly due to the extensive chromatographic separation of (isomeric) glycan structures and the information delivered by collision induced fragmentation in negative mode MS for structural elucidation. However, current PGC-based methodologies fail to detect the smaller glycan species consisting of one or two monosaccharides, such as the Tn (single GalNAc) antigen, which is broadly implicated in cancer biology. This limitation is caused by the loss of small saccharides during sample preparation and LC. Here, we improved the conventional PGC nano-LC-MS/MS-based strategy for O-glycan analysis, enabling the detection of truncated O-glycan species and improving isomer separation. This was achieved by the implementation of 2.7 μm PGC particles in both the trap and analytical LC columns, which provided an enhanced binding capacity and isomer separation for O-glycans. Furthermore, a novel mixed-mode PGC-boronic acid-solid phase extraction during sample preparation was established to purify a broad range of glycans in an unbiased manner, including the previously missed mono- and disaccharides. Taken together, the optimized PGC nano-LC-MS/MS platform presents a powerful component of the toolbox for comprehensive O-glycan characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Center for Proteomics and
Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical
Center, P.O. Box 9600, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Center for Proteomics and
Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical
Center, P.O. Box 9600, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and
Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical
Center, P.O. Box 9600, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Noortje de Haan
- Center for Proteomics and
Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical
Center, P.O. Box 9600, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
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9
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Radziejewska I. Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens of MUC1 - Implication in cancer development. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116619. [PMID: 38643541 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation of cancerous epithelial MUC1 protein is specifically altered in comparison to that which is presented by healthy cells. One of such changes is appearing tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) which are rare in normal tissues and are highly correlated with poor clinical outcomes and cancer progression. This review summarizes and describes the role of Tn, T antigens, their sialylated forms as well as fucosylated Lewis epitopes in different aspects of tumor development, progression, and metastasis. Finally, applications of MUC1 glycan epitopes as potential targets for therapeutic strategy of cancers are notified. One of the novelties of this review is presentation of TACAs as inherently connected with MUC1 mucin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Radziejewska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2, Białystok 15-222, Poland.
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10
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Kang T, Budhraja R, Kim J, Joshi N, Garapati K, Pandey A. Global O-glycoproteome enrichment and analysis enabled by a combinatorial enzymatic workflow. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2024; 4:100744. [PMID: 38582075 PMCID: PMC11046030 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2024.100744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
A comprehensive analysis of site-specific protein O-glycosylation is hindered by the absence of a consensus O-glycosylation motif, the diversity of O-glycan structures, and the lack of a universal enzyme that cleaves attached O-glycans. Here, we report the development of a robust O-glycoproteomic workflow for analyzing complex biological samples by combining four different strategies: removal of N-glycans, complementary digestion using O-glycoprotease (IMPa) with/without another protease, glycopeptide enrichment, and mass spectrometry with fragmentation of glycopeptides using stepped collision energy. Using this workflow, we cataloged 474 O-glycopeptides on 189 O-glycosites derived from 79 O-glycoproteins from human plasma. These data revealed O-glycosylation of several abundant proteins that have not been previously reported. Because many of the proteins that contained unannotated O-glycosylation sites have been extensively studied, we wished to confirm glycosylation at these sites in a targeted fashion. Thus, we analyzed selected purified proteins (kininogen-1, fetuin-A, fibrinogen, apolipoprotein E, and plasminogen) in independent experiments and validated the previously unknown O-glycosites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taewook Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Rohit Budhraja
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jinyong Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Neha Joshi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Kishore Garapati
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India; Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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11
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De León González FV, Boddington ME, Kofsky JM, Prindl MI, Capicciotti CJ. Glyco-Engineering Cell Surfaces by Exo-Enzymatic Installation of GlcNAz and LacNAz Motifs. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:629-640. [PMID: 38394345 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Exo-enzymatic glyco-engineering of cell-surface glycoconjugates enables the selective display of well-defined glyco-motifs bearing bioorthogonal functional groups, which can be used to study glycans and their interactions with glycan-binding proteins. In recent years, strategies to edit cellular glycans by installing monosaccharides and their derivatives using glycosyltransferase enzymes have rapidly expanded. However, analogous methods to introduce chemical reporter-functionalized type 2 LacNAc motifs have not been reported. Herein, we report the chemo-enzymatic synthesis of unnatural UDP-GlcNAc and UDP-GalNAc nucleotide-sugars bearing azide, alkyne, and diazirine functionalities on the C2-acetamido group using the mutant uridylyltransferase AGX1F383A. The unnatural UDP-GlcNAc derivatives were examined as substrates for the human GlcNAc-transferase B3GNT2, where it was found that modified donors were tolerated for transfer, albeit to a lesser extent than the natural UDP-GlcNAc substrate. When the GlcNAc derivatives were examined as acceptor substrates for the human Gal-transferase B4GalT1, all derivatives were well tolerated and the enzyme could successfully form derivatized LacNAcs. B3GNT2 was also used to exo-enzymatically install GlcNAc and unnatural GlcNAc derivatives on cell-surface glycans. GlcNAc- or GlcNAz-engineered cells were further extended by B4GalT1 and UDP-Gal, producing LacNAc- or LacNAz-engineered cells. Our proof-of-concept glyco-engineering labeling strategy is amenable to different cell types and our work expands the exo-enzymatic glycan editing toolbox to selectively introduce unnatural type 2 LacNAc motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie E Boddington
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Joshua M Kofsky
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 2S8, Canada
| | - Martha I Prindl
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 2S8, Canada
| | - Chantelle J Capicciotti
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 2S8, Canada
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 2V7, Canada
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12
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Schmidt EN, Macauley MS. A thicker skin for better immune evasion. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:312-313. [PMID: 38438619 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01822-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward N Schmidt
- Deparment of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew S Macauley
- Deparment of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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13
