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Tang P, Shen X, Gao J, Zhang J, Feng Y, Zhang J, Huang Z, Wang X. Distinct characteristics of BTLA/HVEM axis expression on Tregs and its impact on the expansion and attributes of Tregs in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1437207. [PMID: 39386167 PMCID: PMC11461443 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1437207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases. Understanding PTB immunity is of potential value for exploring immunotherapy for treating chemotherapy-resistant PTB. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are key players that impair immune responses to Mycobacteria tuberculosis (MTB). Currently, the intrinsic factors governing Treg expansion and influencing the immunosuppressive attributes of Tregs in PTB patients are far from clear. Methods Here, we employed flow cytometry to determine the frequency of Tregs and the expression of B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) and its ligand, herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), on Tregs in patients with active PTB. Furthermore, the expression of conventional T cells and of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) on Tregs in patients with active PTB was determined. We then examined the characteristics of BTLA/HVEM expression and its correlation with Treg frequency and PD-L1 and PD-1 expression on Tregs in PTB patients. Results The frequency of Tregs was increased in PTB patients and it had a relevance to PTB progression. Intriguingly, the axis of cosignal molecules, BTLA and HVEM, were both downregulated on the Tregs of PTB patients compared with healthy controls (HCs), which was the opposite of their upregulation on conventional T cells. Unexpectedly, their expression levels were positively correlated with the frequency of Tregs, respectively. These seemingly contradictory results may be interpreted as follows: the downregulation of BTLA and HVEM may alleviate BTLA/HVEM cis-interaction-mediated coinhibitory signals pressing on naïve Tregs, helping their activation, while the BTLA/HVEM axis on effector Tregs induces a costimulatory signal, promoting their expansion. Certainly, the mechanism underlying such complex effects remains to be explored. Additionally, PD-L1 and PD-1, regarded as two of the markers characterizing the immunosuppressive attributes and differentiation potential of Tregs, were upregulated on the Tregs of PTB patients. Further analysis revealed that the expression levels of BTLA and HVEM were positively correlated with the frequency of PD-1+Tregs and PD-L1+Tregs, respectively. Conclusion Our study illuminated distinct characteristics of BTLA/HVEM axis expression on Tregs and uncovered its impact on the expansion and attributes of Tregs in patients with active PTB. Therefore, blockade of the BTLA/HVEM axis may be a promising potential pathway to reduce Treg expansion for the improvement of anti-MTB immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Tuberculosis, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Suzhou, The Affiliated Infectious Disease Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinghua Shen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Suzhou, The Affiliated Infectious Disease Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianling Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Tuberculosis, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Suzhou, The Affiliated Infectious Disease Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Feng
- Department of Tuberculosis, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Suzhou, The Affiliated Infectious Disease Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ziyi Huang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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2
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Zheng Y, Han F, Wu Z, Wang B, Chen X, Boulouis C, Jiang Y, Ho A, He D, Sia WR, Mak JYW, Fairlie DP, Wang LF, Sandberg JK, Lobie PE, Ma S, Leeansyah E. MAIT cell activation and recruitment in inflammation and tissue damage in acute appendicitis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn6331. [PMID: 38865451 PMCID: PMC11168461 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn6331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are antimicrobial T cells abundant in the gut, but mechanisms for their migration into tissues during inflammation are poorly understood. Here, we used acute pediatric appendicitis (APA), a model of acute intestinal inflammation, to examine these migration mechanisms. MAIT cells were lower in numbers in circulation of patients with APA but were enriched in the inflamed appendix with increased production of proinflammatory cytokines. Using the patient-derived appendix organoid (PDAO) model, we found that circulating MAIT cells treated with inflammatory cytokines elevated in APA up-regulated chemokine receptors, including CCR1, CCR3, and CCR4. They exhibited enhanced infiltration of Escherichia coli-pulsed PDAO in a CCR1-, CCR2-, and CCR4-dependent manner. Close interactions of MAIT cells with infected organoids led to the PDAO structural destruction and death. These findings reveal a previously unidentified mechanism of MAIT cell tissue homing, their participation in tissue damage in APA, and their intricate relationship with mucosal tissues during acute intestinal inflammation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Zheng
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Precision Medicine and Healthcare Research Centre, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fei Han
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhengyu Wu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Xingchi Chen
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Caroline Boulouis
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuebin Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital of Fujian Province, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Amanda Ho
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Precision Medicine and Healthcare Research Centre, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dan He
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Precision Medicine and Healthcare Research Centre, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wan Rong Sia
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey Y. W. Mak
- Centre for Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David P. Fairlie
