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Hosawi MM, Cheng J, Fankhaenel M, Przewloka MR, Elias S. Interplay between the plasma membrane and cell-cell adhesion maintains epithelial identity for correct polarised cell divisions. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261701. [PMID: 37888135 PMCID: PMC10729819 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polarised epithelial cell divisions represent a fundamental mechanism for tissue maintenance and morphogenesis. Morphological and mechanical changes in the plasma membrane influence the organisation and crosstalk of microtubules and actin at the cell cortex, thereby regulating the mitotic spindle machinery and chromosome segregation. Yet, the precise mechanisms linking plasma membrane remodelling to cell polarity and cortical cytoskeleton dynamics to ensure accurate execution of mitosis in mammalian epithelial cells remain poorly understood. Here, we manipulated the density of mammary epithelial cells in culture, which led to several mitotic defects. Perturbation of cell-cell adhesion formation impairs the dynamics of the plasma membrane, affecting the shape and size of mitotic cells and resulting in defects in mitotic progression and the generation of daughter cells with aberrant architecture. In these conditions, F- actin-astral microtubule crosstalk is impaired, leading to mitotic spindle misassembly and misorientation, which in turn contributes to chromosome mis-segregation. Mechanistically, we identify S100 Ca2+-binding protein A11 (S100A11) as a key membrane-associated regulator that forms a complex with E-cadherin (CDH1) and the leucine-glycine-asparagine repeat protein LGN (also known as GPSM2) to coordinate plasma membrane remodelling with E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion and LGN-dependent mitotic spindle machinery. Thus, plasma membrane-mediated maintenance of mammalian epithelial cell identity is crucial for correct execution of polarised cell divisions, genome maintenance and safeguarding tissue integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal M. Hosawi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Jiaoqi Cheng
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Maria Fankhaenel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Marcin R. Przewloka
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Salah Elias
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
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2
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Du X, Yi X, Zou X, Chen Y, Tai Y, Ren X, He X. PCDH1, a poor prognostic biomarker and potential target for pancreatic adenocarcinoma metastatic therapy. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1102. [PMID: 37957639 PMCID: PMC10642060 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11474-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is an aggressive solid tumour characterised by few early symptoms, high mortality, and lack of effective treatment. Therefore, it is important to identify new potential therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers of PAAD. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases were used to identify the expression and prognostic model of protocadherin 1 (PCDH1). The prognostic performance of risk factors and diagnosis of patients with PAAD were evaluated by regression analysis, nomogram, and receiver operating characteristic curve. Paraffin sections were collected from patients for immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. The expression of PCDH1 in cells obtained from primary tumours or metastatic biopsies was identified using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting were used to verify PCDH1 expression levels and the inhibitory effects of the compounds. RESULTS The RNA and protein levels of PCDH1 were significantly higher in PAAD cells than in normal pancreatic ductal cells, similar to those observed in tissue sections from patients with PAAD. Aberrant methylation of the CpG site cg19767205 and micro-RNA (miRNA) hsa-miR-124-1 may be important reasons for the high PCDH1 expression in PAAD. Up-regulated PCDH1 promotes pancreatic cancer cell metastasis. The RNA levels of PCDH1 were significantly down-regulated following flutamide treatment. Flutamide reduced the percentage of PCDH1 RNA level in PAAD cells Panc-0813 to < 50%. In addition, the PCDH1 protein was significantly down-regulated after Panc-0813 cells were incubated with 20 µM flutamide and proves to be a potential therapeutic intervention for PAAD. CONCLUSION PCDH1 is a key prognostic biomarker and promoter of PAAD metastasis. Additionally, flutamide may serve as a novel compound that down-regulates PCDH1 expression as a potential treatment for combating PAAD progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyi Du
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
- Nanhu Laboratory, Jiaxing, 314002, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
- Nanhu Laboratory, Jiaxing, 314002, China
| | - Xiaocui Zou
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
- Nanhu Laboratory, Jiaxing, 314002, China
| | - Yanhong Tai
- Department of Pathology, No.307 Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xuhong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Xinhua He
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China.
