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Chang Y, Sui J, Fu Q, Lu Z, Piao Z, Jin T, Zhang M. Mortalin promotes the evolution of androgen-independent prostate cancer through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:203. [PMID: 38849851 PMCID: PMC11162088 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03345-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is a major global health concern affecting male individuals. Among its variants, androgen-independent prostate cancer exhibits slow progression and lacks effective treatment targets, rendering it insensitive to hormone therapy. Recent reports have highlighted the significance of Mortalin, an important oncogene, in tumor migration and invasion through various signaling pathways. Experimental evidence from in-vivo and in-vitro studies indicate upregulated expression of Mortalin in prostate cancer tissues. Moreover, it has been shown to regulate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby promoting prostate cancer proliferation and metastasis. These findings suggest that Mortalin may serve as a promising novel immunotherapeutic target for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chang
- Department of Health Examination Centre, Affiliated Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Gong Yuan Road No.977, Yanji, 133000, China
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Jinyuan Sui
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Gong Yuan Road No.977, Yanji, 133000, China
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, China
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Gong Yuan Road No.977, Yanji, 133000, China
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Zhongqi Lu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, China
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Gong Yuan Road No.977, Yanji, 133000, China
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Zhengri Piao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, China.
| | - Tiefeng Jin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Gong Yuan Road No.977, Yanji, 133000, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China.
| | - Meihua Zhang
- Department of Health Examination Centre, Affiliated Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China.
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, China.
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Gong Yuan Road No.977, Yanji, 133000, China.
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Zhao X, Li K, Chen M, Liu L. Metabolic codependencies in the tumor microenvironment and gastric cancer: Difficulties and opportunities. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114601. [PMID: 36989719 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenesis and the development of tumors affect metabolism throughout the body. Metabolic reprogramming (also known as metabolic remodeling) is a feature of malignant tumors that is driven by oncogenic changes in the cancer cells themselves as well as by cytokines in the tumor microenvironment. These include endothelial cells, matrix fibroblasts, immune cells, and malignant tumor cells. The heterogeneity of mutant clones is affected by the actions of other cells in the tumor and by metabolites and cytokines in the microenvironment. Metabolism can also influence immune cell phenotype and function. Metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells is the result of a convergence of both internal and external signals. The basal metabolic state is maintained by internal signaling, while external signaling fine-tunes the metabolic process based on metabolite availability and cellular needs. This paper reviews the metabolic characteristics of gastric cancer, focusing on the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms that drive cancer metabolism in the tumor microenvironment, and interactions between tumor cell metabolic changes and microenvironment metabolic changes. This information will be helpful for the individualized metabolic treatment of gastric cancers.
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Ye J, Wu J, Liu B. Therapeutic strategies of dual-target small molecules to overcome drug resistance in cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188866. [PMID: 36842765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite some advances in targeted therapeutics of human cancers, curative cancer treatment still remains a tremendous challenge due to the occurrence of drug resistance. A variety of underlying resistance mechanisms to targeted cancer drugs have recently revealed that the dual-target therapeutic strategy would be an attractive avenue. Compared to drug combination strategies, one agent simultaneously modulating two druggable targets generally shows fewer adverse reactions and lower toxicity. As a consequence, the dual-target small molecule has been extensively explored to overcome drug resistance in cancer therapy. Thus, in this review, we focus on summarizing drug resistance mechanisms of cancer cells, such as enhanced drug efflux, deregulated cell death, DNA damage repair, and epigenetic alterations. Based upon the resistance mechanisms, we further discuss the current therapeutic strategies of dual-target small molecules to overcome drug resistance, which will shed new light on exploiting more intricate mechanisms and relevant dual-target drugs for future cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junhao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Esfahanian N, Knoblich CD, Bowman GA, Rezvani K. Mortalin: Protein partners, biological impacts, pathological roles, and therapeutic opportunities. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1028519. [PMID: 36819105 PMCID: PMC9932541 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1028519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mortalin (GRP75, HSPA9A), a heat shock protein (HSP), regulates a wide range of cellular processes, including cell survival, growth, and metabolism. The regulatory functions of mortalin are mediated through a diverse set of protein partners associated with different cellular compartments, which allows mortalin to perform critical functions under physiological conditions, including mitochondrial protein quality control. However, alteration of mortalin's activities, its abnormal subcellular compartmentalization, and its protein partners turn mortalin into a disease-driving protein in different pathological conditions, including cancers. Here, mortalin's contributions to tumorigenic pathways are explained. Pathology information based on mortalin's RNA expression extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) transcriptomic database indicates that mortalin has an independent prognostic value in common tumors, including lung, breast, and colorectal cancer (CRC). Subsequently, the binding partners of mortalin reported in different cellular models, from yeast to mammalian cells, and its regulation by post-translational modifications are discussed. Finally, we focus on colorectal cancer and discuss how mortalin and its tumorigenic downstream protein targets are regulated by a ubiquitin-like protein through the 26S proteasomal degradation machinery. A broader understanding of the function of mortalin and its positive and negative regulation in the formation and progression of human diseases, particularly cancer, is essential for developing new strategies to treat a diverse set of human diseases critically associated with dysregulated mortalin.