- Centre for Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lin-Fa Wang
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Johan K. Sandberg
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter E. Lobie
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Precision Medicine and Healthcare Research Centre, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shaohua Ma
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Precision Medicine and Healthcare Research Centre, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Edwin Leeansyah
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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3
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Palma Albornoz SP, Fraga-Silva TF, de Carvalho RV, Rodrigues TS, Gembre AF, de Oliveira RS, de Souza FM, Corrêa GF, Ramalho LN, Carlos D, de Almeida DC, Câmara NO, Zamboni DS, Takahashi VN, Sorgi CA, Faccioli LH, Medeiros AI, Costa DL, Bonato VL. Cell death induced by NLRP3-palmitate axis impairs pulmonary damage tolerance and aggravates immunopathology during obesity-tuberculosis comorbidity. J Pathol 2023; 259:291-303. [PMID: 36441400 DOI: 10.1002/path.6041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A low-grade and persistent inflammation, which is the hallmark of obesity, requires the participation of NLRP3 and cell death. During Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, NLRP3 signaling is important for bacterial killing by macrophages in vitro but was shown to be dispensable for host protection in vivo. We hypothesized that during obesity-tuberculosis (TB) comorbidity, NLRP3 signaling might play a detrimental role by inducing excessive inflammation. We employed a model of high-fat-diet-induced obesity, followed by M. tuberculosis infection in C57BL/6 mice. Obese mice presented increased susceptibility to infection and pulmonary immunopathology compared to lean mice. Using treatment with NLRP3 antagonist and Nlrp3-/- mice, we showed that NLRP3 signaling promoted cell death, with no effect in bacterial loads. The levels of palmitate were higher in the lungs of obese infected mice compared to lean counterparts, and we observed that this lipid increased M. tuberculosis-induced macrophage death in vitro, which was dependent on NLRP3 and caspase-1. At the chronic phase, although lungs of obese Nlrp3-/- mice showed an indication of granuloma formation compared to obese wild-type mice, there was no difference in the bacterial load. Our findings indicate that NLRP3 may be a potential target for host-directed therapy to reduce initial and severe inflammation-mediated disease and to treat comorbidity-associated TB. © 2022 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra P Palma Albornoz
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Fc Fraga-Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renan Vh de Carvalho
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamara S Rodrigues
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Gembre
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Silva de Oliveira
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Mesquita de Souza
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giseli Furlan Corrêa
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandra Nz Ramalho
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Carlos
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo C de Almeida
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Niels Os Câmara
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dario S Zamboni
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Cell Biology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viviani Nardini Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Bromatology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Sorgi
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Bromatology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucia H Faccioli
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Bromatology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandra I Medeiros
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Luís Costa
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vânia Ld Bonato
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mertowska P, Mertowski S, Podgajna M, Grywalska E. The Importance of the Transcription Factor Foxp3 in the Development of Primary Immunodeficiencies. J Clin Med 2022; 11:947. [PMID: 35207219 PMCID: PMC8874698 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11040947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors are an extremely important group of proteins that are responsible for the process of selective activation or deactivation of other cellular proteins, usually at the last stage of signal transmission in the cell. An important family of transcription factors that regulate the body's response is the FOX family which plays an important role in regulating the expression of genes involved in cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. The members of this family include the intracellular protein Foxp3, which regulates the process of differentiation of the T lymphocyte subpopulation, and more precisely, is responsible for the development of regulatory T lymphocytes. This protein influences several cellular processes both directly and indirectly. In the process of cytokine production regulation, the Foxp3 protein interacts with numerous proteins and transcription factors such as NFAT, nuclear factor kappa B, and Runx1/AML1 and is involved in the process of histone acetylation in condensed chromatin. Malfunctioning of transcription factor Foxp3 caused by the mutagenesis process affects the development of disorders of the immune response and autoimmune diseases. This applies to the impairment or inability of the immune system to fight infections due to a disruption of the mechanisms supporting immune homeostasis which in turn leads to the development of a special group of disorders called primary immunodeficiencies (PID). The aim of this review is to provide information on the role of the Foxp3 protein in the human body and its involvement in the development of two types of primary immunodeficiency diseases: IPEX (Immunodysregulation Polyendocrinopathy Enteropathy X-linked syndrome) and CVID (Common Variable Immunodeficiency).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastian Mertowski
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.M.); (M.P.); (E.G.)
