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Deng M, Li X, Shi D, Fan Q, Zhang H, Wang Z, Wang Y, Xiao Z. iTRAQ-Based Serum Proteomic Analysis Reveals Multifactorial Cellular Function Impairment and Aggravated Systematic Inflammation in Drug-free Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:3053-3063. [PMID: 39120470 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating mental disorder with obvious difficulties in treatment. Its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Further understanding of etiology and mechanism needs to be explored further. We employed the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomic analysis to compare serum proteome profile between OCD patients and healthy controls, in order to find out the possible mechanism of OCD in the downstream biological process. Eighty-one drug-free OCD patients and 78 healthy controls were enrolled. A total of 475 proteins were identified. Totally, 80 proteins with p < 0.05 were selected for gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and only those with a fold change ≥1.2 and q value <0.2 between groups were accepted as differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). We observed a significant enrichment of immuno-inflammation-related pathways, along with intriguing expression trends that immuno-inflammation-related proteins were upregulated in GSEA. After that, 2 up-regulated proteins and 13 down-regulated ones were accepted as DEP. According to the available literature, most of the DEPs have not been reported in OCD. These DEPs were enriched in 121 gene ontology (GO) terms, including hepatocyte growth factor receptor activity, angiogenin-PRI complex, and so on. DEPs were enriched in pathways including adherens junction in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. Alterations in DEPs including STXBP5L, GRN, and ANG were validated in OCD animal models. Our study suggested that OCD patients manifested multifactorial impairment in neuronal or non-neuronal cellular function under the inflammatory background. Further research employing larger sample sizes, longitudinal design, stratified analysis, and multiomics methodology will be needed. Experiments in laboratories were essential in illuminating the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaohan Deng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xia Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Dongdong Shi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Qing Fan
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Haiyin Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zeping Xiao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
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Liu H, Shi K, Wei Z, Zhang Y, Li J. T cell-mediated tumor killing based signature to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy for glioblastoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31207. [PMID: 38813229 PMCID: PMC11133811 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the significant advancements in cancer treatment brought by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), their effectiveness in treating glioblastoma (GBM) remains highly dissatisfactory. Immunotherapy relies on the fundamental concept of T cell-mediated tumor killing (TTK). Nevertheless, additional investigation is required to explore its potential in prognostic prediction and regulation of tumor microenvironment (TME) in GBM. TTK sensitivity related genes (referred to as GSTTKs) were obtained from the TISIDB. The training cohort was available from the TCGA-GBM, while the independent validation group was gathered from GEO database. Firstly, we examined differentially expressed GSTTKs (DEGs) with limma package. Afterwards, the prognostic DEGs were identified and the TTK signature was established with univariate and LASSO Cox analyses. Next, we examined the correlation between the TTK signature and outcome of GBM as well as immune phenotypes of TME. Furthermore, the evaluation of TTK signature in predicting the effectiveness of immunotherapy has also been conducted. We successfully developed a TTK signature with an independent predictive value. Patients who had a high score experienced a worse prognosis compared to patients with low scores. The TTK signature showed a strong positive association with the infiltration degree of immunocyte and the presence of various immune checkpoints. Moreover, individuals with a lower score exhibited increased responsiveness to ICIs and experienced improved prognosis. In conclusions, we successfully developed and verified a TTK signature that has the ability to predict the outcome and immune characteristics of GBM. Furthermore, the TTK signature has the potential to direct the personalized immunotherapy for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Yiluo Hospital of Luoyang, The Teaching Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Kangke Shi
- Department of Pathology, The Yiluo Hospital of Luoyang, The Teaching Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhihao Wei
- Department of Pathology, The Yiluo Hospital of Luoyang, The Teaching Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Yiluo Hospital of Luoyang, The Teaching Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jiaqiong Li
