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Divilov K, Merz N, Schoolfield B, Green TJ, Langdon C. Genome-wide allele frequency studies in Pacific oyster families identify candidate genes for tolerance to ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1). BMC Genomics 2023; 24:631. [PMID: 37872508 PMCID: PMC10594793 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09744-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Host genetics influences the development of infectious diseases in many agricultural animal species. Identifying genes associated with disease development has the potential to make selective breeding for disease tolerance more likely to succeed through the selection of different genes in diverse signaling pathways. In this study, four families of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were identified to be segregating for a quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 8. This QTL was previously found to be associated with basal antiviral gene expression and survival to ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) mortality events in Tomales Bay, California. Individuals from these four families were phenotyped and genotyped in an attempt to find candidate genes associated with the QTL on chromosome 8. RESULTS Genome-wide allele frequencies of oysters from each family prior to being planting in Tomales Bay were compared with the allele frequencies of oysters from respective families that survived an OsHV-1 mortality event. Six significant unique QTL were identified in two families in these genome-wide allele frequency studies, all of which were located on chromosome 8. Three QTL were assigned to candidate genes (ABCA1, PIK3R1, and WBP2) that have been previously associated with antiviral innate immunity in vertebrates. CONCLUSION The identification of vertebrate antiviral innate immunity genes as candidate genes involved in molluscan antiviral innate immunity reinforces the similarities between the innate immune systems of these two groups. Causal variant identification in these candidate genes will enable future functional studies of these genes in an effort to better understand their antiviral modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Divilov
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR, 97365, USA.
| | - Noah Merz
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR, 97365, USA
| | - Blaine Schoolfield
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR, 97365, USA
| | - Timothy J Green
- Centre for Shellfish Research, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, BC, V9R 5S5, Canada
| | - Chris Langdon
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR, 97365, USA
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2
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Kolb AW, Ferguson SA, Larsen IV, Brandt CR. Disease parameters following ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 infection are similar in male and female BALB/C mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287194. [PMID: 37319284 PMCID: PMC10270577 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex related differences in the incidence or severity of infection have been described for multiple viruses. With herpes simplex viruses, the best example is HSV-2 genital infection where women have a higher incidence of infection and can have more severe infections than men. HSV-1 causes several types of infections including skin and mucosal ulcers, keratitis, and encephalitis in humans that do not appear to have a strong biological sex component. Given that mouse strains differ in their MHC loci it is important to determine if sex differences occur in multiple strains of mice. Our goal was to answer two questions: Are virus related sex differences present in BALB/C mice and does virulence of the viral strain have an effect? We generated a panel of recombinant HSV-1 viruses with differing virulence phenotypes and characterized multiple clinical correlates of ocular infection in BALB/c mice. We found no sex-specific differences in blepharitis, corneal clouding, neurovirulence, and viral titers in eye washes. Sex differences in neovascularization, weight loss and eyewash titers were observed for some recombinants, but these were not consistent across the phenotypes tested for any recombinant virus. Considering these findings, we conclude that there are no significant sex specific ocular pathologies in the parameters measured, regardless of the virulence phenotype following ocular infection in BALB/c mice, suggesting that the use of both sexes is not necessary for the bulk of ocular infection studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron W. Kolb
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Sarah A. Ferguson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Inna V. Larsen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Curtis R. Brandt
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
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3
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Palmer WH, Norman PJ. The impact of HLA polymorphism on herpesvirus infection and disease. Immunogenetics 2023; 75:231-247. [PMID: 36595060 PMCID: PMC10205880 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-022-01288-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) are cell surface molecules, central in coordinating innate and adaptive immune responses, that are targets of strong diversifying natural selection by pathogens. Of these pathogens, human herpesviruses have a uniquely ancient relationship with our species, where coevolution likely has reciprocating impact on HLA and viral genomic diversity. Consistent with this notion, genetic variation at multiple HLA loci is strongly associated with modulating immunity to herpesvirus infection. Here, we synthesize published genetic associations of HLA with herpesvirus infection and disease, both from case/control and genome-wide association studies. We analyze genetic associations across the eight human herpesviruses and identify HLA alleles that are associated with diverse herpesvirus-related phenotypes. We find that whereas most HLA genetic associations are virus- or disease-specific, HLA-A*01 and HLA-A*02 allotypes may be more generally associated with immune susceptibility and control, respectively, across multiple herpesviruses. Connecting genetic association data with functional corroboration, we discuss mechanisms by which diverse HLA and cognate receptor allotypes direct variable immune responses during herpesvirus infection and pathogenesis. Together, this review examines the complexity of HLA-herpesvirus interactions driven by differential T cell and Natural Killer cell immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H. Palmer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO USA
