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Wen P, Sun Y, Jiang TX, Qiu XB. PA200-Mediated Proteasomal Protein Degradation and Regulation of Cellular Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5637. [PMID: 38891826 PMCID: PMC11171664 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is closely related to DNA damage, proteasome inactivity, histone loss, epigenetic alterations, and tumorigenesis. The mammalian proteasome activator PA200 (also referred to as PSME4) or its yeast ortholog Blm10 promotes the acetylation-dependent degradation of the core histones during transcription, DNA repair, and spermatogenesis. According to recent studies, PA200 plays an important role in senescence, probably because of its role in promoting the degradation of the core histones. Loss of PA200 or Blm10 is a major cause of the decrease in proteasome activity during senescence. In this paper, recent research progress on the association of PA200 with cellular senescence is summarized, and the potential of PA200 to serve as a therapeutic target in age-related diseases is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; (P.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; (P.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Tian-Xia Jiang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation & Regulation Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Avenue, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; (P.W.); (Y.S.)
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation & Regulation Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Avenue, Beijing 100875, China
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2
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Liu X, Zheng W, Zhang L, Cao Z, Cong X, Hu Q, Hou J, Jin X, Yuan Q, Lin L, Tan J, Lu J, Zhang Y, Zhang N. Arginine methylation-dependent cGAS stability promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation. Cancer Lett 2024; 586:216707. [PMID: 38331088 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), promotes non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell proliferation. However, the specific mechanisms of cGAS-mediated NSCLC cell proliferation are largely unknown. In this study, we found asymmetric dimethylation by protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) at R127 of cGAS. This facilitated the binding of deubiquitinase USP7 and contributed to deubiquitination and stabilization of cGAS. PRMT1-and USP7-dependent cGAS stability, which also played a pivotal role in accelerating NSCLC cell proliferation through activating AKT pathway. We validated that the expression of cGAS and PRMT1 were positive correlated in human non-small cell lung cancer samples. Our study demonstrates a unique mechanism for managing cGAS stability by arginine methylation and indicates that PRMT1-cGAS-USP7 axis is a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Weiguang Zheng
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Lian Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ziyi Cao
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Xianling Cong
- Department of Biobank, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Qianying Hu
- Department of Biobank, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Jingyao Hou
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Xin Jin
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qingxia Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Luyao Lin
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jiang Tan
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jun Lu
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Na Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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3
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Dubey SK, Dubey R, Kleinman ME. Unraveling Histone Loss in Aging and Senescence. Cells 2024; 13:320. [PMID: 38391933 PMCID: PMC10886805 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
As the global population experiences a notable surge in aging demographics, the need to understand the intricate molecular pathways exacerbated by age-related stresses, including epigenetic dysregulation, becomes a priority. Epigenetic mechanisms play a critical role in driving age-related diseases through altered gene expression, genomic instability, and irregular chromatin remodeling. In this review, we focus on histones, a central component of the epigenome, and consolidate the key findings of histone loss and genome-wide redistribution as fundamental processes contributing to aging and senescence. The review provides insights into novel histone expression profiles, nucleosome occupancy, disruptions in higher-order chromatin architecture, and the emergence of noncanonical histone variants in the aging cellular landscape. Furthermore, we explore the current state of our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of histone deficiency in aging cells. Specific emphasis is placed on highlighting histone degradation pathways in the cell and studies that have explored potential strategies to mitigate histone loss or restore histone levels in aging cells. Finally, in addressing future perspectives, the insights gained from this review hold profound implications for advancing strategies that actively intervene in modulating histone expression profiles in the context of cellular aging and identifying potential therapeutic targets for alleviating a multitude of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark Ellsworth Kleinman
- Department of Surgery, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA; (S.K.D.); (R.D.)