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5
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Wang N, Vuerich M, Kalbasi A, Graham JJ, Csizmadia E, Manickas-Hill ZJ, Woolley A, David C, Miller EM, Gorman K, Hecht JL, Shaefi S, Robson SC, Longhi MS. Limited TCR repertoire and ENTPD1 dysregulation mark late-stage COVID-19. iScience 2021; 24:103205. [PMID: 34608452 PMCID: PMC8482538 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell exhaustion and dysfunction are hallmarks of severe COVID-19. To gain insights into the pathways underlying these alterations, we performed a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of peripheral-blood-mononuclear-cells (PBMCs), spleen, lung, kidney, liver, and heart obtained at autopsy from COVID-19 patients and matched controls, using the nCounter CAR-T-Characterization panel. We found substantial gene alterations in COVID-19-impacted organs, especially the lung where altered TCR repertoires are noted. Reduced TCR repertoires are also observed in PBMCs of severe COVID-19 patients. ENTPD1/CD39, an ectoenzyme defining exhausted T-cells, is upregulated in the lung, liver, spleen, and PBMCs of severe COVID-19 patients where expression positively correlates with markers of vasculopathy. Heightened ENTPD1/CD39 is paralleled by elevations in STAT-3 and HIF-1α transcription factors; and by markedly reduced CD39-antisense-RNA, a long-noncoding-RNA negatively regulating ENTPD1/CD39 at the post-transcriptional level. Limited TCR repertoire and aberrant regulation of ENTPD1/CD39 could have permissive roles in COVID-19 progression and indicate potential therapeutic targets to reverse disease. Transcriptome profiling of COVID-19 autoptic tissue and PBMC was carried out There is limited TCR repertoire in lung, kidney and PBMC of severe COVID-19 cases There are increased CD39 levels in PBMC of severe COVID-19 patients High HIF-1a and STAT-3 and low CD39-antisense might be linked with CD39 increase
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.,School of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Marta Vuerich
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ahmadreza Kalbasi
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jonathon J Graham
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Eva Csizmadia
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Ann Woolley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Clement David
- NanoString Technologies, 530 Fairview Avenue N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Eric M Miller
- NanoString Technologies, 530 Fairview Avenue N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Kara Gorman
- NanoString Technologies, 530 Fairview Avenue N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jonathan L Hecht
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Shahzad Shaefi
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Simon C Robson
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Maria Serena Longhi
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Tang N, Zhang YY, Cheng JH, Zhao ZB, Fan Y. Cross-talk between CXC chemokine ligand 10-CXC chemokine receptor 3 axis and CC chemokine ligand 17-CC chemokine receptor 4 axis in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2021; 39:405-412. [PMID: 34409795 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine whether a correlation existed between CXC chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10)-CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) and CC chemokine ligand 17 (CCL17)-CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP). METHODS Peripheral blood of OLP patients (non-erosive and erosive groups) and healthy controls were collected, and T cells were isolated and purified. T cells were co-cultured with three groups: blank, anti-CXCR3, and anti-CCR4. CXCR3 and CCR4 expression were detected by flow cytometry, and CXCL10 and CCL17 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RESULTS The purities of T cells were all >95% in the three groups (P>0.05). Receptor expression showed that CXCR3 and CCR4 in the anti-CXCR3 group was downregulated in OLP compared with the blank group (P>0.05). The level of CCR4 in the anti-CCR4 group was significantly downregulated (P<0.05), and CXCR3 was upregulated (P>0.05). Ligand analysis results showed that CXCL10 in the anti-CXCR3 group was significantly downregulated in OLP compared with the blank group (P<0.05), and CCL17 was also downregulated (P>0.05). CCL17 in the anti-CCR4 group was significantly downregulated (P<0.05), and CXCL10 was upregulated (P>0.05). The trend of receptors and ligands in controls was consistent with OLP, but no significant difference existed between the antagonistic and the blank groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Two axes interact with each other in the pathogenesis of OLP and may play different roles in its occurrence and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Tang
- Dept. of Oral Mucosal Diseases, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yu-Yao Zhang
- Dept. of Oral Mucosal Diseases, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jue-Hua Cheng
- Dept. of Oral Mucosal Diseases, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhi-Bai Zhao
- Dept. of Oral Mucosal Diseases, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yuan Fan
- Dept. of Oral Mucosal Diseases, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
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7
