1
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Mahboubi K, Nakoneshny SC, Sauro K, Roberts S, Hart R, Matthews TW, Dort J, Chandarana SP. The Association of Ethnicity and Oncologic Outcomes for Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2117. [PMID: 38893235 PMCID: PMC11171403 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16112117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: To compare oncologic outcomes of South Asian (SA) patients treated for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) to the general population. (2) Methods: Adult patients who underwent surgical resection of OSCC +/- adjuvant treatment between 2009 and 2022 (N = 697) at a regional cancer centre in Canada were included. SA patients, identified using a validated method, were compared to non-SA patients. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to compare the primary outcomes, disease-specific survival (DSS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) across baseline univariate characteristics, including betel nut consumption. Median follow-up time was 36.4 months. Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify independent predictors of survival with significance set at p < 0.05. (3) Results: SA patients (9% of cohort, N = 64) were significantly younger and had lower rates of smoking and alcohol consumption compared to non-SA patients (p < 0.05). SA patients had a two-fold higher risk of recurrence and significantly worse disease-specific survival, even after adjusting for stage and high-risk features [RFS: HR 2.01 (1.28-3.14), DSS: HR 1.79 (1.12-2.88)]. The consumption of betel nut was not associated with outcomes. (4) Conclusions: SA patients had significantly worse oncologic outcomes, even after controlling for known predictors of poor prognosis. These findings are novel and can inform personalized treatment decisions and influence public health policies when managing patients with different ethnic backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiana Mahboubi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (K.S.); (S.R.); (R.H.); (T.W.M.); (J.D.); (S.P.C.)
| | - Steven C. Nakoneshny
- Ohlson Research Initiative, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| | - Khara Sauro
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (K.S.); (S.R.); (R.H.); (T.W.M.); (J.D.); (S.P.C.)
- Ohlson Research Initiative, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- O’Brien Institute of Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Samuel Roberts
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (K.S.); (S.R.); (R.H.); (T.W.M.); (J.D.); (S.P.C.)
- University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2800, Australia
| | - Rob Hart
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (K.S.); (S.R.); (R.H.); (T.W.M.); (J.D.); (S.P.C.)
- Ohlson Research Initiative, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - T. Wayne Matthews
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (K.S.); (S.R.); (R.H.); (T.W.M.); (J.D.); (S.P.C.)
- Ohlson Research Initiative, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Joseph Dort
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (K.S.); (S.R.); (R.H.); (T.W.M.); (J.D.); (S.P.C.)
- Ohlson Research Initiative, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Shamir P. Chandarana
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (K.S.); (S.R.); (R.H.); (T.W.M.); (J.D.); (S.P.C.)
- Ohlson Research Initiative, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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2
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Shen LP, Jiang HT. Pan-cancer and single-cell analysis of actin cytoskeleton genes related to disulfidptosis. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20240929. [PMID: 38584831 PMCID: PMC10997004 DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-0929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Disulfidptosis was recently reported to be caused by abnormal disulfide accumulation in cells with high SLC7A11 levels subjected to glucose starvation, suggesting that targeting disulfidptosis was a potential strategy for cancer treatment. We analyzed the relationships between gene expression and mutations and prognoses of patients. In addition, the correlation between gene expression and immune cell infiltration was explored. The potential regulatory mechanisms of these genes were assessed by investigating their related signaling pathways involved in cancer, their expression patterns, and their cellular localization. Most cancer types showed a negative correlation between the gene-set variation analysis (GSVA) scores and infiltration of B cells and neutrophils, and a positive correlation between GSVA scores and infiltration of natural