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Zhang W, Zhang P, Sun W, Xu J, Liao L, Cao Y, Han Y. Improving plant miRNA-target prediction with self-supervised k-mer embedding and spectral graph convolutional neural network. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17396. [PMID: 38799058 PMCID: PMC11122044 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Deciphering the targets of microRNAs (miRNAs) in plants is crucial for comprehending their function and the variation in phenotype that they cause. As the highly cell-specific nature of miRNA regulation, recent computational approaches usually utilize expression data to identify the most physiologically relevant targets. Although these methods are effective, they typically require a large sample size and high-depth sequencing to detect potential miRNA-target pairs, thereby limiting their applicability in improving plant breeding. In this study, we propose a novel miRNA-target prediction framework named kmerPMTF (k-mer-based prediction framework for plant miRNA-target). Our framework effectively extracts the latent semantic embeddings of sequences by utilizing k-mer splitting and a deep self-supervised neural network. We construct multiple similarity networks based on k-mer embeddings and employ graph convolutional networks to derive deep representations of miRNAs and targets and calculate the probabilities of potential associations. We evaluated the performance of kmerPMTF on four typical plant datasets: Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Solanum lycopersicum, and Prunus persica. The results demonstrate its ability to achieve AUPRC values of 84.9%, 91.0%, 80.1%, and 82.1% in 5-fold cross-validation, respectively. Compared with several state-of-the-art existing methods, our framework achieves better performance on threshold-independent evaluation metrics. Overall, our study provides an efficient and simplified methodology for identifying plant miRNA-target associations, which will contribute to a deeper comprehension of miRNA regulatory mechanisms in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Sino-African Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Weicheng Sun
- College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jinsheng Xu
- College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Liao Liao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Sino-African Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yunpeng Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Sino-African Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yuepeng Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Sino-African Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Dong J, Yi X, Wang X, Li M, Chen X, Gao S, Fu W, Qian S, Zeng X, Yun Y. Population Variation and Phylogeography of Cherry Blossom ( Prunus conradinae) in China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:974. [PMID: 38611504 PMCID: PMC11013036 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Prunus conradinae (subgenus Cerasus, Rosaceae) is a significant germplasm resource of wild cherry blossom in China. To ensure the comprehensiveness of this study, we used a large sample size (12 populations comprising 244 individuals) which involved the fresh leaves of P. conradinae in Eastern, Central, and Southwestern China. We combined morphological and molecular evidence (three chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequences and one nuclear DNA (nr DNA) sequence) to examine the population of P. conradinae variation and differentiation. Our results revealed that Central, East, and Southwest China are important regions for the conservation of P. conradinae to ensure adequate germplasm resources in the future. We also found support for a new variant, P. conradinae var. rubrum. We observed high genetic diversity within P. conradinae (haplotype diversity [Hd] = 0.830; ribotype diversity [Rd] = 0.798), with novel genetic variation and a distinct genealogical structure among populations. There was genetic variation among populations and phylogeographic structure among populations and three geographical groups (Central, East, and Southwest China). The genetic differentiation coefficient was the lowest in the Southwest region and the gene exchange was obvious, while the differentiation was obvious in Central China. In the three geographic groups, we identified two distinct lineages: an East China lineage (Central China and East China) and a Southwest China lineage ((Central China and Southwest China) and East China). These two lineages originated approximately 4.38 million years ago (Mya) in the early Pliocene due to geographic isolation. P. conradinae expanded from Central China to East China at 3.32 Mya (95% HPD: 1.12-5.17 Mya) in the Pliocene. The population of P. conradinae spread from East China to Southwest China, and the differentiation time was 2.17 Mya (95% (HPD: 0.47-4.54 Mya), suggesting that the population of P. conradinae differentiated first in Central and East China. The population of P. conradinae experienced differentiation from Central China to Southwest China around 1.10 Mya (95% HPD: 0.11-2.85 Mya) during the early Pleistocene of the Quaternary period. The southeastern region of East China, near Mount Wuyi, likely serves as a refuge for P. conradinae. This study establishes a theoretical foundation for the classification, identification, conservation, and exploitation of germplasm resources of P. conradinae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Dong
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (J.D.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.G.); (W.F.); (S.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Cerasus Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiangui Yi