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4
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Geng Y, Wang Z, Xu X, Sun X, Dong X, Luo Y, Sun X. Extensive therapeutic effects, underlying molecular mechanisms and disease treatment prediction of Metformin: a systematic review. Transl Res 2024; 263:73-92. [PMID: 37567440 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Metformin (Met), a first-line management for type 2 diabetes mellitus, has been expansively employed and studied with results indicating its therapeutic potential extending beyond glycemic control. Beyond its established role, this therapeutic drug demonstrates a broad spectrum of action encompassing over 60 disorders, encompassing metabolic conditions, inflammatory disorders, carcinomas, cardiovascular diseases, and cerebrovascular pathologies. There is clear evidence of Met's action targeting specific nodes in the molecular pathways of these diseases and, intriguingly, interactions with the intestinal microbiota and epigenetic processes have been explored. Furthermore, novel Met derivatives with structural modifications tailored to diverse diseases have been synthesized and assessed. This manuscript proffers a comprehensive thematic review of the diseases amenable to Met treatment, elucidates their molecular mechanisms, and employs informatics technology to prospect future therapeutic applications of Met. These data and insights gleaned considerably contribute to enriching our understanding and appreciation of Met's far-reaching clinical potential and therapeutic applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Geng
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Diabetes Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Diabetes Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Diabetes Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Diabetes Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, China
| | - Xi Dong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Diabetes Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Diabetes Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, China.
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Diabetes Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, China.
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5
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Jing Y, Jiang X, Ji Q, Wu Z, Wang W, Liu Z, Guillen-Garcia P, Esteban CR, Reddy P, Horvath S, Li J, Geng L, Hu Q, Wang S, Belmonte JCI, Ren J, Zhang W, Qu J, Liu GH. Genome-wide CRISPR activation screening in senescent cells reveals SOX5 as a driver and therapeutic target of rejuvenation. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:1452-1471.e10. [PMID: 37832549 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of the molecular basis for cellular senescence remains incomplete, limiting the development of strategies to ameliorate age-related pathologies by preventing stem cell senescence. Here, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) screening using a human mesenchymal precursor cell (hMPC) model of the progeroid syndrome. We evaluated targets whose activation antagonizes cellular senescence, among which SOX5 outperformed as a top hit. Through decoding the epigenomic landscapes remodeled by overexpressing SOX5, we uncovered its role in resetting the transcription network for geroprotective genes, including HMGB2. Mechanistically, SOX5 binding elevated the enhancer activity of HMGB2 with increased levels of H3K27ac and H3K4me1, raising HMGB2 expression so as to promote rejuvenation. Furthermore, gene therapy with lentiviruses carrying SOX5 or HMGB2 rejuvenated cartilage and alleviated osteoarthritis in aged mice. Our study generated a comprehensive list of rejuvenators, pinpointing SOX5 as a potent driver for rejuvenation both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaobin Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaoyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qianzhao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zeming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zunpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Pedro Guillen-Garcia
- Department of Traumatology and Research Unit, Clinica CEMTRO, 28035 Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepcion Rodriguez Esteban
- Altos Labs, Inc., San Diego, CA 94022, USA; Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Pradeep Reddy
- Altos Labs, Inc., San Diego, CA 94022, USA; Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- Altos Labs, Inc., San Diego, CA 94022, USA; Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 10833, USA
| | - Jingyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lingling Geng
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Qinchao Hu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Si Wang
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Chongqing Renji Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400062, China
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Altos Labs, Inc., San Diego, CA 94022, USA; Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jie Ren
- Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
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6
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Li Z, Chen C, Yong H, Jiang L, Wang P, Meng S, Chu S, Li Z, Guo Q, Zheng J, Bai J, Li H. PRMT2 promotes RCC tumorigenesis and metastasis via enhancing WNT5A transcriptional expression. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:322. [PMID: 37173306 PMCID: PMC10182089 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05837-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 2 (PRMT2) is involved in several biological processes via histone methylation and transcriptional regulation. Although PRMT2 has been reported to affect breast cancer and glioblastoma progression, its role in renal cell cancer (RCC) remains unclear. Here, we found that PRMT2 was upregulated in primary RCC and RCC cell lines. We demonstrated that PRMT2 overexpression promoted RCC cell proliferation and motility both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we revealed that PRMT2-mediated H3R8 asymmetric dimethylation (H3R8me2a) was enriched in the WNT5A promoter region and enhanced WNT5A transcriptional expression, leading to activation of Wnt signaling and malignant progression of RCC. Finally, we confirmed that high PRMT2 and WNT5A expression was strongly correlated with poor clinicopathological characteristics and poor overall survival in RCC patient tissues. Our findings indicate that PRMT2 and WNT5A may be promising predictive diagnostic biomarkers for RCC metastasis. Our study also suggests that PRMT2 is a novel therapeutic target in patients with RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaozhen Chen
