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Maqbool M, Hussain MS, Bisht AS, Kumari A, Kamran A, Sultana A, Kumar R, Khan Y, Gupta G. Connecting the dots: LncRNAs in the KRAS pathway and cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 262:155570. [PMID: 39226802 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as important participants in several biological functions, particularly their complex interactions with the KRAS pathway, which provide insights into the significant roles lncRNAs play in cancer development. The KRAS pathway, a central signaling cascade crucial for cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation, stands out as a key therapeutic target due to its aberrant activation in many human cancers. Recent investigations have unveiled a myriad of lncRNAs, such as H19, ANRIL, and MEG3, intricately modulating the KRAS pathway, influencing both its activation and repression through various mechanisms, including epigenetic modifications, transcriptional regulation, and post-transcriptional control. These lncRNAs function as fine-tuners, delicately orchestrating the balance required for normal cellular function. Their dysregulation has been linked to the development and progression of multiple malignancies, including lung, pancreatic, and colorectal carcinomas, which frequently harbor KRAS mutations. This scrutiny delves into the functional diversity of specific lncRNAs within the KRAS pathway, elucidating their molecular mechanisms and downstream effects on cancer phenotypes. Additionally, it underscores the diagnostic and prognostic potential of these lncRNAs as indicators for cancer detection and assessment. The complex regulatory network that lncRNAs construct within the context of the KRAS pathway offers important insights for the creation of focused therapeutic approaches, opening new possibilities for precision medicine in oncology. However, challenges such as the dual roles of lncRNAs in different cancer types and the difficulty in therapeutically targeting these molecules highlight the ongoing debates and need for further research. As ongoing studies unveil the complexities of lncRNA-mediated KRAS pathway modulation, the potential for innovative cancer interventions becomes increasingly promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Maqbool
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Md Sadique Hussain
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India.
| | - Ajay Singh Bisht
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Patel Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001, India
| | - Alka Kumari
- University institute of pharmacy, Chandigarh University, Gharaun, Punjab 140413, India
| | - Almaz Kamran
- HIMT College of Pharmacy, Plot No. 08, Knowledge Park - 1, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Ayesha Sultana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya University, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Yumna Khan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (Health Division), The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25000, Pakistan
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Research Impact & Outcome-Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
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2
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Fu Y, Gu Z, Cao H, Zuo C, Huang Y, Song Y, Miao J, Jiang Y, Wang F. Proteomic characterization of the medial prefrontal cortex in chronic restraint stress mice. J Proteomics 2024; 307:105278. [PMID: 39142625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a prominent contributor to global disability. A growing body of data suggests that depression is associated with the pathophysiology of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Mice were subjected to chronic restraint stress (CRS) for 3 weeks to create depression models during this investigation. Protein tandem mass tag (TMT) quantification and LC-MS/MS analysis were conducted to examine proteome patterns. Afterwards, to further explore the enrichment of differential proteins and the signaling pathways involved, we annotated these differentially expressed proteins. We confirmed that CRS mice developed depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors. Among the 8081 measured proteins, a total of 15 proteins were found to be differentially expressed. These proteins exhibited functional enrichment in a variety of biological functions, and among these pathways, alterations in synaptic function and autophagy are noteworthy. In addition, we identified a differentially expressed protein called Wnt2b and found that CRS may disrupt synaptic plasticity by affecting the activation of the Wnt2b/β-catenin pathway. Our findings showed depression-like behaviors in the CRS mouse model and molecular alterations in the mPFC, which may help explain the pathogenesis of depression and identify novel antidepressant medication targets. SIGNIFICANCE: Depression is a prevalent and frequent chronic mental illness and is now a significant contributor to global disability. In this study, we used chronic restraint stress to establish a mouse model of depression, and differentially expressed proteins in the medial prefrontal cortex of depressed model mice were detected by TMT proteomics. Our study verified the presence of altered synaptic function and excessive autophagy in the mPFC of CRS-induced mice from a proteomic perspective. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CRS may disrupt synaptic plasticity by affecting the activation of the Wnt2b/β-catenin pathway, which may be a key link in the pathogenesis of depression and may provide new insights for identifying new antidepressant drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Fu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongya Gu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Cao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chengchao Zuo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yaqi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jinfeng Miao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yongsheng Jiang
- Cancer Center of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Furong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging (HUST), Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
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Sarkar S, Moitra P, Bera S, Bhattacharya S. Antisense Oligonucleotide Embedded Context Responsive Nanoparticles Derived from Synthetic Ionizable Lipids for lncRNA Targeted Therapy of Breast Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:45871-45887. [PMID: 39163516 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
The long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) are primarily associated with several essential gene regulations but are also connected to cancer metabolism and progression. HOTAIR and MALAT1 are two such lncRNAs that are detected in malignancies of various origins and are responsible for the poor prognosis of cancer patients. Due to these factors, the lncRNAs have emerged as prime targets for the development of anticancer therapeutics. However, nonviral delivery of lncRNA-targeted antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) still remains a critical challenge while maintaining their structural and functional integrity. Herein, we have designed and synthesized a new series of ionizable lipids with variations in their head groups to prepare lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulation along with cholesterol-based twin cationic lipid and amphiphilic zwitterionic lipid. The context responsiveness of these formulations in delivering the ASOs has been thoroughly investigated by various bioanalytical techniques, and an optimum formulation has been identified. The LNPs are utilized to deliver the ASOs targeting HOTAIR lncRNA in human cancer cell lines and MALAT1 lncRNA in mouse models. This study thus standardizes an advanced nanomaterial system for nonviral gene delivery that has been validated by a considerable reduction in the target lncRNA level under in vitro and a significant reduction in tumor volume under in vivo settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Sarkar
- School of Applied & Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Parikshit Moitra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur (IISER Berhampur), Berhampur, Odisha 760003, India
| | - Sayan Bera
- School of Applied & Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- School of Applied & Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati (IISER Tirupati), Srinivasapuram, Yerpedu Mandal, Tirupati District, Andhra Pradesh 517619, India
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Kim SY, Na MJ, Yoon S, Shin E, Ha JW, Jeon S, Nam SW. The roles and mechanisms of coding and noncoding RNA variations in cancer. Exp Mol Med 2024:10.1038/s12276-024-01307-x. [PMID: 39218979 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01307-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional variations in coding and noncoding RNAs are crucial in tumorigenesis, with cancer-specific alterations often resulting from chemical modifications and posttranscriptional processes mediated by enzymes. These RNA variations have been linked to tumor cell proliferation, growth, metastasis, and drug resistance and are valuable for identifying diagnostic or prognostic cancer biomarkers. The diversity of posttranscriptional RNA modifications, such as splicing, polyadenylation, methylation, and editing, is particularly significant due to their prevalence and impact on cancer progression. Additionally, other modifications, including RNA acetylation, circularization, miRNA isomerization, and pseudouridination, are recognized as key contributors to cancer development. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these RNA modifications in cancer can enhance our knowledge of cancer biology and facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. Targeting these RNA modifications and their regulatory enzymes may pave the way for novel RNA-based therapies, enabling tailored interventions for specific cancer subtypes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the roles and mechanisms of various coding and noncoding RNA modifications in cancer progression and highlights recent advancements in RNA-based therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yean Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Functional RNomics Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- NEORNAT Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Na