- Department of Pathology, The Yiluo Hospital of Luoyang, The Teaching Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Mao M, Chen W, Ye D. Research progress on the structure, function, and use of angiogenin in malignant tumours. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30654. [PMID: 38756602 PMCID: PMC11096933 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiogenin (ANG) is a specialised secreted ribonuclease, also known as RNase5, that is widely expressed in vertebrates. ANG dysregulation is closely associated with the development of breast, nasopharyngeal, and lung cancers. In recent years, studies have found that ANG not only induces neovascularisation by activating endothelial cells, but also plays a regulatory role in the plasticity of cancer cells. Cellular plasticity plays pivotal roles in cancer initiation, progression, migration, therapeutic resistance, and relapse. Therefore, it is a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognostic evaluation, and therapy. This review summarises the current knowledge regarding the roles and clinical applications of ANG in cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwen Mao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo No.6 Hospital Affiliated Medical School of Ningbo University, 315040, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, 315040, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weina Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Yinzhou Integrated TCM & Western Medicine Hospital, 315040, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, 315040, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Carter T, Valenzuela RK, Yerukala Sathipati S, Medina-Flores R. Gene signatures associated with prognosis and chemotherapy resistance in glioblastoma treated with temozolomide. Front Genet 2023; 14:1320789. [PMID: 38259614 PMCID: PMC10802164 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1320789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) prognosis remains extremely poor despite standard treatment that includes temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. To discover new GBM drug targets and biomarkers, genes signatures associated with survival and TMZ resistance in GBM patients treated with TMZ were identified. Methods: GBM cases in The Cancer Genome Atlas who received TMZ (n = 221) were stratified into subgroups that differed by median overall survival (mOS) using network-based stratification to cluster patients whose somatic mutations affected genes in similar modules of a gene interaction network. Gene signatures formed from differentially mutated genes in the subgroup with the longest mOS were used to confirm their association with survival and TMZ resistance in independent datasets. Somatic mutations in these genes also were assessed for an association with OS in an independent group of 37 GBM cases. Results: Among the four subgroups identified, subgroup four (n = 71 subjects) exhibited the longest mOS at 18.3 months (95% confidence interval: 16.2, 34.1; p = 0.0324). Subsets of the 86 genes that were differentially mutated in this subgroup formed 20-gene and 8-gene signatures that predicted OS in two independent datasets (Spearman's rho of 0.64 and 0.58 between actual and predicted OS; p < 0.001). Patients with mutations in five of the 86 genes had longer OS in a small, independent sample of 37 GBM cases, but this association did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.07). Thirty-one of the 86 genes formed signatures that distinguished TMZ-resistant GBM samples from controls in three independent datasets (area under the curve ≥ 0.75). The prognostic and TMZ-resistance signatures had eight genes in common (ANG, BACH1, CDKN2C, HMGA1, IFI16, PADI4, SDF4, and TP53INP1). The latter three genes have not been associated with GBM previously. Conclusion: PADI4, SDF4, and TP53INP1 are novel therapy and biomarker candidates for GBM. Further investigation of their oncologic functions may provide new insight into GBM treatment resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonia Carter
- Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, United States
| | - Robert K. Valenzuela
- Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, United States
| | | | - Rafael Medina-Flores
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, WI, United States
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Dai L, Shen KF, Zhang CQ. Plexin-mediated neuronal development and neuroinflammatory responses in the nervous system. Histol Histopathol 2023; 38:1239-1248. [PMID: 37170703 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Plexins are a large family of single-pass transmembrane proteins that mediate semaphorin signaling in multiple systems. Plexins were originally characterized for their role modulating cytoskeletal activity to regulate axon guidance during nervous system development. Thereafter, different semaphorin-plexin complexes were identified in the nervous system that have diverse functions in neurons, astrocytes, glia, oligodendrocytes, and brain derived-tumor cells, providing unexpected but meaningful insights into the biological activities of this protein family. Here, we review the overall structure and relevant downstream signaling cascades of plexins. We consider the current knowledge regarding the function of semaphorin-plexin cascades in the nervous system, including the most recent data regarding their roles in neuronal development, neuroinflammation, and glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Dai
- Center for Neurointelligence, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai-Feng Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Wang J, Shan A, Shi F, Zheng Q. Molecular and clinical characterization of ANG expression in gliomas and its association with tumor-related immune response. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1044402. [PMID: 37928479 PMCID: PMC10621067 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1044402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Angiogenin (ANG) has been widely reported as a crucial molecular regulator in multiple malignancies. However, its role in gliomagenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the molecular and clinical characterization of ANG expression at transcriptome level and the association with glioma-related immune response. Methods A total of 301 glioma samples with mRNA microarray data (CGGA301) was obtained from the official website of CGGA project for yielding preliminary results, followed by validation in two independent RNAseq datasets, including TCGA with 697 samples and CGGA325 with 325 patients. Moreover, CGGA single-cell RNAseq (scRNAseq) data were analyzed to identify differential and dynamic ANG expression in different cells. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate ANG protein expression across different WHO grades in a tissue microarray (TMA). Figure generation and statistical analysis were conducted using R software. Results ANG expression was associated with clinical features, malignant phenotypes, and genomic alterations. Based on significantly correlated genes of ANG, subsequent gene ontology (GO) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) concordantly pointed to the significant association of ANG in immune-related biological processes. Moreover, ANG showed robust correlations with canonical immune checkpoint molecules, including PD1 signaling, CTLA4, TIM3, and B7H3. Gene sets variation analysis (GSVA) found that ANG was particularly associated with activities of macrophages and antigen presentation cells (APCs) in both LGG and GBM across different datasets. Furthermore, the higher-ANG milieu seemed to recruit monocyte-macrophage lineage and dendritic cells into the glioma microenvironment. According to scRNAseq analysis, ANG was mainly expressed by neoplastic cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and was correlated with the initiation and progression of tumor cells and the polarization of TAMs. Finally, Kaplan-Meier plots demonstrated that higher expression of ANG was significantly correlated with shorter survival in gliomas. Cox regression analysis further confirmed ANG as an independent predictor of prognosis for gliomas of all three datasets. Conclusion ANG is significantly correlated with a range of malignant and aggressive characteristics in gliomas and reveals considerable prognostic value for glioma patients. ANG seems to be primarily associated with immune activities of macrophages and APCs in gliomas. Furthermore, ANG is mainly expressed in neoplastic cells and TAMs and is involved in the initiation and progression of neoplastic cells as well as macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Aijun Shan
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fei Shi
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qijun Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
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Zeng HL, Li H, Yang Q, Li CX. Transcriptomic Characterization of Copper-Binding Proteins for Predicting Prognosis in Glioma. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1460. [PMID: 37891828 PMCID: PMC10605646 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper and copper-binding proteins are key components of tumor progression as they play important roles in tumor invasion and migration, but their associations in gliomas remain unclear. METHODS Transcriptomic datasets of glioblastoma, low-grade glioma, and normal brain cortex were derived from the TCGA and GTEX databases. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of copper-binding proteins were screened and used to construct a prognostic model based on COX and LASSO regression, which was further validated by the CGGA datasets. The expressions of risk-model genes were selectively confirmed via anatomic feature-based expression analysis and immunohistochemistry. The risk score was stratified by age, gender, WHO grade, IDH1 mutation, MGMT promoter methylation, and 1p/19q codeletion status, and a nomogram was constructed and validated. RESULTS A total of 21 DEGs of copper-binding proteins were identified and a six-gene risk-score model was constructed, consisting of ANG, F5, IL1A, LOXL1, LOXL2, and STEAP3, which accurately predicted 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates, with the AUC values of 0.87, 0.88, and 0.82, respectively. The high-risk group had a significantly shorter OS (p < 0.0001) and was associated with old age, wild-type IDH1, a high WHO grade, an unmethylated MGMT promoter, and 1p/19q non-codeletion and had higher levels of immune cell infiltration, cancer-immunity suppressor, and immune checkpoint gene expression as well as a higher TMB. CONCLUSIONS The model based on the genes of copper-binding proteins could contribute to prognosis prediction and provide potential targets against gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Long Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
| | - Huijun Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China;
| | - Chao-Xi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
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Lu H, Pan Y, Ruan Y, Zhu C, Hassan HM, Gao J, Gao J, Fan L, Liang X, Wang H, Ying S, Chen Q. Biomarker Discovery for Early Diagnosis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Using High-Throughput Enhanced Quantitative Plasma Proteomics. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:3200-3212. [PMID: 37624590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of thyroid cancer (TC) has been increasing over the last 50 years worldwide. A higher rate of overdiagnosis in indolent thyroid lesions has resulted in unnecessary treatment. An accurate detection of TC at an early stage is highly demanded. We aim to develop an enhanced isobaric labeling-based high-throughput plasma quantitative proteomics to identify biomarkers in a discovery cohort. Selected candidates were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the training cohort and validation cohort. In total, 1063 proteins were quantified, and 129 proteins were differentially expressed between patients and healthy subjects. Serum levels of ISG15 and PLXNB2 were significantly elevated in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) or thyroid adenoma, compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.001) and patients with nodular goiter (p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of combined markers (ISG15 and PLXNB2) significantly distinguished PTC from healthy control (HC) subjects. Similar differentiations were also found between thyroid adenoma and HC subjects. Notably, this combined marker could distinguish stage-I PTC from HC subjects (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.872). Our results revealed that ISG15 and PLXNB2 are independent diagnostic biomarkers for PTC and thyroid adenoma, showing a promising value for the early detection of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Lu
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yin Pan
- Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yanyun Ruan
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Chumeng Zhu