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Harsanyi S, Kianickova K, Katrlik J, Danisovic L, Ziaran S. Current look at the most promising proteomic and glycomic biomarkers of bladder cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:96. [PMID: 38372785 PMCID: PMC10876723 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05623-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer (BC) belongs to the most frequent cancer types. The diagnostic process is still long and costly, with a high percentage of false-positive or -negative results. Due to the cost and lack of effectiveness, older methods need to be supplemented or replaced by a newer more reliable method. In this regard, proteins and glycoproteins pose high potential. METHODS We performed an online search in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to find relevant studies published in English up until May 2023. If applicable, we set the AUC threshold to 0.90 and sensitivity/specificity (SN/SP) to 90%. FINDINGS Protein and glycoprotein biomarkers are a demonstrably viable option in BC diagnostics. Cholinesterase shows promise in progression-free survival. BLCA-4, ORM-1 along with HTRA1 in the detection of BC. Matrix metallopeptidase 9 exhibits potential for stratification of muscle-invasive subtypes with high negative predictive value for aggressive phenotypes. Distinguishing non-muscle invasive subtypes benefits from Keratin 17. Neu5Gc-modified UMOD glycoproteins pose potential in BC diagnosis, while fibronectin, laminin-5, collagen type IV, and lamprey immunity protein in early detection of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Harsanyi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | | | - Jaroslav Katrlik
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stanislav Ziaran
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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14
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Bermejo IA, Guerreiro A, Eguskiza A, Martínez-Sáez N, Lazaris FS, Asín A, Somovilla VJ, Compañón I, Raju TK, Tadic S, Garrido P, García-Sanmartín J, Mangini V, Grosso AS, Marcelo F, Avenoza A, Busto JH, García-Martín F, Hurtado-Guerrero R, Peregrina JM, Bernardes GJL, Martínez A, Fiammengo R, Corzana F. Structure-Guided Approach for the Development of MUC1-Glycopeptide-Based Cancer Vaccines with Predictable Responses. JACS AU 2024; 4:150-163. [PMID: 38274250 PMCID: PMC10807005 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Mucin-1 (MUC1) glycopeptides are exceptional candidates for potential cancer vaccines. However, their autoantigenic nature often results in a weak immune response. To overcome this drawback, we carefully engineered synthetic antigens with precise chemical modifications. To be effective and stimulate an anti-MUC1 response, artificial antigens must mimic the conformational dynamics of natural antigens in solution and have an equivalent or higher binding affinity to anti-MUC1 antibodies than their natural counterparts. As a proof of concept, we have developed a glycopeptide that contains noncanonical amino acid (2S,3R)-3-hydroxynorvaline. The unnatural antigen fulfills these two properties and effectively mimics the threonine-derived antigen. On the one hand, conformational analysis in water shows that this surrogate explores a landscape similar to that of the natural variant. On the other hand, the presence of an additional methylene group in the side chain of this analog compared to the threonine residue enhances a CH/π interaction in the antigen/antibody complex. Despite an enthalpy-entropy balance, this synthetic glycopeptide has a binding affinity slightly higher than that of its natural counterpart. When conjugated with gold nanoparticles, the vaccine candidate stimulates the formation of specific anti-MUC1 IgG antibodies in mice and shows efficacy comparable to that of the natural derivative. The antibodies also exhibit cross-reactivity to selectively target, for example, human breast cancer cells. This investigation relied on numerous analytical (e.g., NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography) and biophysical techniques and molecular dynamics simulations to characterize the antigen-antibody interactions. This workflow streamlines the synthetic process, saves time, and reduces the need for extensive, animal-intensive immunization procedures. These advances underscore the promise of structure-based rational design in the advance of cancer vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris A. Bermejo
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Ana Guerreiro
- Instituto
de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1649-028, Portugal
| | - Ander Eguskiza
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Nuria Martínez-Sáez
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
- Departamento
de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Foivos S. Lazaris
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Alicia Asín
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Víctor J. Somovilla
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Ismael Compañón
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Tom K. Raju
- Angiogenesis
Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical
Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Srdan Tadic
- Angiogenesis
Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical
Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Pablo Garrido
- Angiogenesis
Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical
Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Josune García-Sanmartín
- Angiogenesis
Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical
Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Mangini
- Center
for
Biomolecular Nanotechnologies@UniLe, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Arnesano, Lecce 73010, Italy
| | - Ana S. Grosso
- Applied
Molecular Biosciences Unit UCIBIO, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Filipa Marcelo
- Applied
Molecular Biosciences Unit UCIBIO, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Alberto Avenoza
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Jesús H. Busto
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Fayna García-Martín
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Ramón Hurtado-Guerrero
- Institute
of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
- Copenhagen
Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine,
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of
Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
- Fundación
ARAID, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Jesús M. Peregrina
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes
- Instituto
de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1649-028, Portugal
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Alfredo Martínez
- Angiogenesis
Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical
Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Roberto Fiammengo
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
- Center
for
Biomolecular Nanotechnologies@UniLe, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Arnesano, Lecce 73010, Italy
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
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15
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Mercanoglu B, Karstens KF, Giannou AD, Meiners J, Lücke J, Seeger P, Brackrock V, Güngör C, Izbicki JR, Bockhorn M, Hackert T, Melling N, Wolters-Eisfeld G. A Comprehensive Analysis of Tn and STn Antigen Expression in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:240. [PMID: 38254730 PMCID: PMC10814236 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Differential glycosylation, marked by the presence of truncated O-glycans, is a distinctive feature of epithelial-derived cancers. However, there is a notable gap in research regarding the expression of Tn and STn antigens in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). To address this, we employed commercially available antibodies, previously validated for Tn and STn antigens, to analyze two cohorts of EAC tissues. Initially, large-area tissue sections from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) EAC and corresponding healthy tissues were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and scoring. Subsequently, we evaluated the RNA expression levels of crucial O-glycosylation related genes-C1GALT1 and C1GALT1C1-using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). In a comprehensive analysis, a substantial cohort of EAC tissues (n = 311 for Tn antigen, n = 351 for STn antigen) was investigated and correlated with clinicopathological data. Our findings revealed that Tn and STn antigens are highly expressed (approximately 71% for both) in EAC, with this expression being tumor-specific. Notably, Tn antigen expression correlates significantly with the depth of tumor cell infiltration (p = 0.026). These antigens emerge as valuable markers and potential therapeutic targets for esophageal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Mercanoglu
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (A.D.G.); (J.L.); (C.G.); (J.R.I.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (N.M.)