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongmei Yong
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sen Meng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sufang Chu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingxiang Guo
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jin Bai
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hailong Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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7
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Zhang N, Hu Q, Sui T, Fu L, Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhu X, Huang B, Lu J, Li Z, Zhang Y. Unique progerin C-terminal peptide ameliorates Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome phenotype by rescuing BUBR1. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:185-201. [PMID: 36743663 PMCID: PMC10154249 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00361-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
An accumulating body of evidence indicates an association between mitotic defects and the aging process in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), which is a premature aging disease caused by progerin accumulation. Here, we found that BUBR1, a core component of the spindle assembly checkpoint, was downregulated during HGPS cellular senescence. The remaining BUBR1 was anchored to the nuclear membrane by binding with the C terminus of progerin, thus further limiting the function of BUBR1. Based on this, we established a unique progerin C-terminal peptide (UPCP) that effectively blocked the binding of progerin and BUBR1 and enhanced the expression of BUBR1 by interfering with the interaction between PTBP1 and progerin. Finally, UPCP significantly inhibited HGPS cellular senescence and ameliorated progeroid phenotypes, extending the lifespan of LmnaG609G/G609G mice. Our findings reveal an essential role for the progerin-PTBP1-BUBR1 axis in HGPS. Therapeutics designed around UPCP may be a beneficial strategy for HGPS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Qianying Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Tingting Sui
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Fu
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinglin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Baiqu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
| | - Zhanjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
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8
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Lu X, Xin DE, Du JK, Zou QC, Wu Q, Zhang YS, Deng W, Yue J, Fan XS, Zeng Y, Cheng X, Li X, Hou Z, Mohan M, Zhao TC, Lu X, Chang Z, Xu L, Sun Y, Zu X, Zhang Y, Chinn YE. Loss of LOXL2 Promotes Uterine Hypertrophy and Tumor Progression by Enhancing H3K36ac-Dependent Gene Expression. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4400-4413. [PMID: 36197797 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) is a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) repeat carrying LOX family. Although LOXL2 is suspected to be involved in histone association and chromatin modification, the role of LOXL2 in epigenetic regulation during tumorigenesis and cancer progression remains unclear. Here, we report that nuclear LOXL2 associates with histone H3 and catalyzes H3K36ac deacetylation and deacetylimination. Both the N-terminal SRCR repeats and the C-terminal catalytic domain of LOXL2 carry redundant deacetylase catalytic activity. Overexpression of LOXL2 markedly reduced H3K36 acetylation and blocked H3K36ac-dependent transcription of genes, including c-MYC, CCND1, HIF1A, and CD44. Consequently, LOXL2 overexpression reduced cancer cell proliferation in vitro and inhibited xenograft tumor growth in vivo. In contrast, LOXL2 deficiency resulted in increased H3K36 acetylation and aberrant expression of H3K36ac-dependent genes involved in multiple oncogenic signaling pathways. Female LOXL2-deficient mice spontaneously developed uterine hypertrophy and uterine carcinoma. Moreover, silencing LOXL2 in cancer cells enhanced tumor progression and reduced the efficacy of cisplatin and anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) combination therapy. Clinically, low nuclear LOXL2 expression and high H3K36ac levels corresponded to poor prognosis in uterine endometrial carcinoma patients. These results suggest that nuclear LOXL2 restricts cancer development in the female reproductive system via the regulation of H3K36ac deacetylation. SIGNIFICANCE LOXL2 loss reprograms the epigenetic landscape to promote uterine cancer initiation and progression and repress the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, indicating that LOXL2 is a tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Lu
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang; Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dazhuan E Xin
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juanjuan K Du
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quanli C Zou
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang; Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanan S Zhang
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang; Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenhai Deng
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang; Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jicheng Yue
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing S Fan
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zeng
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaju Cheng
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue Li
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang; Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Mohan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting C Zhao
