1
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Gahane AY, Verma DP, Sarkar S, Thakur AK. Evaluation of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) of Novel Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl- Phenylalanine Antimicrobial Agent. Pharm Res 2024; 41:687-698. [PMID: 38519814 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03690-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the pharmacokinetic profile, in-vivo toxicity, and efficacy of 9-Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-L-phenylalanine (Fmoc-F) as a potential antibacterial agent, with a focus on its suitability for clinical translation. METHODS An RP-HPLC-based bio-analytical method was developed and qualified to quantify Fmoc-F levels in mouse plasma for pharmacokinetic analysis. Oral bioavailability was determined, and in-vivo toxicity was evaluated following intra-peritoneal administration. Efficacy was assessed by measuring the reduction in Staphylococcus aureus burden and survival rates in BALB/c mice. RESULTS The RP-HPLC method is highly sensitive, detecting as low as 0.8 µg mL-1 (~ 2 µM) of Fmoc-F in blood plasma. This study revealed that Fmoc-F has an oral bioavailability of 65 ± 18% and suitable pharmacokinetic profile. Further, we showed that intra-peritoneal administration of Fmoc-F is well tolerated by BALB/c mice and Fmoc-F treatment (100 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly reduces Staphylococcus aureus burden from visceral organs in BALB/c mice but falls short in enhancing survival rates at higher bacterial loads. CONCLUSIONS The study provides crucial insights into the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of Fmoc-F. The compound displayed favourable oral bioavailability and in-vivo tolerance. Its significant reduction of bacterial burden underscores its potential as a treatment for systemic infections. However, limited effectiveness for severe infections, short half-life, and inflammatory response at higher doses need to be addressed for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Y Gahane
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
| | - Devesh Pratap Verma
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
| | - Swagata Sarkar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
| | - Ashwani K Thakur
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India.
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2
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Wang Y, Rencus-Lazar S, Zhou H, Yin Y, Jiang X, Cai K, Gazit E, Ji W. Bioinspired Amino Acid Based Materials in Bionanotechnology: From Minimalistic Building Blocks and Assembly Mechanism to Applications. ACS NANO 2024; 18:1257-1288. [PMID: 38157317 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Inspired by natural hierarchical self-assembly of proteins and peptides, amino acids, as the basic building units, have been shown to self-assemble to form highly ordered structures through supramolecular interactions. The fabrication of functional biomaterials comprised of extremely simple biomolecules has gained increasing interest due to the advantages of biocompatibility, easy functionalization, and structural modularity. In particular, amino acid based assemblies have shown attractive physical characteristics for various bionanotechnology applications. Herein, we propose a review paper to summarize the design strategies as well as research advances of amino acid based supramolecular assemblies as smart functional materials. We first briefly introduce bioinspired reductionist design strategies and assembly mechanism for amino acid based molecular assembly materials through noncovalent interactions in condensed states, including self-assembly, metal ion mediated coordination assembly, and coassembly. In the following part, we provide an overview of the properties and functions of amino acid based materials toward applications in nanotechnology and biomedicine. Finally, we give an overview of the remaining challenges and future perspectives on the fabrication of amino acid based supramolecular biomaterials with desired properties. We believe that this review will promote the prosperous development of innovative bioinspired functional materials formed by minimalistic building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Sigal Rencus-Lazar
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Haoran Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Yin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Ehud Gazit
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Wei Ji
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
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3
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Ortega MA, De Leon-Oliva D, Boaru DL, Fraile-Martinez O, García-Montero C, Diaz R, Coca S, Barrena-Blázquez S, Bujan J, García-Honduvilla N, Saez MA, Álvarez-Mon M, Saz JV. Unraveling the New Perspectives on Antimicrobial Hydrogels: State-of-the-Art and Translational Applications. Gels 2023; 9:617. [PMID: 37623072 PMCID: PMC10453485 DOI: 10.3390/gels9080617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing impact of infections and the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance represent a public health concern worldwide. The exponential development in the field of biomaterials and its multiple applications can offer a solution to the problems that derive from these situations. In this sense, antimicrobial hydrogels represent a promising opportunity with multiple translational expectations in the medical management of infectious diseases due to their unique physicochemical and biological properties as well as for drug delivery in specific areas. Hydrogels are three-dimensional cross-linked networks of hydrophilic polymers that can absorb and retain large amounts of water or biological fluids. Moreover, antimicrobial hydrogels (AMH) present good biocompatibility, low toxicity, availability, viscoelasticity, biodegradability, and antimicrobial properties. In the present review, we collect and discuss the most promising strategies in the development of AMH, which are divided into hydrogels with inherent antimicrobial activity and antimicrobial agent-loaded hydrogels based on their composition. Then, we present an overview of the main translational applications: wound healing, tissue engineering and regeneration, drug delivery systems, contact lenses, 3D printing, biosensing, and water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (S.C.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.); (J.V.S.)
| | - Diego De Leon-Oliva
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (S.C.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.); (J.V.S.)
| | - Diego Liviu Boaru
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (S.C.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.); (J.V.S.)
