1
|
Schué E, Rickertsen DRL, Korpusik AB, Adili A, Seidel D, Sumerlin BS. Alternating styrene-propylene and styrene-ethylene copolymers prepared by photocatalytic decarboxylation. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11228-11236. [PMID: 37860640 PMCID: PMC10583696 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03827k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of olefin-styrene copolymers with defined architecture is challenging due to the limitations associated with the inherent reactivity ratios for these monomers in radical or metal-catalyzed polymerizations. Herein, we developed a straightforward approach to alternating styrene-propylene and styrene-ethylene copolymers by combining radical polymerizations and powerful post-polymerization modification reactions. We employed reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) copolymerization between styrene derivatives and saccharin (meth)acrylamide to generate alternating copolymers. Once polymerized, the amide bond of the saccharin monomers was highly reactive toward hydrolysis, an observation exploited to obtain alternating styrene-acrylic acid/methacrylic acid copolymers. Subsequent mild decarboxylation of the (meth)acrylic acid groups in the presence of a photocatalyst and a hydrogen source under visible light resulted in the styrene-alt-ethylene/propylene copolymers. Alternating copolymers comprised of either propylene or ethylene units alternating with functional styrene derivatives were also prepared, illustrating the compatibility of this approach for functional polymer synthesis. Finally, the thermal properties of the alternating copolymers were compared to those from statistical copolymer analogs to elucidate the effect of microarchitecture and styrene substituents on the glass transition temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Schué
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Dillon R L Rickertsen
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Angie B Korpusik
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Alafate Adili
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Daniel Seidel
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Brent S Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fursov EA, Shabalin AY, Potapov AG, Chesalov YA, Prikhod’ko SA, Adonin NY. Relationship between the Structure of Fluorine-Containing Phenoxy-Imine Complexes, Their Spectral Properties and Activity in Ethylene Polymerization. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090422700555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
3
|
Removal of mononuclear alkylaluminum species in aluminoxane using a crosslinked polymer bearing bulky phenoxy groups. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00507-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
4
|
Collins S, Hasan G, Joshi A, McIndoe JS, Linnolahti M. Are Methylaluminoxane Activators Sheets? Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1326-1335. [PMID: 33971081 PMCID: PMC8362195 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations on neutral sheet models for methylaluminoxane (MAO) indicate that these structures, containing 5‐coordinate and 4‐coordinate Al, are likely precursors to ion‐pairs seen during the hydrolysis of trimethylaluminum (Me3Al) in the presence of donors such as octamethyltrisiloxane (OMTS). Ionization by both methide ([Me]−) and [Me2Al]+ abstraction, involving this donor, were studied by polarizable continuum model calculations in fluorobenzene (PhF) and o‐difluorobenzene (DFB) media. These studies suggest that low MW, 5‐coordinate sheets ionize by [Me2Al]+ abstraction, while [Me]− abstraction from Me3Al‐OMTS is the likely process for higher MW 4‐coordinate sheets. Further, comparison of anion stabilities per mole of aluminoxane repeat unit (MeAlO)n, suggest that anions such as [(MeAlO)7(Me3Al)4Me]−=[7,4]− are especially stable compared to higher homologues, even though their neutral precursors are unstable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Collins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800, Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, V8P 5 C2, Canada
| | - Galib Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu Campus, Yliopistokatu 7, 80100, Joensuu, Finland.,Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR) c/o Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I Virtasen Aukio 1, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anuj Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800, Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, V8P 5 C2, Canada.,UVic Genome BC Proteomics Research Centre, 4464, Markham St #3101, Victoria, BC V8Z 5N3, Canada
| | - J Scott McIndoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800, Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, V8P 5 C2, Canada
| | - Mikko Linnolahti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu Campus, Yliopistokatu 7, 80100, Joensuu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|