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Guo Y, Che Y, Zhang X, Ren Z, Chen Y, Guo L, Mao L, Wei R, Gao X, Zhang T, Wang L, Guo W. Cannabidiol protects against acute aortic dissection by inhibiting macrophage infiltration and PMAIP1-induced vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 189:38-51. [PMID: 38387723 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Acute aortic dissection (AAD) progresses rapidly and is associated with high mortality; therefore, there remains an urgent need for pharmacological agents that can protect against AAD. Herein, we examined the therapeutic effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in AAD by establishing a suitable mouse model. In addition, we performed human AAD single-cell RNA sequencing and mouse AAD bulk RNA sequencing to elucidate the potential underlying mechanism of CBD. Pathological assays and in vitro studies were performed to verify the results of the bioinformatic analysis and explore the pharmacological function of CBD. In a β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN)-induced AAD mouse model, CBD reduced AAD-associated morbidity and mortality, alleviated abnormal enlargement of the ascending aorta and aortic arch, and suppressed macrophage infiltration and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the pro-apoptotic gene PMAIP1 was highly expressed in human and mouse AAD samples, and CBD could inhibit Pmaip1 expression in AAD mice. Using human aortic VSMCs (HAVSMCs) co-cultured with M1 macrophages, we revealed that CBD alleviated HAVSMCs mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis by suppressing the BAPN-induced overexpression of PMAIP1 in M1 macrophages. PMAIP1 potentially mediates HAVSMCs apoptosis by regulating Bax and Bcl2 expression. Accordingly, CBD reduced AAD-associated morbidity and mortality and mitigated the progression of AAD in a mouse model. The CBD-induced effects were potentially mediated by suppressing macrophage infiltration and PMAIP1 (primarily expressed in macrophages)-induced VSMC apoptosis. Our findings offer novel insights into M1 macrophages and HAVSMCs interaction during AAD progression, highlighting the potential of CBD as a therapeutic candidate for AAD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Guo
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yang Che
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xuelin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Zongna Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yinan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Liliang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Lin Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Ren Wei
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Vascular Surgery Department, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Application of Pluripotent Stem Cells in Heart Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
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Zhang J, Durham J, Qian Cong. Revolutionizing protein-protein interaction prediction with deep learning. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2024; 85:102775. [PMID: 38330793 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2024.102775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are pivotal for driving diverse biological processes, and any disturbance in these interactions can lead to disease. Thus, the study of PPIs has been a central focus in biology. Recent developments in deep learning methods, coupled with the vast genomic sequence data, have significantly boosted the accuracy of predicting protein structures and modeling protein complexes, approaching levels comparable to experimental techniques. Herein, we review the latest advances in the computational methods for modeling 3D protein complexes and the prediction of protein interaction partners, emphasizing the application of deep learning methods deriving from coevolution analysis. The review also highlights biomedical applications of PPI prediction and outlines challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; HaroldC.Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. https://twitter.com/jzhang_genome
| | - Jesse Durham
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; HaroldC.Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Qian Cong
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; HaroldC.Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Christyani G, Carswell M, Qin S, Kim W. An Overview of Advances in Rare Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1201. [PMID: 38256274 PMCID: PMC10815984 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stands as the leading global cause of mortality, with rare cancer comprising 230 distinct subtypes characterized by infrequent incidence. Despite the inherent challenges in addressing the diagnosis and treatment of rare cancers due to their low occurrence rates, several biomedical breakthroughs have led to significant advancement in both areas. This review provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art diagnostic techniques that encompass new-generation sequencing and multi-omics, coupled with the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning, that have revolutionized rare cancer diagnosis. In addition, this review highlights the latest innovations in rare cancer therapeutic options, comprising immunotherapy, targeted therapy, transplantation, and drug combination therapy, that have undergone clinical trials and significantly contribute to the tumor remission and overall survival of rare cancer patients. In this review, we summarize recent breakthroughs and insights in the understanding of rare cancer pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic modalities, as well as the challenges faced in the development of rare cancer diagnosis data interpretation and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sisi Qin
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea; (G.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Wootae Kim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea; (G.C.); (M.C.)