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Borah P, Deb PK, Venugopala KN, Al-Shar'i NA, Singh V, Deka S, Srivastava A, Tiwari V, Mailavaram RP. Tuberculosis: An Update on Pathophysiology, Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Resistance, Newer Anti-TB Drugs, Treatment Regimens and Host- Directed Therapies. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:547-570. [PMID: 33319660 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621999201211200447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human tuberculosis (TB) is primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that inhabits inside and amidst immune cells of the host with adapted physiology to regulate interdependent cellular functions with intact pathogenic potential. The complexity of this disease is attributed to various factors such as the reactivation of latent TB form after prolonged persistence, disease progression specifically in immunocompromised patients, advent of multi- and extensivelydrug resistant (MDR and XDR) Mtb strains, adverse effects of tailor-made regimens, and drug-drug interactions among anti-TB drugs and anti-HIV therapies. Thus, there is a compelling demand for newer anti-TB drugs or regimens to overcome these obstacles. Considerable multifaceted transformations in the current TB methodologies and molecular interventions underpinning hostpathogen interactions and drug resistance mechanisms may assist to overcome the emerging drug resistance. Evidently, recent scientific and clinical advances have revolutionised the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of all forms of the disease. This review sheds light on the current understanding of the pathogenesis of TB disease, molecular mechanisms of drug-resistance, progress on the development of novel or repurposed anti-TB drugs and regimens, host-directed therapies, with particular emphasis on underlying knowledge gaps and prospective for futuristic TB control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pobitra Borah
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandrapur Road, Panikhaiti, Guwahati-26, Assam, India
| | - Pran K Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, PO Box 1, Amman 19392, Jordan
| | - Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nizar A Al-Shar'i
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Vinayak Singh
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Satyendra Deka
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandrapur Road, Panikhaiti, Guwahati-26, Assam, India
| | - Amavya Srivastava
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221 005, India
| | - Vinod Tiwari
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221 005, India
| | - Raghu P Mailavaram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram - 534 202, West Godavari Dist., Andhra Pradesh, India
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8
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Palma Albornoz SP, Fraga-Silva TFDC, Gembre AF, de Oliveira RS, de Souza FM, Rodrigues TS, Kettelhut IDC, Manca CS, Jordao AA, Ramalho LNZ, Ribolla PEM, Carlos D, Bonato VLD. Obesity-Induced Dysbiosis Exacerbates IFN-γ Production and Pulmonary Inflammation in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Cells 2021; 10:1732. [PMID: 34359902 PMCID: PMC8303177 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota of the gut-lung axis affects local and far-reaching immune responses and might also trigger chronic and inflammatory diseases. We hypothesized that gut dysbiosis induced by obesity, which coexists in countries with a high tuberculosis burden, aggravates the host susceptibility and the pulmonary damage tolerance. To assess our hypothesis, we used a model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, followed by infection of C57BL/6 mice with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We showed that obesity increased the susceptibility, the pulmonary inflammation and IFN-γ levels in M. tuberculosis-infected mice. During the comorbidity obesity and tuberculosis, there is an increase of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in the lungs, and an increase of Firmicutes and butyrate in the feces. Depletion of gut microbiota by antibiotic treatment in the obese infected mice reduced the frequencies of CD4+IFN-γ+IL-17- cells and IFN-γ levels in the lungs, associated with an increase of Lactobacillus. Our findings reinforce the role of the gut-lung axis in chronic infections and suggest that the gut microbiota modulation may be a potential host-directed therapy as an adjuvant to treat TB in the context of IFN-γ-mediated immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Patricia Palma Albornoz
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (S.P.P.A.); (T.F.d.C.F.-S.); (R.S.d.O.); (F.M.d.S.); (T.S.R.); (D.C.)
| | - Thais Fernanda de Campos Fraga-Silva
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (S.P.P.A.); (T.F.d.C.F.-S.); (R.S.d.O.); (F.M.d.S.); (T.S.R.); (D.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (A.F.G.); (I.d.C.K.)
| | - Ana Flávia Gembre
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (A.F.G.); (I.d.C.K.)
| | - Rômulo Silva de Oliveira
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (S.P.P.A.); (T.F.d.C.F.-S.); (R.S.d.O.); (F.M.d.S.); (T.S.R.); (D.C.)
| | - Fernanda Mesquita de Souza
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (S.P.P.A.); (T.F.d.C.F.-S.); (R.S.d.O.); (F.M.d.S.); (T.S.R.); (D.C.)
| | - Tamara Silva Rodrigues
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (S.P.P.A.); (T.F.d.C.F.-S.); (R.S.d.O.); (F.M.d.S.); (T.S.R.); (D.C.)
| | - Isis do Carmo Kettelhut
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (A.F.G.); (I.d.C.K.)
| | - Camila Sanches Manca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil;
| | - Alceu Afonso Jordao
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil;
| | - Leandra Naira Zambelli Ramalho
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil;
| | | | - Daniela Carlos
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (S.P.P.A.); (T.F.d.C.F.-S.); (R.S.d.O.); (F.M.d.S.); (T.S.R.); (D.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (A.F.G.); (I.d.C.K.)
| | - Vânia Luiza Deperon Bonato
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (S.P.P.A.); (T.F.d.C.F.-S.); (R.S.d.O.); (F.M.d.S.); (T.S.R.); (D.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (A.F.G.); (I.d.C.K.)