- Nanhu Laboratory, Jiaxing, 314002, China.
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3
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Fankhaenel M, Hashemi FSG, Mourao L, Lucas E, Hosawi MM, Skipp P, Morin X, Scheele CLGJ, Elias S. Annexin A1 is a polarity cue that directs mitotic spindle orientation during mammalian epithelial morphogenesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:151. [PMID: 36631478 PMCID: PMC9834401 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35881-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oriented cell divisions are critical for the formation and maintenance of structured epithelia. Proper mitotic spindle orientation relies on polarised anchoring of force generators to the cell cortex by the evolutionarily conserved protein complex formed by the Gαi subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins, the Leucine-Glycine-Asparagine repeat protein (LGN) and the nuclear mitotic apparatus protein. However, the polarity cues that control cortical patterning of this ternary complex remain largely unknown in mammalian epithelia. Here we identify the membrane-associated protein Annexin A1 (ANXA1) as an interactor of LGN in mammary epithelial cells. Annexin A1 acts independently of Gαi to instruct the accumulation of LGN and nuclear mitotic apparatus protein at the lateral cortex to ensure cortical anchoring of Dynein-Dynactin and astral microtubules and thereby planar alignment of the mitotic spindle. Loss of Annexin A1 randomises mitotic spindle orientation, which in turn disrupts epithelial architecture and luminogenesis in three-dimensional cultures of primary mammary epithelial cells. Our findings establish Annexin A1 as an upstream cortical cue that regulates LGN to direct planar cell divisions during mammalian epithelial morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fankhaenel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.,Insitute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Farahnaz S Golestan Hashemi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.,Insitute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Larissa Mourao
- VIB-KULeuven Center for Cancer Biology, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emily Lucas
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.,Insitute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Manal M Hosawi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.,Insitute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Paul Skipp
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.,Insitute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.,Centre for Proteomic Research, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Xavier Morin
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | | | - Salah Elias
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK. .,Insitute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
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4
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Akbar H, Cao J, Wang D, Yuan X, Zhang M, Muthusamy S, Song X, Liu X, Aikhionbare F, Yao X, Gao X, Liu X. Acetylation of Nup62 by TIP60 ensures accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis. J Mol Cell Biol 2022; 14:6747133. [PMID: 36190325 PMCID: PMC9926331 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjac056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stable transmission of genetic information during cell division requires faithful mitotic spindle assembly and chromosome segregation. In eukaryotic cells, nuclear envelope breakdown (NEBD) is required for proper chromosome segregation. Although a list of mitotic kinases has been implicated in NEBD, how they coordinate their activity to dissolve the nuclear envelope and protein machinery such as nuclear pore complexes was unclear. Here, we identified a regulatory mechanism in which Nup62 is acetylated by TIP60 in human cell division. Nup62 is a novel substrate of TIP60, and the acetylation of Lys432 by TIP60 dissolves nucleoporin Nup62-Nup58-Nup54 complex during entry into mitosis. Importantly, this acetylation-elicited remodeling of nucleoporin complex promotes the distribution of Nup62 to the mitotic spindle, which is indispensable for orchestrating correct spindle orientation. Moreover, suppression of Nup62 perturbs accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis. These results establish a previously uncharacterized regulatory mechanism in which TIP60-elicited nucleoporin dynamics promotes chromosome segregation in mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hameed Akbar
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular and Cell Sciences, Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Jun Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular and Cell Sciences, Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular and Cell Sciences, Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular and Cell Sciences, Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Manjuan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular and Cell Sciences, Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei 230027, China
| | | | - Xiaoyu Song
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China,Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
| | - Xu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular and Cell Sciences, Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei 230027, China