| | - Karl-Frederick Karstens
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (A.D.G.); (J.L.); (C.G.); (J.R.I.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (N.M.)
| | - Anastasios D. Giannou
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (A.D.G.); (J.L.); (C.G.); (J.R.I.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (N.M.)
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Meiners
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (A.D.G.); (J.L.); (C.G.); (J.R.I.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (N.M.)
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jöran Lücke
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (A.D.G.); (J.L.); (C.G.); (J.R.I.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (N.M.)
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Seeger
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (A.D.G.); (J.L.); (C.G.); (J.R.I.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (N.M.)
| | - Vera Brackrock
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (A.D.G.); (J.L.); (C.G.); (J.R.I.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (N.M.)
| | - Cenap Güngör
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (A.D.G.); (J.L.); (C.G.); (J.R.I.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (N.M.)
| | - Jakob R. Izbicki
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (A.D.G.); (J.L.); (C.G.); (J.R.I.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (N.M.)
| | - Maximilian Bockhorn
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (A.D.G.); (J.L.); (C.G.); (J.R.I.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (N.M.)
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center Oldenburg, 26133 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (A.D.G.); (J.L.); (C.G.); (J.R.I.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (N.M.)
| | - Nathaniel Melling
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (A.D.G.); (J.L.); (C.G.); (J.R.I.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (N.M.)
| | - Gerrit Wolters-Eisfeld
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (A.D.G.); (J.L.); (C.G.); (J.R.I.); (M.B.); (T.H.); (N.M.)
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16
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Li R, Dong X, Chen S, Tan J, Chen X, Liu J, Wen T, Ru X. Tn antigen promotes breast cancer metastasis via impairment of CASC4. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:1854-1867. [PMID: 37493437 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most serious and deadly cancers in women worldwide, with distant metastases being the leading cause of death. Tn antigen, a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen, was frequently detected in breast cancer, but its exact role in breast cancer metastasis has not been well elucidated. Here we investigated the impact of Tn antigen expression on breast cancer metastasis and its underlying mechanisms. The expression of Tn antigen was induced in two breast cancer cell lines by deleting T-synthase or Cosmc, both of which are required for normal O-glycosylation. It showed that Tn-expressing cancer cells promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastatic features as compared to Tn(-) control cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that cancer susceptibility candidate 4 (CASC4), a heavily O-glycosylated protein, was significantly downregulated in both Tn(+) cells. Overexpression of CASC4 suppressed Tn-induced activation of EMT and cancer metastasis via inhibition of Cdc42 signaling. Furthermore, we confirmed that O-glycosylation is essential for the functional role of CASC4 because defective O-glycosylated CASC4 (mutant CASC4, which lacks nine O-glycosylation sites) exerted marginal metastatic-suppressing effects in comparison with WT CASC4. Collectively, these data suggest that Tn-mediated aberrant O-glycosylation contributes to breast cancer metastasis via impairment of CASC4 expression and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Li
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xichen Dong
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shibin Chen
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Tan
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wen
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Ru
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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17
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Rømer TB, Khoder-Agha F, Aasted MKM, de Haan N, Horn S, Dylander A, Zhang T, Pallesen EMH, Dabelsteen S, Wuhrer M, Høgsbro CF, Thomsen EA, Mikkelsen JG, Wandall HH. CRISPR-screen identifies ZIP9 and dysregulated Zn2+ homeostasis as a cause of cancer-associated changes in glycosylation. Glycobiology 2023; 33:700-714. [PMID: 36648436 PMCID: PMC10627246 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In epithelial cancers, truncated O-glycans, such as the Thomson-nouveau antigen (Tn) and its sialylated form (STn), are upregulated on the cell surface and associated with poor prognosis and immunological escape. Recent studies have shown that these carbohydrate epitopes facilitate cancer development and can be targeted therapeutically; however, the mechanism underpinning their expression remains unclear. METHODS To identify genes directly influencing the expression of cancer-associated O-glycans, we conducted an unbiased, positive-selection, whole-genome CRISPR knockout-screen using monoclonal antibodies against Tn and STn. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS We show that knockout of the Zn2+-transporter SLC39A9 (ZIP9), alongside the well-described targets C1GALT1 (C1GalT1) and its molecular chaperone, C1GALT1C1 (COSMC), results in surface-expression of cancer-associated O-glycans. No other gene perturbations were found to reliably induce O-glycan truncation. We furthermore show that ZIP9 knockout affects N-linked glycosylation, resulting in upregulation of oligo-mannose, hybrid-type, and α2,6-sialylated structures as well as downregulation of tri- and tetra-antennary structures. Finally, we demonstrate that accumulation of Zn2+ in the secretory pathway coincides with cell-surface presentation of truncated O-glycans in cancer tissue, and that over-expression of COSMC mitigates such changes. Collectively, the findings show that dysregulation of ZIP9 and Zn2+ induces cancer-like glycosylation on the cell surface by affecting the glycosylation machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troels Boldt Rømer
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fawzi Khoder-Agha
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Koed Møller Aasted
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Noortje de Haan
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sabrina Horn
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - August Dylander
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tao Zhang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Emil Marek Heymans Pallesen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sally Dabelsteen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Christine Flodgaard Høgsbro