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (S.C.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.); (J.V.S.)
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (S.C.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.); (J.V.S.)
| | - Raul Diaz
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.); (J.V.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Santiago Coca
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (S.C.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.); (J.V.S.)
| | - Silvestra Barrena-Blázquez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (S.C.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.); (J.V.S.)
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Julia Bujan
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (S.C.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.); (J.V.S.)
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (S.C.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.); (J.V.S.)
| | - Miguel A. Saez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (S.C.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.); (J.V.S.)
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Central University Hospital of Defence-UAH Madrid, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (O.F.-M.); (C.G.-M.); (S.C.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.); (J.V.S.)
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology Service, Central University Hospital of Defence-UAH Madrid, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Jose V. Saz
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.); (J.V.S.)
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
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4
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Sitsanidis E, Dutra LAL, Schirmer J, Chevigny R, Lahtinen M, Johansson A, Piras CC, Smith DK, Tiirola M, Pettersson M, Nissinen M. Probing the Gelation Synergies and Anti- Escherichia coli Activity of Fmoc-Phenylalanine/Graphene Oxide Hybrid Hydrogel. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:10225-10234. [PMID: 36969436 PMCID: PMC10034972 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The N-fluorenyl-9-methyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-protected amino acids have shown high antimicrobial application potential, among which the phenylalanine derivative (Fmoc-F) is the most well-known representative. However, the activity spectrum of Fmoc-F is restricted to Gram-positive bacteria only. The demand for efficient antimicrobial materials expanded research into graphene and its derivatives, although the reported results are somewhat controversial. Herein, we combined graphene oxide (GO) flakes with Fmoc-F amino acid to form Fmoc-F/GO hybrid hydrogel for the first time. We studied the synergistic effect of each component on gelation and assessed the material's bactericidal activity on Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli). GO flakes do not affect Fmoc-F self-assembly per se but modulate the elasticity of the gel and speed up its formation. The hybrid hydrogel affects E. coli survival, initially causing abrupt bacterial death followed by the recovery of the surviving ones due to the inoculum effect (IE). The combination of graphene with amino acids is a step forward in developing antimicrobial gels due to their easy preparation, chemical modification, graphene functionalization, cost-effectiveness, and physicochemical/biological synergy of each component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstratios
D. Sitsanidis
- Department
of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University
of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Lara A. L. Dutra
- Department
of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Johanna Schirmer
- Department
of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University
of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Romain Chevigny
- Department
of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University
of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Manu Lahtinen
- Department
of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University
of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Andreas Johansson
- Department
of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University
of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- Department
of Physics, Nanoscience Center, University
of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Carmen C. Piras
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - David K. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Marja Tiirola
- Department
of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Mika Pettersson
- Department
of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University
of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Maija Nissinen
- Department
of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University
of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
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5
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Bari AK, Belalekar TS, Poojary A, Rohra S. Combination drug strategies for biofilm eradication using synthetic and natural agents in KAPE pathogens. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1155699. [PMID: 37139491 PMCID: PMC10149696 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1155699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a global threat caused by factors such as overuse of antibiotics, lack of awareness, development of biofilms etc. World Health Organization released a list of global priority pathogens which consisted of 12 species of bacteria categorized as expressing critical, high and medium resistance. Several Gram-negative and Gram-positive species are known to cause wide varieties of infections and have become multidrug or extremely drug resistant. Pathogens causing infections associated with invasive medical devices are biofilm producers and hence their treatment becomes difficult due to a structurally stable matrix which prevents antibiotics from penetrating the biofilm and thereby showing its effects. Factors contributing to tolerance are inhibition of penetration, restricted growth and activation of biofilm genes. Combination drug therapies has also shown potential to eradicate biofilm infections. A combination of inhaled Fosfomycin/tobramycin antibiotic strategy has been effective against Gram-negative as well as Gram positive organisms. Along with antibiotics, use of natural or synthetic adjuvants shows promising effects to treat biofilm infections. Fluroquinolone activity on biofilms is disrupted by low oxygen tension in the matrix, a strategy known as hyperbaric oxygen treatment that can enhance efficacy of antibiotics if well optimized. Adjuvants such as Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS) and chlorhexidine act by killing non-growing microbial cells aggregated on the inner layer of the biofilm. This review aims to list down current combination therapies used against Gram-negative and Gram-positive biofilm forming pathogens and brief about comparison of combination drugs and their efficacies.