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Nazmabadi R, Pooladi M, Amri J, Darvish M, Abbasi Y, karami H. The Effects of ABT-199 and Dihydroartemisinin Combination on Cell Growth and Apoptosis in Human U937 and KG-1 Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2024; 25:343-350. [PMID: 38285802 PMCID: PMC10911724 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2024.25.1.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Change in the balance of Bcl-2 family proteins is one of the main reasons for resistance of tumor cells to ABT-199. In this study, the effect of dihydroartemisinin on cell growth, apoptosis and sensitivity of the AML cells to ABT-199 was investigated. METHODS Cell proliferation and survival were assessed by trypan blue staining and MTT assay, respectively. Cell apoptosis was measured by Hoechst 33342 staining and caspase-3 activity assay. The expression levels of Bcl-2, Mcl-1 and Bax mRNA were tested by qRT-PCR. RESULTS Our data showed that combination therapy significantly reduced the IC50 value and synergistically decreased the AML cell survival and growth compared with dihydroartemisinin or ABT-199 alone. Treatment with each of ABT-199 or dihydroartemisinin alone clearly enhanced the Bax mRNA expression and inhibited the expression of Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 mRNA. Inhibition of Mcl-1 mRNA by dihydroartemisinin was associated with enhancement of apoptosis induced by ABT-199 in AML cells. CONCLUSION In conclusion, dihydroartemisinin not only triggers the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, but also can increase the sensitivity of the AML cells to ABT-199 via suppression of Mcl-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Nazmabadi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Marziyeh Pooladi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Jamal Amri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Marayam Darvish
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Yusef Abbasi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Hadi karami
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
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Xu J, Dong X, Huang DCS, Xu P, Zhao Q, Chen B. Current Advances and Future Strategies for BCL-2 Inhibitors: Potent Weapons against Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4957. [PMID: 37894324 PMCID: PMC10605442 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting the intrinsic apoptotic pathway regulated by B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) antiapoptotic proteins can overcome the evasion of apoptosis in cancer cells. BCL-2 inhibitors have evolved into an important means of treating cancers by inducing tumor cell apoptosis. As the most extensively investigated BCL-2 inhibitor, venetoclax is highly selective for BCL-2 and can effectively inhibit tumor survival. Its emergence and development have significantly influenced the therapeutic landscape of hematological malignancies, especially in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia, in which it has been clearly incorporated into the recommended treatment regimens. In addition, the considerable efficacy of venetoclax in combination with other agents has been demonstrated in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma and certain lymphomas. Although venetoclax plays a prominent antitumor role in preclinical experiments and clinical trials, large individual differences in treatment outcomes have been characterized in real-world patient populations, and reduced drug sensitivity will lead to disease recurrence or progression. The therapeutic efficacy may vary widely in patients with different molecular characteristics, and key genetic mutations potentially result in differential sensitivities to venetoclax. The identification and validation of more novel biomarkers are required to accurately predict the effectiveness of BCL-2 inhibition therapy. Furthermore, we summarize the recent research progress relating to the use of BCL-2 inhibitors in solid tumor treatment and demonstrate that a wealth of preclinical models have shown promising results through combination therapies. The applications of venetoclax in solid tumors warrant further clinical investigation to define its prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (J.X.); (X.D.); (P.X.)
| | - Xiaoqing Dong
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (J.X.); (X.D.); (P.X.)
| | - David C. S. Huang
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia;
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Peipei Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (J.X.); (X.D.); (P.X.)
| | - Quan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (J.X.); (X.D.); (P.X.)
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, China-Australia Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (J.X.); (X.D.); (P.X.)
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Oliveira RC, Gama J, Casanova J. B-cell lymphoma 2 family members and sarcomas: a promising target in a heterogeneous disease. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:583-599. [PMID: 37720343 PMCID: PMC10501895 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family proteins has been the backbone for hematological malignancies with overall survival improvements. The Bcl-2 family is a major player in apoptosis regulation and, has captured the researcher's interest in the treatment of solid tumors. Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of diseases, comprising several entities, with high morbidity and mortality and with few specific therapies available. The treatment for sarcomas is based on platinum regimens, with variable results and poor outcomes, especially in advanced lesions. The high number of different sarcoma entities makes treatment standardization as well as the performance of clinical trials difficult. The use of Bcl-2 family members modifiers has revealed promising results in in vitro and in vivo models and may be a valid option, especially when used in combination with chemotherapy. In this article, a revision of these results and possibilities for the use of Bcl-2 family members inhibitors in sarcomas was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Caetano Oliveira
- Centro de Anatomia Patológica Germano de Sousa, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre of Investigation on Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Gama
- Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Casanova
- Centre of Investigation on Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
- Orthopedic Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
