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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Li T, Yang X, Lang S, Pei P, Pei H, Chang L, Hu L, Liu T, Yang K. Engineered bacteria breach tumor physical barriers to enhance radio-immunotherapy. J Control Release 2024; 373:867-878. [PMID: 39097194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy widely applied for local tumor therapy in clinic has been recently reinvigorated by the discovery that radiotherapy could activate systematic antitumor immune response. Nonetheless, the endogenous radio-immune effect is still incapable of radical tumor elimination due to the prevention of immune cell infiltration by the physical barrier in tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, an engineered Salmonella secreting nattokinase (VNPNKase) is developed to synergistically modulate the physical and immune characteristics of TME to enhance radio-immunotherapy of colon tumors. The facultative anaerobic VNPNKase enriches at the tumor site after systemic administration, continuously secreting abundant NKase to degrade fibronectin, dredge the extracellular matrix (ECM), and inactivate cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). The VNPNKase- dredged TME facilitates the infiltration of CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs) and thus the presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) after radiotherapy, recruiting sufficient CD8+ T lymphocytes to specifically eradicate localized tumors. Moreover, the pre-treatment of VNPNKase before radiotherapy amplifies the abscopal effect and achieves a long-term immune memory effect, preventing the metastasis and recurrence of tumors. Our research suggests that this strategy using engineered bacteria to breach tumor physical barrier for promoting immune cell infiltration possesses great promise as a translational strategy to enhance the effectiveness of radio-immunotherapy in treating solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xulu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shanshan Lang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Pei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Hailong Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Lei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Lin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Teng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China.
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Malik S, Sureka N, Ahuja S, Aden D, Zaheer S, Zaheer S. Tumor-associated macrophages: A sentinel of innate immune system in tumor microenvironment gone haywire. Cell Biol Int 2024. [PMID: 39054741 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical determinant in the initiation, progression, and treatment outcomes of various cancers. Comprising of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), immune cells, blood vessels, and signaling molecules, the TME is often likened to the soil supporting the seed (tumor). Among its constituents, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a pivotal role, exhibiting a dual nature as both promoters and inhibitors of tumor growth. This review explores the intricate relationship between TAMs and the TME, emphasizing their diverse functions, from phagocytosis and tissue repair to modulating immune responses. The plasticity of TAMs is highlighted, showcasing their ability to adopt either protumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic phenotypes based on environmental cues. In the context of cancer, TAMs' pro-tumorigenic activities include promoting angiogenesis, inhibiting immune responses, and fostering metastasis. The manuscript delves into therapeutic strategies targeting TAMs, emphasizing the challenges faced in depleting or inhibiting TAMs due to their multifaceted roles. The focus shifts towards reprogramming TAMs to an anti-tumorigenic M1-like phenotype, exploring interventions such as interferons, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and small molecule modulators. Noteworthy advancements include the use of CSF1R inhibitors, CD40 agonists, and CD47 blockade, demonstrating promising results in preclinical and clinical settings. A significant section is dedicated to Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) technology in macrophages (CAR-M cells). While CAR-T cells have shown success in hematological malignancies, their efficacy in solid tumors has been limited. CAR-M cells, engineered to infiltrate solid tumors, are presented as a potential breakthrough, with a focus on their development, challenges, and promising outcomes. The manuscript concludes with the exploration of third-generation CAR-M technology, offering insight into in-vivo reprogramming and nonviral vector approaches. In conclusion, understanding the complex and dynamic role of TAMs in cancer is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies. While early-stage TAM-targeted therapies show promise, further extensive research and larger clinical trials are warranted to optimize their targeting and improve overall cancer treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaivy Malik
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Niti Sureka
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Sana Ahuja
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Durre Aden
- Department of Pathology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Science and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Samreen Zaheer
- Department of Radiotherapy, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, AMU, Aligarh, India
| | - Sufian Zaheer
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Jia J, Wang X, Lin X, Zhao Y. Engineered Microorganisms for Advancing Tumor Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313389. [PMID: 38485221 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Engineered microorganisms have attracted significant interest as a unique therapeutic platform in tumor treatment. Compared with conventional cancer treatment strategies, engineering microorganism-based systems provide various distinct advantages, such as the intrinsic capability in targeting tumors, their inherent immunogenicity, in situ production of antitumor agents, and multiple synergistic functions to fight against tumors. Herein, the design, preparation, and application of the engineered microorganisms for advanced tumor therapy are thoroughly reviewed. This review presents a comprehensive survey of innovative tumor therapeutic strategies based on a series of representative engineered microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, microalgae, and fungi. Specifically, it offers extensive analyses of the design principles, engineering strategies, and tumor therapeutic mechanisms, as well as the advantages and limitations of different engineered microorganism-based systems. Finally, the current challenges and future research prospects in this field, which can inspire new ideas for the design of creative tumor therapy paradigms utilizing engineered microorganisms and facilitate their clinical applications, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxuan Jia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xiaocheng Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325001, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325001, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325001, China