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Functional RNomics Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- NEORNAT Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungpil Yoon
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Functional RNomics Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- NEORNAT Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunbi Shin
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Functional RNomics Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Woong Ha
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Functional RNomics Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soyoung Jeon
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Functional RNomics Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk Woo Nam
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Functional RNomics Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- NEORNAT Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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5
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Lashkarboloki M, Jahanbakhshi A, Mowla SJ, Bjeije H, M Soltani B. Oncogenic roles of long non-coding RNAs in essential glioblastoma signaling pathways. J Neurogenet 2024:1-17. [PMID: 39169886 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2024.2390403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive and diffuse type of glioma with the lowest survival rate in patients. The recent failure of multiple treatments suggests that targeting several targets at once may be a different strategy to overcome GBM carcinogenesis. Normal function of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes need for the preservation of regular cellular processes, so any defects in these genes' activity, operate the corresponding signaling pathways, which initiate carcinogenic processes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that can be found in the cytoplasm or nucleus of the cells, control the transcription and translation of genes. LncRNAs perform a variety of functions, including epigenetic alteration, protein modification and stability, transcriptional regulation, and competition for miRNA that regulate mRNA translation through sponging miRNAs. Identification of various oncogenic lncRNAs and their multiple roles in brain cancers making them potential candidates for use as glioma diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets in the future. This study highlighted multiple oncogenic lncRNAs and classified them into different signaling pathways based on the regulated target genes in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Lashkarboloki
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Jahanbakhshi
- Skull Base Research Center, Rasool Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Mowla
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Bjeije
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bahram M Soltani
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Suri S, Boora GS, Kaur R, Chauhan A, Ghoshal S, Pal A. Recent advances in minimally invasive biomarkers of OSCC: from generalized to personalized approach. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2024; 5:1426507. [PMID: 39157206 PMCID: PMC11327221 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1426507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is the 6th most common type of cancer worldwide, and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for >90% of oral cancers. It is a major health problem, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), due to both its high incidence and significant mortality and morbidity. Despite being a global burden, and even with the significant advancement in the management of OSCC, the overall outcome of the disease is still abysmal. With the advent of time, advanced diagnostic and treatment approaches have come into practice, but the burden of the disease has not improved significantly. Major reasons attributed to the poor outcome are delay in diagnosis, locoregional recurrence and resistance to the currently available treatment regimen. In this review, we have highlighted the existing challenges in the diagnosis and have emphasized the advancements in minimally invasive biomarkers. Additionally, the importance of collaborative multidimensional approaches involving clinicians and researchers has been discussed, as well as the need to redefine and establish better utility and management of existing diagnostic and treatment protocols along with the minimally invasive/non-invasive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smriti Suri
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh,India
| | - Geeta S. Boora
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh,India
| | - Rajandeep Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh,India
| | - Anshika Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh,India
| | - Sushmita Ghoshal
- Department of Radiotherapy, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Arnab Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh,India
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7
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Coan M, Haefliger S, Ounzain S, Johnson R. Targeting and engineering long non-coding RNAs for cancer therapy. Nat Rev Genet 2024; 25:578-595. [PMID: 38424237 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-024-00693-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
RNA therapeutics (RNATx) aim to treat diseases, including cancer, by targeting or employing RNA molecules for therapeutic purposes. Amongst the most promising targets are long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which regulate oncogenic molecular networks in a cell type-restricted manner. lncRNAs are distinct from protein-coding genes in important ways that increase their therapeutic potential yet also present hurdles to conventional clinical development. Advances in genome editing, oligonucleotide chemistry, multi-omics and RNA engineering are paving the way for efficient and cost-effective lncRNA-focused drug discovery pipelines. In this Review, we present the emerging field of lncRNA therapeutics for oncology, with emphasis on the unique strengths and challenges of lncRNAs within the broader RNATx framework. We outline the necessary steps for lncRNA therapeutics to deliver effective, durable, tolerable and personalized treatments for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Coan
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simon Haefliger
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Rory Johnson
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- FutureNeuro, SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, Dublin, Ireland.
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8
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Agrawal A, Vindal V. Competing endogenous RNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a review. Brief Funct Genomics 2024; 23:335-348. [PMID: 37941447 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elad049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of RNA biology has evolved with recent advances in research from it being a non-functional product to molecules of the genome with specific regulatory functions. Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), which has gained prominence over time as an essential part of post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism, is one such example. The ceRNA biology hypothesis states that coding RNA and non-coding RNA co-regulate each other using microRNA (miRNA) response elements. The ceRNA components include long non-coding RNAs, pseudogene and circular RNAs that exert their effect by interacting with miRNA and regulate the expression level of its target genes. Emerging evidence has revealed that the dysregulation of the ceRNA network is attributed to the pathogenesis of various cancers, including the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This is the most prevalent cancer developed from the mucosal epithelium in the lip, oral cavity, larynx and pharynx. Although many efforts have been made to comprehend the cause and subsequent treatment of HNSCC, the morbidity and mortality rate remains high. Hence, there is an urgent need to understand the holistic progression of HNSCC, mediated by ceRNA, that can have immense relevance in identifying novel biomarkers with a defined therapeutic intervention. In this review, we have made an effort to highlight the ceRNA biology hypothesis with a focus on its involvement in the progression of HNSCC. For the identification of such ceRNAs, we have additionally highlighted a number of databases and tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avantika Agrawal
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Vaibhav Vindal
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