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emil Aagaard Thomsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jacob Giehm Mikkelsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hans H Wandall
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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18
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Aasted MK, Groen AC, Keane JT, Dabelsteen S, Tan E, Schnabel J, Liu F, Lewis HGS, Theodoropulos C, Posey AD, Wandall HH. Targeting Solid Cancers with a Cancer-Specific Monoclonal Antibody to Surface Expressed Aberrantly O-glycosylated Proteins. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:1204-1214. [PMID: 37451822 PMCID: PMC10543972 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The lack of antibodies with sufficient cancer selectivity is currently limiting the treatment of solid tumors by immunotherapies. Most current immunotherapeutic targets are tumor-associated antigens that are also found in healthy tissues and often do not display sufficient cancer selectivity to be used as targets for potent antibody-based immunotherapeutic treatments, such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. Many solid tumors, however, display aberrant glycosylation that results in expression of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens that are distinct from healthy tissues. Targeting aberrantly glycosylated glycopeptide epitopes within existing or novel glycoprotein targets may provide the cancer selectivity needed for immunotherapy of solid tumors. However, to date only a few such glycopeptide epitopes have been targeted. Here, we used O-glycoproteomics data from multiple cell lines to identify a glycopeptide epitope in CD44v6, a cancer-associated CD44 isoform, and developed a cancer-specific mAb, 4C8, through a glycopeptide immunization strategy. 4C8 selectively binds to Tn-glycosylated CD44v6 in a site-specific manner with low nanomolar affinity. 4C8 was shown to be highly cancer specific by IHC of sections from multiple healthy and cancerous tissues. 4C8 CAR T cells demonstrated target-specific cytotoxicity in vitro and significant tumor regression and increased survival in vivo. Importantly, 4C8 CAR T cells were able to selectively kill target cells in a mixed organotypic skin cancer model having abundant CD44v6 expression without affecting healthy keratinocytes, indicating tolerability and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel K.M. Aasted
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - John T. Keane
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sally Dabelsteen
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Edwin Tan
- GO-Therapeutics, One Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Fang Liu
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hyeon-Gyu S. Lewis
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Avery D. Posey
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hans H. Wandall
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- GO-Therapeutics, One Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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19
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Mo J, Zou Y, Li BH, Li G, Zheng XJ, Liu Y, Ye XS. Tumor-Associated Extracellular Microvesicles with Fluorine-Modified Carbohydrate Antigens Trigger a Stronger Antitumor Immune Response. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:40201-40212. [PMID: 37589474 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal glycosylation is a hallmark of tumor development, and tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens are potential immune targets for tumor therapy. Tumor-associated extracellular microvesicles are subcellular vesicles released from cell membranes that have immunogenicity similar to that of precursor cells. However, unmodified tumor-derived microvesicles have weaknesses, such as low immunogenicity, poor biostability, and short half-life in vivo. For the first time, we herein generated extracellular microvesicles containing modified tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens by constructing a cell line with highly expressed antigen-processing enzymes utilizing fluorine-modified monosaccharide substrates via a metabolic oligosaccharide engineering strategy. The microvesicles were applied to tumor immunity, achieving enhanced immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy effects. Furthermore, the mechanisms of antitumor immunity were explored. Our findings may provide new insights into the adhibition of suitably modified extracellular microvesicles and the development of more effective carbohydrate-based anticancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - You Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo-Han Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Gefei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
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20
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Kudelka MR, Gu W, Matsumoto Y, Ju T, Barnes II RH, Kardish RJ, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Lehoux S, Zeng J, Cohen C, Robinson BS, Shah KS, Chaikof EL, Stowell SR, Cummings RD. Targeting altered glycosylation in secreted tumor glycoproteins for broad cancer detection. Glycobiology 2023; 33:567-578. [PMID: 37216646 PMCID: PMC10426321 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop new tumor biomarkers for early cancer detection, but the variability of tumor-derived antigens has been a limitation. Here we demonstrate a novel anti-Tn antibody microarray platform to detect Tn+ glycoproteins, a near universal antigen in carcinoma-derived glycoproteins, for broad detection of cancer. The platform uses a specific recombinant IgG1 to the Tn antigen (CD175) as a capture reagent and a recombinant IgM to the Tn antigen as a detecting reagent. These reagents were validated by immunohistochemistry in recognizing the Tn antigen using hundreds of human tumor specimens. Using this approach, we could detect Tn+ glycoproteins at subnanogram levels using cell lines and culture media, serum, and stool samples from mice engineered to express the Tn antigen in intestinal epithelial cells. The development of a general cancer detection platform using recombinant antibodies for detection of altered tumor glycoproteins expressing a unique antigen could have a significant impact on cancer detection and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Kudelka
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, United States
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Tongzhong Ju
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, United States
| | - Richard H Barnes II
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Robert J Kardish
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Sylvain Lehoux
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Junwei Zeng
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Cynthia Cohen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, United States
| | - Brian S Robinson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, United States
| | - Kinjal S Shah
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, United States