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, Brown University School of Medicine-Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Xiaomei Lu
- Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhijie Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liyan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiongbing Zu
- Departments of Urology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Departments of Urology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Y Eugene Chinn
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
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9
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Hu Q, Zhang N, Sui T, Li G, Wang Z, Liu M, Zhu X, Huang B, Lu J, Li Z, Zhang Y. Anti-hsa-miR-59 alleviates premature senescence associated with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome in mice. EMBO J 2022; 42:e110937. [PMID: 36382717 PMCID: PMC9811625 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022110937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a lethal premature aging disorder without an effective therapeutic regimen. Because of their targetability and influence on gene expression, microRNAs (miRNAs) are attractive therapeutic tools to treat diseases. Here we identified that hsa-miR-59 (miR-59) was markedly upregulated in HGPS patient cells and in multiple tissues of an HGPS mouse model (LmnaG609G/G609G ), which disturbed the interaction between RNAPII and TFIIH, resulting in abnormal expression of cell cycle genes by targeting high-mobility group A family HMGA1 and HMGA2. Functional inhibition of miR-59 alleviated the cellular senescence phenotype of HGPS cells. Treatment with AAV9-mediated anti-miR-59 reduced fibrosis in the quadriceps muscle, heart, and aorta, suppressed epidermal thinning and dermal fat loss, and yielded a 25.5% increase in longevity of LmnaG609G/G609G mice. These results identify a new strategy for the treatment of HGPS and provide insight into the etiology of HGPS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE)Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Na Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE)Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Tingting Sui
- The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal ScienceJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Guanlin Li
- The Institute of Genetics and CytologyNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Zhiyao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE)Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Mingyue Liu
- The Institute of Genetics and CytologyNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Xiaojuan Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE)Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Baiqu Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE)Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Jun Lu
- The Institute of Genetics and CytologyNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Zhanjun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal ScienceJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE)Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
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10
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Han N, He J, Shi L, Zhang M, Zheng J, Fan Y. Identification of biomarkers in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A machine learning method and experimental study. Front Genet 2022; 13:1020899. [PMID: 36419827 PMCID: PMC9676265 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1020899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease. However, the early diagnosis of NAFLD is challenging. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify diagnostic biomarkers of NAFLD using machine learning algorithms. Differentially expressed genes between NAFLD and normal samples were identified separately from the GEO database. The key DEGs were selected through a protein‒protein interaction network, and their biological functions were analysed. Next, three machine learning algorithms were selected to construct models of NAFLD separately, and the model with the smallest sample residual was determined to be the best model. Then, logistic regression analysis was used to judge the accuracy of the five genes in predicting the risk of NAFLD. A single-sample gene set enrichment analysis algorithm was used to evaluate the immune cell infiltration of NAFLD, and the correlation between diagnostic biomarkers and immune cell infiltration was analysed. Finally, 10 pairs of peripheral blood samples from NAFLD patients and normal controls were collected for RNA isolation and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for validation. Taken together, CEBPD, H4C11, CEBPB, GATA3, and KLF4 were identified as diagnostic biomarkers of NAFLD by machine learning algorithms and were related to immune cell infiltration in NAFLD. These key genes provide novel insights into the mechanisms and treatment of patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Han
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Juan He
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lixin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuanshuo Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
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11
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Li Z, Yong H, Wang W, Gao Y, Wang P, Chen X, Lu J, Zheng J, Bai J. GSK3326595 is a promising drug to prevent SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and other variants infection by inhibiting ACE2-R671 di-methylation. J Med Virol 2022; 95:e28158. [PMID: 36114164 PMCID: PMC9537780 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused COVID-19 epidemic is worsening. Binding of the Spike1 protein of SARS-CoV-2 with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor mediates entry of the virus into host cells. Many reports show that protein arginine methylation by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) is important for the functions of these proteins, but it remains unclear whether ACE2 is methylated by PRMTs. Here, we show that PRMT5 catalyses ACE2 symmetric dimethylation at residue R671 (meR671-ACE2). We indicate that PRMT5-mediated meR671-ACE2 promotes SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) binding with ACE2 probably by enhancing ACE2 N-glycosylation modification. We