| | | | | | | | - Xing Liu
- Correspondence to: Xing Liu, E-mail:
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5
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Almacellas E, Mauvezin C. Emerging roles of mitotic autophagy. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:275665. [PMID: 35686549 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.255802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes exert pleiotropic functions to maintain cellular homeostasis and degrade autophagy cargo. Despite the great advances that have boosted our understanding of autophagy and lysosomes in both physiology and pathology, their function in mitosis is still controversial. During mitosis, most organelles are reshaped or repurposed to allow the correct distribution of chromosomes. Mitotic entry is accompanied by a reduction in sites of autophagy initiation, supporting the idea of an inhibition of autophagy to protect the genetic material against harmful degradation. However, there is accumulating evidence revealing the requirement of selective autophagy and functional lysosomes for a faithful chromosome segregation. Degradation is the most-studied lysosomal activity, but recently described alternative functions that operate in mitosis highlight the lysosomes as guardians of mitotic progression. Because the involvement of autophagy in mitosis remains controversial, it is important to consider the specific contribution of signalling cascades, the functions of autophagic proteins and the multiple roles of lysosomes, as three entangled, but independent, factors controlling genomic stability. In this Review, we discuss the latest advances in this area and highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting autophagy for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Almacellas
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Caroline Mauvezin
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona c/ Casanova, 143 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), c/ Rosselló, 149-153 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Dynamic crotonylation of EB1 by TIP60 ensures accurate spindle positioning in mitosis. Nat Chem Biol 2021; 17:1314-1323. [PMID: 34608293 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-021-00875-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Spindle position control is essential for cell fate determination and organogenesis. Early studies indicate the essential role of the evolutionarily conserved Gαi/LGN/NuMA network in spindle positioning. However, the regulatory mechanisms that couple astral microtubules dynamics to the spindle orientation remain elusive. Here we delineated a new mitosis-specific crotonylation-regulated astral microtubule-EB1-NuMA interaction in mitosis. EB1 is a substrate of TIP60, and TIP60-dependent crotonylation of EB1 tunes accurate spindle positioning in mitosis. Mechanistically, TIP60 crotonylation of EB1 at Lys66 forms a dynamic link between accurate attachment of astral microtubules to the lateral cell cortex defined by NuMA-LGN and fine tune of spindle positioning. Real-time imaging of chromosome movements in HeLa cells expressing genetically encoded crotonylated EB1 revealed the importance of crotonylation dynamics for accurate control of spindle orientation during metaphase-anaphase transition. These findings delineate a general signaling cascade that integrates protein crotonylation with accurate spindle positioning for chromosome stability in mitosis.
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7
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Luthold C, Lambert H, Guilbert SM, Rodrigue MA, Fuchs M, Varlet AA, Fradet-Turcotte A, Lavoie JN. CDK1-Mediated Phosphorylation of BAG3 Promotes Mitotic Cell Shape Remodeling and the Molecular Assembly of Mitotic p62 Bodies. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102638. [PMID: 34685619 PMCID: PMC8534064 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cochaperone BCL2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3), in complex with the heat shock protein HSPB8, facilitates mitotic rounding, spindle orientation, and proper abscission of daughter cells. BAG3 and HSPB8 mitotic functions implicate the sequestosome p62/SQSTM1, suggesting a role for protein quality control. However, the interplay between this chaperone-assisted pathway and the mitotic machinery is not known. Here, we show that BAG3 phosphorylation at the conserved T285 is regulated by CDK1 and activates its function in mitotic cell shape remodeling. BAG3 phosphorylation exhibited a high dynamic at mitotic entry and both a non-phosphorylatable BAG3T285A and a phosphomimetic BAG3T285D protein were unable to correct the mitotic defects in BAG3-depleted HeLa cells. We also demonstrate that BAG3 phosphorylation, HSPB8, and CDK1 activity modulate the molecular assembly of p62/SQSTM1 into mitotic bodies containing K63 polyubiquitinated chains. These findings suggest the existence of a mitotically regulated spatial quality control mechanism for the fidelity of cell shape remodeling in highly dividing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Luthold
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada; (C.L.); (H.L.); (S.M.G.); (M.-A.R.); (M.F.); (A.-A.V.); (A.F.-T.)
- Oncology, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Herman Lambert
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada; (C.L.); (H.L.); (S.M.G.); (M.-A.R.); (M.F.); (A.-A.V.); (A.F.-T.)