killer T and induced regulatory T cells. Single-cell analysis revealed that ACTB, DSTN, and MYL6 were highly expressed in different bladder urothelial carcinoma subtypes, but MYH10 showed a low expression. Immunofluorescence staining showed that actin cytoskeleton proteins were mainly localized in the actin filaments and plasma membrane. Notably, IQGAP1 was localized in the cell junctions. In conclusion, this study provided an overview of disulfidptosis-related actin cytoskeleton genes in pan-cancer. These genes were associated with the survival of patients and might be involved in cancer-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-ping Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Han-tao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
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3
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Lalremtluangi R, Dangore-Khasbage S. Non-Habit-Related Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e54594. [PMID: 38523993 PMCID: PMC10959472 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that can have a profound impact on an individual's health and well-being. Its etiology is commonly known to be habit induced, such as tobacco consumption, smoking, or alcohol abuse. Apart from these etiologies, certain factors that lead to OSCC are also present but are less frequently encountered in hospitals and clinics. However, these non-habitual factors, with their pathogenesis, can lead to OSCC, which may be confusing to certain medical practitioners. This article discusses the various non-habitual causes that can lead to OSCC, as well as their pathophysiology, molecular expression, and related indicators and prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalyn Lalremtluangi
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
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4
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Balakittnen J, Weeramange CE, Wallace DF, Duijf PHG, Cristino AS, Kenny L, Vasani S, Punyadeera C. Noncoding RNAs in oral cancer. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1754. [PMID: 35959932 PMCID: PMC10909450 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer (OC) is the most prevalent subtype of cancer arising in the head and neck region. OC risk is mainly attributed to behavioral risk factors such as exposure to tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption, and a lesser extent to viral infections such as human papillomaviruses and Epstein-Barr viruses. In addition to these acquired risk factors, heritable genetic factors have shown to be associated with OC risk. Despite the high incidence, biomarkers for OC diagnosis are lacking and consequently, patients are often diagnosed in advanced stages. This delay in diagnosis is reflected by poor overall outcomes of OC patients, where 5-year overall survival is around 50%. Among the biomarkers proposed for cancer detection, noncoding RNA (ncRNA) can be considered as one of the most promising categories of biomarkers due to their role in virtually all cellular processes. Similar to other cancer types, changes in expressions of ncRNAs have been reported in OC and a number of ncRNAs have diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potential. Moreover, some ncRNAs are capable of regulating gene expression by various mechanisms. Therefore, elucidating the current literature on the four main types of ncRNAs namely, microRNA, lncRNA, snoRNA, piwi-RNA, and circular RNA in the context of OC pathogenesis is timely and would enable further improvements and innovations in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of OC. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaikrishna Balakittnen
- The Centre for Biomedical Technologies, The School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQueenslandAustralia
- Saliva & Liquid Biopsy Translational Laboratory, Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQueenslandAustralia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health SciencesUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka
| | - Chameera Ekanayake Weeramange
- Saliva & Liquid Biopsy Translational Laboratory, Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQueenslandAustralia
| | - Daniel F. Wallace
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Pascal H. G. Duijf
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health at the Translational Research InstituteWoolloongabbaQueenslandAustralia
- Centre for Data Science, Queensland University of Queensland, TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, HerstonUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Department of Medical GeneticsOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