also reveal that the PRMT5-specific inhibitor GSK3326595 is able to dramatically reduce ACE2 binding with RBD. Moreover, we discovered that meR671-ACE2 plays an important role in ACE2 binding with Spike1 of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron, Delta, and Beta variants; and we found that GSK3326595 strongly attenuates ACE2 interaction with Spike1 of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron, Delta, and Beta variants. Finally, SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection assays uncovered that PRMT5-mediated meR671-ACE2 is essential for SARS-CoV-2 infection in human cells, and pseudovirus infection experiments confirmed that GSK3326595 can strongly suppress SARS-CoV-2 infection of host cells. Our findings suggest that as a clinical phase II drug for several kinds of cancers, GSK3326595 is a promising candidate to decrease SARS-CoV-2 infection by inhibiting ACE2 methylation and ACE2-Spike1 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Li
- Cancer InstituteXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Hongmei Yong
- Department of OncologyThe Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People's Hospital of Huai'anHuaianJiangsuChina
| | - Wenwen Wang
- Cancer InstituteXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Yue Gao
- Cancer InstituteXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Cancer InstituteXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Xintian Chen
- Cancer InstituteXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Jun Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE)Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Cancer InstituteXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Jin Bai
- Cancer InstituteXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
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12
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Wang J, Yang R, Cheng Y, Zhou Y, Zhang T, Wang S, Li H, Jiang W, Zhang X. Methylation of HBP1 by PRMT1 promotes tumor progression by regulating actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:45. [PMID: 35941115 PMCID: PMC9360041 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
HBP1 is a sequence-specific transcription factor which generally considered as a crucial growth inhibitor. Posttranslational modification of HBP1 is vital for its function. In this study, we demonstrate that HBP1 is methylated at R378 by PRMT1, which decreases HBP1 protein stability by promoting its ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation. PRMT1-mediated methylation of HBP1 alleviates the repressive effects of HBP1 on tumor metastasis and growth. GSN is identified as a novel target gene of HBP1. Methylation of HBP1 promotes actin cytoskeleton remodeling, glycolysis and tumor progression by downregulating GSN (a vital actin-binding protein) levels. The methylated HBP1-GSN axis is associated with the clinical outcomes of cancer patients. This investigation elucidates the mechanism of how methylated HBP1 facilitates actin cytoskeleton remodeling, thus attenuates its tumor-suppressive function and promotes tumor progression. Targeting methylated HBP1-GSN axis may provide a therapeutic strategy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Ruixiang Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yuning Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Tongjia Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Shujie Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China.
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13
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Tai S, Sun J, Zhou Y, Zhu Z, He Y, Chen M, Yang H, Xiao Y, Tu T, Tang L, Li X, Zeng J, Zheng X, Zhou S. Metformin suppresses vascular smooth muscle cell senescence by promoting autophagic flux. J Adv Res 2021; 41:205-218. [PMID: 36328749 PMCID: PMC9637479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin treatment improved functional and structural changes occur in aging arteries. Metformin treatment prevented a senescence-associated secretory phenotype and improved the proliferation and migration of senescent VSMCs. Reduced autophagic flux during cellular and vascular senescence was reversed by metformin. Metformin enhances autophagy flux at the level of autophagosome-lysosome fusion via upregulating LAMP1.
Introduction Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) senescence in the vasculature results in vascular aging as well as age-related diseases, while metformin improves the inflamm-aging profile by enhancing autophagy. However, metformin’s impact on VSMC senescence is largely undefined. Objectives To test the hypothesis that metformin exerts an anti-senescence role by restoring autophagic activity in VSMCs and vascular tissues. Methods Animal models established by angiotensin II (Ang II) induction and physiological aging and senescent primary VSMCs from the aortas of elderly patients were treated with metformin. Cellular and vascular senescence were assessed by measuring the amounts of senescence-associated β-galactosidase and senescence markers, including p21 and p53. Autophagy levels were assessed by autophagy-related protein expression, transmission electron microscope, and autolysosome staining. In order to explore the underlying mechanism of the anti-senescence effects of metformin, 4D label-free quantitative proteomics and bioinformatic analyses were conducted, with subsequent experiments validating these findings. Results Ang II-dependent senescence was suppressed by metformin in VSMCs and vascular tissues. Metformin also significantly improved arterial stiffness and alleviated structural changes in aged arteries, reduced senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and improved proliferation and migration of senescent VSMCs. Mechanistically, the proteomic analysis indicated that autophagy might contribute to metformin’s anti-senescence effects. Reduced autophagic flux was observed in Ang II-induced cellular and vascular senescence; this reduction was reversed by metformin. Specifically, metformin enhanced the autophagic flux at the autophagosome-lysosome fusion level, whereas blockade of autophagosome-lysosome fusion inhibited the anti-senescence effects of metformin. Conclusions Metformin prevents VSMC and vascular senescence by promoting autolysosome formation.