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7
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Velentza L, Wickström M, Kogner P, Ohlsson C, Zaman F, Sävendahl L. Pharmacological inhibition of BCL-2 with the FDA-approved drug venetoclax impairs longitudinal bone growth. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8054. [PMID: 37198212 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34965-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment-related skeletal complications are common in childhood cancer patients and survivors. Venetoclax is a BCL-2 inhibitor that has shown efficacy in hematological malignancies in adults and is being investigated in pediatric cancer clinical trials as a promising therapeutic modality. Venetoclax triggers cell death in cancer cells, but whether it exerts similar effects in normal bone cells, is unknown. Chondrogenic ATDC5 cells, E20 fetal rat metatarsal bones, and human growth plate biopsies were treated with different concentrations of venetoclax. Female NMRI nu/nu mice were treated with venetoclax or vehicle for 15 days. Mice were X-rayed at baseline and at the end of the experiment to assess longitudinal bone growth and body weight was monitored throughout the study. Histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to evaluate treatment effects on the growth plate cartilage. Venetoclax decreased the viability of chondrocytes and impaired the growth of ex vivo cultured metatarsals while reducing the height of the resting/proliferative zone and the hypertrophic cell size. When tested in vivo, venetoclax suppressed bone growth and reduced growth plate height. Our experimental data suggest that venetoclax directly targets growth plate chondrocytes suppressing bone growth and we, therefore, encourage careful monitoring of longitudinal bone growth if treating growing children with venetoclax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilly Velentza
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 4, BioClinicum J9:30, SE-171 64, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Malin Wickström
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Kogner
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Farasat Zaman
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 4, BioClinicum J9:30, SE-171 64, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Sävendahl
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 4, BioClinicum J9:30, SE-171 64, Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zhou Y, Yin Y, Xu J, Xu Z, Yang B, He Q, Luo P, Yan H, Yang X. An update on Alectinib: a first line treatment for ALK-positive advanced lung cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2023; 24:1361-1373. [PMID: 37278051 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2023.2221786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alectinib is a second-generation, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) for the treatment of ALK+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is able to induce significant and durable CNS responses. However, long-term use of alectinib has been clinically reported to cause some serious and even life-threatening adverse events. There are currently no effective interventions for its adverse events, and this undoubtedly leads to delays in patient treatment and limits its long-term clinical use. AREAS COVERED Based on the clinical trials conducted so far, we summarize the efficacy and adverse events that occurred, especially those related to cardiovascular disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, hepatobiliary disorders, musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders, skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders, and respiratory disorders. The factors that may influence alectinib selection are also described. Findings are based on a PubMed literature search of clinical and basic science research papers spanning 1998-2023. EXPERT OPINION The significant prolongation of patient survival compared with first-generation ALK inhibitor suggests its potential as a first-line treatment for the NSCLC, but the severe adverse events of alectinib limit its long-term clinical use. Future research should focus on the exact mechanisms of these toxicities, how to alleviate the adverse events caused by alectinib clinically, and the development of next-generation drugs with reduced toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yourong Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Yin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangxin Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital (Hangzhou Chest Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhifei Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peihua Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochun Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Barriuso D, Alvarez-Frutos L, Gonzalez-Gutierrez L, Motiño O, Kroemer G, Palacios-Ramirez R, Senovilla L. Involvement of Bcl-2 Family Proteins in Tetraploidization-Related Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076374. [PMID: 37047342 PMCID: PMC10094710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins is the main regulator of apoptosis. However, multiple emerging evidence has revealed that Bcl-2 family proteins are also involved in cellular senescence. On the one hand, the different expression of these proteins determines the entry into senescence. On the other hand, entry into senescence modulates the expression of these proteins, generally conferring resistance to apoptosis. With some exceptions, senescent cells are characterized by the upregulation of antiapoptotic proteins and downregulation of proapoptotic proteins. Under physiological conditions, freshly formed tetraploid cells die by apoptosis due to the tetraploidy checkpoint. However, suppression of Bcl-2 associated x protein (Bax), as well as overexpression of Bcl-2, favors the appearance and survival of tetraploid cells. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that our laboratory has shown that the joint absence of Bax and Bcl-2 antagonist/killer (Bak) favors the entry into senescence of tetraploid cells. Certain microtubule inhibitory chemotherapies, such as taxanes and vinca alkaloids, induce the generation of tetraploid cells. Moreover, the combined use of inhibitors of antiapoptotic proteins of the Bcl-2 family with microtubule inhibitors increases their efficacy. In this review, we aim to shed light on the involvement of the Bcl-2 family of proteins in the senescence program activated after tetraploidization and the possibility of using this knowledge to create a new therapeutic strategy targeting cancer cells.
