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Li T, Guo L, Li J, Mu X, Liu L, Song S, Luo N, Zhang Q, Zheng B, Jin G. Precision USPIO-PEG-SLe x Nanotheranostic Agent Targeted Photothermal Therapy for Enhanced Anti-PD-L1 Immunotherapy to Treat Immunotherapy Resistance. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1249-1272. [PMID: 38348177 PMCID: PMC10859766 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s445879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The anti-Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (termed aPD-L1) immune checkpoint blockade therapy has emerged as a promising treatment approach for various advanced solid tumors. However, the effect of aPD-L1 inhibitors limited by the tumor microenvironment makes most patients exhibit immunotherapy resistance. Methods We conjugated the Sialyl Lewis X with a polyethylene glycol-coated ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO-PEG) to form UPS nanoparticles (USPIO-PEG-SLex, termed UPS). The physicochemical properties of UPS were tested and characterized. Transmission electron microscopy and ICP-OES were used to observe the cellular uptake and targeting ability of UPS. Flow cytometry, mitochondrial membrane potential staining, live-dead staining and scratch assay were used to verify the in vitro photothermal effect of UPS, and the stimulation of UPS on immune-related pathways at the gene level was analyzed by sequencing. Biological safety analysis and pharmacokinetic analysis of UPS were performed. Finally, the amplification effect of UPS-mediated photothermal therapy on aPD-L1-mediated immunotherapy and the corresponding mechanism were studied. Results In vitro experiments showed that UPS had strong photothermal therapy ability and was able to stimulate 5 immune-related pathways. In vivo, when the PTT assisted aPD-L1 treatment, it exhibited a significant increase in CD4+ T cell infiltration by 14.46-fold and CD8+ T cell infiltration by 14.79-fold, along with elevated secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma, comparing with alone aPD-L1. This PTT assisted aPD-L1 therapy achieved a significant inhibition of both primary tumors and distant tumors compared to the alone aPD-L1, demonstrating a significant difference. Conclusion The nanotheranostic agent UPS has been introduced into immunotherapy, which has effectively broadened its application in biomedicine. This photothermal therapeutic approach of the UPS nanotheranostic agent enhancing the efficacy of aPD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy, can be instructive to address the challenges associated with immunotherapy resistance, thereby offering potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Radiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lianshan Guo
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530007, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxu Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Graduate School, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingyu Mu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shulin Song
- Department of Radiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningbin Luo
- Department of Radiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanqiao Jin
- Department of Radiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
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Lasser SA, Ozbay Kurt FG, Arkhypov I, Utikal J, Umansky V. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer and cancer therapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:147-164. [PMID: 38191922 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00846-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Anticancer agents continue to dominate the list of newly approved drugs, approximately half of which are immunotherapies. This trend illustrates the considerable promise of cancer treatments that modulate the immune system. However, the immune system is complex and dynamic, and can have both tumour-suppressive and tumour-promoting effects. Understanding the full range of immune modulation in cancer is crucial to identifying more effective treatment strategies. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of myeloid cells that develop in association with chronic inflammation, which is a hallmark of cancer. Indeed, MDSCs accumulate in the tumour microenvironment, where they strongly inhibit anticancer functions of T cells and natural killer cells and exert a variety of other tumour-promoting effects. Emerging evidence indicates that MDSCs also contribute to resistance to cancer treatments, particularly immunotherapies. Conversely, treatment approaches designed to eliminate cancer cells can have important additional effects on MDSC function, which can be either positive or negative. In this Review, we discuss the interplay between MDSCs and various other cell types found in tumours as well as the mechanisms by which MDSCs promote tumour progression. We also discuss the relevance and implications of MDSCs for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Lasser
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ)), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Feyza G Ozbay Kurt
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ)), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ihor Arkhypov
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ)), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jochen Utikal
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ)), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Viktor Umansky
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ)), Heidelberg, Germany.
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
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Kabagwira J, Fuller RN, Vallejos PA, Sugiono CS, Andrianarijaona VM, Chism JB, O'Leary MP, Molina DC, Langridge W, Senthil M, Wall NR. Amplifying Curcumin's Antitumor Potential: A Heat-Driven Approach for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. Onco Targets Ther 2024; 17:63-78. [PMID: 38313386 PMCID: PMC10838088 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s448024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC) present a significant clinical challenge with poor prognosis, often unresponsive to systemic chemotherapy. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a treatment approach for select patients. The use of curcumin, a natural compound with antitumor properties, in HIPEC is of interest due to its lower side effects compared to conventional drugs and potential for increased efficacy through direct delivery to the peritoneal cavity. Methods An in vitro hyperthermic model was developed to simulate clinical HIPEC conditions. Three colon cancer cell lines (SK-CO-1, COLO205, SNU-C1) representing different genetic mutations (p53, KRAS, BRAF) were treated with either curcumin (25 µM) or mitomycin-C (1 µM) for 1, 2, or 3 hours. Post-treatment, cells were incubated at 37°C (normothermia) or 42°C (hyperthermia). Cell viability and proliferation were assessed at 24, 48 and 72 hours post-treatment using Annexin V/PI, MTT assay, trypan blue exclusion, and Hoffman microscopy. Results Hyperthermia significantly enhanced the antitumor efficacy of curcumin, evidenced by a two-fold reduction in cell viability compared to normothermia across all cell lines. In the SNU-C1 cell line, which harbors a p53 mutation, mitomycin-C failed to significantly impact cell viability, unlike curcumin, suggesting mutation-specific differences in treatment response. Discussion The findings indicate that hyperthermia augments the antitumor effects of curcumin in vitro, supporting the hypothesis that curcumin could be a more effective HIPEC agent than traditional drugs like mitomycin-C. Mutation-associated differences in response to treatments were observed, particularly in p53 mutant cells. While further studies are needed, these preliminary results suggest that curcumin in HIPEC could represent a novel therapeutic strategy for CRC patients with peritoneal metastases. This approach may offer improved outcomes with fewer side effects, particularly in genetically distinct CRC subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janviere Kabagwira