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Leukocytes from Patients with Drug-Sensitive and Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Exhibit Distinctive Profiles of Chemokine Receptor Expression and Migration Capacity. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:6654220. [PMID: 33977111 PMCID: PMC8084684 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6654220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains as a leading infectious cause of death worldwide. The increasing number of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) cases contributes to the poor control of the TB epidemic. Currently, little is known about the immunological requirements of protective responses against MDR-TB. This is of major relevance to identify immune markers for treatment monitoring and targets for adjuvant immunotherapies. Here, we hypothesized that MDR-TB patients display unique immunophenotypical features and immune cell migration dynamics compared to drug-sensitive TB (DS-TB). Hence, we prospectively conducted an extensive characterization of the immune profile of MDR-TB patients at different time points before and after pharmacological therapy. For this purpose, we focused on the leukocyte expression of chemokine receptors, distribution of different monocyte and lymphocyte subsets, plasma levels of chemotactic factors, and in vitro migration capacity of immune cells. Our comparative cohort consisted of DS-TB patients and healthy volunteer donors (HD). Our results demonstrate some unique features of leukocyte migration dynamics during MDR-TB. These include increased and prolonged circulation of CD3+ monocytes, CCR4+ monocytes, EM CD4+ T cells, EM/CM CD8+ T cells, and CXCR1+CXCR3+ T cells that is sustained even after the administration of anti-TB drugs. We also observed shared characteristics of both MDR-TB and DS-TB that include CCR2+ monocyte depletion in the blood; high plasma levels of MPC-1, CCL-7, and IP-10; and increased responsiveness of leukocytes to chemotactic signals in vitro. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the MDR-TB pathobiology and uncovers immunological readouts of treatment efficacy.
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Li S, Zhu Y, Li R, Huang J, You K, Yuan Y, Zhuang S. LncRNA Lnc-APUE is Repressed by HNF4 α and Promotes G1/S Phase Transition and Tumor Growth by Regulating MiR-20b/E2F1 Axis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2003094. [PMID: 33854885 PMCID: PMC8025008 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been annotated, but their functions remain unknown. The authors found a novel lnc-APUE (lncRNA accelerating proliferation by upregulating E2F1) that is upregulated in different cancer types, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and high lnc-APUE level is associated with short recurrence-free survival (RFS) of HCC patients. Gain- and loss-of-function analyses showed that lnc-APUE accelerated G1/S transition and tumor cell growth in vitro and allows hepatoma xenografts to grow faster in vivo. Mechanistically, lnc-APUE binds to miR-20b and relieves its repression on E2F1 expression, resulting in increased E2F1 level and accelerated G1/S phase transition and cell proliferation. Consistently, lnc-APUE level is positively associated with the expression of E2F1 and its downstream target genes in HCC tissues. Further investigations disclose that hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) binds to the lnc-APUE promoter, represses lnc-APUE transcription, then diminishes E2F1 expression and cell proliferation. HNF4α expression is reduced in HCC tissues and low HNF4α level is correlated with high lnc-APUE expression. Collectively, a HNF4α/lnc-APUE/miR-20b/E2F1 axis in which HNF4α represses lnc-APUE expression and keeps E2F1 at a low level is identified. In tumor cells, HNF4α downregulation leads to lnc-APUE upregulation, which prevents the inhibition of miR-20b on E2F1 expression and thereby promotes cell cycle progression and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song‐Yang Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationSchool of Life SciencesCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China
| | - Ying Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationSchool of Life SciencesCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China
| | - Ruo‐Nan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationSchool of Life SciencesCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China
| | - Jia‐Hui Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationSchool of Life SciencesCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China
| | - Kai You
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationSchool of Life SciencesCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China
| | - Yun‐Fei Yuan
- Department of Hepatobilliary OncologyCancer CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510060China
| | - Shi‐Mei Zhuang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and RegulationSchool of Life SciencesCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China
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