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Lu Z, Pu C, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Liao Y, Kang Z, Feng X, Yue W. Oxidative Stress and Psychiatric Disorders: Evidence from the Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071386. [PMID: 35883877 PMCID: PMC9312055 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Observational studies have shown that oxidative stress is highly related to psychiatric disorders, while its cause−effect remains unclear. To this end, a Mendelian randomization study was performed to investigate the causal relationship between oxidative stress and psychiatric disorders. On the one hand, all causal effects of oxidative stress injury biomarkers (OSIB) on psychiatric disorders were not significant (p > 0.0006), while the findings suggested that part of OSIB was nominally associated with the risk of psychiatric disorders (causal OR of uric acid (UA), 0.999 for bipolar disorder (BD), and 1.002 for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); OR of catalase was 0.903 for anorexia nervosa (AN); OR of albumin was 1.162 for autism; p < 0.05). On the other hand, major depressive disorder (MDD) was significantly associated with decreased bilirubin (p = 2.67 × 10−4); ADHD was significantly associated with decreased ascorbate (p = 4.37 × 10−5). Furthermore, there were also some suggestively causal effects of psychiatric disorders on OSIB (BD on decreased UA and increased retinol; MDD on increased UA and decreased ascorbate; schizophrenia on decreased UA, increased retinol and albumin; ADHD on increased UA, and decreased catalase, albumin, and bilirubin; AN on decreased UA). This work presented evidence of potential causal relationships between oxidative stress and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Lu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (C.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chengcheng Pu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (C.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuyanan Zhang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (C.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yaoyao Sun
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (C.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yundan Liao
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (C.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhewei Kang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (C.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyang Feng
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (C.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weihua Yue
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (C.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-8280-5307
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