- Department of Basic Science, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Ryan N Fuller
- Department of Basic Science, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Paul A Vallejos
- Department of Basic Science, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Chase S Sugiono
- Department of Basic Science, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | | | - Jazmine Brianna Chism
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Michael P O'Leary
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - David Caba Molina
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - William Langridge
- Department of Basic Science, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Maheswari Senthil
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Irvine Medical Center, University of California, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Nathan R Wall
- Department of Basic Science, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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Chen R, Zou J, Zhong X, Li J, Kang R, Tang D. HMGB1 in the interplay between autophagy and apoptosis in cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 581:216494. [PMID: 38007142 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Lysosome-mediated autophagy and caspase-dependent apoptosis are dynamic processes that maintain cellular homeostasis, ensuring cell health and functionality. The intricate interplay and reciprocal regulation between autophagy and apoptosis are implicated in various human diseases, including cancer. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a nonhistone chromosomal protein, plays a pivotal role in coordinating autophagy and apoptosis levels during tumor initiation, progression, and therapy. The regulation of autophagy machinery and the apoptosis pathway by HMGB1 is influenced by various factors, including the protein's subcellular localization, oxidative state, and interactions with binding partners. In this narrative review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the structure and function of HMGB1, with a specific focus on the interplay between autophagic degradation and apoptotic death in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the significance of HMGB1 as a biomarker and its potential as a therapeutic target in tumor diseases is crucial for advancing our knowledge of cell survival and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Ju Zou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Xiao Zhong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Qin L, Wu J. Targeting anticancer immunity in oral cancer: Drugs, products, and nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:116751. [PMID: 37507044 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Oral cavity carcinomas are the most frequent malignancies among head and neck malignancies. Oral tumors include not only oral cancer cells with different potency and stemness but also consist of diverse cells, containing anticancer immune cells, stromal and also immunosuppressive cells that influence the immune system reactions. The infiltrated T and natural killer (NK) cells are the substantial tumor-suppressive immune compartments in the tumor. The infiltration of these cells has substantial impacts on the response of tumors to immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Nevertheless, cancer cells, stromal cells, and some other compartments like regulatory T cells (Tregs), macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) can repress the immune responses against malignant cells. Boosting anticancer immunity by inducing the immune system or repressing the tumor-promoting cells is one of the intriguing approaches for the eradication of malignant cells such as oral cancers. This review aims to concentrate on the secretions and interactions in the oral tumor immune microenvironment. We review targeting tumor stroma, immune system and immunosuppressive interactions in oral tumors. This review will also focus on therapeutic targets and therapeutic agents such as nanoparticles and products with anti-tumor potency that can boost anticancer immunity in oral tumors. We also explain possible future perspectives including delivery of various cells, natural products and drugs by nanoparticles for boosting anticancer immunity in oral tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liling Qin
- Gezhouba Central Hospital of the Third Clinical Medical College of Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China
| | - Jianan Wu
- Experimental and Practical Teaching Center, Hubei College of Chinese Medicine, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434000, China.
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Wang H, Shi Y, Ma D, Cao M, Sun Y, Jiang X, Xu Z, Wang Y, Yang Y, Shi Y, Wang K. Cinchonine exerts anti-tumor and immunotherapy sensitizing effects in lung cancer by impairing autophagic-lysosomal degradation. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114980. [PMID: 37301135 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are several treatments approaches available for lung cancer; however, patients who develop drug resistance or have poor survival rates urgently require new therapeutic strategies for lung cancer. In autophagy, damaged proteins or organelles are enclosed within autophagic vesicles with a bilayer membrane structure and transported to the lysosomes for degradation and recirculation. Autophagy is a crucial pathway involved in the clearance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and damaged mitochondria. Meanwhile, inhibiting autophagy is a promising strategy for cancer treatment. In this study, we found for the first time that Cinchonine (Cin) can act as an autophagy suppressor and exert anti-tumor effects. Cin significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells in vitro and the tumor growth and metastasis in vivo, without obvious toxic effects. We found that Cin suppressed the autophagic process by blocking autophagosome degradation through the inhibition of the maturation of lysosomal hydrolases. Cin-mediated autophagy inhibition resulted in the elevated ROS level and the accumulation of damaged mitochondria, which in turn promoted apoptosis. N-acetylcysteine, a potential ROS scavenger, significantly suppressed Cin-induced apoptosis. Additionally, Cin upregulated programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in lung cancer cells by inhibiting autophagy. Compared with monotherapy and control group, the combined administration of anti-PD-L1 antibody and Cin significantly reduced tumor growth. These results suggest that Cin exerts anti-tumor effects by inhibiting autophagy, and that the combination of Cin and PD-L1 blockade has synergistic anti-tumor effects. The data demonstrates the significant clinical potential of Cin in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu City, China
| | - Yuting Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu City, China
| | - Dannv Ma
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengqing Cao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu City, China
| | - Yuchao Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu City, China
| | - Xinyuan Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu City, China
| | - Zhiyong Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu City, China
| | - Yongfang Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu City, China
| | - Yueli Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu City, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu City, China.
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