- University of Queensland Diamantina InstituteThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | | | - Liz Kenny
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Cancer Care ServicesHerstonQueenslandAustralia
- Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Sarju Vasani
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Cancer Care ServicesHerstonQueenslandAustralia
- Department of OtolaryngologyRoyal Brisbane and Women's HospitalHerstonQueenslandAustralia
| | - Chamindie Punyadeera
- Saliva & Liquid Biopsy Translational Laboratory, Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQueenslandAustralia
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health at the Translational Research InstituteWoolloongabbaQueenslandAustralia
- Menzies Health InstituteGriffith UniversityGold CoastQueenslandAustralia
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5
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Dong C, Zhao Y, Yang S, Jiao X. LINC00173 blocks GATA6-mediated transcription of COL5A1 to affect malignant development of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2023. [PMID: 36856154 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant expression of collagen type V alpha 1 chain (COL5A1) has been linked to several forms of human cancers. In this work, we focused on the interaction of the LINC00173/GATA binding protein 6 (GATA6)/COL5A1 axis in the malignant property of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. METHODS We analyzed six publicly accessible datasets GSE160042, GSE74530, GSE138206, GSE23558, GSE31853 and GSE146483 to identify aberrantly expressed genes in OSCC. The expression of COL5A1 in OSCC tissues and cell lines was examined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and/or immunohistochemistry. The regulatory mechanism responsible for COL5A1 transcription was predicted via bioinformatics systems, and the interactions of LINC00173, GATA6, and COL5A1 were identified by immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays. Overexpression or downregulation of COL5A1, GATA6, and LINC00173 were induced in OSCC cell lines to determine their roles in the malignant phenotype of the OSCC cells in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS COL5A1 showed elevated expression in OSCC tissues and cells. The COLA51 knockdown suppressed proliferation, migration and invasiveness, apoptosis resistance, and pro-angiogenic ability of OSCC cells, and it suppressed the growth and dissemination of xenograft tumors in vivo. GATA6 bound to COL5A1 promoter to activate its transcription, whereas LINC00173 bound to GATA6 to block this transcriptional activation. Overexpression of GATA6 or COL5A1 promoted the malignant phenotype of the OSCC cells, which were blocked upon LINC00173 upregulation. CONCLUSION This work demonstrates that LINC00173 blocks GATA6-mediated transcription of COL5A1 to affect malignant development of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Dong
- School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Jiao
- School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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6
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Patterns of Somatic Variants in Colorectal Adenoma and Carcinoma Tissue and Matched Plasma Samples from the Hungarian Oncogenome Program. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030907. [PMID: 36765865 PMCID: PMC9913259 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) of colorectal adenoma (AD) and cancer (CRC) patients provides a minimally invasive approach that is able to explore genetic alterations. It is unknown whether there are specific genetic variants that could explain the high prevalence of CRC in Hungary. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on colon tissues (27 AD, 51 CRC) and matched cfDNAs (17 AD, 33 CRC); furthermore, targeted panel sequencing was performed on a subset of cfDNA samples. The most frequently mutated genes were APC, KRAS, and FBN3 in AD, while APC, TP53, TTN, and KRAS were the most frequently mutated in CRC tissue. Variants in KRAS codons 12 (AD: 8/27, CRC: 11/51 (0.216)) and 13 (CRC: 3/51 (0.06)) were the most frequent in our sample set, with G12V (5/27) dominance in ADs and G12D (5/51 (0.098)) in CRCs. In terms of the cfDNA WES results, tumor somatic variants were found in 6/33 of CRC cases. Panel sequencing revealed somatic variants in 8 out of the 12 enrolled patients, identifying 12/20 tumor somatic variants falling on its targeted regions, while WES recovered only 20% in the respective regions in cfDNA of the same patients. In liquid biopsy analyses, WES is less efficient compared to the targeted panel sequencing with a higher coverage depth that can hold a relevant clinical potential to be applied in everyday practice in the future.