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Alwahsh M, Farhat J, Talhouni S, Hamadneh L, Hergenröder R. Bortezomib advanced mechanisms of action in multiple myeloma, solid and liquid tumors along with its novel therapeutic applications. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:146-168. [PMID: 36998701 PMCID: PMC10043448 DOI: 10.17179/excli2022-5653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Bortezomib (BTZ) is a first-in-class reversible and selective proteasome inhibitor. It inhibits the ubiquitin proteasome pathway that leads to the degradation of many intracellular proteins. Initially, BTZ was FDA approved for the treatment of refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma (MM) in 2003. Later, its usage was approved for patients with previously untreated MM. In 2006, BTZ was approved for the treatment of relapsed or refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) and, in 2014, for previously untreated MCL. BTZ has been extensively studied either alone or in combination with other drugs for the treatment of different liquid tumors especially in MM. However, limited data evaluated the efficacy and safety of using BTZ in patients with solid tumors. In this review, we will discuss the advanced and novel mechanisms of action of BTZ documented in MM, solid tumors and liquid tumors. Moreover, we will shed the light on the newly discovered pharmacological effects of BTZ in other prevalent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alwahsh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Research Center (ZMF), University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- *To whom correspondence should be addressed: Mohammad Alwahsh, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan, E-mail:
| | - Joviana Farhat
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, PO Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shahd Talhouni
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Lama Hamadneh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Roland Hergenröder
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44139 Dortmund, Germany
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Bonzerato CG, Wojcikiewicz RJH. Bok: real killer or bystander with non-apoptotic roles? Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1161910. [PMID: 37123400 PMCID: PMC10130511 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1161910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bcl-2-related ovarian killer, Bok, was first labeled "pro-apoptotic" due to its ability to cause cell death when over-expressed. However, it has become apparent that this is not a good name, since Bok is widely expressed in tissues other than ovaries. Further, there is serious doubt as to whether Bok is a real "killer," due to disparities in the ability of over-expressed versus endogenous Bok to trigger apoptosis. In this brief review, we rationalize these disparities and argue that endogenous Bok is very different from the pro-apoptotic, mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization mediators, Bak and Bax. Instead, Bok is a stable, endoplasmic reticulum-located protein bound to inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptors. From this location, Bok plays a variety of roles, including regulation of endoplasmic reticulum/mitochondria contact sites and mitochondrial dynamics. Therefore, categorizing Bok as a "killer" may well be misleading and instead, endogenous Bok would better be considered an endoplasmic reticulum-located "bystander", with non-apoptotic roles.
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12
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Bonzerato CG, Keller KR, Schulman JJ, Gao X, Szczesniak LM, Wojcikiewicz RJH. Endogenous Bok is stable at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and does not mediate proteasome inhibitor-induced apoptosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1094302. [PMID: 36601536 PMCID: PMC9806350 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1094302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Controversy surrounds the cellular role of the Bcl-2 family protein Bok. On one hand, it has been shown that all endogenous Bok is bound to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), while other data suggest that Bok can act as a pro-apoptotic mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization mediator, apparently kept at very low and non-apoptotic levels by efficient proteasome-mediated degradation. Here we show that 1) endogenous Bok is expressed at readily-detectable levels in key cultured cells (e.g., mouse embryonic fibroblasts and HCT116 cells) and is not constitutively degraded by the proteasome, 2) proteasome inhibitor-induced apoptosis is not mediated by Bok, 3) endogenous Bok expression level is critically dependent on the presence of IP3Rs, 4) endogenous Bok is rapidly degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in the absence of IP3Rs at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, and 5) charged residues in the transmembrane region of Bok affect its stability, ability to interact with Mcl-1, and pro-apoptotic activity when over-expressed. Overall, these data indicate that endogenous Bok levels are not governed by proteasomal activity (except when IP3Rs are deleted) and that while endogenous Bok plays little or no role in apoptotic signaling, exogenous Bok can mediate apoptosis in a manner dependent on its transmembrane domain.
