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Paul NF, Gustmann K, Tetens J, Falker-Gieske C. MG132 dramatically reduces SAA expression in chicken hepatocellular carcinoma cells at the transcript level independent of its endogenous promoter. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:770. [PMID: 38896168 PMCID: PMC11186868 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09726-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, is widely used to inhibit nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activity by proteasome-mediated degradation of IκB. It has been marketed as a specific, reversible, cell-permeable and low-cost inhibitor. However, adverse effects of the compound have been reported in the literature. We recently discovered and characterised a point mutation in the acute phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) in chickens, by overexpressing the protein in chicken hepatocellular carcinoma (LMH) cells. This serine to arginine exchange at amino acid position 90 (SAA.R90S) leads to intra- and extracellular accumulation of SAA, which is surprisingly counteracted by MG132 treatment, independent of SAA's intrinsic promoter. METHODS AND RESULTS To test, whether low proteasomal degradation of SAA.R90S is responsible for the observed intra- and extracellular SAA accumulation, we intended to inhibit the proteasome in SAA wild type (SAA.WT) overexpressing cells with MG132. However, we observed an unexpected drastic decrease in SAA protein expression at the transcript level. NF-κB gene expression was unchanged by MG132 at the measured time point. CONCLUSIONS The observed results demonstrate that MG132 inhibits SAA expression at the transcript level, independent of its endogenous promoter. Further, the data might indicate that NF-κB is not involved in the observed MG132-induced inhibition of SAA expression. We, consequently, question in this brief report whether MG132 should truly be categorised as a specific ubiquitin proteasome inhibitor and recommend the usage of alternative compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora-Fabienne Paul
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Functional Breeding, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Burckhardtweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Karolin Gustmann
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Functional Breeding, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Burckhardtweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jens Tetens
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Functional Breeding, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Burckhardtweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research, Georg-August-University, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Clemens Falker-Gieske
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Functional Breeding, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Burckhardtweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research, Georg-August-University, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
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Pei Y, Chen S, Diao X, Wang X, Zhou H, Li Y, Li Z. Deciphering the disturbance mechanism of BaP on the symbiosis of Montipora digitata via 4D-Proteomics approach. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:137223. [PMID: 36372339 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The coral holobiont is mainly composed of coral polyps, zooxanthellae, and coral symbiotic microorganisms, which form the basis of coral reef ecosystems. In recent years, the severe degradation of coral reefs caused by climate warming and environmental pollution has aroused widespread concern. Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a widely distributed pollutant in the environment. However, the underlying mechanisms of coral symbiosis destruction due to the stress of BaP are not well understood. In this study, diaPASEF proteomics and 16S rRNA amplicon pyrosequencing technology were used to reveal the effects of 50 μg/L BaP on Montipora digitate. Data analysis was performed from the perspective of the main symbionts of M. digitata (coral polyps, zooxanthellae, and coral symbiotic microorganisms). The results showed that BaP impaired cellular antioxidant capacity by disrupting the GSH/GSSG cycle, and sustained stress causes severe impairment of energy metabolism and protein degradation in coral polyps. In zooxanthellae, BaP downregulated the protein expression of SOD2 and mtHSP70, which then resulted in oxidative free radical accumulation and apoptosis. For coral symbiotic microorganisms, BaP altered the community structure of microorganisms and decreased immunity. Coral symbiotic microorganisms adapted to the stress of BaP by adjusting energy metabolism and enhancing extracellular electron transfer. BaP adversely affected the three main symbionts of M. digitata via different mechanisms. Decreased antioxidant capacity is a common cause of damages to coral polyps and zooxanthellae, whereas coral symbiotic microorganisms are able to appropriately adapt to oxidative stress. This study assessed the effects of BaP on corals from a symbiotic perspective, which is more comprehensive and reliable. At the same time, data from the study supports new directions for coral research and coral reef protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuebin Pei
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilisation, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilisation, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Xiaoping Diao
- State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilisation, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Hailong Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilisation, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China.
| | - Yuanchao Li
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, 571126, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Flores-Vergara R, Olmedo I, Aránguiz P, Riquelme JA, Vivar R, Pedrozo Z. Communication Between Cardiomyocytes and Fibroblasts During Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion and Remodeling: Roles of TGF-β, CTGF, the Renin Angiotensin Axis, and Non-coding RNA Molecules. Front Physiol 2021; 12:716721. [PMID: 34539441 PMCID: PMC8446518 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.716721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Communication between cells is a foundational concept for understanding the physiology and pathology of biological systems. Paracrine/autocrine signaling, direct cell-to-cell interplay, and extracellular matrix interactions are three types of cell communication that regulate responses to different stimuli. In the heart, cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells interact to form the cardiac tissue. Under pathological conditions, such as myocardial infarction, humoral factors released by these cells may induce tissue damage or protection, depending on the type and concentration of molecules secreted. Cardiac remodeling is also mediated by the factors secreted by cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts that are involved in the extensive reciprocal interactions between these cells. Identifying the molecules and cellular signal pathways implicated in these processes will be crucial for creating effective tissue-preserving treatments during or after reperfusion. Numerous therapies to protect cardiac tissue from reperfusion-induced injury have been explored, and ample pre-clinical research has attempted to identify drugs or techniques to mitigate cardiac damage. However, despite great success in animal models, it has not been possible to completely translate these cardioprotective effects to human applications. This review provides a current summary of the principal molecules, pathways, and mechanisms underlying cardiomyocyte and cardiac fibroblast crosstalk during ischemia/reperfusion injury. We also discuss pre-clinical molecules proposed as treatments for myocardial infarction and provide a clinical perspective on these potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Flores-Vergara
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.,Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Ivonne Olmedo
- Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.,Red para el Estudio de Enfermedades Cardiopulmonares de alta letalidad (REECPAL), Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Pablo Aránguiz
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Jaime Andrés Riquelme
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.,Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Raúl Vivar
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Zully Pedrozo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.,Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.,Red para el Estudio de Enfermedades Cardiopulmonares de alta letalidad (REECPAL), Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
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