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, United States
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
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21
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Oshi M, Ziazadeh D, Wu R, Chida K, Yamada A, Yamamoto S, Narui K, Yan L, Ishikawa T, Endo I, Takabe K. GALNT1 Expression Is Associated with Angiogenesis and Is a Prognostic Biomarker for Breast Cancer in Adolescents and Young Adults (AYA). Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3489. [PMID: 37444599 PMCID: PMC10341315 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that genetic information differs amongst the adolescent and young adult population (AYA) and older patients. Although several studies on genetic information have been conducted, no current prognostic biomarker exists to help differentiate survival outcomes amongst AYA patients. The GALNT family of genes have been associated with several cancer etiologies, such as the Tn antigen and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); however, the clinical significance of GALNT1 expression in breast cancer (BC) remains unclear. We investigated the clinical relevance of GALNT1 expression in BC using two large independent cohorts. We found that, although triple-negative BC (TNBC) had the highest GALNT1 expression compared to ER-positive/HER2-negative BC, GALNT1 levels in BC were not associated with clinical aggressiveness, including histological grade, AJCC stage and N-category, and patient survival, consistently in both the METABRIC and GSE96058 cohorts. There was also no biological difference between low- and high-GALNT1 expression BC, as analyzed by hallmark gene sets via gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Further, no significant difference was found in GALNT1 expression levels among AYAs and older patients. However, high GALNT1 expression was associated with significantly worse survival in AYA patients, in both cohorts. Furthermore, high GALNT1 expression was found to be an independent factor among several clinical features, including subtype, histological grade, AJCC T and N-category, in AYA patients. In both cohorts, BC with high GALNT1 expression demonstrated low levels of CD8+ T-cell infiltration, but not other anti-cancerous or pro-cancerous immune cells. Finally, high levels of GALNT1 BC demonstrated increased EMT, angiogenesis, and protein secretion in the AYA population, but not in older patients. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that GALNT1 expression was found to be associated with angiogenesis and EMT, and may have potential as prognostic biomarker, specifically in AYA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Oshi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (M.O.); (D.Z.); (K.C.)
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (A.Y.)
| | - Danya Ziazadeh
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (M.O.); (D.Z.); (K.C.)
| | - Rongrong Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan; (R.W.); (T.I.)
| | - Kohei Chida
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (M.O.); (D.Z.); (K.C.)
| | - Akimitsu Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (A.Y.)
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan; (S.Y.); (K.N.)
| | - Kazutaka Narui
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan; (S.Y.); (K.N.)
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA;
| | - Takashi Ishikawa
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan; (R.W.); (T.I.)
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (A.Y.)
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (M.O.); (D.Z.); (K.C.)
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (A.Y.)
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan; (R.W.); (T.I.)
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8520, Japan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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22
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Pinto D, Parameswaran R. Role of Truncated O-GalNAc Glycans in Cancer Progression and Metastasis in Endocrine Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3266. [PMID: 37444377 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycans are an essential part of cells, playing a fundamental role in many pathophysiological processes such as cell differentiation, adhesion, motility, signal transduction, host-pathogen interactions, tumour cell invasion, and metastasis development. These glycans are also able to exert control over the changes in tumour immunogenicity, interfering with tumour-editing events and leading to immune-resistant cancer cells. The incomplete synthesis of O-glycans or the formation of truncated glycans such as the Tn-antigen (Thomsen nouveau; GalNAcα- Ser/Thr), its sialylated version the STn-antigen (sialyl-Tn; Neu5Acα2-6GalNAcα-Ser/Thr) and the elongated T-antigen (Thomsen-Friedenreich; Galβ1-3GalNAcα-Ser/Thr) has been shown to be associated with tumour progression and metastatic state in many human cancers. Prognosis in various human cancers is significantly poor when they dedifferentiate or metastasise. Recent studies in glycobiology have shown truncated O-glycans to be a hallmark of cancer cells, and when expressed, increase the oncogenicity by promoting dedifferentiation, risk of metastasis by impaired adhesion (mediated by selectins and integrins), and resistance to immunological killing by NK cells. Insight into these truncated glycans provides a complimentary and attractive route for cancer antigen discovery. The recent emergence of immunotherapies against cancers is predicted to harness the potential of using such agents against cancer-associated truncated glycans. In this review, we explore the role of truncated O-glycans in cancer progression and metastasis along with some recent studies on the role of O-glycans in endocrine cancers affecting the thyroid and adrenal gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diluka Pinto
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Rajeev Parameswaran
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
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23
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Ranoa DRE, Sharma P, Schane CP, Lewis AN, Valdez E, Marada VVVR, Hager MV, Montgomery W, Wolf SP, Schreiber K, Schreiber H, Bailey K, Fan TM, Hergenrother PJ, Roy EJ, Kranz DM. Single CAR-T cell treatment controls disseminated ovarian cancer in a syngeneic mouse model. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006509. [PMID: 37258040 PMCID: PMC10255004 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of some blood cancers with T cells that express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) against CD19 have shown remarkable results. In contrast, CAR-T cell efficacy against solid tumors has been difficult to achieve. METHODS To examine the potential of CAR-T cell treatments against ovarian cancers, we used the mouse ovarian cancer cell line ID8 in an intraperitoneal model that exhibits disseminated solid tumors in female C57BL/6J mice. The CAR contained a single-chain Fv from antibody 237 which recognizes a Tn-glycopeptide-antigen expressed by ID8 due to aberrant O-linked glycosylation in the absence of the transferase-dependent chaperone Cosmc. The efficacy of four Tn-dependent CARs with varying affinity to Tn antigen, and each containing CD28/CD3ζ cytoplasmic domains, were compared in vitro and in vivo in this study. RESULTS In line with many observations about the impact of aberrant O-linked glycosylation, the ID8Cosmc knock-out (ID8Cosmc-KO) exhibited more rapid tumor progression compared with wild-type ID8. Despite the enhanced tumor growth in vivo, 237 CAR and a mutant with 30-fold higher affinity, but not CARs with lower affinity, controlled advanced ID8Cosmc-KO tumors. Tumor regression could be achieved with a single intravenous dose of the CARs, but intraperitoneal administration was even more effective. The CAR-T cells persisted over a period of months, allowing CAR-treated mice to delay tumor growth in a re-challenge setting. The most effective CARs exhibited the highest affinity for antigen. Antitumor effects observed in vivo were associated with increased numbers of T cells and macrophages, and higher levels of cleaved caspase-3, in the tumor microenvironment. Notably, the least therapeutically effective CAR mediated tonic signaling leading to antigen-independent cytokine expression and it had higher levels of the immunosuppressive cytokine interleukin10. CONCLUSION The findings support the development of affinity-optimized CAR-T cells as a potential treatment for established ovarian cancer, with the most effective CARs mediating a distinct pattern of inflammatory cytokine release in vitro. Importantly, the most potent Tn-dependent CAR-T cells showed no evidence of toxicity in tumor-bearing mice in a syngeneic, immunocompetent system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rose E Ranoa
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Preeti Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Claire P Schane
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Amber N Lewis
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Edward Valdez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Venkata V V R Marada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Marlies V Hager
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Will Montgomery
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Steven P Wolf
- Department of Pathology and David and Etta Jonas Center for Cellular Therapy, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Karin Schreiber
- Department of Pathology and David and Etta Jonas Center for Cellular Therapy, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hans Schreiber
- Department of Pathology and David and Etta Jonas Center for Cellular Therapy, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Keith Bailey
- Charles River Laboratories Inc Mattawan, Mattawan, Michigan, USA
| | - Timothy M Fan
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Paul J Hergenrother
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Edward J Roy
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - David M Kranz
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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24
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Naletova I, Tomasello B, Attanasio F, Pleshkan VV. Prospects for the Use of Metal-Based Nanoparticles as Adjuvants for Local Cancer Immunotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1346. [PMID: 37242588 PMCID: PMC10222518 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is among the most effective approaches for treating cancer. One of the key aspects for successful immunotherapy is to achieve a strong and stable antitumor immune response. Modern immune checkpoint therapy demonstrates that cancer can be defeated. However, it also points out the weaknesses of immunotherapy, as not all tumors respond to therapy and the co-administration of different immunomodulators may be severely limited due to their systemic toxicity. Nevertheless, there is an established way through which to increase the immunogenicity of immunotherapy-by the use of adjuvants. These enhance the immune response without inducing such severe adverse effects. One of the most well-known and studied adjuvant strategies to improve immunotherapy efficacy is the use of metal-based compounds, in more modern implementation-metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs), which are exogenous agents that act as danger signals. Adding innate immune activation to the main action of an immunomodulator makes it capable of eliciting a robust anti-cancer immune response. The use of an adjuvant has the peculiarity of a local administration of the drug, which positively affects its safety. In this review, we will consider the use of MNPs as low-toxicity adjuvants for cancer immunotherapy, which could provide an abscopal effect when administered locally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Naletova
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research, CNR, S.S. Catania, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Barbara Tomasello
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, V.le Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Attanasio
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research, CNR, S.S. Catania, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Victor V. Pleshkan
- Gene Immunooncotherapy Group, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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25
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Chandler KB, Pavan CH, Cotto Aparicio HG, Sackstein R. Enrichment and nLC-MS/MS Analysis of Head and Neck Cancer Mucinome Glycoproteins. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:1231-1244. [PMID: 36971183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Mucin-domain glycoproteins expressed on cancer cell surfaces play central roles in cell adhesion, cancer progression, stem cell renewal, and immune evasion. Despite abundant evidence that mucin-domain glycoproteins are critical to the pathobiology of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), our knowledge of the composition of that mucinome is grossly incomplete. Here, we utilized a catalytically inactive point mutant of the enzyme StcE (StcEE447D) to capture mucin-domain glycoproteins in head and neck cancer cell line lysates followed by their characterization using sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), in-gel digestion, nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS), and enrichment analyses. We demonstrate the feasibility of this workflow for the study of mucin-domain glycoproteins in HNSCC, identify a set of mucin-domain glycoproteins common to multiple HNSCC cell lines, and report a subset of mucin-domain glycoproteins that are uniquely expressed in HSC-3 cells, a cell line derived from a highly aggressive metastatic tongue squamous cell carcinoma. This effort represents the first attempt to identify mucin-domain glycoproteins in HNSCC in an untargeted, unbiased analysis, paving the way for a more comprehensive characterization of the mucinome components that mediate aggressive tumor cell phenotypes. Data associated with this study have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the data set identifier PXD029420.