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Boustani J, Lecoester B, Baude J, Latour C, Limagne E, Ladjohoulou R, Morgand V, Froidurot L, Ghiringhelli F, Truc G, Adotévi O, Mirjolet C. Targeting two radiation-induced immunosuppressive pathways to improve the efficacy of normofractionated radiation therapy in a preclinical colorectal cancer model. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:912-921. [PMID: 38506658 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2024.2331115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We have previously demonstrated in a murine colorectal cancer model that normofractionated RT (normoRT: 18 × 2 Gy) induced MDSC infiltration and PD-L1 expression, while hypofractionated RT (hypoRT: 3 × 8 Gy) induced Treg. Here, we wanted to assess whether the association of normoRT with treatments that target two radiation-induced immunosuppressive pathways (MDSC and PD-L1) could improve tumor control. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subcutaneous tumors were induced using colon tumor cells (CT26) in immunocompetent mice (BALB/c) and were treated with RT alone (18 × 2 Gy or 3 × 8 Gy), or concomitantly with 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) (10 mg/kg) to deplete MDSC, and/or anti-PD-L1 (10 mg/kg). We assessed the impact of these combinations on tumor growth and immune cells infiltration by flow cytometry. In addition, we performed tumor rechallenge experiments and IFN-γ ELISpots to study the long-term memory response. RESULTS Even though tumor growth was significantly delayed in the RT + 5FU compared to 5FU and untreated groups (p < .05), there was no significant difference between RT + 5FU (CRT) and RT alone. The rate of MDSC increased significantly 1 week after the end of normoRT (8.09% ± 1.03%, p < .05) and decreased with the addition of 5FU (3.39% ± 0.69%, p < .05). PD-L1 expressing tumor cells were increased after treatment. Adding anti-PD-L1 significantly delayed tumor growth, achieved the highest complete response rate, and induced a long-lasting protective specific anti-tumor immunity. CONCLUSIONS These results tend to demonstrate the interest of inhibiting two radiation-induced immunosuppressive mechanisms. In patients, the combination of normoRT with 5FU is already the standard of care in locally advanced rectal cancer. Adding an anti-PD-L1 to this treatment could show promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihane Boustani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Benoit Lecoester
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Jérémy Baude
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre George François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Charlène Latour
- INSERM UMR 1231, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Research Platform, Unicancer-Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Emeric Limagne
- INSERM UMR 1231, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Research Platform, Unicancer-Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Riad Ladjohoulou
- INSERM UMR 1231, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Research Platform, Unicancer-Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Véronique Morgand
- INSERM UMR 1231, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Research Platform, Unicancer-Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Lisa Froidurot
- INSERM UMR 1231, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Research Platform, Unicancer-Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- INSERM UMR 1231, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Research Platform, Unicancer-Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Gilles Truc
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre George François Leclerc, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Research Platform, Unicancer-Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Olivier Adotévi
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Céline Mirjolet
- INSERM UMR 1231, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Research Platform, Unicancer-Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
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Mimura K, Ogata T, Nguyen PHD, Roy S, Kared H, Yuan YC, Fehlings M, Yoshimoto Y, Yoshida D, Nakajima S, Sato H, Machida N, Yamada T, Watanabe Y, Tamaki T, Fujikawa H, Inokuchi Y, Hayase S, Hanayama H, Saze Z, Katoh H, Takahashi F, Oshima T, Goel A, Nardin A, Suzuki Y, Kono K. Combination of oligo-fractionated irradiation with nivolumab can induce immune modulation in gastric cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008385. [PMID: 38290769 PMCID: PMC10828861 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-specific CD8(+) T cells are essential for nivolumab therapy, and irradiation has been reported to have the potential to generate and activate TAA-specific CD8(+) T cells. However, mechanistic insights of T-cell response during combinatorial immunotherapy using radiotherapy and nivolumab are still largely unknown. METHODS Twenty patients included in this study were registered in the CIRCUIT trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03453164). All patients had multiple distant metastases and were intolerance or had progressed after primary and secondary chemotherapy without any immune checkpoint inhibitor. In the CIRCUIT trial, eligible patients were treated with a total of 22.5 Gy/5 fractions/5 days of radiotherapy to the largest or symptomatic lesion prior to receiving nivolumab every 2 weeks. In these 20 patients, T-cell responses during the combinatorial immunotherapy were monitored longitudinally by high-dimensional flow cytometry-based, multiplexed major histocompatibility complex multimer analysis using a total of 46 TAAs and 10 virus epitopes, repertoire analysis of T-cell receptor β-chain (TCRβ), together with circulating tumor DNA analysis to evaluate tumor mutational burden (TMB). RESULTS Although most TAA-specific CD8(+) T cells could be tracked longitudinally, several TAA-specific CD8(+) T cells were detected de novo after irradiation, but viral-specific CD8(+) T cells did not show obvious changes during treatment, indicating potential irradiation-driven antigen spreading. Irradiation was associated with phenotypical changes of TAA-specific CD8(+) T cells towards higher expression of killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily G, member 1, human leukocyte antigen D-related antigen, T-cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain, CD160, and CD45RO together with lower expression of CD27 and CD127. Of importance, TAA-specific CD8(+) T cells in non-progressors frequently showed a phenotype of CD45RO(+)CD27(+)CD127(+) central memory T cells compared with those in progressors. TCRβ clonality (inverted Pielou's evenness) increased and TCRβ diversity (Pielou's evenness and Diversity Evenness score) decreased during treatment in progressors (p=0.029, p=0.029, p=0.012, respectively). TMB score was significantly lower in non-progressors after irradiation (p=0.023). CONCLUSION Oligo-fractionated irradiation induces an immune-modulating effect with potential antigen spreading and the combination of radiotherapy and nivolumab may be effective in a subset of patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosaku Mimura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogata