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Hozeifa M Hassan
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Junshun Gao
- Hangzhou Cosmos Wisdom Mass Spectrometry Center of Zhejiang University Medical School, 198 Qidi Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311202, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, 198 Qidi Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311202, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Junli Gao
- Hangzhou Cosmos Wisdom Mass Spectrometry Center of Zhejiang University Medical School, 198 Qidi Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311202, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, 198 Qidi Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311202, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Lilong Fan
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xi Liang
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Hangzhou Cosmos Wisdom Mass Spectrometry Center of Zhejiang University Medical School, 198 Qidi Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311202, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, 198 Qidi Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311202, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Shenpeng Ying
- Department of Radiotherapy, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 999 Donghai Avenue, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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Guo Z, Guo D, Kong D, Bian S, Zhao L, Li Q, Lin L, Hao J, Sun L, Li Y. Expression analysis, clinical significance and potential function of PLXNB2 in acute myeloid leukaemia. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8445-8457. [PMID: 37632633 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08721-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The overall survival (OS) rate of adult patients suffering from acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) remains unsatisfactory at less than 40%. Current risk stratification systems fail to provide accurate guidelines for precise treatment. Novel biomarkers for predicting prognosis are urgently needed. Plexin B2 (PLXNB2), a functional receptor of angiogenin (ANG), has been found to be aberrantly expressed in multitudinous tumours. We detected overexpression of PLXNB2 mRNA in AML via transcriptome microarray analysis. This study aims to explore the potential role of PLXNB2 as a biomarker of prognosis and a prospective target of AML. METHODS qRT‒PCR was conducted to verify the expression of PLXNB2 mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells from AML patients. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining were performed and confirmed increased expression of PLXNB2 protein in AML bone marrow tissues. Data on PLXNB2 expression, prognosis and clinical features were accessed from multiple bioinformatic databases, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Genes coexpressed and correlated with PLXNB2 were identified and analysed in the TCGA AML cohort. Metascape was applied for functional and pathway enrichment analysis of genes related to PLXNB2. Small molecular agents and traditional Chinese medicines potentially targeting genes related to PLXNB2 were screened via the Connectivity Map, TCMSP and HIT databases. RESULTS PLXNB2 mRNA and protein levels are higher in AML samples than in normal controls. Overexpression of PLXNB2 is associated with worse OS in AML. Patients with high PLXNB2 expression might benefit more from haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) (indicated by prolonged OS) than those with only chemotherapy treatment. Differentially expressed genes between the high and low PLXNB2 expression groups were overlapped with PLXNB2-coexpressed genes, and genes that overlapped were enriched in immune functions, endothelial cell regulation and cell interaction gene sets, indicating the potential function of PLXNB2 in AML. A total of 36 hub genes were identified from the differentially expressed genes, and MRC1, IL10, CD163 and CCL22 had significant prognostic value for AML. Analysis of the connectivity map and traditional agents revealed that honokiol, morphines, triptolide and paeoniflorin could be potential treatment regimens. CONCLUSIONS The overexpression of PLXNB2 is an adverse prognostic factor in adult AML patients and could be used as a potential biomarker. PLXNB2 might exert an oncogenic role by modulating immune functions, endothelial cell functions and cell interactions. AML patients with high PLXNB2 expression could benefit more from HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Guo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dan Guo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Desheng Kong
- Department of Hematology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Sicheng Bian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Institute of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Linlin Zhao
- Department of Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Leilei Lin
- Department of Hematology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Jiali Hao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lili Sun
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yinghua Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Toledano S, Neufeld G. Plexins as Regulators of Cancer Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasivity. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4046. [PMID: 37627074 PMCID: PMC10452846 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plexins are a family of nine single-pass transmembrane receptors with a conserved GTPase activating protein (GAP) domain. The plexin family is divided into four subfamilies: Type-A, type-B, type-C, and type-D plexins. Plexins function as receptors for axon guidance factors of the semaphorin family. The semaphorin gene family contains 22 genes that are divided into eight subclasses of which subclasses three to seven represent vertebrate semaphorins. The plexins and their semaphorin ligands have important roles as regulators of angiogenesis, cancer proliferation, and metastasis. Class 3 semaphorins, with the exception of sema3E, are the only semaphorins that do not bind directly to plexins. In order to transduce their signals, they bind instead to complexes consisting of receptors of the neuropilin family and various plexins. Some plexins also form complexes with tyrosine-kinase receptors such as the epidermal growth factor receptor ErbB2, the mesenchymal epithelial transition factor receptor (MET), and the Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and, as a result, can modulate cell proliferation and tumor progression. This review focuses on the roles of the different plexins in the control of cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness. Plexins also affect tumor progression and tumor metastasis by indirect mechanisms, such as modulation of angiogenesis and immune responses. However, these topics are not covered in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gera Neufeld