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26
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Scott E, Hodgson K, Calle B, Turner H, Cheung K, Bermudez A, Marques FJG, Pye H, Yo EC, Islam K, Oo HZ, McClurg UL, Wilson L, Thomas H, Frame FM, Orozco-Moreno M, Bastian K, Arredondo HM, Roustan C, Gray MA, Kelly L, Tolson A, Mellor E, Hysenaj G, Goode EA, Garnham R, Duxfield A, Heavey S, Stopka-Farooqui U, Haider A, Freeman A, Singh S, Johnston EW, Punwani S, Knight B, McCullagh P, McGrath J, Crundwell M, Harries L, Bogdan D, Westaby D, Fowler G, Flohr P, Yuan W, Sharp A, de Bono J, Maitland NJ, Wisnovsky S, Bertozzi CR, Heer R, Guerrero RH, Daugaard M, Leivo J, Whitaker H, Pitteri S, Wang N, Elliott DJ, Schumann B, Munkley J. Upregulation of GALNT7 in prostate cancer modifies O-glycosylation and promotes tumour growth. Oncogene 2023; 42:926-937. [PMID: 36725887 PMCID: PMC10020086 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02604-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men and it is estimated that over 350,000 men worldwide die of prostate cancer every year. There remains an unmet clinical need to improve how clinically significant prostate cancer is diagnosed and develop new treatments for advanced disease. Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer implicated in tumour growth, metastasis, and immune evasion. One of the key drivers of aberrant glycosylation is the dysregulated expression of glycosylation enzymes within the cancer cell. Here, we demonstrate using multiple independent clinical cohorts that the glycosyltransferase enzyme GALNT7 is upregulated in prostate cancer tissue. We show GALNT7 can identify men with prostate cancer, using urine and blood samples, with improved diagnostic accuracy than serum PSA alone. We also show that GALNT7 levels remain high in progression to castrate-resistant disease, and using in vitro and in vivo models, reveal that GALNT7 promotes prostate tumour growth. Mechanistically, GALNT7 can modify O-glycosylation in prostate cancer cells and correlates with cell cycle and immune signalling pathways. Our study provides a new biomarker to aid the diagnosis of clinically significant disease and cements GALNT7-mediated O-glycosylation as an important driver of prostate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Scott
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Kirsty Hodgson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Beatriz Calle
- The Chemical Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT, London, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ, London, UK
| | - Helen Turner
- Cellular Pathology, The Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Kathleen Cheung
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Abel Bermudez
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Fernando Jose Garcia Marques
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Hayley Pye
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Charles Bell House, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Edward Christopher Yo
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Khirul Islam
- Department of Life Technologies, Division of Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Htoo Zarni Oo
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Urszula L McClurg
- Institute for Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Laura Wilson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Huw Thomas
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Fiona M Frame
- Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Margarita Orozco-Moreno
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Kayla Bastian
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Hector M Arredondo
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Chloe Roustan
- Structural Biology Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT, London, UK
| | - Melissa Anne Gray
- Sarafan Chem-H and Departemnt of Chemistry, Stanford University, 424 Santa Teresa St, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lois Kelly
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Aaron Tolson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ellie Mellor
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Gerald Hysenaj
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Emily Archer Goode
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Rebecca Garnham
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Adam Duxfield
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Susan Heavey
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Charles Bell House, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Urszula Stopka-Farooqui
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Charles Bell House, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Aiman Haider
- Department of Pathology, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alex Freeman
- Department of Pathology, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Saurabh Singh
- UCL Centre for Medical Imaging, Charles Bell House, University College London, London, UK
| | - Edward W Johnston
- UCL Centre for Medical Imaging, Charles Bell House, University College London, London, UK
| | - Shonit Punwani
- UCL Centre for Medical Imaging, Charles Bell House, University College London, London, UK
| | - Bridget Knight
- NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Paul McCullagh
- Department of Pathology, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - John McGrath
- Exeter Surgical Health Services Research Unit, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Malcolm Crundwell
- Exeter Surgical Health Services Research Unit, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Lorna Harries
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Denisa Bogdan
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Daniel Westaby
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Gemma Fowler
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Penny Flohr
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Wei Yuan
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Adam Sharp
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Johann de Bono
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Norman J Maitland
- Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Simon Wisnovsky
- University of British Columbia, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 424 Santa Teresa St, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rakesh Heer
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Ramon Hurtado Guerrero
- University of Zaragoza, Mariano Esquillor s/n, Campus Rio Ebro, Edificio I+D, Zaragoza, Spain; Fundación ARAID, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Daugaard
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Janne Leivo
- Department of Life Technologies, Division of Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Hayley Whitaker
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Charles Bell House, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sharon Pitteri
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Ning Wang
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David J Elliott
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Benjamin Schumann
- The Chemical Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT, London, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK.
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27
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Li J, Li X, Guan F. What are the diagnostic capabilities of glycans for breast cancer? Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:1-7. [PMID: 36705933 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2173577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Guan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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28
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Marciel MP, Haldar B, Hwang J, Bhalerao N, Bellis SL. Role of tumor cell sialylation in pancreatic cancer progression. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 157:123-155. [PMID: 36725107 PMCID: PMC11342334 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest malignancies and is currently the third leading cause of cancer death. The aggressiveness of PDAC stems from late diagnosis, early metastasis, and poor efficacy of current chemotherapies. Thus, there is an urgent need for effective biomarkers for early detection of PDAC and development of new therapeutic strategies. It has long been known that cellular glycosylation is dysregulated in pancreatic cancer cells, however, tumor-associated glycans and their cognate glycosylating enzymes have received insufficient attention as potential clinical targets. Aberrant glycosylation affects a broad range of pathways that underpin tumor initiation, metastatic progression, and resistance to cancer treatment. One of the prevalent alterations in the cancer glycome is an enrichment in a select group of sialylated glycans including sialylated, branched N-glycans, sialyl Lewis antigens, and sialylated forms of truncated O-glycans such as the sialyl Tn antigen. These modifications affect the activity of numerous cell surface receptors, which collectively impart malignant characteristics typified by enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis-resistance. Additionally, sialic acids on tumor cells engage inhibitory Siglec receptors on immune cells to dampen anti-tumor immunity, further promoting cancer progression. The goal of this review is to summarize the predominant changes in sialylation occurring in pancreatic cancer, the biological functions of sialylated glycoproteins in cancer pathogenesis, and the emerging strategies for targeting sialoglycans and Siglec receptors in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Marciel
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Barnita Haldar
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jihye Hwang
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Nikita Bhalerao
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Susan L Bellis
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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29
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Olejnik B, Ferens-Sieczkowska M. Seminal Plasma Glycoproteins as Potential Ligands of Lectins Engaged in Immunity Regulation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10489. [PMID: 36078205 PMCID: PMC9518496 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution, chronic stress, and unhealthy lifestyle are factors that negatively affect reproductive potential. Currently, 15-20% of couples in industrialized countries face the problem of infertility. This growing health and social problem prompts researchers to explore the regulatory mechanisms that may be important for successful fertilization. In recent years, more attention has been paid to male infertility factors, including the impact of seminal plasma components on regulation of the female immune response to allogenic sperm, embryo and fetal antigens. Directing this response to the tolerogenic pathway is crucial to achieve a healthy pregnancy. According to the fetoembryonic defense hypothesis, the regulatory mechanism may be associated with the interaction of lectins and immunomodulatory glycoepitopes. Such interactions may involve lectins of dendritic cells and macrophages, recruited to the cervical region immediately after intercourse. Carbohydrate binding receptors include C type lectins, such as DC-SIGN and MGL, as well as galectins and siglecs among others. In this article we discuss the expression of the possible lectin ligands, highly fucosylated and high mannose structures, which may be recognized by DC-SIGN, glycans of varying degrees of sialylation, which may differ in their interaction with siglecs, as well as T and Tn antigens in O-glycans.