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Zhou L, Liu X, Wu T, Liu Q, Jing M, Li H, Xu N, Tang H. Identification of survival related key genes and long-term survival specific differentially expressed genes related key miRNA network of primary glioblastoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28439. [PMID: 38601561 PMCID: PMC11004527 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary glioblastoma(pGBM) is the most malignant tumor of the central nervous system. Radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgical treatment have little effect on the survival of pGBM patients. The prognosis is often poorly once the tumor recurs. It is urgent to develop new therapies for patients. In recent years, studies have been clarified that miRNA have a powerful regulating effect on the genes. However, the main group of miRNAs in regulating long-term survival specific related genes of pGBM is still unclear. Given that the survival period of most glioma patients is relatively short, studying long-term survival patients with pGBM is of great value for this disease. Our study aim to identify key miRNAs with long-term survival related genes present in pGBM and uncover their potential mechanisms. The gene expression profiles of GSE53733, GSE15824, GSE30563, GSE50161 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Firstly, samples were divided into 3 groups according to its survival time and each group compare to the normal control group. Then we obtained differential expression genes (DEGs) with a long-term survival specific (LTSDEGs) and a short-term survival specific DEGs (STSDEGs). Next, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were conducted with LTSDEGs and STSDEGs together. Moreover, we used the UALCAN database to verify LTSDEGs and STSDEGs, and obtained long-term verified survival specific DEGs(LTVSDEGs) and short-term verified survival specific DEGs(STVSDEGs). Finally, we established the predicted key miRNAs-LTVSDEGs interaction network. The protein expressions of the top 4 LTVSDEGs were verified in the HPA database with immunohistochemical staining. In total, we found 260 genes changed in LTSDEGs and 822 genes changed in STSDEGs. GO and KEGG results shown that the major changes are focused on tumor metabolism. 9 LTVSDEGs and 18 STVSDEGs were verified in UALCAN database. As for protein expression verification in top 4 LTVSDEGs, ZNF630, BLVRB and RPA3 were verified, while TPBG was not detected. We obtained 59 key miRNA from the predicted key miRNAs-LTVSDEGs interaction network. 25 key miRNAs were verified using GSE90603. Finally, we constructed the key miRNAs-LTVSDEGs network using a Sankey diagram, including 25 miRNAs and 7 LTVSDEGs. In conclusion, our study shows that there is a close relationship between metabolic changes and survival in pGBM. Besides, we established a key miRNAs-LTVSDEGs network for pGBM, which could be the key path in prolonging the life of pGBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingqi Zhou
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510623, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment, Guangzhou, 510623, China
- Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Shunde Hospital,Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan, 528308, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080,China
| | - Qundi Liu
- Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medicine College, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Meilian Jing
- Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medicine College, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Huahan Li
- Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medicine College, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518111, China
| | - Hai Tang
- Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medicine College, Jiangmen, 529000, China
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080,China
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Karthik S, Mohan S, Magesh I, Bharathy A, Kolipaka R, Ganesamoorthi S, Sathiya K, Shanmugavadivu A, Gurunathan R, Selvamurugan N. Chitosan nanocarriers for non-coding RNA therapeutics: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130361. [PMID: 38395284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Non-coding RNA (ncRNA)-based therapies entail delivering ncRNAs to cells to regulate gene expression and produce proteins that combat infections, cancer, neurological diseases, and bone abnormalities. Nevertheless, the therapeutic potential of these ncRNAs has been limited due to the difficulties in delivering them to specific cellular targets within the body. Chitosan (CS), a biocompatible cationic polymer, interacts with negatively charged RNA molecules to form stable complexes. It is a promising biomaterial to develop nanocarriers for ncRNA delivery, overcoming several disadvantages of traditional delivery systems. CS-based nanocarriers can protect ncRNAs from degradation and target-specific delivery by surface modifications and intracellular release profiles over an extended period. This review briefly summarizes the recent developments in CS nanocarriers' synthesis and design considerations and their applications in ncRNA therapeutics for treating various diseases. We also discuss the challenges and limitations of CS-based nanocarriers for ncRNA therapeutics and potential strategies for overcoming these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Karthik
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sahithya Mohan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Induja Magesh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashok Bharathy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rushil Kolipaka
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srinidhi Ganesamoorthi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Sathiya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abinaya Shanmugavadivu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raghav Gurunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Xue ST, Cao SQ, Ding JC, Li WJ, Hu GS, Zheng JC, Lin X, Chen C, Liu W, Zheng B. LncRNA LUESCC promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting the miR-6785-5p/NRSN2 axis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:121. [PMID: 38457049 PMCID: PMC10924007 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal malignancies with high mortality worldwide. Emerging evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in human cancers, including ESCC. However, the detailed mechanisms of lncRNAs in the regulation of ESCC progression remain incompletely understood. LUESCC was upregulated in ESCC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, which was associated with gender, deep invasion, lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis of ESCC patients. LUESCC was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of ESCC cells. Knockdown of LUESCC inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistic investigation indicated that LUESCC functions as a ceRNA by sponging miR-6785-5p to enhance NRSN2 expression, which is critical for the malignant behaviors of ESCC. Furthermore, ASO targeting LUESCC substantially suppressed ESCC both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, these data demonstrate that LUESCC may exerts its oncogenic role by sponging miR-6785-5p to promote NRSN2 expression in ESCC, providing a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Tao Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Shi-Qiang Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Jian-Cheng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Wen-Juan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jian-Cong Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Chun Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Bin Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
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12
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Cao SQ, Xue ST, Li WJ, Hu GS, Wu ZG, Zheng JC, Zhang SL, Lin X, Chen C, Liu W, Zheng B. CircHIPK3 regulates fatty acid metabolism through miR-637/FASN axis to promote esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:110. [PMID: 38431720 PMCID: PMC10908791 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01881-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic role of circRNA in cancers including esophageal cancer (EC) has been well studied. However, whether and how circRNAs are involved in cancer cell metabolic processes remains largely unknown. Here, we reported that circRNA, circHIPK3, is highly expressed in ESCC cell lines and tissues. Knockdown of circHIPK3 significantly restrained cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, circHIPK3 was found to act as a ceRNA by sponging miR-637 to regulate FASN expression and fatty acid metabolism in ESCC cells. Anti-sense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting circHIPK3 substantially inhibited ESCC both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, these results uncover a modulatory axis constituting of circHIPK3/miR-637/FASN may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for ESCC in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qiang Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Song-Tao Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Wen-Juan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Jian-Cong Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Shu-Liang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Chun Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
| | - Bin Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.
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13
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Wang Y, Qin Z, Chen Y, Zheng Y, Jia L. A Novel LncRNA MASCC1 Regulates the Progression and Metastasis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Sponging miR-195. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5792. [PMID: 38136338 PMCID: PMC10741893 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The altered expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is associated with human carcinogenesis. We performed a high-throughput analysis of lncRNA expression in strictly selected pairs of metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and non-metastatic HNSCC samples. We identified a novel lncRNA, which was highly expressed in metastatic HNSCC, named Metastasis Associated Squamous Cell Carcinoma 1 (MASCC1), for further study. Using qRT-PCR, we further compared MASCC1 expression in 60 HNSCC samples. The results show that high expression of MASCC1 in patients with HNSCC was related to poor prognosis. In vitro, MASCC1 knockdown (KD) inhibited HNSCC proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor sphere formation, while promoting apoptosis. In vivo, MASCC1 KD inhibited HNSCC growth and lymph node metastasis. Mechanistically, MASCC1 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by binding to miR-195, subsequently regulating the expression of Cyclin D1, BCL-2, and YAP1. Moreover, miR-195 overexpression rescued the effects of MASCC1 on the biological behaviors of HNSCC. Taken together, our results suggest that MASCC1 is a novel oncogene that can predict the prognosis of patients with HNSCC and is a potential therapeutic target for HNSCC intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (Z.Q.); (Y.C.)
| | - Zhen Qin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (Z.Q.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yiwen Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (Z.Q.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yunfei Zheng
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lingfei Jia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (Z.Q.); (Y.C.)