- Oncology, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Solenn M. Guilbert
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada; (C.L.); (H.L.); (S.M.G.); (M.-A.R.); (M.F.); (A.-A.V.); (A.F.-T.)
- Oncology, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Marc-Antoine Rodrigue
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada; (C.L.); (H.L.); (S.M.G.); (M.-A.R.); (M.F.); (A.-A.V.); (A.F.-T.)
- Oncology, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Margit Fuchs
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada; (C.L.); (H.L.); (S.M.G.); (M.-A.R.); (M.F.); (A.-A.V.); (A.F.-T.)
- Oncology, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Alice-Anaïs Varlet
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada; (C.L.); (H.L.); (S.M.G.); (M.-A.R.); (M.F.); (A.-A.V.); (A.F.-T.)
- Oncology, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Amélie Fradet-Turcotte
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada; (C.L.); (H.L.); (S.M.G.); (M.-A.R.); (M.F.); (A.-A.V.); (A.F.-T.)
- Oncology, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Biochimie Médicale et Pathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Josée N. Lavoie
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada; (C.L.); (H.L.); (S.M.G.); (M.-A.R.); (M.F.); (A.-A.V.); (A.F.-T.)
- Oncology, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Quebec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Biochimie Médicale et Pathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Luthold C, Varlet AA, Lambert H, Bordeleau F, Lavoie JN. Chaperone-Assisted Mitotic Actin Remodeling by BAG3 and HSPB8 Involves the Deacetylase HDAC6 and Its Substrate Cortactin. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010142. [PMID: 33375626 PMCID: PMC7795263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The fidelity of actin dynamics relies on protein quality control, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly defined. During mitosis, the cochaperone BCL2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) modulates cell rounding, cortex stability, spindle orientation, and chromosome segregation. Mitotic BAG3 shows enhanced interactions with its preferred chaperone partner HSPB8, the autophagic adaptor p62/SQSTM1, and HDAC6, a deacetylase with cytoskeletal substrates. Here, we show that depletion of BAG3, HSPB8, or p62/SQSTM1 can recapitulate the same inhibition of mitotic cell rounding. Moreover, depletion of either of these proteins also interfered with the dynamic of the subcortical actin cloud that contributes to spindle positioning. These phenotypes were corrected by drugs that limit the Arp2/3 complex or HDAC6 activity, arguing for a role for BAG3 in tuning branched actin network assembly. Mechanistically, we found that cortactin acetylation/deacetylation is mitotically regulated and is correlated with a reduced association of cortactin with HDAC6 in situ. Remarkably, BAG3 depletion hindered the mitotic decrease in cortactin–HDAC6 association. Furthermore, expression of an acetyl-mimic cortactin mutant in BAG3-depleted cells normalized mitotic cell rounding and the subcortical actin cloud organization. Together, these results reinforce a BAG3′s function for accurate mitotic actin remodeling, via tuning cortactin and HDAC6 spatial dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Luthold
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada; (C.L.); (A.-A.V.); (H.L.)
- Oncology, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Alice-Anaïs Varlet
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada; (C.L.); (A.-A.V.); (H.L.)
- Oncology, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Herman Lambert
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada; (C.L.); (A.-A.V.); (H.L.)
- Oncology, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - François Bordeleau
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada; (C.L.); (A.-A.V.); (H.L.)
- Oncology, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Biochimie Médicale et Pathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (J.N.L.)
| | - Josée N. Lavoie
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada; (C.L.); (A.-A.V.); (H.L.)
- Oncology, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Biochimie Médicale et Pathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (J.N.L.)