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14
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Rozenberg JM, Zvereva S, Dalina A, Blatov I, Zubarev I, Luppov D, Bessmertnyi A, Romanishin A, Alsoulaiman L, Kumeiko V, Kagansky A, Melino G, Ganini C, Barlev NA. The p53 family member p73 in the regulation of cell stress response. Biol Direct 2021; 16:23. [PMID: 34749806 PMCID: PMC8577020 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-021-00307-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During oncogenesis, cells become unrestrictedly proliferative thereby altering the tissue homeostasis and resulting in subsequent hyperplasia. This process is paralleled by resumption of cell cycle, aberrant DNA repair and blunting the apoptotic program in response to DNA damage. In most human cancers these processes are associated with malfunctioning of tumor suppressor p53. Intriguingly, in some cases two other members of the p53 family of proteins, transcription factors p63 and p73, can compensate for loss of p53. Although both p63 and p73 can bind the same DNA sequences as p53 and their transcriptionally active isoforms are able to regulate the expression of p53-dependent genes, the strongest overlap with p53 functions was detected for p73. Surprisingly, unlike p53, the p73 is rarely lost or mutated in cancers. On the contrary, its inactive isoforms are often overexpressed in cancer. In this review, we discuss several lines of evidence that cancer cells develop various mechanisms to repress p73-mediated cell death. Moreover, p73 isoforms may promote cancer growth by enhancing an anti-oxidative response, the Warburg effect and by repressing senescence. Thus, we speculate that the role of p73 in tumorigenesis can be ambivalent and hence, requires new therapeutic strategies that would specifically repress the oncogenic functions of p73, while keeping its tumor suppressive properties intact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian M Rozenberg
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.
| | - Svetlana Zvereva
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Aleksandra Dalina
- The Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Blatov
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Ilya Zubarev
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Daniil Luppov
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | | | - Alexander Romanishin
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.,School of Life Sciences, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Lamak Alsoulaiman
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Vadim Kumeiko
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Alexander Kagansky
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.,School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Ganini
- Department of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Nikolai A Barlev
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia. .,Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
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15
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Ganini C, Amelio I, Bertolo R, Bove P, Buonomo OC, Candi E, Cipriani C, Di Daniele N, Juhl H, Mauriello A, Marani C, Marshall J, Melino S, Marchetti P, Montanaro M, Natale ME, Novelli F, Palmieri G, Piacentini M, Rendina EA, Roselli M, Sica G, Tesauro M, Rovella V, Tisone G, Shi Y, Wang Y, Melino G. Global mapping of cancers: The Cancer Genome Atlas and beyond. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:2823-2840. [PMID: 34245122 PMCID: PMC8564642 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer genomes have been explored from the early 2000s through massive exome sequencing efforts, leading to the publication of The Cancer Genome Atlas in 2013. Sequencing techniques have been developed alongside this project and have allowed scientists to bypass the limitation of costs for whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of single specimens by developing more accurate and extensive cancer sequencing projects, such as deep sequencing of whole genomes and transcriptomic analysis. The Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes recently published WGS data from more than 2600 human cancers together with almost 1200 related transcriptomes. The application of WGS on a large database allowed, for the first time in history, a global analysis of features such as molecular signatures, large structural variations and noncoding regions of the genome, as well as the evaluation of RNA alterations in the absence of underlying DNA mutations. The vast amount of data generated still needs to be thoroughly deciphered, and the advent of machine-learning approaches will be the next step towards the generation of personalized approaches for cancer medicine. The present manuscript wants to give a broad perspective on some of the biological evidence derived from the largest sequencing attempts on human cancers so far, discussing advantages and limitations of this approach and its power in the era of machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Ganini
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
- IDI‐IRCCSRomeItaly
| | - Ivano Amelio
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
| | - Riccardo Bertolo
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
- San Carlo di Nancy HospitalRomeItaly
| | - Pierluigi Bove
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
- San Carlo di Nancy HospitalRomeItaly
| | - Oreste Claudio Buonomo
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
- IDI‐IRCCSRomeItaly
| | - Chiara Cipriani
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
- San Carlo di Nancy HospitalRomeItaly
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
| | | | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
| | - Carla Marani
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
- San Carlo di Nancy HospitalRomeItaly
| | - John Marshall
- Medstar Georgetown University HospitalGeorgetown UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Sonia Melino
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
| | | | - Manuela Montanaro
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
| | - Maria Emanuela Natale
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
- San Carlo di Nancy HospitalRomeItaly
| | - Flavia Novelli
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
| | - Giampiero Palmieri
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
| | | | - Mario Roselli