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Zhang Q, Yu S, Hu M, Liu Z, Yu P, Li C, Zhang X. Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Peptide KN-17. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2114. [PMID: 36363705 PMCID: PMC9699635 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Peri-implantitis, an infectious disease originating from dental biofilm that forms around dental implants, which causes the loss of both osseointegration and bone tissue. KN-17, a truncated cecropin B peptide, demonstrated efficacy against certain bacterial strains associated with peri-implantitis. This study aimed to assess the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and mechanisms of KN-17. The effects of KN-17 on oral pathogenic bacteria were assessed by measuring its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Moreover, the cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effects of KN-17 were evaluated. KN-17 inhibited the growth of Streptococcus gordonii and Fusobacterium nucleatum during in vitro biofilm formation and possessed low toxicity to hBMSCs cells. KN-17 also caused RAW264.7 macrophages to transform from M1 to M2 by downregulating pro-inflammatory and upregulating anti-inflammatory factors. It inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway by reducing IκBα and P65 protein phosphorylation while promoting IκBα degradation and nuclear P65 translocation. KN-17 might be an efficacious prophylaxis against peri-implant inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shuipeng Yu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Meilin Hu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhiyang Liu
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Pei Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 39 Huangsha Avenue, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Changyi Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin 300070, China
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7
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Prakash V, Christian Y, Redkar AS, Roy A, Anandalakshmi R, Ramakrishnan V. Antibacterial hydrogels of aromatic tripeptides. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:6360-6371. [PMID: 35971808 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00606e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled peptide hydrogels have emerged as alternatives to the conventional approaches employed in controlled drug release, wound-healing, and drug delivery, and as anti-infective agents. However, peptide hydrogels possessing antibacterial properties are less explored. In this work, we have designed three ultrashort antibacterial peptide hydrogels: Fmoc-FFH-CONH2, Fmoc-FHF-CONH2, and Fmoc-HFF-CONH2. The rheological study showed the higher storage modulus of Fmoc-FFH-CONH2 (30.43 kPa) compared to Fmoc-FHF-CONH2 and Fmoc-HFF-CONH2, which may be attributed to the enhanced aromatic interaction in Fmoc-FFH-CONH2 compared to the other two variants, resulting in more mechanical rigidity. Further, the prepared hydrogels were evaluated for their inherent antibacterial potency against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, strain MTCC 96) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, strain PA01) bacteria. Antibacterial experiments demonstrated the potency of the hydrogels in the order of Fmoc-FFH-CONH2 > Fmoc-FHF-CONH2 > Fmoc-HFF-CONH2. The antibacterial effect of the hydrogels was predominantly due to the osmotic stress and membrane disruption, which was verified by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and outer membrane permeabilization assays. Our findings point to the scope of using the synthesized peptide hydrogels as agents for topical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Prakash
- Molecular Informatics and Design Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
| | - Yvonne Christian
- Molecular Informatics and Design Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
| | - Amay Sanjay Redkar
- Molecular Informatics and Design Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
| | - Abhishek Roy
- Advanced Energy & Materials Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - R Anandalakshmi
- Advanced Energy & Materials Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Vibin Ramakrishnan
- Molecular Informatics and Design Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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8
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Koshti B, Kshtriya V, Naskar S, Narode H, Gour N. Controlled aggregation properties of single amino acids modified with protecting groups. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05172e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembling properties of single amino acids modified with protecting groups under controlled conditions of temperature and concentration are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Koshti
- Department of Chemistry, Indrashil University, Kadi, Mehsana, Gujarat, India
| | - Vivekshinh Kshtriya
- Department of Chemistry, Indrashil University, Kadi, Mehsana, Gujarat, India
| | - Soumick Naskar
- Department of Chemistry, Indrashil University, Kadi, Mehsana, Gujarat, India
| | - Hanuman Narode
- Department of Chemistry, Indrashil University, Kadi, Mehsana, Gujarat, India
| | - Nidhi Gour
- Department of Chemistry, Indrashil University, Kadi, Mehsana, Gujarat, India
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