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9
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Liu X, Liu X, Wang H, Dou Z, Ruan K, Hill DL, Li L, Shi Y, Yao X. Phase separation drives decision making in cell division. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:13419-13431. [PMID: 32699013 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.011746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of biomolecules drives the formation of subcellular compartments with distinct physicochemical properties. These compartments, free of lipid bilayers and therefore called membraneless organelles, include nucleoli, centrosomes, heterochromatin, and centromeres. These have emerged as a new paradigm to account for subcellular organization and cell fate decisions. Here we summarize recent studies linking LLPS to mitotic spindle, heterochromatin, and centromere assembly and their plasticity controls in the context of the cell division cycle, highlighting a functional role for phase behavior and material properties of proteins assembled onto heterochromatin, centromeres, and central spindles via LLPS. The techniques and tools for visualizing and harnessing membraneless organelle dynamics and plasticity in mitosis are also discussed, as is the potential for these discoveries to promote new research directions for investigating chromosome dynamics, plasticity, and interchromosome interactions in the decision-making process during mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Science, Hefei, China; Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics & Chemical Biology, Hefei National Center for Physical Sciences at Nanoscale, Hefei, China; Keck Center for Cellular Dynamics and Organoids Plasticity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Science, Hefei, China; Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics & Chemical Biology, Hefei National Center for Physical Sciences at Nanoscale, Hefei, China; Keck Center for Cellular Dynamics and Organoids Plasticity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Haowei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Science, Hefei, China; Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics & Chemical Biology, Hefei National Center for Physical Sciences at Nanoscale, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen Dou
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Science, Hefei, China; Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics & Chemical Biology, Hefei National Center for Physical Sciences at Nanoscale, Hefei, China
| | - Ke Ruan
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Science, Hefei, China; Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics & Chemical Biology, Hefei National Center for Physical Sciences at Nanoscale, Hefei, China
| | - Donald L Hill
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Lin Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunyu Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Science, Hefei, China; Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics & Chemical Biology, Hefei National Center for Physical Sciences at Nanoscale, Hefei, China
| | - Xuebiao Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Science, Hefei, China; Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics & Chemical Biology, Hefei National Center for Physical Sciences at Nanoscale, Hefei, China; Keck Center for Cellular Dynamics and Organoids Plasticity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai, China.
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Wen KK, Han SS, Vyas YM. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein senses irradiation-induced DNA damage to coordinate the cell-protective Golgi dispersal response in human T and B lymphocytes. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 145:324-334. [PMID: 31604087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked primary immune deficiency disorder resulting from Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) deficiency. Lymphocytes from patients with WAS manifest increased DNA damage and lymphopenia from cell death, yet how WASp influences DNA damage-linked cell survival is unknown. A recently described mechanism promoting cell survival after ionizing radiation (IR)-induced DNA damage involves fragmentation and dispersal of the Golgi apparatus, known as the Golgi-dispersal response (GDR), which uses the Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3)-DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK)-myosin XVIIIA-F-actin signaling pathway. OBJECTIVE We sought to define WASp's role in the DNA damage-induced GDR and its disruption as a contributor to the development of radiosensitivity-linked immunodeficiency in patients with WAS. METHODS In human TH and B-cell culture systems, DNA damage-induced GDR elicited by IR or radiomimetic chemotherapy was monitored in the presence or absence of WASp or GOLPH3 alone or both together. RESULTS WASp deficiency completely prevents the development of IR-induced GDR in human TH and B cells, despite the high DNA damage load. Loss of WASp impedes nuclear translocation of GOLPH3 and its colocalization with the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs). Surprisingly, however, depletion of GOLPH3 alone or depolymerization of F-actin in WASp-sufficient TH cells still allows development of robust GDR, suggesting that WASp, but not GOLPH3, is essential for GDR and cell survival after IR-induced DNA-damage in human lymphocytes. CONCLUSION The study identifies WASp as a novel effector of the nucleus-to-Golgi cell-survival pathway triggered by IR-induced DNA damage in cells of the hematolymphoid lineage and proposes an impaired GDR as a new cause for development of a "radiosensitive" form of immune dysregulation in patients with WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Kuang Wen
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, and the Stead Family University of Iowa Children's Hospital, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Seong-Su Han
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, and the Stead Family University of Iowa Children's Hospital, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Yatin M Vyas
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, and the Stead Family University of Iowa Children's Hospital, Iowa City, Iowa.
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