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Meidinna HN, Shefrin S, Sari AN, Zhang H, Dhanjal JK, Kaul SC, Sundar D, Wadhwa R. Identification of a new member of Mortaparib class of inhibitors that target mortalin and PARP1. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:918970. [PMID: 36172283 PMCID: PMC9510692 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.918970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mortalin, a heat shock family protein enriched in cancer cells, is known to inactivate tumor suppressor protein p53. Abrogation of mortalin-p53 interaction and reactivation of p53 has been shown to trigger growth arrest/apoptosis in cancer cells and hence, suggested to be useful in cancer therapy. In this premise, we earlier screened a chemical library to identify potential disruptors of mortalin-p53 interaction, and reported two novel synthetic small molecules (5-[1-(4-methoxyphenyl) (1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)]-4-phenylpyrimidine-2-ylamine) and (4-[(1E)-2-(2-phenylindol-3-yl)-1-azavinyl]-1,2,4-triazole) called Mortaparib and MortaparibPlus, respectively. These compounds were shown to possess anticancer activity that was mediated through targeting mortalin and PARP1 proteins, essential for cancer cell survival and proliferation. Here, we report characterization of the third compound, {4-[(4-amino-5-thiophen-2-yl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanylmethyl]-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine}, isolated in the same screening. Extensive computational and molecular analyses suggested that the new compound has the capability to interact with mortalin, p53, and PARP1. We provide evidence that this new compound, although required in high concentration as compared to the earlier two compounds (Mortaparib and MortaparibPlus) and hence called MortaparibMild, also downregulates mortalin and PARP1 expression and functions in multiple ways impeding cancer cell proliferation and migration characteristics. MortaparibMild is a novel candidate anticancer compound that warrants further experimental and clinical attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazna Noor Meidinna
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Seyad Shefrin
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Anissa Nofita Sari
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Huayue Zhang
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Jaspreet Kaur Dhanjal
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil C. Kaul
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Durai Sundar
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Durai Sundar, ; Renu Wadhwa,
| | - Renu Wadhwa
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
- *Correspondence: Durai Sundar, ; Renu Wadhwa,
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Rai R, Kennedy AL, Isingizwe ZR, Javadian P, Benbrook DM. Similarities and Differences of Hsp70, hsc70, Grp78 and Mortalin as Cancer Biomarkers and Drug Targets. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112996. [PMID: 34831218 PMCID: PMC8616428 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Upregulation of Heath Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) chaperones supports cancer cell survival. Their high homology causes a challenge to differentiate them in experimental or prevention and treatment strategies. The objective of this investigation was to determine similarities and differences of Hsp70, hsc70, Grp78 and Mortalin members of the HSP70 family encoded by HSPA1, HSPA8, HSPA5 and HSPA9 genes, respectively. Methods: Literature reviews were conducted using HSPA1, HSPA5, HSPA8 and HSPA9 gene or protein names or synonyms combined with biological or cancer-relevant terms. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was used to identify and compare profiles of proteins that directly bind individual chaperones and their associated pathways. TCGA data was probed to identify associations of hsc70 with cancer patient survival. ClinicalTrials.gov was used to identify HSP70 family studies. Results: The chaperones have similar protein folding functions. Their different cellular effects are determined by co-chaperones and client proteins combined with their intra- and extra-cellular localizations. Their upregulation is associated with worse patient prognosis in multiple cancers and can stimulate tumor immune responses or drug resistance. Their inhibition selectively kills cancer over healthy cells. Conclusions: Differences in Hsp70, hsc70, Grp78 and mortalin provide opportunities to calibrate HSP70 inhibitors for individual cancers and combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajani Rai
- Gynecologic Oncology Section, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (R.R.); (P.J.)
| | - Amy L. Kennedy
- Pathology Department, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Zitha Redempta Isingizwe
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Pouya Javadian
- Gynecologic Oncology Section, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (R.R.); (P.J.)
| | - Doris Mangiaracina Benbrook
- Gynecologic Oncology Section, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (R.R.); (P.J.)
- Pathology Department, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-405-271-5523
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Chen P, Wu S, Yu J, Tang X, Dai C, Qi H, Zhu J, Li W, Chen B, Zhu J, Wang H, Zhao S, Liu H, Kuang P, He Y. mRNA Network: Solution for Tracking Chemotherapy Insensitivity in Small-Cell Lung Cancer. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:2105176. [PMID: 34621500 PMCID: PMC8492269 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2105176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has poor prognosis and is prone to drug resistance. It is necessary to search for possible influencing factors for SCLC chemotherapy insensitivity. Therefore, we proposed an mRNA network to track the chemotherapy insensitivity in SCLC. Methods Six samples of patients with SCLC were recruited for RNA sequencing. TopHat2 and Cufflinks were used to make differential analysis. Functional analysis was applied as well. Finally, multidimensional validation was applied for verifying the results we obtained by experiment. Results This study was a trial of drug resistance in 6 SCLC patients after first-line chemotherapy. The top 10 downregulated genes differentially expressed in the chemo-insensitive group were SERPING1, DRD5, PARVG, PRAME, NKX1-1, MCTP2, PID1, PLEKHA4, SPP1, and SLN. Cell-cell signaling by Wnt (p=6.98E - 21) was the most significantly enriched GO term in biological process, while systemic lupus erythematosus (p=6.97E - 10), alcoholism (p=1.01E - 09), and transcriptional misregulation in cancer (p=0.00227988) were the top three ones of KEGG pathways. In multiple public databases, we also highlighted and verified the vital role of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway and corresponding genes in chemo-insensitivity in SCLC. Conclusion Our study confirmed some SCLC chemotherapy insensitivity-related genes, biological processes, and pathways, thus constructing the chemotherapy-insensitive network for SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shengyu Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuzhen Tang
- Oncology and Immunology BU, Research Service Division, WuXi Apptec, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunlei Dai
- Oncology and Immunology BU, Research Service Division, WuXi Apptec, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Qi
- Oncology and Immunology BU, Research Service Division, WuXi Apptec, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Sha Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongcheng Liu
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Peng Kuang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
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