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30
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González-Ramírez AM, Grosso AS, Yang Z, Compañón I, Coelho H, Narimatsu Y, Clausen H, Marcelo F, Corzana F, Hurtado-Guerrero R. Structural basis for the synthesis of the core 1 structure by C1GalT1. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2398. [PMID: 35504880 PMCID: PMC9065035 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29833-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
C1GalT1 is an essential inverting glycosyltransferase responsible for synthesizing the core 1 structure, a common precursor for mucin-type O-glycans found in many glycoproteins. To date, the structure of C1GalT1 and the details of substrate recognition and catalysis remain unknown. Through biophysical and cellular studies, including X-ray crystallography of C1GalT1 complexed to a glycopeptide, we report that C1GalT1 is an obligate GT-A fold dimer that follows a SN2 mechanism. The binding of the glycopeptides to the enzyme is mainly driven by the GalNAc moiety while the peptide sequence provides optimal kinetic and binding parameters. Interestingly, to achieve glycosylation, C1GalT1 recognizes a high-energy conformation of the α-GalNAc-Thr linkage, negligibly populated in solution. By imposing this 3D-arrangement on that fragment, characteristic of α-GalNAc-Ser peptides, C1GalT1 ensures broad glycosylation of both acceptor substrates. These findings illustrate a structural and mechanistic blueprint to explain glycosylation of multiple acceptor substrates, extending the repertoire of mechanisms adopted by glycosyltransferases. The glycosyltransferase C1GalT1 directs a key step in protein O-glycosylation important for the expression of the cancer-associated Tn and T antigens. Here, the authors provide molecular insights into the function of C1GalT1 by solving the crystal structure of the Drosophila enzyme-substrate complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Manuel González-Ramírez
- Institute of Biocompuation and Physics of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, Mariano Esquillor s/n, Campus Rio Ebro, Edificio I+D, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Sofia Grosso
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.,UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Zhang Yang
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Ismael Compañón
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, E-26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - Helena Coelho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.,UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Yoshiki Narimatsu
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Filipa Marcelo
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.,UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, E-26006, Logroño, Spain.
| | - Ramon Hurtado-Guerrero
- Institute of Biocompuation and Physics of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, Mariano Esquillor s/n, Campus Rio Ebro, Edificio I+D, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain. .,Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark. .,Fundación ARAID, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain.
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31
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de Haan N, Narimatsu Y, Koed Møller Aasted M, Larsen ISB, Marinova IN, Dabelsteen S, Vakhrushev SY, Wandall HH. In-Depth Profiling of O-Glycan Isomers in Human Cells Using C18 Nanoliquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Glycogenomics. Anal Chem 2022; 94:4343-4351. [PMID: 35245040 PMCID: PMC8928149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
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O-Glycosylation is an omnipresent modification
of the human proteome affecting many cellular functions, including
protein cleavage, protein folding, and cellular signaling, interactions,
and trafficking. The functions are governed by differentially regulated O-glycan types and terminal structures. It is therefore
essential to develop analytical methods that facilitate the annotation
of O-glycans in biological material. While various
successful strategies for the in-depth profiling of released O-glycans have been reported, these methods are often limitedly
accessible to the nonspecialist or challenged by the high abundance
of O-glycan structural isomers. Here, we developed
a high-throughput sample preparation approach for the nonreductive
release and characterization of O-glycans from human
cell material. Reducing-end labeling allowed efficient isomer separation
and detection using C18 nanoliquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap
mass spectrometry. Using the method in combination with a library
of genetically glycoengineered cells displaying defined O-glycan types and structures, we were able to annotate individual O-glycan structural isomers from a complex mixture. Applying
the method in a model system of human keratinocytes, we found a wide
variety of O-glycan structures, including O-fucose, O-glucose, O-GlcNAc, and O-GalNAc glycosylation, with the latter
carrying both elongated core1 and core2 structures and varying numbers
of fucoses and sialic acids. The method, including the now well-characterized
standards, provides the opportunity to study glycomic changes in human
tissue and disease models using rather mainstream analytical equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noortje de Haan
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Yoshiki Narimatsu
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | | | - Ida S B Larsen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Irina N Marinova
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Sally Dabelsteen
- Department of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Sergey Y Vakhrushev
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Hans H Wandall
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
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32
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OUP accepted manuscript. Glycobiology 2022; 32:556-579. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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