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
| | - Giuseppe Sica
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
| | - Valentina Rovella
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
| | - Giuseppe Tisone
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
| | - Yufang Shi
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and TumorShanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionInstitutes for Translational MedicineSoochow UniversityChina
| | - Ying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and TumorShanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental MedicineTorvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
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16
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Gao W, Liu JL, Lu X, Yang Q. Epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism in obesity. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 13:480-499. [PMID: 34289049 PMCID: PMC8530523 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally. Although modern adoption of a sedentary lifestyle coupled with energy-dense nutrition is considered to be the main cause of obesity epidemic, genetic preposition contributes significantly to the imbalanced energy metabolism in obesity. However, the variants of genetic loci identified from large-scale genetic studies do not appear to fully explain the rapid increase in obesity epidemic in the last four to five decades. Recent advancements of next-generation sequencing technologies and studies of tissue-specific effects of epigenetic factors in metabolic organs have significantly advanced our understanding of epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism in obesity. The epigenome, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and RNA-mediated processes, is characterized as mitotically or meiotically heritable changes in gene function without alteration of DNA sequence. Importantly, epigenetic modifications are reversible. Therefore, comprehensively understanding the landscape of epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism could unravel novel molecular targets for obesity treatment. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the roles of DNA methylation, histone modifications such as methylation and acetylation, and RNA-mediated processes in regulating energy metabolism. We also discuss the effects of lifestyle modifications and therapeutic agents on epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jia-Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, UC Irvine Diabetes Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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Fang J, Feng C, Chen W, Hou P, Liu Z, Zuo M, Han Y, Xu C, Melino G, Verkhratsky A, Wang Y, Shao C, Shi Y. Redressing the interactions between stem cells and immune system in tissue regeneration. Biol Direct 2021; 16:18. [PMID: 34670590 PMCID: PMC8527311 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-021-00306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has an extraordinary regenerative capacity reflecting the rapid activation and effective differentiation of muscle stem cells (MuSCs). In the course of muscle regeneration, MuSCs are reprogrammed by immune cells. In turn, MuSCs confer immune cells anti-inflammatory properties to resolve inflammation and facilitate tissue repair. Indeed, MuSCs can exert therapeutic effects on various degenerative and inflammatory disorders based on their immunoregulatory ability, including effects primed by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). At the molecular level, the tryptophan metabolites, kynurenine or kynurenic acid, produced by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), augment the expression of TNF-stimulated gene 6 (TSG6) through the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). In addition, insulin growth factor 2 (IGF2) produced by MuSCs can endow maturing macrophages oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-dependent anti-inflammatory functions. Herein, we summarize the current understanding of the immunomodulatory characteristics of MuSCs and the issues related to their potential applications in pathological conditions, including COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankai Fang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Feng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Wangwang Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengbo Hou
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Zhanhong Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Muqiu Zuo
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyi Han
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Chenchang Xu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changshun Shao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yufang Shi
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. .,Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China.
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DNA methylation and histone variants in aging and cancer. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 364:1-110. [PMID: 34507780 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging-related diseases such as cancer can be traced to the accumulation of molecular disorder including increased DNA mutations and epigenetic drift. We provide a comprehensive review of recent results in mice and humans on modifications of DNA methylation and histone variants during aging and in cancer. Accumulated errors in DNA methylation maintenance lead to global decreases in DNA methylation with relaxed repression of repeated DNA and focal hypermethylation blocking the expression of tumor suppressor genes. Epigenetic clocks based on quantifying levels of DNA methylation at specific genomic sites is proving to be a valuable metric for estimating the biological age of individuals. Histone variants have specialized functions in transcriptional regulation and genome stability. Their concentration tends to increase in aged post-mitotic chromatin, but their effects in cancer are mainly determined by their specialized functions. Our increased understanding of epigenetic regulation and their modifications during aging has motivated interventions to delay or reverse epigenetic modifications using the epigenetic clocks as a rapid readout for efficacity. Similarly, the knowledge of epigenetic modifications in cancer is suggesting new approaches to target these modifications for cancer therapy.