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Paul J. Norman
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO USA
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO USA
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4
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Gelemanović A, Ćatipović Ardalić T, Pribisalić A, Hayward C, Kolčić I, Polašek O. Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis Identifies Multiple Novel Rare Variants to Predict Common Human Infectious Diseases Risk. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7006. [PMID: 37108169 PMCID: PMC10138356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases still threaten global human health, and host genetic factors have been indicated as determining risk factors for observed variations in disease susceptibility, severity, and outcome. We performed a genome-wide meta-analysis on 4624 subjects from the 10,001 Dalmatians cohort, with 14 infection-related traits. Despite a rather small number of cases in some instances, we detected 29 infection-related genetic associations, mostly belonging to rare variants. Notably, the list included the genes CD28, INPP5D, ITPKB, MACROD2, and RSF1, all of which have known roles in the immune response. Expanding our knowledge on rare variants could contribute to the development of genetic panels that could assist in predicting an individual's life-long susceptibility to major infectious diseases. In addition, longitudinal biobanks are an interesting source of information for identifying the host genetic variants involved in infectious disease susceptibility and severity. Since infectious diseases continue to act as a selective pressure on our genomes, there is a constant need for a large consortium of biobanks with access to genetic and environmental data to further elucidate the complex mechanisms behind host-pathogen interactions and infectious disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gelemanović
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | | | - Ajka Pribisalić
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Ivana Kolčić
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of General Courses, Algebra University College, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of General Courses, Algebra University College, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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5
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Maurya R, Kanakan A, Vasudevan JS, Chattopadhyay P, Pandey R. Infection outcome needs two to tango: human host and the pathogen. Brief Funct Genomics 2021; 21:90-102. [PMID: 34402498 PMCID: PMC8385967 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elab037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are potential drivers for human evolution, through a complex, continuous and dynamic interaction between the host and the pathogen/s. It is this dynamic interaction that contributes toward the clinical outcome of a pathogenic disease. These are modulated by contributions from the human genetic variants, transcriptional response (including noncoding RNA) and the pathogen’s genome architecture. Modern genomic tools and techniques have been crucial for the detection and genomic characterization of pathogens with respect to the emerging infectious diseases. Aided by next-generation sequencing (NGS), risk stratification of host population/s allows for the identification of susceptible subgroups and better disease management. Nevertheless, many challenges to a general understanding of host–pathogen interactions remain. In this review, we elucidate how a better understanding of the human host-pathogen interplay can substantially enhance, and in turn benefit from, current and future applications of multi-omics based approaches in infectious and rare diseases. This includes the RNA-level response, which modulates the disease severity and outcome. The need to understand the role of human genetic variants in disease severity and clinical outcome has been further highlighted during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This would enhance and contribute toward our future pandemic preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet Maurya
- INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi-110007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Akshay Kanakan
- INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Janani Srinivasa Vasudevan
- INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Partha Chattopadhyay
- INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi-110007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Rajesh Pandey
- INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi-110007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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6
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DuRaine G, Johnson DC. Anterograde transport of α-herpesviruses in neuronal axons. Virology 2021; 559:65-73. [PMID: 33836340 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
α-herpesviruses have been very successful, principally because they establish lifelong latency in sensory ganglia. An essential piece of the lifecycle of α-herpesviruses involves the capacity to travel from sensory neurons to epithelial tissues following virus reactivation from latency, a process known as anterograde transport. Virus particles formed in neuron cell bodies hitchhike on kinesin motors that run along microtubules, the length of axons. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and pseudorabies virus (PRV) have been intensely studied to elucidate anterograde axonal transport. Both viruses use similar strategies for anterograde transport, although there are significant differences in the form of virus particles transported in axons, the identity of the kinesins that transport viruses, and how certain viral membrane proteins, gE/gI and US9, participate in this process. This review compares the older models for HSV and PRV anterograde transport with recent results, which are casting a new light on several aspects of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grayson DuRaine
