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Morales-Fernández L, Martínez-de-la-Casa JM, Sáenz-Francés F, Perez-García P, Borrego-Sanz L, García-Feijóo J. Detection and characterisation of visual field defects using Octopus perimetry in congenital glaucoma. ARCHIVOS DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE OFTALMOLOGIA 2024; 99:91-97. [PMID: 38043736 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2023.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To detect and characterise visual field (VF) defects using static Octopus perimetry in patients with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and to determine VF quality and time duration. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty-eight eyes of 70 patients diagnosed with PCG were included. Assessments were performed using an Octopus 900 and each eye was assessed with the tendency-oriented perimetry (G-TOP) algorithm. Quantitative VF data were collected: quality data (false positive and negative response, and time duration) and results of mean deviation (MD) and square root of loss variance (sLV). Qualitative data were collected: the presence of diffuse and localized defects, the affected hemifield and grade of defects using the Aulhorn and Karmeyer classification. Correlations between perimetric results and clinical variables were analysed. RESULTS Median age was 11 (8-17) years. 65.9% (58/88) of PCG eyes showed VF defects. Diffuse defects were observed in 10/58 eyes (16.94%) (mean MD = 23.92 [SD: 2.52]) dB) and localized defects in 48/58 eyes (82.75%). The most frequent defect was spot-like/stroke-like/incipient paracentral scotoma (n = 15), nasal step (n = 8), adding arcuate defect (n = 2), half ring-shaped (n = 13) and concentric defect with a central island (n = 9). And the most frequent affected visual hemifield was inferior hemifield. Mean test duration was 2 min 12 s (SD: 21.6 s). MD and sLV values were correlated with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), cup to disc ratio and number of antiglaucoma surgeries (all P < .001). CONCLUSION A high number of diffuse and localized defects were identified using Octopus perimetry in PCG patients. The most frequent defect was paracentral scotoma and inferior hemifield was the most affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Morales-Fernández
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Universitario Quirón, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J M Martínez-de-la-Casa
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Departamento de Oftalmología y ORL, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain; Cooperative Research Network on Age-Related Ocular Disease, and Visual and Life Quality, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Sáenz-Francés
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - P Perez-García
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - L Borrego-Sanz
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - J García-Feijóo
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Departamento de Oftalmología y ORL, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain; Cooperative Research Network on Age-Related Ocular Disease, and Visual and Life Quality, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Zhou Z, Zhu Y, Luo R, Chen K, Li X, Guo X, Yu X, Huang W, Zhuo Y. The associations of self-perception, movement competence, and clinical features of young school-aged children with glaucoma. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:885-895. [PMID: 37864600 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine the associations of self-perception, motor skills, and clinical features of young school-age children with glaucoma (CG). This is a cross-sectional observational study. Children from preschool to second grade, including CG (N = 19), children with amblyopia (CA, N = 28), and controls (N = 32), completed the Manual Dexterity and Aiming and Catching Scales of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2nd edition (MABC-2), including Manual Dexterity, Aiming and Catching, and Balance. CG, CA, and their parent completed the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children, respectively, assessing the child's cognitive competence, peer acceptance, physical competence, and maternal acceptance. The Kruskal-Wallis H test and Bonferroni post hoc test compared motor skills among groups. Spearman's correlation analysis evaluated the correlations between motor skills, self-perception, and clinical features. The CG reported lower peer acceptance than CA (P = 0.040), and the parents of CG reported lower cognitive competence than CG reported (P = 0.046). Compared with controls, CG had worse performance of Aiming and Catching, and Balance (P = 0.018 and P = 0.001), and CA had worse performance of Balance (P = 0.009). The motor skills were comparable between CG and CA. For CG, older age correlated with worse competence of Aiming and Catching (r = - 0.620, P = 0.005), better best-corrected visual acuity of better-seeing eye correlated with higher competence of Manual Dexterity and Balance (r = - 0.494, P = 0.032, and r = - 0.516, P = 0.024), and longer duration of glaucoma correlated with worse competence of Manual Dexterity (r = - 0.487, P = 0.034). CONCLUSION Glaucoma and amblyopia have significant negative impacts on children's daily motor skills. The acuity of a better-seeing eye is an important factor influencing motor movement. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, ChiCTR2100050415. WHAT IS KNOWN • The state of mental health in early childhood influences the development of their future personality and physical development. The prognosis and management of glaucoma may seriously impair the mental health development of the affected children. However, the exploration of psychological aspects and motor movement of childhood glaucoma was limited. WHAT IS NEW • Children with glaucoma have impaired motor skills and self-perception development, especially in terms of peer socialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuandi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, 54 Xianlie S Rd, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yingting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, 54 Xianlie S Rd, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ruiyu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, 54 Xianlie S Rd, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Kezhe Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, 54 Xianlie S Rd, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, 54 Xianlie S Rd, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiaoxin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, 54 Xianlie S Rd, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xinping Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, 54 Xianlie S Rd, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Wenmin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, 54 Xianlie S Rd, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Yehong Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, 54 Xianlie S Rd, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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Sarohia GS, Elsayed MEAA, Solarte CE, Hornby SJ, Brookes J, Chang TCP, Malik R. Outcome measures in childhood glaucoma: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 261:2625-2639. [PMID: 37119307 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06061-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To synthesize the outcome measures used by randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for childhood glaucoma. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus were searched from inception to February 17, 2023. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies related to childhood glaucoma were included. Primary and secondary outcomes were extracted and the data was used to generate a literature review. RESULTS This review identified 42 unique reports pertaining to childhood glaucomas. Most of the studies originated from Egypt, India, and the USA. Intraocular pressure (IOP) outcomes were the most frequent outcomes studied, followed by clinical outcomes and safety outcomes. Clinical outcomes were the most common secondary outcomes studied, followed by IOP outcomes and safety outcomes. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review found heterogenous outcomes with IOP outcomes as the most studied primary outcome. As the remaining outcomes were not consistently utilized, this review highlights the need for a consensus on studies of pediatric glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurkaran S Sarohia
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alberta, 400, 10924, 107 Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T5H 0X5, Canada
| | | | - Carlos Eduardo Solarte
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alberta, 400, 10924, 107 Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T5H 0X5, Canada.
| | - Stella J Hornby
- Oxford Eye Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - John Brookes
- Glaucoma Department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Rizwan Malik
- Department of Surgery, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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