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Yang Y, Fang S, Tao J, Liu Y, Wang C, Yin Z, Chen B, Duan Z, Liu W, Wang S. Correlation of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient With Proliferation and Apoptotic Indexes in a Murine Model of Fibrosarcoma: Comparison of Four Methods for MRI Region of Interest Positioning. J Magn Reson Imaging 2022; 57:1406-1413. [PMID: 35864603 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has demonstrated great potential in predicting the expression of tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis indexes. PURPOSE To evaluate the impact of four region of interest (ROI) methods on interobserver variability and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and to examine the correlation of ADC values with Ki-67, Bcl-2, and P53 labeling indexes (LIs) in a murine model of fibrosarcoma. STUDY TYPE Prospective, animal model. ANIMAL MODEL A total of 22 female BALB/c mice bearing intramuscular fibrosarcoma xenografts. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE A 3.0 T/T1-weighted fast spin-echo (FSE), T2-weighted fast relaxation fast spin-echo, and DWI PROPELLER FSE sequences. ASSESSMENT Four radiologists measured ADC values using four ROI methods (oval, freehand, small-sample, and whole-volume). Immunohistochemical assessment of Ki-67, Bcl-2, and P53 LIs was performed. STATISTICAL TESTS Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC), one-way analysis of variance followed by LSD-t post hoc analysis, and Pearson correlation test were performed. The statistical threshold was defined as a P-value of <0.05. RESULTS All ROI methods for ADC measurements showed excellent interobserver agreement (ICC range, 0.832-0.986). The ADC values demonstrated significant differences among the four ROI methods. The ADC values for oval, freehand, small-sample, and whole-volume ROI methods showed a moderately negative correlation with Ki-67 (r = -0.623; r = -0.629; r = -0.642, and r = -0.431) and Bcl-2 (r = -0.590; r = -0.597; r = -0.659, and r = -0.425) LIs, but no correlation with P53 LI (r = 0.364, P = 0.104; r = 0.350, P = 0.120; r = 0.379, P = 0.091; r = 0.390, P = 0.080). DATA CONCLUSION The ADC value can be used to evaluate cell proliferation and apoptosis indexes in a murine model of fibrosarcoma, employing the small-sample ROI as a reliable method. EVIDENCE LEVEL 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaobo Fang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Tao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajie Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunjie Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Yin
- Department of Radiology, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqing Duan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaowu Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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14
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The BCL-2 inhibitor ABT-199/venetoclax synergizes with proteasome inhibition via transactivation of the MCL-1 antagonist NOXA. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:215. [PMID: 35443750 PMCID: PMC9021261 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced expression of anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) protein is frequent in cancer. Targeting of BCL-2 with the specific inhibitor ABT-199 (Venetoclax) has significant clinical activity in malignant diseases such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma. The small molecule drug ABT-199 mimics the pro-apoptotic BCL-2 homology domain 3 of BH3-only proteins and blocks the hydrophobic BC-groove in BCL-2. We have previously shown that ABT-199 synergizes with the proteasome inhibitor (PI) bortezomib in soft tissue sarcoma derived cells and cell lines to induce apoptosis. Synergistic apoptosis induction relies on the pore-forming effector BAX and expression of the pro-apoptotic BH3-only protein NOXA. Bortezomib augments expression of NOXA by blocking its proteasomal degradation. Interestingly, shown here for the first time, expression of NOXA is strongly enhanced by ABT-199 induced integrated stress response (ISR). ISR transcription factors ATF3 & ATF4 mediate transactivation of the BH3-only protein NOXA which specifically inhibits the anti-apoptotic MCL-1. Thus, NOXA potentiates the efficacy of the BCL-2 inhibitor ABT-199 by simultaneous inhibition of MCL-1. Hence, ABT-199 has a double impact by directly blocking anti-apoptotic BCL-2 and inhibiting MCL-1 via transactivated NOXA. By preventing degradation of NOXA PIs synergize with ABT-199. Synergism of ABT-199 and PIs therefore occurs on several, previously unexpected levels. This finding should prompt clinical evaluation of combinatorial regimens in further malignancies.
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15
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Severin F, Urbani A, Varanita T, Bachmann M, Azzolini M, Martini V, Pizzi M, Tos APD, Frezzato F, Mattarei A, Ghia P, Bertilaccio MTS, Gulbins E, Paradisi C, Zoratti M, Semenzato GC, Leanza L, Trentin L, Szabò I. Pharmacological modulation of Kv1.3 potassium channel selectively triggers pathological B lymphocyte apoptosis in vivo in a genetic CLL model. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:64. [PMID: 35172855 PMCID: PMC8848658 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02249-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ion channels are emerging as promising oncological targets. The potassium channels Kv1.3 and IKCa are highly expressed in the plasma membrane and mitochondria of human chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells, compared to healthy lymphocytes. In vitro, inhibition of mitoKv1.3 by PAPTP was shown to kill ex vivo primary human CLL cells, while targeting IKCa with TRAM-34 decreased CLL cell proliferation. METHODS Here we evaluated the effect of the above drugs in CLL cells from ibrutinib-resistant patients and in combination with Venetoclax, two drugs used in the clinical practice. The effects of the drugs were tested also in the Eμ-TCL1 genetic CLL murine model, characterized by a lympho-proliferative disease reminiscent of aggressive human CLL. Eμ-TCL1 mice showing overt disease state were treated with intraperitoneal injections of non-toxic 5 nmol/g PAPTP or 10 nmol/g TRAM-34 once a day and the number and percentage of pathological B cells (CD19+CD5+) in different, pathologically relevant body districts were determined. RESULTS We show that Kv1.3 expression correlates with sensitivity of the human and mouse neoplastic cells to PAPTP. Primary CLL cells from ibrutinib-resistant patients could be killed with PAPTP and this drug enhanced the effect of Venetoclax, by acting on mitoKv1.3 of the inner mitochondrial membrane and triggering rapid mitochondrial changes and cytochrome c release. In vivo, after 2 week- therapy of Eμ-TCL1 mice harboring distinct CLL clones, leukemia burden was reduced by more than 85%: the number and percentage of CLL B cells fall in the spleen and peritoneal cavity and in the peripheral blood, without signs of toxicity. Notably, CLL infiltration into liver and spleen and splenomegaly were also drastically reduced upon PAPTP treatment. In contrast, TRAM-34 did not exert any beneficial effect when administered in vivo to Eμ-TCL1 mice at non-toxic concentration. CONCLUSION Altogether, by comparing vehicle versus compound effect in different Eμ-TCL1 animals bearing unique clones similarly to CLL patients, we conclude that PAPTP significantly reduced leukemia burden in CLL-relevant districts, even in animals with advanced stage of the disease. Our results thus identify PAPTP as a very promising drug for CLL treatment, even for the chemoresistant forms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Severin
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy and Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Michele Azzolini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Veronica Martini
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy and Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Pizzi
- Department of Medicine, Pathology Branch, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Angelo Paolo Dei Tos
- Department of Medicine, Pathology Branch, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Frezzato
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy and Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Ghia
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele and IRCC Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Mario Zoratti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,CNR Institute of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Gianpietro Carlo Semenzato
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy and Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy
| | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - Livio Trentin
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy and Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy.