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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14
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Saadh MJ, Almoyad MAA, Arellano MTC, Maaliw RR, Castillo-Acobo RY, Jalal SS, Gandla K, Obaid M, Abdulwahed AJ, Ibrahem AA, Sârbu I, Juyal A, Lakshmaiya N, Akhavan-Sigari R. Long non-coding RNAs: controversial roles in drug resistance of solid tumors mediated by autophagy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2023; 92:439-453. [PMID: 37768333 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-023-04582-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Current genome-wide studies have indicated that a great number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcribed from the human genome and appeared as crucial regulators in a variety of cellular processes. Many studies have displayed a significant function of lncRNAs in the regulation of autophagy. Autophagy is a macromolecular procedure in cells in which intracellular substrates and damaged organelles are broken down and recycled to relieve cell stress resulting from nutritional deprivation, irradiation, hypoxia, and cytotoxic agents. Autophagy can be a double-edged sword and play either a protective or a damaging role in cells depending on its activation status and other cellular situations, and its dysregulation is related to tumorigenesis in various solid tumors. Autophagy induced by various therapies has been shown as a unique mechanism of resistance to anti-cancer drugs. Growing evidence is showing the important role of lncRNAs in modulating drug resistance via the regulation of autophagy in a variety of cancers. The role of lncRNAs in drug resistance of cancers is controversial; they may promote or suppress drug resistance via either activation or inhibition of autophagy. Mechanisms by which lncRNAs regulate autophagy to affect drug resistance are different, mainly mediated by the negative regulation of micro RNAs. In this review, we summarize recent studies that investigated the role of lncRNAs/autophagy axis in drug resistance of different types of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, 11831, Jordan
| | | | | | - Renato R Maaliw
- College of Engineering, Southern Luzon State University, Lucban, Quezon, Philippines
| | | | - Sarah Salah Jalal
- College of Nursing, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Kumaraswamy Gandla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Chaitanya, Hanamkonda, India
| | | | | | - Azher A Ibrahem
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Ioan Sârbu
- 2nd Department of Surgery-Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115, Iași, Romania.
| | - Ashima Juyal
- Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Natrayan Lakshmaiya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Nguyen J, Le Q, Win PW, Hill KA, Singh SM, Castellani CA. Decoding mitochondrial-nuclear (epi)genome interactions: the emerging role of ncRNAs. Epigenomics 2023; 15:1121-1136. [PMID: 38031736 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bidirectional communication between the mitochondria and the nucleus is required for several physiological processes, and the nuclear epigenome is a key mediator of this relationship. ncRNAs are an emerging area of discussion for their roles in cellular function and regulation. In this review, we highlight the role of mitochondrial-encoded ncRNAs as mediators of communication between the mitochondria and the nuclear genome. We focus primarily on retrograde signaling, a process in which the mitochondrion relays ncRNAs to translate environmental stress signals to changes in nuclear gene expression, with implications on stress responses that may include disease(s). Other biological roles of mitochondrial-encoded ncRNAs, such as mitochondrial import of proteins and regulation of cell signaling, will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Nguyen
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Quinn Le
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Phyo W Win
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Kathleen A Hill
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Shiva M Singh
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Research Institute, London, ON, N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Christina A Castellani
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Research Institute, London, ON, N6C 2R5, Canada
- McKusick-Nathans Institute, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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16
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Temaj G, Chichiarelli S, Saha S, Telkoparan-Akillilar P, Nuhii N, Hadziselimovic R, Saso L. An intricate rewiring of cancer metabolism via alternative splicing. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115848. [PMID: 37813165 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
All human genes undergo alternative splicing leading to the diversity of the proteins. However, in some cases, abnormal regulation of alternative splicing can result in diseases that trigger defects in metabolism, reduced apoptosis, increased proliferation, and progression in almost all tumor types. Metabolic dysregulations and immune dysfunctions are crucial factors in cancer. In this respect, alternative splicing in tumors could be a potential target for therapeutic cancer strategies. Dysregulation of alternative splicing during mRNA maturation promotes carcinogenesis and drug resistance in many cancer types. Alternative splicing (changing the target mRNA 3'UTR binding site) can result in a protein with altered drug affinity, ultimately leading to drug resistance.. Here, we will highlight the function of various alternative splicing factors, how it regulates the reprogramming of cancer cell metabolism, and their contribution to tumor initiation and proliferation. Also, we will discuss emerging therapeutics for treating tumors via abnormal alternative splicing. Finally, we will discuss the challenges associated with these therapeutic strategies for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gazmend Temaj
- Faculty of Pharmacy, College UBT, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Silvia Chichiarelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura 00185, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Nexhibe Nuhii
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Tetovo, 1200 Tetovo, Macedonia
| | - Rifat Hadziselimovic
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", La Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Sajeev A, BharathwajChetty B, Vishwa R, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Crosstalk between Non-Coding RNAs and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Head and Neck Cancer: Identification of Novel Biomarkers and Therapeutic Agents. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:63. [PMID: 37888209 PMCID: PMC10610319 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9050063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNC) encompass a broad spectrum of neoplastic disorders characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. While contemporary therapeutic interventions offer promise, challenges persist due to tumor recurrence and metastasis. Central to HNC pathogenesis is the aberration in numerous signaling cascades. Prominently, the Wnt signaling pathway has been critically implicated in the etiology of HNC, as supported by a plethora of research. Equally important, variations in the expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been identified to modulate key cancer phenotypes such as cellular proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastatic potential, recurrence, and treatment resistance. This review aims to provide an exhaustive insight into the multifaceted influence of ncRNAs on HNC, with specific emphasis on their interactions with the Wnt/β-catenin (WBC) signaling axis. We further delineate the effect of ncRNAs in either exacerbating or attenuating HNC progression via interference with WBC signaling. An overview of the mechanisms underlying the interplay between ncRNAs and WBC signaling is also presented. In addition, we described the potential of various ncRNAs in enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic modalities. In summary, this assessment posits the potential of ncRNAs as therapeutic agents targeting the WBC signaling pathway in HNC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; (A.S.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Bandari BharathwajChetty
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; (A.S.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Ravichandran Vishwa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; (A.S.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; (A.S.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
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18
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Li GZ, Meng GX, Pan GQ, Zhang X, Yan LJ, Li RZ, Ding ZN, Tan SY, Wang DX, Tian BW, Yan YC, Dong ZR, Hong JG, Li T. MALAT1/ mir-1-3p mediated BRF2 expression promotes HCC progression via inhibiting the LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:188. [PMID: 37653482 PMCID: PMC10472681 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03034-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) has been reported to play a vital role in the occurrence and development of various tumors. However, the underlying mechanism of MALAT1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been thoroughly elucidated. METHODS The expression levels of MALAT1 in HCC tissues and different cell lines were detected by qRT-PCR. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASO)-MALAT1 transfected cells were used to explore the biological effects of MALAT1 in HCC cells by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8), colony formation, transwell, wound healing, and flow cytometry analysis. Western blotting was performed to measure AMPK and apoptosis-related protein levels. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the relationship between MALAT1 and its specific targets. RESULTS We found that MALAT1 was upregulated in HCC, and MALAT1 knockdown in HCC cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibited apoptosis in vitro. Further studies demonstrated that MALAT1 positively regulated the expression of transcription factor II B‑related factor 2 (BRF2), which was associated with tumor recurrence, large tumor size, and poor prognosis in HCC. Mechanistically, MALAT1 was found to act as a competitive endogenous RNA to sponge has-miR-1-3p, which upregulated BRF2 expression. Knockdown of BRF2 inhibited the progression of HCC by activating the LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway. Overexpression of BRF2 reversed the inhibitory effect of MALAT1 knockdown on HCC cell viability. Moreover, ASO targeting MALAT1 inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate a novel MALAT1/miR-1-3p/BRF2/LKB1/AMPK regulatory axis in HCC, which may provide new molecular therapeutic targets for HCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Zhen Li