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Souvick Roy
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, California, USA
| | | | - Yate-Ching Yuan
- Division of Translational Bioinformatics, Center for Informatics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
- Department of Computational Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | | | - Yuya Yoshimoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Daisaku Yoshida
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shotaro Nakajima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hisashi Sato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Nozomu Machida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takanobu Yamada
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yohei Watanabe
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Tamaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hirohito Fujikawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Inokuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Suguru Hayase
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hanayama
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Zenichiro Saze
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Katoh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Takahashi
- Department of Information Science, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Takashi Oshima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, California, USA
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | | | - Yoshiyuki Suzuki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Koji Kono
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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Zhao C, Tang Q, Yang C, Zhou L, Peng J, Zhang T, Zhou S, Li Y. Stereotactic body radiation therapy suppresses myeloid-derived suppressor cells by regulating miR-21/Sorbin and SH3 Domain-containing Protein 1 axis. Hum Exp Toxicol 2024; 43:9603271241261307. [PMID: 38874389 DOI: 10.1177/09603271241261307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a targeted form of radiotherapy used to treat early-stage cancers. Despite its effectiveness, the impact of SBRT on myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) is not well understood. In this study, we examined how SBRT affects the differentiation and survival of MDSCs, as well as delved into the molecular mechanisms involved. METHODS AND RESULTS SBRT was utilized on bone marrow (BM)-derived MDSCs to investigate its impact on the differentiation and survival of MDSCs using flow cytometry. An animal model of lung cancer was created to assess the anti-cancer properties of SBRT and the role of miR-21 expression in MDSCs. The interplay of miR-21 and Sorbin and SH3 domain-containing protein 1 (SORBS1) in MDSC differentiation was explored through dual luciferase activity assay, RT-qPCR, and Western blot analysis. The findings suggest that SBRT led to an increase in miR-21 levels, inhibited MDSC differentiation, and triggered cell apoptosis in BM cells. Inhibition of miR-21 reversed the effects of SBRT on MDSC differentiation and apoptosis. Additionally, it was revealed that SORBS1 was a downstream target of miR-21 in BM cells, and the miR-21/SORBS1 axis played a role in regulating MDSC differentiation and apoptosis induced by SBRT. Modulating miR-21 levels in vivo impinged on the response to SBRT treatment and the quantity of MDSCs in a mouse model of lung cancer. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that the upregulation of miR-21 induced by SBRT may contribute to the inhibition of MDSC expansion in a lung cancer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChunFang Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunmming, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunmming, China
| | - Congbo Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunmming, China
| | - Lingli Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunmming, China
| | - Jinli Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunmming, China
| | - Tianwen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunmming, China
| | - Shaoqiang Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunmming, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunmming, China
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Liang Y, Xu Q, Gao Q. Advancing CAR-based immunotherapies in solid tumors: CAR- macrophages and neutrophils. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1291619. [PMID: 38090576 PMCID: PMC10715261 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1291619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages and neutrophils are the main components of the innate immune system and play important roles in promoting angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, cancer cell proliferation, and metastasis in the tumor microenvironment (TME). They can also be harnessed to mediate cytotoxic tumor killing effects and orchestrate effective anti-tumor immune responses with proper stimulation and modification. Therefore, macrophages and neutrophils have strong potential in cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we briefly outlined the applications of macrophages or neutrophils in adoptive cell therapies, and focused on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered macrophages (CAR-Ms) and neutrophils (CAR-Ns). We summarized the construction strategies, the preclinical and clinical studies of CAR-Ms and CAR-Ns. In the end, we briefly discussed the limitations and challenges of CAR-Ms and CAR-Ns, as well as future research directions to extend their applications in treating solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Liang
- Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qumiao Xu
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qianqian Gao
- Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
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