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Yang J, Li A, Li M, Ruan S, Ye L. CRISPR/Cas9-Editing K562 Cell Line as a Potential Tool in Transfusion Applications: Knockout of Vel Antigen Gene. Transfus Med Hemother 2024; 51:265-273. [PMID: 39021420 PMCID: PMC11250041 DOI: 10.1159/000534012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Vel- phenotype is a rare blood group, and it is challenging for identifying this phenotype due to limited available reagents. Moreover, there are relatively few studies on genomic editing of erythroid antigens and generation of knockout (KO) cell lines at present. Methods To identify the high-efficiency small-guiding RNA (sgRNA) sequence, candidate sgRNAs were transfected into HEK 293T cells and analyzed using Sanger sequencing. Following this, the high-efficiency sgRNA was transfected into K562 cells using lentivirus transduction to generate KO Vel blood group gene cells. The expression of the Vel protein was detected using Western blot on single-cell clones. Additionally, flow cytometry was used to detect the erythroid markers CD235a and CD71. Hemoglobin quantification and Giemsa staining were also performed to evaluate the erythroid differentiation of KO clones induced by hemin. Results The high-efficiency sgRNA was successfully obtained and used for CRISPR-Cas9 editing in K562 cells. After limiting dilution and screening, two KO clones had either deleted 2 or 4 bases and showed no expression of the Vel protein. In the hemin-induced KO clone, there was a significant difference in erythroid marker and hemoglobin quantification compared to untreated cells. The morphological changes were also observed for the hemin-induced KO clone. Conclusion In this study, a highly efficient sgRNA was screened out and used to generate Vel erythroid antigen KO single-cell clones in K562 cells. The edited cells could then be induced to undergo erythroid differentiation with the use of hemin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Yang
- Molecular Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Aijing Li
- Molecular Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghao Li
- Molecular Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Shulin Ruan
- Molecular Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyi Ye
- Molecular Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, China
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Zhang R, He Z, Shi Y, Sun X, Chen X, Wang G, Zhang Y, Gao P, Wu Y, Lu S, Duan J, Sun S, Yang N, Fan W, Zhao K, Yang B, Xia Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yin H. Amplification editing enables efficient and precise duplication of DNA from short sequence to megabase and chromosomal scale. Cell 2024; 187:3936-3952.e19. [PMID: 38936359 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Duplication is a foundation of molecular evolution and a driver of genomic and complex diseases. Here, we develop a genome editing tool named Amplification Editing (AE) that enables programmable DNA duplication with precision at chromosomal scale. AE can duplicate human genomes ranging from 20 bp to 100 Mb, a size comparable to human chromosomes. AE exhibits activity across various cell types, encompassing diploid, haploid, and primary cells. AE exhibited up to 73.0% efficiency for 1 Mb and 3.4% for 100 Mb duplications, respectively. Whole-genome sequencing and deep sequencing of the junctions of edited sequences confirm the precision of duplication. AE can create chromosomal microduplications within disease-relevant regions in embryonic stem cells, indicating its potential for generating cellular and animal models. AE is a precise and efficient tool for chromosomal engineering and DNA duplication, broadening the landscape of precision genome editing from an individual genetic locus to the chromosomal scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiwen Zhang
- Departments of Urology and Laboratory Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhou He
- Departments of Urology and Laboratory Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yajing Shi
- Departments of Urology and Laboratory Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiangkun Sun
- Departments of Urology and Laboratory Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Departments of Urology and Laboratory Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Guoquan Wang
- Departments of Urology and Laboratory Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yizhou Zhang
- Departments of Urology and Laboratory Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Pan Gao
- Departments of Urology and Laboratory Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Departments of Urology and Laboratory Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shuhan Lu
- Departments of Urology and Laboratory Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Junyi Duan
- Departments of Urology and Laboratory Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shangwu Sun
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies and School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Na Yang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Kaitao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Institute of Medical Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Bei Yang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies and School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yuchen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Institute of Medical Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Departments of Urology and Laboratory Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Departments of Urology and Laboratory Medicine, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Zhao B, Che H, Li L, Hu L, Yi W, Xiao L, Liu S, Hou Z. Asperuloside regulates the proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562 through the RAS/MEK/ERK pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23580. [PMID: 38226258 PMCID: PMC10788273 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a malignant hematopoietic stem cell disease caused by excessive proliferation and abnormal differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. Asperuloside (ASP) is considered to have good biological activity and may be a good anti-CML drug. Objective This study aimed to explore the effects and possible mechanisms of ASP on the biological behavior of K562 cells based on RNA-seq. Materials and methods The IC50 of ASP in K562 cells was calculated by the concentration-effect curve. Cell viability, apoptosis, and differentiation were detected by CCK8, flow cytometry, benzidine staining, and WB analysis, respectively. Further, RNA-seq was used to analyze the possible mechanism of ASP regulating K562 cells. Results ASP significantly inhibited the proliferation, and promoted apoptosis and differentiation of K562 cells. A total of 117 differentially expressed genes were screened by RNA-seq, mainly involved in the RAS/MEK/ERK pathway. PD98059 was used to inhibit the RAS/MEK/ERK pathway in K562 cells, and results confirmed that PD98059 could not only inhibit the RAS/MEK/ERK pathway, but also inhibit the regulation of ASP on the proliferation and differentiation of K562 cells. Conclusion ASP inhibited the proliferation, promoted apoptosis and differentiation of K562 cells by regulating the RAS/MEK/ERK pathway, and played a good anti-CML role.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Linlin Li
- Department of Hematology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Lian Hu
- Department of Hematology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Wenjing Yi
- Department of Hematology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Songshan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Zhufa Hou
- Department of Hematology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
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Kaur C, Sharma B, Nepali K. Switch Pocket Kinase: An Emerging Therapeutic Target for the Design of Anticancer Agents. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:2662-2670. [PMID: 35379129 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220404081302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinases are amongst the most focused enzymes in current century to design, synthesize and formulate drugs ought to be effective in the treatment of various disordered and diseased states involving either overexpression or deficiency situations. The ATP pocket on the kinases is the binding active site for most of the kinase inhibitors. However, the kinase mutations prevent the binding of kinase inhibitors to ATP pocket. The switch pocket site on this enzyme when occupied by switch pocket inhibitors, the enzyme become inactive even in the mutated state. This review comprises the detailed information on various classical protein kinases and switch pocket kinase inhibitors with their mechanism of action so that new molecules can be designed to encounter mutations in the kinase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charanjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, Punjab, 143002
| | - Bhargavi Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, Punjab, 143002
| | - Kunal Nepali
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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Costantini S, Meloni A, Spasiano A, Cinque P, Ricchi P. The unexpected impact of cabozantinib on red blood cells consumption in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia. Ann Hematol 2022; 101:1621-1623. [PMID: 35246730 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-022-04810-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Costantini
- U.O.S.D. Malattie Rare del Globulo Rosso, Azienda Ospedaliera Di Rilievo Nazionale "A. Cardarelli", Via A.Cardarelli 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Meloni
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Spasiano
- U.O.S.D. Malattie Rare del Globulo Rosso, Azienda Ospedaliera Di Rilievo Nazionale "A. Cardarelli", Via A.Cardarelli 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Patrizia Cinque
- U.O.S.D. Malattie Rare del Globulo Rosso, Azienda Ospedaliera Di Rilievo Nazionale "A. Cardarelli", Via A.Cardarelli 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Ricchi
- U.O.S.D. Malattie Rare del Globulo Rosso, Azienda Ospedaliera Di Rilievo Nazionale "A. Cardarelli", Via A.Cardarelli 9, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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