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Guang-Xiao Meng
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Lun-Jie Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Rui-Zhe Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Zi-Niu Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Si-Yu Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Dong-Xu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Bao-Wen Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yu-Chuan Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Zhao-Ru Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jian-Guo Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Tao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, China.
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19
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Ahmad M, Weiswald LB, Poulain L, Denoyelle C, Meryet-Figuiere M. Involvement of lncRNAs in cancer cells migration, invasion and metastasis: cytoskeleton and ECM crosstalk. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:173. [PMID: 37464436 PMCID: PMC10353155 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02741-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the main cause of death worldwide and metastasis is a major cause of poor prognosis and cancer-associated mortality. Metastatic conversion of cancer cells is a multiplex process, including EMT through cytoskeleton remodeling and interaction with TME. Tens of thousands of putative lncRNAs have been identified, but the biological functions of most are still to be identified. However, lncRNAs have already emerged as key regulators of gene expression at transcriptional and post-transcriptional level to control gene expression in a spatio-temporal fashion. LncRNA-dependent mechanisms can control cell fates during development and their perturbed expression is associated with the onset and progression of many diseases including cancer. LncRNAs have been involved in each step of cancer cells metastasis through different modes of action. The investigation of lncRNAs different roles in cancer metastasis could possibly lead to the identification of new biomarkers and innovative cancer therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ahmad
- (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Baclesse Cancer Centre, Université de Caen Normandie Inserm Anticipe UMR 1086, Normandie Univ, Research Building, F-14000 François 3 Avenue Général Harris, BP 45026, 14 076, cedex 05, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 14000, Egypt
| | - Louis-Bastien Weiswald
- (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Baclesse Cancer Centre, Université de Caen Normandie Inserm Anticipe UMR 1086, Normandie Univ, Research Building, F-14000 François 3 Avenue Général Harris, BP 45026, 14 076, cedex 05, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Laurent Poulain
- (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Baclesse Cancer Centre, Université de Caen Normandie Inserm Anticipe UMR 1086, Normandie Univ, Research Building, F-14000 François 3 Avenue Général Harris, BP 45026, 14 076, cedex 05, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Christophe Denoyelle
- (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Baclesse Cancer Centre, Université de Caen Normandie Inserm Anticipe UMR 1086, Normandie Univ, Research Building, F-14000 François 3 Avenue Général Harris, BP 45026, 14 076, cedex 05, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Matthieu Meryet-Figuiere
- (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Baclesse Cancer Centre, Université de Caen Normandie Inserm Anticipe UMR 1086, Normandie Univ, Research Building, F-14000 François 3 Avenue Général Harris, BP 45026, 14 076, cedex 05, Caen, France.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France.
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20
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Liu M, Zhang S, Zhou H, Hu X, Li J, Fu B, Wei M, Huang H, Wu H. The interplay between non-coding RNAs and alternative splicing: from regulatory mechanism to therapeutic implications in cancer. Theranostics 2023; 13:2616-2631. [PMID: 37215575 PMCID: PMC10196821 DOI: 10.7150/thno.83920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) is a common and conserved process in eukaryotic gene regulation. It occurs in approximately 95% of multi-exon genes, greatly enriching the complexity and diversity of mRNAs and proteins. Recent studies have found that in addition to coding RNAs, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are also inextricably linked with AS. Multiple different types of ncRNAs are generated by AS of precursor long non-coding (pre-lncRNAs) or precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Furthermore, ncRNAs, as a novel class of regulators, can participate in AS regulation by interacting with the cis-acting elements or trans-acting factors. Several studies have implicated abnormal expression of ncRNAs and ncRNA-related AS events in the initiation, progression, and therapy resistance in various types of cancers. Therefore, owing to their roles in mediating drug resistance, ncRNAs, AS-related factors and AS-related novel antigens may serve as promising therapeutic targets in cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the interaction between ncRNAs and AS processes, emphasizing their great influences on cancer, especially on chemoresistance, and highlighting their potential values in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P. R. China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of molecular targeted anti-tumor drug development and evaluation, Liaoning Cancer immune peptide drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P. R. China
| | - Subo Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P. R. China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of molecular targeted anti-tumor drug development and evaluation, Liaoning Cancer immune peptide drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P. R. China
| | - Jianing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P. R. China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of molecular targeted anti-tumor drug development and evaluation, Liaoning Cancer immune peptide drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P. R. China
| | - Boshi Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P. R. China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of molecular targeted anti-tumor drug development and evaluation, Liaoning Cancer immune peptide drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P. R. China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P. R. China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of molecular targeted anti-tumor drug development and evaluation, Liaoning Cancer immune peptide drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P. R. China
- Shenyang Kangwei Medical Laboratory Analysis Co. LTD, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Huilin Huang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Huizhe Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P. R. China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of molecular targeted anti-tumor drug development and evaluation, Liaoning Cancer immune peptide drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P. R. China
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21
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Park WJ, Kim MJ. A New Wave of Targeting 'Undruggable' Wnt Signaling for Cancer Therapy: Challenges and Opportunities. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081110. [PMID: 37190019 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant Wnt signaling activation is frequently observed in many cancers. The mutation acquisition of Wnt signaling leads to tumorigenesis, whereas the inhibition of Wnt signaling robustly suppresses tumor development in various in vivo models. Based on the excellent preclinical effect of targeting Wnt signaling, over the past 40 years, numerous Wnt-targeted therapies have been investigated for cancer treatment. However, Wnt signaling-targeting drugs are still not clinically available. A major obstacle to Wnt targeting is the concomitant side effects during treatment due to the pleiotropic role of Wnt signaling in development, tissue homeostasis, and stem cells. Additionally, the complexity of the Wnt signaling cascades across different cancer contexts hinders the development of optimized targeted therapies. Although the therapeutic targeting of Wnt signaling remains challenging, alternative strategies have been continuously developed alongside technological advances. In this review, we give an overview of current Wnt targeting strategies and discuss recent promising trials that have the potential to be clinically realized based on their mechanism of action. Furthermore, we highlight new waves of Wnt targeting that combine recently developed technologies such as PROTAC/molecular glue, antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), and anti-sense oligonucleotides (ASO), which may provide us with new opportunities to target 'undruggable' Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jung Park