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7
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Iftikhar A, Islam M, Shepherd S, Jones S, Ellis I. What is behind the lifestyle risk factors for head and neck cancer? Front Psychol 2022; 13:960638. [PMID: 36312160 PMCID: PMC9608174 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.960638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle factors are known to be influential determinants of health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately one third of deaths involve unhealthy lifestyle habits. Among lifestyle risk factors for head and neck cancers (HNC), alcohol consumption and smoking have an undeniable role in the multifactorial aetiology of the disease. In recent years, the promotion of healthy lifestyle choices has gained significant attention as contributory to improving health and disease prevention. Interventions to tackle these risk factors are vitally important in disease prevention and progression. However, in order to effectively prevent the disease and reduce the risk factors, it is crucial to identify what upstream reasons lead to the adoption of these lifestyle risk factors in the first place. Stress being a constant aspect of modern-day life is known to contribute to alcohol and smoking practices. In this review paper, relevant literature was searched in PubMed database for stress, lifestyle factors, HNC and cancer to explore the role of stress and its associated biological pathways as an upstream factor in the adoption of lifestyle risk factors that cause HNC. It highlights the importance of stress pathways and the Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal (HPA) axis as a locus of interaction between stress, alcohol, smoking and cancer. Despite their widely accepted harmful effects, alcohol and smoking remain deeply rooted in contemporary life. A greater understanding of the impact of stress on lifestyle choices and an exploration of the mechanisms resulting in stress, alcohol- and smoking- related cancer may highlight opportunities for improved prevention measures through the modification of unhealthy lifestyle choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anem Iftikhar
- Unit of Cell and Molecular Biology, Dundee Dental School, University of Dundee, Dundee,United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Islam
- Unit of Cell and Molecular Biology, Dundee Dental School, University of Dundee, Dundee,United Kingdom
| | - Simon Shepherd
- Department of Oral Surgery and Medicine, Dundee Dental Hospital, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Jones
- Unit of Cell and Molecular Biology, Dundee Dental School, University of Dundee, Dundee,United Kingdom
| | - Ian Ellis
- Unit of Cell and Molecular Biology, Dundee Dental School, University of Dundee, Dundee,United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Ian Ellis,
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8
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Azees PAA, Natarajan S, Amaechi BT, Thajuddin N, Raghavendra VB, Brindhadevi K, Pugazhendhi A. An empirical review on the risk factors, therapeutic strategies and materials at nanoscale for the treatment of oral malignancies. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Pachuau L, Zami Z, Nunga T, Zodingliana R, Zoramthari R, Lalnuntluanga R, Sangi Z, Rinmawii L, Kumar NS, Lalhruaitluanga H. First-degree family history of cancer can be a potential risk factor among head and neck cancer patients in an isolated Mizo tribal population, northeast India. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2021.100954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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10
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Fantozzi PJ, Bavarian R, Tamayo I, Bind MA, Woo SB, Villa A. The role of family history of Cancer in Oral Cavity Cancer. Head Face Med 2021; 17:48. [PMID: 34809651 PMCID: PMC8607727 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-021-00298-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the 10th most common cancer in the United States (8th in males, 13th in females), with an estimated 54,010 new cases expected in 2021, and is primarily associated with smoked tobacco, heavy alcohol consumption, areca nut use and persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). Family history of cancer (FHC) and family history of head and neck cancer (FHHNC) have been reported to play an important role in the development of OSCC. We aimed to investigate the role of FHC, FHHNC and personal history of cancer in first/second degree-relatives as co-risk factors for oral cancer. Methods This was a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with OSCC at the Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and at the Division of Head and Neck Oncology at Dana Farber Cancer Institute. Conditional logistic regressions were performed to examine whether OSCC was associated with FHC and FHHNC of FDRs and SDRs, personal history of cancer and secondary risk factors. Results Overall, we did not find an association between FHC, FHHNC and OSCC risk, whereas patients with a cancer history in one of their siblings were 1.6-times more likely to present with an OSCC. When secondary risk factors were considered, patients with a history of oral leukoplakia and dysplasia had a 16-times higher risk of having an OSCC. Conclusions Our study confirmed that a previous history of oral leukoplakia or dysplasia was an independent risk factor for OSCC. A positive family history of cancer in one or more siblings may be an additional risk factor for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Junior Fantozzi
- Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Roxanne Bavarian
- Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ibon Tamayo
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marie-Abele Bind
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sook-Bin Woo
- Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alessandro Villa
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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11
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Uddin M, Bowen A, Betts G, Sainuddin S. Synchronous oral cavity malignancy in identical twins-unusual coincidence of similarities. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 51:621-624. [PMID: 34481736 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The multifactorial nature of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has led to increased efforts in establishing various risk factors. Well-known environmental risk factors for HNSCC include tobacco use, heavy alcohol consumption, immunosuppression, and more recently human papillomavirus infection. Familial clustering has been observed in cancers occurring at other sites, but not so much with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) without exposure to shared environmental risk factors. An unusual case of identical twins who presented with OSCC involving an identical site and exhibiting similar histological features is reported here. The two patients underwent identical surgery with curative intent, culminating in good outcomes. It appears that no other cases of identical twins with a similar presentation in time, anatomical site, and histopathology have been reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Uddin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK.
| | - A Bowen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK.
| | - G Betts
- Department of Adult Histopathology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK.
| | - S Sainuddin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK.