| | - Ildiko Szabò
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy. .,CNR Institute of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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16
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Roufayel R, Younes K, Al-Sabi A, Murshid N. BH3-Only Proteins Noxa and Puma Are Key Regulators of Induced Apoptosis. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020256. [PMID: 35207544 PMCID: PMC8875537 DOI: 10.3390/life12020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is an evolutionarily conserved and tightly regulated cell death pathway. Physiological cell death is important for maintaining homeostasis and optimal biological conditions by continuous elimination of undesired or superfluous cells. The BH3-only pro-apoptotic members are strong inducers of apoptosis. The pro-apoptotic BH3-only protein Noxa activates multiple death pathways by inhibiting the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family protein, Mcl-1, and other protein members leading to Bax and Bak activation and MOMP. On the other hand, Puma is induced by p53-dependent and p53-independent apoptotic stimuli in several cancer cell lines. Moreover, this protein is involved in several physiological and pathological processes, such as immunity, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Future heat shock research could disclose the effect of hyperthermia on both Noxa and BH3-only proteins. This suggests post-transcriptional mechanisms controlling the translation of both Puma and Noxa mRNA in heat-shocked cells. This study was also the chance to recapitulate the different reactional mechanisms investigated for caspases.
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17
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Liu J, Zhao R, Jiang X, Li Z, Zhang B. Progress on the Application of Bortezomib and Bortezomib-Based Nanoformulations. Biomolecules 2021; 12:biom12010051. [PMID: 35053199 PMCID: PMC8773474 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bortezomib (BTZ) is the first proteasome inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration. It can bind to the amino acid residues of the 26S proteasome, thereby causing the death of tumor cells. BTZ plays an irreplaceable role in the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Moreover, its use in the treatment of other hematological cancers and solid tumors has been investigated in numerous clinical trials and preclinical studies. Nevertheless, the applications of BTZ are limited due to its insufficient specificity, poor permeability, and low bioavailability. Therefore, in recent years, different BTZ-based drug delivery systems have been evaluated. In this review, we firstly discussed the functions of proteasome inhibitors and their mechanisms of action. Secondly, the properties of BTZ, as well as recent advances in both clinical and preclinical research, were reviewed. Finally, progress in research regarding BTZ-based nanoformulations was summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bo Zhang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-636-8462490
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18
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As Sobeai HM, Alohaydib M, Alhoshani AR, Alhazzani K, Almutairi MM, Saleh T, Gewirtz DA, Alotiabi MR. Sorafenib, rapamycin, and venetoclax attenuate doxorubicin-induced senescence and promote apoptosis in HCT116 cells. Saudi Pharm J 2021; 30:91-101. [PMID: 35145348 PMCID: PMC8802130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has shown that the therapy-induced senescent growth arrest in cancer cells is of durable nature whereby a subset of cells can reinstate proliferative capacity. Promising new drugs named senolytics selectively target senescent cells and commit them into apoptosis. Accordingly, senolytics have been proposed as adjuvant cancer treatment to cull senescent tumor cells, and thus, screening for agents that exhibit senolytic properties is highly warranted. Our study aimed to investigate three agents, sorafenib, rapamycin, and venetoclax for their senolytic potential in doxorubicin-induced senescence in HCT116 cells. HCT116 cells were treated with one of the three agents, sorafenib (5 µM), rapamycin (100 nM), or venetoclax (10 µM), in the absence or presence of doxorubicin (1 µM). Senescence was evaluated using microscopy-based and flow cytometry-based Senescence-associated-β-galactosidase staining (SA-β-gal), while apoptosis was assessed using annexin V-FITC/PI, and Muse caspase-3/-7 activity assays. We screened for potential genes through which the three drugs exerted senolytic-like action using the Human Cancer Pathway Finder PCR array. The three agents reduced doxorubicin-induced senescent cell subpopulations and significantly enhanced the apoptotic effect of doxorubicin compared with those treated only with doxorubicin. The senescence genes IGFBP5 and BMI1 and the apoptosis genes CASP7 and CASP9 emerged as candidate genes through which the three drugs exhibited senolytic-like properties. These results suggest that the attenuation of doxorubicin-induced senescence might have shifted HCT116 cells to apoptosis by exposure to the tested pharmacological agents. Our work argues for the use of senolytics to reduce senescence-mediated resistance in tumor cells and to enhance chemotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homood M. As Sobeai
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munirah Alohaydib
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali R. Alhoshani
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alhazzani