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Jong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
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22
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Zhang LJ, Chen F, Liang XR, Ponnusamy M, Qin H, Lin ZJ. Crosstalk among long non-coding RNA, tumor-associated macrophages and small extracellular vesicles in tumorigenesis and dissemination. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1008856. [PMID: 36263199 PMCID: PMC9574020 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1008856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which lack protein-coding ability, can regulate cancer cell growth, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key components of the tumor microenvironment that have a significant impact on cancer progression. Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) are crucial mediators of intercellular communications. Cancer cell and macrophage-derived sEV can carry lncRNAs that influence the onset and progression of cancer. Dysregulation of lncRNAs, TAMs, and sEV is widely observed in tumors which makes them valuable targets for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize current updates on the interactions among sEV, lncRNAs, and TAMs in tumors and provide new perspectives on cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-jie Zhang
- Key Lab for Immunology in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Xiao-ru Liang
- Key Lab for Immunology in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | | | - Hao Qin
- Department of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhi-juan Lin
- Key Lab for Immunology in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-juan Lin,
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23
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Non-coding RNA network associated with obesity and rheumatoid arthritis. Immunobiology 2022; 227:152281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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24
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The interplay of cytokine signaling and non-coding RNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma pathobiology. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10825-10847. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07770-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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25
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Huang SX, Mei HB, Liu K, Tang J, Wu JY, Zhu GH, Ye WH. CircPVT1 promotes the tumorigenesis and metastasis of osteosarcoma via mediation of miR-26b-5p/CCNB1 axis. J Bone Miner Metab 2022; 40:581-593. [PMID: 35648221 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-022-01326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most aggressive malignancy among the bone tumors in the world. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to be participated in multiple cancers, including OS. Meanwhile, circPVT1 has been proved to be upregulated in OS. However, the mechanism by which circPVT1 mediates the tumorigenesis of OS remains to be further explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS Protein and gene expressions in OS cells were measured by western blot and RT-qPCR, respectively. Cell growth was assessed by flow cytometry and colony formation, respectively. In addition, cell migration was assessed by wound healing, and invasion was evaluated by Transwell assay. Meanwhile, the correlation among circPVT1, miR-26b-5p and CCNB1 was explored by RNA pull-down and dual luciferase assay. Finally, in vivo model was established to explore the role of circPVT1 in OS in vivo. RESULTS CircPVT1 and CCNB1 were significantly upregulated in OS cells, while miR-26b-5p was downregulated. Knockdown of circPVT1 notably inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of OS cells. CircPVT1 shRNA significantly suppressed the OS cell invasion and migration. Meanwhile, circPVT1 sponged miR-26b-5p and CCNB1 was found to be the direct target of miR-26b-5p. Furthermore, silencing of circPVT1 inhibited the growth and metastasis of OS in vivo. CONCLUSION Silencing of circPVT1 notably suppressed the tumorigenesis and metastasis of OS via miR-26b-5p/CCNB1 axis. Therefore, circPVT1 might be used as a target for OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Xiang Huang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, No. 86, Ziyuan Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Bo Mei
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, No. 86, Ziyuan Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, No. 86, Ziyuan Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Tang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, No. 86, Ziyuan Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang-Yan Wu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, No. 86, Ziyuan Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Hui Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, No. 86, Ziyuan Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Hua Ye
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, No. 86, Ziyuan Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Abedi Kichi Z, Soltani M, Rezaei M, Shirvani-Farsani Z, Rojhannezhad M. The Emerging role of EMT-related lncRNAs in therapy resistance and their application as biomarkers. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4574-4601. [PMID: 35352644 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220329203032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the world's second largest cause of death. The most common cancer treatments are surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Drug resistance, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and metastasis are all pressing issues in cancer therapy today. Increasing evidence showed that drug-resistant and EMT are co-related with each other. Indeed, drug-resistant cancer cells possess enhanced EMT and invasive ability. Recent researches have demonstrated lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs) are noncoding transcripts, which play an important role in the regulation of EMT, metastasis, and drug resistance in different cancers. However, the relationships among lncRNAs, EMT, and drug resistance are still unclear. These effects could be exerted via several signaling pathways such as TGF-β, PI3K-AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin. Identifying the crucial regulatory roles of lncRNAs in these pathways and processes leads to the development of novel targeted therapies. We review the key aspects of lncRNAs associated with EMT and therapy resistance. We focus on the crosstalk between lncRNAs and molecular signaling pathways affecting EMT and drug resistance. Moreover, each of the mentioned lncRNAs could be used as a potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarker for cancer. Although, there are still many challenges to investigate lncRNAs for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Abedi Kichi
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Germany
| | - Mona Soltani
- Department of Plant Production & Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mina Rezaei
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mahbubeh Rojhannezhad
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran
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27
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Xue ST, Zheng B, Cao SQ, Ding JC, Hu GS, Liu W, Chen C. Long non-coding RNA LINC00680 functions as a ceRNA to promote esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression through the miR-423-5p/PAK6 axis. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:69. [PMID: 35255921 PMCID: PMC8900330 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01539-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common invasive malignancy worldwide with poor clinical outcomes. Increasing amount of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in cancer development. However, lncRNAs that are functional in ESCC and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Methods Transcriptomic analysis was performed to identify dysregulated lncRNAs in ESCC tissue samples. The high expression of LINC00680 in ESCC was validated by RT-qPCR, and the oncogenic functions of LINC00680 was investigated by cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion assays in ESCC cells in vitro and xenografts derived from ESCC cells in mice. RNA-seq, competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network analysis, and luciferase reporter assays were carried out to identify LINC00680 target genes and the microRNAs (miRNAs) bound to LINC00680. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) were used for in vivo treatment. Results Transcriptome profiling revealed that a large number of lncRNAs was dysregulated in ESCC tissues. Notably, LINC00680 was highly expressed, and upregulation of LINC00680 was associated with large tumor size, advanced tumor stage, and poor prognosis. Functionally, knockdown of LINC00680 restrained ESCC cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, LINC00680 was found to act as a ceRNA by sponging miR-423-5p to regulate PAK6 (p21-activated kinase 6) expression in ESCC cells. The cell viability and motility inhibition induced by LINC00680 knockdown was significantly reversed upon PAK6 restoration and miR-423-5p inhibition. Furthermore, ASO targeting LINC00680 substantially suppressed ESCC both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions An oncogenic lncRNA, LINC00680, was identified in ESCC, which functions as a ceRNA by sponging miR-423-5p to promote PAK6 expression and ESCC. LINC00680/miR-423-5p/PAK6 axis may serve as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ESCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-022-01539-3.