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12
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Wei T, Lambert PF. Role of IQGAP1 in Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3940. [PMID: 34439095 PMCID: PMC8391515 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Scaffolding proteins can play important roles in cell signaling transduction. IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) influences many cellular activities by scaffolding multiple key signaling pathways, including ones involved in carcinogenesis. Two decades of studies provide evidence that IQGAP1 plays an essential role in promoting cancer development. IQGAP1 is overexpressed in many types of cancer, and its overexpression in cancer is associated with lower survival of the cancer patient. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature regarding the oncogenic roles of IQGAP1. We start by describing the major cancer-related signaling pathways scaffolded by IQGAP1 and their associated cellular activities. We then describe clinical and molecular evidence for the contribution of IQGAP1 in different types of cancers. In the end, we review recent evidence implicating IQGAP1 in tumor-related immune responses. Given the critical role of IQGAP1 in carcinoma development, anti-tumor therapies targeting IQGAP1 or its associated signaling pathways could be beneficial for patients with many types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
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13
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue in Young Patients: A Case Series and Literature Review. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 79:1270-1286. [PMID: 33450194 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2020.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to describe 3 cases of tongue cancer in patients less than 21 years of age. Secondarily, a literature review was performed to examine disease presentation, risk factors, prognosis, and treatment strategies for young persons with tongue cancer. METHODS The authors presented 3 cases of childhood tongue cancer between 2009 and 2020 at the University of Michigan Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Ann Arbor, MI). An electronic literature review was conducted via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and MLibrary. RESULTS Including the present case series, 64 studies reporting 108 cases were identified. Age at presentation ranged from newborn to 20 years, with a mean age of 14.5 years. The majority of patients were female (52.2%); 68.1% of patients presented with T1 or T2 disease. Nodal metastases were seen in 56.1% of patients. The most commonly identified predisposing factors included Fanconi anemia (13.9%), bone marrow transplant (9.3%), tobacco use (6.5%), and xeroderma pigmentosum (4.6%). Most patients received surgery alone (37.5%), followed by surgery with adjuvant radiation (33.8%); 60.6% underwent neck dissection. Overall survival was 60.3% at 1 year and 43.6% at 5 years. CONCLUSIONS Oral tongue cancer in the young is a rare disease with poorly understood etiology. There is a need for oncologists and maxillofacial surgeons to collaborate in the study of genetic, social, environmental, and medical risk factors contributing to the disease. All patients should undergo high-throughput genetic sequencing to expand our understanding of the disease process and allow for targeted treatment strategies.