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashal M. Almutairi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tareq Saleh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - David A. Gewirtz
- Departments of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Moureq R. Alotiabi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
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19
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Townsend PA, Kozhevnikova MV, Cexus ONF, Zamyatnin AA, Soond SM. BH3-mimetics: recent developments in cancer therapy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:355. [PMID: 34753495 PMCID: PMC8576916 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02157-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The hopeful outcomes from 30 years of research in BH3-mimetics have indeed served a number of solid paradigms for targeting intermediates from the apoptosis pathway in a variety of diseased states. Not only have such rational approaches in drug design yielded several key therapeutics, such outputs have also offered insights into the integrated mechanistic aspects of basic and clinical research at the genetics level for the future. In no other area of medical research have the effects of such work been felt, than in cancer research, through targeting the BAX-Bcl-2 protein-protein interactions. With these promising outputs in mind, several mimetics, and their potential therapeutic applications, have also been developed for several other pathological conditions, such as cardiovascular disease and tissue fibrosis, thus highlighting the universal importance of the intrinsic arm of the apoptosis pathway and its input to general tissue homeostasis. Considering such recent developments, and in a field that has generated so much scientific interest, we take stock of how the broadening area of BH3-mimetics has developed and diversified, with a focus on their uses in single and combined cancer treatment regimens and recently explored therapeutic delivery methods that may aid the development of future therapeutics of this nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Townsend
- University of Surrey, Guildford, UK. .,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation. .,University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Maria V Kozhevnikova
- University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russian Federation
| | - Surinder M Soond
- University of Surrey, Guildford, UK. .,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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20
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Busche S, John K, Wandrer F, Vondran FWR, Lehmann U, Wedemeyer H, Essmann F, Schulze-Osthoff K, Bantel H. BH3-only protein expression determines hepatocellular carcinoma response to sorafenib-based treatment. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:736. [PMID: 34312366 PMCID: PMC8313681 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a global health challenge with limited therapeutic options. Anti-angiogenic immune checkpoint inhibitor-based combination therapy has been introduced for progressed HCC, but improves survival only in a subset of HCC patients. Tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKI) such as sorafenib represent an alternative treatment option but have only modest efficacy. Using different HCC cell lines and HCC tissues from various patients reflecting HCC heterogeneity, we investigated whether the sorafenib response could be enhanced by combination with pro-apoptotic agents, such as TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) or the BH3-mimetic ABT-737, which target the death receptor and mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, respectively. We found that both agents could enhance sorafenib-induced cell death which was, however, dependent on specific BH3-only proteins. TRAIL augmented sorafenib-induced cell death only in NOXA-expressing HCC cells, whereas ABT-737 enhanced the sorafenib response also in NOXA-deficient cells. ABT-737, however, failed to augment sorafenib cytotoxicity in the absence of BIM, even when NOXA was strongly expressed. In the presence of NOXA, BIM-deficient HCC cells could be in turn strongly sensitized for cell death induction by the combination of sorafenib with TRAIL. Accordingly, HCC tissues sensitive to apoptosis induction by sorafenib and TRAIL revealed enhanced NOXA expression compared to HCC tissues resistant to this treatment combination. Thus, our results suggest that BH3-only protein expression determines the treatment response of HCC to different sorafenib-based drug combinations. Individual profiling of BH3-only protein expression might therefore assist patient stratification to certain TKI-based HCC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Busche
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina John
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Franziska Wandrer
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian W. R. Vondran
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany ,grid.452463.2German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Lehmann
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiner Wedemeyer
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank Essmann
- grid.502798.10000 0004 0561 903XDr. Margarete-Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Klaus Schulze-Osthoff
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Heike Bantel
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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21