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - David C Johnson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
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7
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Sergeyev OV, Bosh'ian RE, Barinsky IF. [RETRACTED: High-throughput sequencing in diagnostics and prevention of herpes simplex virus infection (Herpesviridae, Alphaherpesvirinae, Simplexvirus, Human alphaherpesvirus 1)]. Vopr Virusol 2020; 65:126-131. [PMID: 33533214 DOI: 10.36233/0507-4088-2020-65-3-126-131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RETRACTEDHerpes simplex viruses types 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2) are among the most common viruses in the human population. The clinical manifestations of HSV infection vary widely, which necessitates reliable molecular methods for the timely diagnosis of herpes virus infection, as well as for detection of mutations in the genes responsible for drug resistance. PCR is often unable to detect HSV isolates with nucleotide substitutions at the primer binding site. Sanger sequencing of the whole genome reveals mutations mainly at the consensus level, which accumulate at advanced stages of viral infection. High-throughput sequencing (HTS, next generation sequencing) offers an obvious advantage both in early diagnosis of herpes virus infection and identification of HSV variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Sergeyev
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - R E Bosh'ian
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - I F Barinsky
- National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after the honorary academician N.F. Gamaleya
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8
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Brodszki N, Frazer-Abel A, Grumach AS, Kirschfink M, Litzman J, Perez E, Seppänen MRJ, Sullivan KE, Jolles S. European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) and European Reference Network on Rare Primary Immunodeficiency, Autoinflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases (ERN RITA) Complement Guideline: Deficiencies, Diagnosis, and Management. J Clin Immunol 2020; 40:576-591. [PMID: 32064578 PMCID: PMC7253377 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-020-00754-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This guideline aims to describe the complement system and the functions of the constituent pathways, with particular focus on primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) and their diagnosis and management. The complement system is a crucial part of the innate immune system, with multiple membrane-bound and soluble components. There are three distinct enzymatic cascade pathways within the complement system, the classical, alternative and lectin pathways, which converge with the cleavage of central C3. Complement deficiencies account for ~5% of PIDs. The clinical consequences of inherited defects in the complement system are protean and include increased susceptibility to infection, autoimmune diseases (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus), age-related macular degeneration, renal disorders (e.g., atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome) and angioedema. Modern complement analysis allows an in-depth insight into the functional and molecular basis of nearly all complement deficiencies. However, therapeutic options remain relatively limited for the majority of complement deficiencies with the exception of hereditary angioedema and inhibition of an overactivated complement system in regulation defects. Current management strategies for complement disorders associated with infection include education, family testing, vaccinations, antibiotics and emergency planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Brodszki
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ashley Frazer-Abel
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Anete S Grumach
- Clinical Immunology, Reference Center on Rare Diseases, University Center Health ABC, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Jiri Litzman
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, St Anne's University Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Elena Perez
- Allergy Associates of the Palm Beaches, North Palm Beach, FL, USA
| | - Mikko R J Seppänen
- Rare Disease Center, Children's Hospital, and Adult Primary Immunodeficiency Outpatient Clinic, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stephen Jolles
- Immunodeficiency Centre for Wales, Cardiff University & University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
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9
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Persistent Infection with Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and Alzheimer's Disease-A Call to Study How Variability in Both Virus and Host may Impact Disease. Viruses 2019; 11:v11100966. [PMID: 31635156 PMCID: PMC6833100 DOI: 10.3390/v11100966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing attention has focused on the contributions of persistent microbial infections with the manifestation of disease later in life, including neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Current data has shown the presence of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) in regions of the brain that are impacted by AD in elderly individuals. Additionally, neuronal infection with HSV-1 triggers the accumulation of amyloid beta deposits and hyperphosphorylated tau, and results in oxidative stress and synaptic dysfunction. All of these factors are implicated in the development of AD. These data highlight the fact that persistent viral infection is likely a contributing factor, rather than a sole cause of disease. Details of the correlations between HSV-1 infection and AD development are still just beginning to emerge. Future research should investigate the relative impacts of virus strain- and host-specific factors on the induction of neurodegenerative processes over time, using models such as infected neurons in vitro, and animal models in vivo, to begin to understand their relationship with cognitive dysfunction.