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Genetic alterations and clinical dimensions of oral cancer: a review. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:9135-9148. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05927-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Lorenzo-Martín LF, Fernández-Parejo N, Menacho-Márquez M, Rodríguez-Fdez S, Robles-Valero J, Zumalave S, Fabbiano S, Pascual G, García-Pedrero JM, Abad A, García-Macías MC, González N, Lorenzano-Menna P, Pavón MA, González-Sarmiento R, Segrelles C, Paramio JM, Tubío JMC, Rodrigo JP, Benitah SA, Cuadrado M, Bustelo XR. VAV2 signaling promotes regenerative proliferation in both cutaneous and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4788. [PMID: 32963234 PMCID: PMC7508832 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18524-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative proliferation capacity and poor differentiation are histological features usually linked to poor prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (hnSCC). However, the pathways that regulate them remain ill-characterized. Here, we show that those traits can be triggered by the RHO GTPase activator VAV2 in keratinocytes present in the skin and oral mucosa. VAV2 is also required to maintain those traits in hnSCC patient-derived cells. This function, which is both catalysis- and RHO GTPase-dependent, is mediated by c-Myc- and YAP/TAZ-dependent transcriptomal programs associated with regenerative proliferation and cell undifferentiation, respectively. High levels of VAV2 transcripts and VAV2-regulated gene signatures are both associated with poor hnSCC patient prognosis. These results unveil a druggable pathway linked to the malignancy of specific SCC subtypes. The Rho signalling pathway is frequently activated in squamous carcinomas. Here, the authors find that the Rho GEF VAV2 is over expressed in both cutaneous and head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and that at the molecular level VAV2 promotes a pro-tumorigenic stem cell-like signalling programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Francisco Lorenzo-Martín
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Natalia Fernández-Parejo
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mauricio Menacho-Márquez
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER, CONICET-UNR). Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Universidad Nacional de Rosario (M.M.-M.) and CellPress editorial office (S.F.), S2000LRJ, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Sonia Rodríguez-Fdez
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier Robles-Valero
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sonia Zumalave
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Salvatore Fabbiano
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER, CONICET-UNR). Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Universidad Nacional de Rosario (M.M.-M.) and CellPress editorial office (S.F.), S2000LRJ, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Gloria Pascual
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, 33011, Barcelona, Spain.,The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, 33011, Spain
| | - Juana M García-Pedrero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo University, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Antonio Abad
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María C García-Macías
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Nazareno González
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pablo Lorenzano-Menna
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and National University of Quilmes, Buenos Aires, B1876BXD, Argentina.,National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), National University of Quilmes, Buenos Aires, B1876BXD, Argentina
| | - Miguel A Pavón
- Institut Català d'Oncologia, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Centro Biomédica de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERESP), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carmen Segrelles
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús M Paramio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M C Tubío
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan P Rodrigo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo University, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Salvador A Benitah
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, 33011, Barcelona, Spain.,The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, 33011, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 33011, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Myriam Cuadrado
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Xosé R Bustelo
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain. .,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
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Huang Y, Zhao J, Mao G, Lee GS, Zhang J, Bi L, Gu L, Chang Z, Valentino J, Li GM. Author Correction: Identification of novel genetic variants predisposing to familial oral squamous cell carcinomas. Cell Discov 2020; 6:46. [PMID: 32685192 PMCID: PMC7358213 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-020-00189-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jizhi Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Guogen Mao
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Grace Sanghee Lee
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Jia Zhang
- Insititute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Lijun Bi
- Insititute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Liya Gu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Zhijie Chang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Joseph Valentino
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Guo-Min Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA. .,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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Vav2 pharmaco-mimetic mice reveal the therapeutic value and caveats of the catalytic inactivation of a Rho exchange factor. Oncogene 2020; 39:5098-5111. [PMID: 32528129 PMCID: PMC7610363 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The current paradigm holds that the inhibition of Rho guanosine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), the enzymes that stimulate Rho GTPases, can be a valuable therapeutic strategy to treat Rho-dependent tumors. However, formal validation of this idea using in vivo models is still missing. In this context, it is worth remembering that many Rho GEFs can mediate both catalysis-dependent and independent responses, thus raising the possibility that the inhibition of their catalytic activities might not be sufficient per se to block tumorigenic processes. On the other hand, the inhibition of these enzymes can trigger collateral side effects that could preclude the practical implementation of anti-GEF therapies. To address those issues, we have generated mouse models to mimic the effect of the systemic application of an inhibitor for the catalytic activity of the Rho GEF Vav2 at the organismal level. Our results indicate that lowering the catalytic activity of Vav2 below specific thresholds is sufficient to block skin tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. They also reveal that the negative side effects typically induced by the loss of Vav2 can be bypassed depending on the overall level of Vav2 inhibition achieved in vivo. These data underscore the pros and cons of anti-Rho GEF therapies for cancer treatment. They also support the idea that Vav2 could represent a viable drug target.
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