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Tang J, Fang X, Chen J, Zhang H, Tang Z. Long Non-Coding RNA (lncRNA) in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Biological Function and Clinical Application. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235944. [PMID: 34885054 PMCID: PMC8656574 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Increasing evidence has revealed the regulatory roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the initiation and progress of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). As some novel lncRNA-targeted techniques combined with immune checkpoint therapies have emerged, they provide a new strategy for OSCC treatment. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the involvement of lncRNAs in OSCC along with their possible use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and therapeutic targets. Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a type of malignancy with high mortality, leading to poor prognosis worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying OSCC carcinogenesis have not been fully understood. Recently, the discovery and characterization of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have revealed their regulatory importance in OSCC. Abnormal expression of lncRNAs has been broadly implicated in the initiation and progress of tumors. In this review, we summarize the functions and molecular mechanisms regarding these lncRNAs in OSCC. In addition, we highlight the crosstalk between lncRNA and tumor microenvironment (TME), and discuss the potential applications of lncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic tools and therapeutic targets in OSCC. Notably, we also discuss lncRNA-targeted therapeutic techniques including CRISPR-Cas9 as well as immune checkpoint therapies to target lncRNA and the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Therefore, this review presents the future perspectives of lncRNAs in OSCC therapy, but more research is needed to allow the applications of these findings to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (J.T.); (X.F.); (J.C.)
- Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xiaodan Fang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (J.T.); (X.F.); (J.C.)
- Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (J.T.); (X.F.); (J.C.)
- Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- The Oncology Department of Xiangya Second Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (Z.T.); Tel.: +86-139-7313-0429 (H.Z.); +86-139-0731-7983 (Z.T.)
| | - Zhangui Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (J.T.); (X.F.); (J.C.)
- Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (Z.T.); Tel.: +86-139-7313-0429 (H.Z.); +86-139-0731-7983 (Z.T.)
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29
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Chen G, Wang S, Long C, Wang Z, Chen X, Tang W, He X, Bao Z, Tan B, Lu WW, Li Z, Yang D, Xiao G, Peng S. PiRNA-63049 inhibits bone formation through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:4409-4425. [PMID: 34803507 PMCID: PMC8579447 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.64533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling is a dynamic process between bone formation mediated by osteoblasts and bone resorption mediated by osteoclasts. Disrupted bone remodeling is a key factor in postmenopausal osteoporosis, a metabolic disorder characterized by deteriorated bone microarchitecture and increased risk of fracture. Recent studies have shown that piwi-binding RNA (piRNA) is involved in the pathogenesis of certain diseases at the post-transcriptional level. Here, we analyzed piRNA-63049 (piR-63049), which may play an essential role in bone remodeling. The expression of piR-63049 significantly increased in both bone tissues and plasma of osteoporotic rats and postmenopausal osteoporotic patients. Overexpressing piR-63049 could inhibit the osteoblastogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) while knocking down piR-63049 could promote the osteoblastogenesis of BMSCs through the Wnt2b/β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, knocking-down piR-63049 (piR-63049-antagonist) in vivo could attenuate the bone loss in ovariectomized rats by promoting bone formation. Taken together, the current study shows that piR-63049 inhibits bone formation through the Wnt2b/β-catenin signaling pathway. This novel piRNA may be a potential target to increase bone formation in bone loss disorders such as postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoyang Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Canling Long
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhenmin Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wanze Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaoqin He
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhiteng Bao
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Baoyu Tan
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - William W Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Zhizhong Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Dazhi Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Songlin Peng
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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30
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Wang T, Li J, Yang L, Wu M, Ma Q. The Role of Long Non-coding RNAs in Human Imprinting Disorders: Prospective Therapeutic Targets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:730014. [PMID: 34760887 PMCID: PMC8573313 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.730014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is a term used for an intergenerational epigenetic inheritance and involves a subset of genes expressed in a parent-of-origin-dependent way. Imprinted genes are expressed preferentially from either the paternally or maternally inherited allele. Long non-coding RNAs play essential roles in regulating this allele-specific expression. In several well-studied imprinting clusters, long non-coding RNAs have been found to be essential in regulating temporal- and spatial-specific establishment and maintenance of imprinting patterns. Furthermore, recent insights into the epigenetic pathological mechanisms underlying human genomic imprinting disorders suggest that allele-specific expressed imprinted long non-coding RNAs serve as an upstream regulator of the expression of other protein-coding or non-coding imprinted genes in the same cluster. Aberrantly expressed long non-coding RNAs result in bi-allelic expression or silencing of neighboring imprinted genes. Here, we review the emerging roles of long non-coding RNAs in regulating the expression of imprinted genes, especially in human imprinting disorders, and discuss three strategies targeting the central long non-coding RNA UBE3A-ATS for the purpose of developing therapies for the imprinting disorders Prader-Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome. In summary, a better understanding of long non-coding RNA-related mechanisms is key to the development of potential therapeutic targets for human imprinting disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingxuan Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianjian Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liuyi Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Manyin Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qing Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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31
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Hidden Treasures: Macrophage Long Non-Coding RNAs in Lung Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164127. [PMID: 34439281 PMCID: PMC8392679 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ever since RNA sequencing of whole genomes and transcriptomes became available, numerous RNA transcripts without having the classic function of encoding proteins have been discovered. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with a length greater than 200 nucleotides were considered as "junk" in the beginning, but it has increasingly become clear that lncRNAs have crucial roles in regulating a variety of cellular mechanisms and are often deregulated in several diseases, such as cancer. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths and has a survival rate of less than 10%. Immune cells infiltrating the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been shown to have a great effect on tumor development with macrophages being the major cell type within the TME. Macrophages can inherit an inflammatory M1 or an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Tumor-associated macrophages, which are predominantly polarized to M2, favor tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. In this review, we aimed to describe the complex roles and functions of lncRNAs in macrophages and their influence on lung cancer development and progression through the TME.