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10
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Coulon PG, Dhanushkodi N, Prakash S, Srivastava R, Roy S, Alomari NI, Nguyen AM, Warsi WR, Ye C, Carlos-Cruz EA, Mai UT, Cruel AC, Ekmekciyan KM, Pearlman E, BenMohamed L. NLRP3, NLRP12, and IFI16 Inflammasomes Induction and Caspase-1 Activation Triggered by Virulent HSV-1 Strains Are Associated With Severe Corneal Inflammatory Herpetic Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1631. [PMID: 31367214 PMCID: PMC6644090 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The crosstalk between the host's inflammasome system and the invading virulent/less-virulent viruses determines the outcome of the ensuing inflammatory response. An appropriate activation of inflammasomes triggers antiviral inflammatory responses that clear the virus and heal the inflamed tissue. However, an aberrant activation of inflammasomes can result in a harmful and overwhelming inflammation that could damage the infected tissue. The underlying host's immune mechanisms and the viral virulent factors that impact severe clinical inflammatory disease remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we used herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), the causative agent of corneal inflammatory herpetic disease, as a model pathogen to determine: (i) Whether and how the virulence of a virus affects the type and the activation level of the inflammasomes; and (ii) How triggering specific inflammasomes translates into protective or damaging inflammatory response. We showed that, in contrast to the less-virulent HSV-1 strains (RE, F, KOS, and KOS63), corneal infection of B6 mice with the virulent HSV-1 strains (McKrae, 17 or KOS79): (i) Induced simultaneous expression of the NLRP3, NLRP12, and IFI16 inflammasomes; (ii) Increased production of the biologically active Caspase-1 and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18; (iii) Heightened recruitment into the inflamed cornea of CD45highLy6C+Ly6G-F4/80+CD11b+CD11c- inflammatory monocytes and CD45highCD11b+F4/80-Ly6GhiLy6Cmed neutrophils; and (iv) This intensified inflammatory response was associated with a severe corneal herpetic disease, irrespective of the level of virus replication in the cornea. Similarly, in vitro infection of human corneal epithelial cells and human monocytic THP-1 cells with the virulent HSV-1 strains triggered a synchronized early expression of NLRP3, NLRP12 and IFI16, 2 h post-infection, associated with formation of single and dense specks of the adapter molecule ASC in HSV(+) cells, but not in the neighboring bystander HSV(-) cells. This was associated with increased cleavages of Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18. These findings suggest a previously unappreciated role of viral virulence in a synchronized early induction of the NLRP3, NLRP12, and IFI16 inflammasomes that lead to a damaging inflammatory response. A potential role of common virus virulent factors that stimulate this harmful inflammatory corneal disease is currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Gregoire Coulon
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Nisha Dhanushkodi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Swayam Prakash
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Ruchi Srivastava
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Soumyabrata Roy
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Nuha I. Alomari
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Angela M. Nguyen
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Wasay R. Warsi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Caitlin Ye
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Edgar A. Carlos-Cruz
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Uyen T. Mai
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Audrey C. Cruel
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Keysi M. Ekmekciyan
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Eric Pearlman
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Lbachir BenMohamed
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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11
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Pandey U, Szpara ML. Herpes Simplex Virus Disease Management and Diagnostics in the Era of High-Throughput Sequencing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 41:41-48. [PMID: 34305220 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) serotypes 1 and 2 are among the most widespread human viruses. HSV disease has a complex phenotype, with symptoms that can range from mild lesions to encephalitis. In the clinical setting, this diversity of outcomes poses a major challenge, making timely disease diagnosis and treatment challenging. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) has been one of the breakthrough technologies in the modern era of molecular biology, and it is revolutionizing the study of pathogen biology and clinical diagnostics. Here, we review recent studies that have used HTS to answer questions related to the evolution of drug resistance, transmission and spread, virulence marker identification, and the design of better antiviral therapeutics for HSV. We also highlight practical considerations for handling computational analysis of HSV genomes and adoption of HTS as a routine diagnostic procedure in the clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utsav Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Moriah L Szpara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
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