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Shmueli MD, Sheban D, Eisenberg-Lerner A, Merbl Y. Histone degradation by the proteasome regulates chromatin and cellular plasticity. FEBS J 2021; 289:3304-3316. [PMID: 33914417 PMCID: PMC9292675 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Histones constitute the primary protein building blocks of the chromatin and play key roles in the dynamic control of chromatin compaction and epigenetic regulation. Histones are regulated by intricate mechanisms that alter their functionality and stability, thereby expanding the regulation of chromatin‐transacting processes. As such, histone degradation is tightly regulated to provide spatiotemporal control of cellular histone abundance. While several mechanisms have been implicated in controlling histone stability, here, we discuss proteasome‐dependent degradation of histones and the protein modifications that are associated with it. We then highlight specific cellular and physiological states that are associated with altered histone degradation by cellular proteasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merav D Shmueli
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daoud Sheban
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Yifat Merbl
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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20
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Abstract
Histone proteins regulate cellular factors’ accessibility to DNA, and histone dosage has previously been linked with DNA damage susceptibility and efficiency of DNA repair pathways. Surplus histones are known to impede the DNA repair process by interfering with the homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here, we discuss the recent finding of association of methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) resistance with the reduced histone H4 gene dosage in the pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata. We have earlier shown that while the low histone H3 gene dosage led to MMS susceptibility, the lack of two H4-encoding ORFs, CgHHF1 and CgHHF2, led to resistance to MMS-induced DNA damage. This resistance was linked with a higher rate of homologous recombination (HR). Taking these findings further, we review the interactome analysis of histones H3 and H4 in C. glabrata. We also report that the arginine residue present at the 95th position in the C-terminal tail of histone H4 protein is required for complementation of the MMS resistance in the Cghhf1Δhhf2Δ mutant, thereby pointing out a probable role of this residue in association with HR factors. Additionally, we present evidence that reduction in H4 protein levels may constitute an important part of varied stress responses in C. glabrata. Altogether, we present an overview of histone H4 dosage, HR-mediated repair of damaged DNA and stress resistance in this opportunistic human fungal pathogen.
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21
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Urinary Dimethylamine (DMA) and Its Precursor Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) in Clinical Medicine, in the Context of Nitric Oxide (NO) and Beyond. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061843. [PMID: 32545708 PMCID: PMC7356952 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric protein-arginine dimethylation is a major post-translational modification (PTM) catalyzed by protein-arginine methyltransferase (PRMT). Regular proteolysis releases asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). Of the daily produced ADMA, about 10% are excreted unchanged in the urine. The remaining 90% are hydrolyzed by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) to L-citrulline and dimethylamine (DMA), which is readily excreted in the urine. The PRMT/DDAH pathway is almost the exclusive origin of urinary ADMA and the major source of urinary DMA. Dietary fish and seafood represent additional abundant sources of urinary DMA. The present article provides an overview of urinary ADMA and DMA reported thus far in epidemiological, clinical and pharmacological studies, in connection with the L-arginine/nitric oxide (NO) pathway and beyond, in neonates, children and adolescents, young and elderly subjects, males and females. Discussed diseases mainly include those relating to the renal and cardiovascular systems such as peripheral arterial occlusive disease, coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, Becker muscular disease, Duchenne muscular disease (DMD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and type I diabetes. Under standardized conditions involving the abstinence of DMA-rich fresh and canned fish and seafood, urinary DMA and ADMA are useful as measures of whole-body asymmetric arginine-dimethylation in health and disease. The creatinine-corrected excretion rates of DMA range from 10 to 80 µmol/mmol in adults and up to 400 µmol/mmol in children and adolescents. The creatinine-corrected excretion rates of ADMA are on average 10 times lower. In general, diseases are associated with higher urinary DMA and ADMA excretion rates, and pharmacological treatment, such as with steroids and creatine (in DMD), decreases their excretion rates, which may be accompanied by a decreased urinary excretion of nitrate, the major metabolite of NO. In healthy subjects and in rheumatoid arthritis patients, the urinary excretion rate of DMA correlates positively with the excretion rate of dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG), the major urinary catecholamines metabolite, suggesting a potential interplay in the PRMT/DDAH/NO pathway.
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