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Lu Q, Lou J, Cai R, Han W, Pan H. Emerging roles of a pivotal lncRNA SBF2-AS1 in cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:417. [PMID: 34372871 PMCID: PMC8351094 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02123-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs refer to transcripts over 200 nt in length that lack the ability to encode proteins, which occupy the majority of the genome and play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of human diseases, especially cancers. SBF2-AS1, a newly identified long non-coding RNA, has been verified to be highly expressed in diversiform cancers, and is involved in processes promoting tumorigenesis, tumor progression and tumor metastasis. Moreover, upregulation of SBF2-AS1 expression was significantly related to disadvantageous clinicopathologic characteristics and indicated poor prognosis. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the up-to-date knowledge of the detailed mechanisms and underlying functions of SBF2-AS1 in diverse cancer types, highlighting the potential of SBF2-AS1 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and even a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruyun Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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33
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Ye WC, Huang SF, Hou LJ, Long HJ, Yin K, Hu CY, Zhao GJ. Potential Therapeutic Targeting of lncRNAs in Cholesterol Homeostasis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:688546. [PMID: 34179148 PMCID: PMC8224755 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.688546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining cholesterol homeostasis is essential for normal cellular and systemic functions. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a mechanism to fine-tune numerous biological processes by controlling gene expression. LncRNAs have emerged as important regulators in cholesterol homeostasis. Dysregulation of lncRNAs expression is associated with lipid-related diseases, suggesting that manipulating the lncRNAs expression could be a promising therapeutic approach to ameliorate liver disease progression and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, given the high-abundant lncRNAs and the poor genetic conservation between species, much work is required to elucidate the specific role of lncRNAs in regulating cholesterol homeostasis. In this review, we highlighted the latest advances in the pivotal role and mechanism of lncRNAs in regulating cholesterol homeostasis. These findings provide novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs in lipid-related diseases and may offer potential therapeutic targets for treating lipid-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chu Ye
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Shi-Feng Huang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Lian-Jie Hou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Hai-Jiao Long
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China.,Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kai Yin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Ching Yuan Hu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Guo-Jun Zhao
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
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34
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Khan MR, Wellinger RJ, Laurent B. Exploring the Alternative Splicing of Long Noncoding RNAs. Trends Genet 2021; 37:695-698. [PMID: 33892960 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Like protein-coding genes, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) genes are composed of introns and exons. After their transcription, lncRNAs are subject to constitutive and/or alternative splicing. Here, we describe the current knowledge on lncRNA splice variants and their functional implications in cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Riaz Khan
- Research Center on Aging, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Raymund J Wellinger
- Research Center on Aging, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Benoit Laurent
- Research Center on Aging, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
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35
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He W, Gong S, Wang X, Dong X, Cheng H. DNA methylation integratedly modulates the expression of Pit-Oct-Unt transcription factors in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer 2021; 12:1634-1643. [PMID: 33613750 PMCID: PMC7890322 DOI: 10.7150/jca.49231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dysregulation of Pit-Oct-Unc family transcription factors has been implicated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, we evaluated the expression and promoter methylation status of Octamer (OCT) transcription factor genes in human ESCC clinical specimens to investigate the mechanism underlying this observation along with the clinical significance. Methods: Total DNA or RNA was extracted from ESCC tissue specimens and the mRNA level of genes encoding the transcription factors OCT1, OCT2, OCT3/OCT4, OCT5, OCT7, OCT9, and OCT11 were evaluated by quantitative PCR. The DNA methylation status of gene promoters was assessed by bisulfite pyrosequencing and next-generation sequencing. The relationship between the expression of these transcription factors and ESCC proliferation was investigated in vitro and in vivo with the colony formation assay and a mouse xenograft tumor model, respectively. We also examined the correlation between OCT gene expression and promoter methylation and clinicopathologic characteristics of ESCC. Results:OCT1 was upregulated whereas OCT4, OCT6, and OCT11 were downregulated in ESCC compared to non-tumor tissue. OCT2, OCT7, and OCT9 were undetected in all samples. OCT1, OCT6, and OCT11 levels were negatively correlated with the methylation of their respective promoters, but there was no relationship between OCT4 expression and promoter methylation status. Conclusion: Changes in promoter methylation rate underlie the observed alterations in OCT1, OCT6, and OCT11 expression in ESCC, whereas another mechanism is likely responsible for the dysregulation of OCT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan province, China
| | - Shuai Gong
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan province, China
| | - Xinhua Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan province, China
| | - Hua Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Xiayi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Shangqiu 476400, Henan province, China
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36
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Liu B, Wang W, Sun S, Ding H, Lan L, Li X, Han S. Knockdown of lncRNA ABHD11-AS1 Suppresses the Tumorigenesis of Pancreatic Cancer via Sponging miR-1231. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:11347-11358. [PMID: 33177842 PMCID: PMC7652219 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s259598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer ranks first among the most aggressive malignancies. Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) ABHD11-AS1 is known to be upregulated in pancreatic cancer. However, the mechanism by which ABHD11-AS1 mediates the tumorigenesis of pancreatic cancer remains unclear. Methods Gene and protein expressions in pancreatic cancer cells were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. Cell apoptosis and cycle were tested by flow cytometry. In addition, cell migration and invasion were tested by wound healing and transwell assay, respectively. The correlation between ABHD11-AS1, miR-1231 and cyclin E1 was confirmed by dual-luciferase report and RNA pull-down. Finally, xenograft mice model was established to investigate the role of ABDH-AS1 in pancreatic cancer in vivo. Results ABHD11-AS1 was found to be negatively correlated with the survival rate of patients with pancreatic cancer. ABHD11-AS1 silencing significantly inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. Additionally, knockdown of ABHD11-AS1 greatly inhibited the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. Meanwhile, ABHD11-AS1 bound to miR-1231 and cyclin E1 was found to be the target of miR-1231. Moreover, ABHD11-AS1 knockdown-induced G1 arrest in pancreatic cancer cells was reversed by miR-1231 antagomir. Finally, knockdown of ABHD11-AS1 obviously inhibited the tumor growth of pancreatic cancer in vivo. Conclusion ABHD11-AS1 silencing significantly inhibited the tumorigenesis of pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo. Thus, ABHD11-AS1 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Suofeng Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Lan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuling Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangyin Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, People's Republic of China
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