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Basu A. The interplay between apoptosis and cellular senescence: Bcl-2 family proteins as targets for cancer therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 230:107943. [PMID: 34182005 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell death by apoptosis and permanent cell cycle arrest by senescence serve as barriers to the development of cancer. Chemotherapeutic agents not only induce apoptosis, they can also induce senescence known as therapy-induced senescence (TIS). There are, however, controversies whether TIS improves or worsens therapeutic outcome. Unlike apoptosis, which permanently removes cancer cells, senescent cells are metabolically active, and can contribute to tumor progression and relapse. If senescent cells are not cleared by the immune system or if cancer cells escape senescence, they may acquire resistance to apoptotic stimuli and become highly aggressive. Thus, there have been significant efforts in developing senolytics, drugs that target these pro-survival molecules to eliminate senescent cells. The anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins not only protect against cell death by apoptosis, but they also allow senescent cells to survive. While combining senolytics with chemotherapeutic drugs is an attractive approach, there are also limitations. Moreover, members of the Bcl-2 family have distinct effects on apoptosis and senescence. The purpose of this review article is to discuss recent literatures on how members of the Bcl-2 family orchestrate the interplay between apoptosis and senescence, and the challenges and progress in targeting these Bcl-2 family proteins for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alakananda Basu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
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22
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Aka Y, Karakas B, Acikbas U, Basaga H, Gul O, Kutuk O. Kinome-wide RNAi screening for mediators of ABT-199 resistance in breast cancer cells identifies Wee1 as a novel therapeutic target. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 137:106028. [PMID: 34171479 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Antiapoptotic and proapoptotic BCL-2 protein family members regulate mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Small molecule inhibitors of antiapoptotic BCL-2 proteins including BCL-2-specific inhibitor ABT-199 (Venetoclax) are in clinical development. However, the efficiency of ABT-199 as a single agent in solid tumors is limited. We performed a high-throughput RNAi kinome screen targeting 691 kinases to identify potentially targetable kinases to enhance ABT-199 response in breast cancer cells. Our studies identified Wee1 as the primary target kinase to overcome resistance to ABT-199. Depletion of Wee1 by siRNA-mediated knockdown or inhibition of Wee1 by the small molecule Wee1 inhibitor AZD1775 sensitized SKBR3, MDA-MB-468, T47D and CAMA-1 breast cancer cells to ABT-199 along with decreased MCL1. BH3-only proteins PUMA and BIM functionally contribute to apoptosis signaling following co-targeting BCL-2 and Wee1. Suppression of Wee1 function increased mitochondrial cell death priming. Furthermore, we found that Wee1 inhibition altered MCL1 phosphorylation and protein stability, which led to HUWE1-mediated MCL1 degradation. Our findings suggest that Wee1 inhibition can overcome resistance to ABT-199 and provide a rationale for further translational investigation of BCL-2 inhibitor/Wee1 inhibitor combination in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeliz Aka
- Baskent University School of Medicine, Dept. of Immunology, Adana Dr. Turgut Noyan Medical and Research Center, Adana, Turkey
| | - Bahriye Karakas
- Sabanci University, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Acikbas
- Baskent University School of Medicine, Dept. of Immunology, Adana Dr. Turgut Noyan Medical and Research Center, Adana, Turkey
| | - Huveyda Basaga
- Sabanci University, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Gul
- Bilgi University, Dept. of Genetics and Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Kutuk
- Baskent University School of Medicine, Dept. of Immunology, Adana Dr. Turgut Noyan Medical and Research Center, Adana, Turkey.
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FAK Signaling in Rhabdomyosarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228422. [PMID: 33182556 PMCID: PMC7697003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of children and adolescents. The fusion-positive (FP)-RMS variant expressing chimeric oncoproteins such as PAX3-FOXO1 and PAX7-FOXO1 is at high risk. The fusion negative subgroup, FN-RMS, has a good prognosis when non-metastatic. Despite a multimodal therapeutic approach, FP-RMS and metastatic FN-RMS often show a dismal prognosis with 5-year survival of less than 30%. Therefore, novel targets need to be discovered to develop therapies that halt tumor progression, reducing long-term side effects in young patients. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that regulates focal contacts at the cellular edges. It plays a role in cell motility, survival, and proliferation in response to integrin and growth factor receptors’ activation. FAK is often dysregulated in cancer, being upregulated and/or overactivated in several adult and pediatric tumor types. In RMS, both in vitro and preclinical studies point to a role of FAK in tumor cell motility/invasion and proliferation, which is inhibited by FAK inhibitors. In this review, we summarize the data on FAK expression and modulation in RMS. Moreover, we give an overview of the approaches to inhibit FAK in both preclinical and clinical cancer settings.
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