- The Cancer Research Center, The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3109602, Israel;
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11
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Brundu S, Napolitano V, Franzolin G, Lo Cascio E, Mastrantonio R, Sardo G, Cascardi E, Verginelli F, Sarnataro S, Gambardella G, Pisacane A, Arcovito A, Boccaccio C, Comoglio PM, Giraudo E, Tamagnone L. Mutated axon guidance gene PLXNB2 sustains growth and invasiveness of stem cells isolated from cancers of unknown primary. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e16104. [PMID: 36722641 PMCID: PMC9994481 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic changes sustaining the development of cancers of unknown primary (CUP) remain elusive. The whole-exome genomic profiling of 14 rigorously selected CUP samples did not reveal specific recurring mutation in known driver genes. However, by comparing the mutational landscape of CUPs with that of most other human tumor types, it emerged a consistent enrichment of changes in genes belonging to the axon guidance KEGG pathway. In particular, G842C mutation of PlexinB2 (PlxnB2) was predicted to be activating. Indeed, knocking down the mutated, but not the wild-type, PlxnB2 in CUP stem cells resulted in the impairment of self-renewal and proliferation in culture, as well as tumorigenic capacity in mice. Conversely, the genetic transfer of G842C-PlxnB2 was sufficient to promote CUP stem cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in mice. Notably, G842C-PlxnB2 expression in CUP cells was associated with basal EGFR phosphorylation, and EGFR blockade impaired the viability of CUP cells reliant on the mutated receptor. Moreover, the mutated PlxnB2 elicited CUP cell invasiveness, blocked by EGFR inhibitor treatment. In sum, we found that a novel activating mutation of the axon guidance gene PLXNB2 sustains proliferative autonomy and confers invasive properties to stem cells isolated from cancers of unknown primary, in EGFR-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Virginia Napolitano
- Department of Life Sciences and Public HealthUniversità Cattolica del Sacro CuoreRomeItaly
| | | | - Ettore Lo Cascio
- Department of Biotechnological Sciences and Intensive CareUniversità Cattolica del Sacro CuoreRomeItaly
| | - Roberta Mastrantonio
- Department of Life Sciences and Public HealthUniversità Cattolica del Sacro CuoreRomeItaly
| | | | - Eliano Cascardi
- Candiolo Cancer InstituteFPO‐IRCCSTurinItaly
- Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | | | | | - Gennaro Gambardella
- Telethon Institute of Genetic and MedicinePozzuoliItaly
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | | | - Alessandro Arcovito
- Department of Biotechnological Sciences and Intensive CareUniversità Cattolica del Sacro CuoreRomeItaly
- Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli (FPG) – IRCCSRomeItaly
| | - Carla Boccaccio
- Candiolo Cancer InstituteFPO‐IRCCSTurinItaly
- Department of OncologyUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | | | - Enrico Giraudo
- Candiolo Cancer InstituteFPO‐IRCCSTurinItaly
- Department of Science and Drug TechnologyUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Luca Tamagnone
- Department of Life Sciences and Public HealthUniversità Cattolica del Sacro CuoreRomeItaly
- Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli (FPG) – IRCCSRomeItaly
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12
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Zhou Y, Guo S, Botchway BOA, Zhang Y, Jin T, Liu X. Muscone Can Improve Spinal Cord Injury by Activating the Angiogenin/Plexin-B2 Axis. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:5891-5901. [PMID: 35809154 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02948-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological disorder that usually damages sensorimotor and autonomic functions. Signaling pathways can play a key role in the repair process of SCI. The plexin-B2 acts as a receptor for angiogenin and mediates ribosomal RNA transcription, influencing cell survival and proliferation. Protein kinase B serine/threonine kinase interacts with angiogenin to form a positive feedback effect. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor can induce angiogenin nuclear translocation. Moreover, the BDNF can promote the secretion of angiogenin. Interestingly, all of them can activate the angiogenin/plexin-B2 axis. Muscone has anti-inflammatory and proliferative features as it can inhibit nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and activate the angiogenin/plexin-B2 axis, thus being significant agent in the SCI repair process. Herein, we review the potential mechanism of angiogenin/plexin-B2 axis activation and the role of muscone in SCI treatment. Muscone may attenuate inflammatory responses and promote neuronal regeneration after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Shitian Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Benson O A Botchway
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Tian Jin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Xuehong Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing, 312000, China.
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