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (J.D.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.G.); (W.F.); (S.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Cerasus Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xianrong Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (J.D.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.G.); (W.F.); (S.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Cerasus Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Meng Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (J.D.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.G.); (W.F.); (S.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Cerasus Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiangzhen Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (J.D.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.G.); (W.F.); (S.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Cerasus Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shucheng Gao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (J.D.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.G.); (W.F.); (S.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Cerasus Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenyi Fu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (J.D.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.G.); (W.F.); (S.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Cerasus Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Siyu Qian
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (J.D.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.G.); (W.F.); (S.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Cerasus Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xinglin Zeng
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (J.D.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.G.); (W.F.); (S.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Cerasus Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yingke Yun
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (J.D.); (M.L.); (X.C.); (S.G.); (W.F.); (S.Q.); (X.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Cerasus Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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de los Cobos FP, García-Gómez BE, Orduña-Rubio L, Batlle I, Arús P, Matus JT, Eduardo I. Exploring large-scale gene coexpression networks in peach ( Prunus persica L.): a new tool for predicting gene function. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhad294. [PMID: 38487296 PMCID: PMC10939413 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Peach is a model for Prunus genetics and genomics, however, identifying and validating genes associated to peach breeding traits is a complex task. A gene coexpression network (GCN) capable of capturing stable gene-gene relationships would help researchers overcome the intrinsic limitations of peach genetics and genomics approaches and outline future research opportunities. In this study, we created four GCNs from 604 Illumina RNA-Seq libraries. We evaluated the performance of every GCN in predicting functional annotations using an algorithm based on the 'guilty-by-association' principle. The GCN with the best performance was COO300, encompassing 21 956 genes. To validate its performance predicting gene function, we performed two case studies. In case study 1, we used two genes involved in fruit flesh softening: the endopolygalacturonases PpPG21 and PpPG22. Genes coexpressing with both genes were extracted and referred to as melting flesh (MF) network. Finally, we performed an enrichment analysis of MF network and compared the results with the current knowledge regarding peach fruit softening. The MF network mostly included genes involved in cell wall expansion and remodeling, and with expressions triggered by ripening-related phytohormones, such as ethylene, auxin, and methyl jasmonate. In case study 2, we explored potential targets of the anthocyanin regulator PpMYB10.1 by comparing its gene-centered coexpression network with that of its grapevine orthologues, identifying a common regulatory network. These results validated COO300 as a powerful tool for peach and Prunus research. This network, renamed as PeachGCN v1.0, and the scripts required to perform a function prediction analysis are available at https://github.com/felipecobos/PeachGCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Pérez de los Cobos
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA) , Mas Bové, Ctra. Reus-El Morell Km 3,8 43120 Constantí Tarragona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz E García-Gómez
- Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Orduña-Rubio
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, Paterna, 46908, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ignasi Batlle
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA) , Mas Bové, Ctra. Reus-El Morell Km 3,8 43120 Constantí Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pere Arús
- Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Tomás Matus
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de Valencia-CSIC, Paterna, 46908, Valencia, Spain
| | - Iban Eduardo
- Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Švara A, Sun H, Fei Z, Khan A. Chromosome-level phased genome assembly of "Antonovka" identified candidate apple scab-resistance genes highly homologous to HcrVf2 and HcrVf1 on linkage group 1. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2023; 14:jkad253. [PMID: 37936323 PMCID: PMC10755186 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Apple scab, a fungal disease caused by Venturia inaequalis, leads to losses in both yield and fruit quality of apples (Malus domestica Borkh.). Most commercial apple cultivars, including those containing the well-characterized Rvi6-scab-resistance locus on linkage group (LG) 1, are susceptible to scab. HcrVf2 and HcrVf1 are considered the main paralogs of the Rvi6 locus. The major apple scab-resistance loci Vhc1 in "Honeycrisp" and Rvi17 in "Antonovka," were identified in close proximity to HcrVf2. In this study, we used long-read sequencing and in silico gene sequence characterization to identify candidate resistance genes homologous to HcrVf2 and HcrVf1 in Honeycrisp and Antonovka. Previously published chromosome-scale phased assembly of Honeycrisp and a newly assembled phased genome of Antonovka 172670-B were used to identify HcrVf2 and HcrVf1 homologs spanning Vhc1 and Rvi17 loci. In combination with 8 available Malus assemblies, 43 and 46 DNA sequences highly homologous to HcrVf2 and HcrVf1, respectively, were identified on LG 1 and 6, with identity and coverage ranging between 87-95 and 81-95%, respectively. Among these homologs, 2 candidate genes in Antonovka and Honeycrisp haplome A are located in close physical proximity to the scab-resistance marker Ch-Vf1 on LG 1. They showed the highest identity and coverage (95%) of HcrVf2 and only minor changes in the protein motifs. They were identical by state between each other, but not with HcrVf2. This study offers novel genomic resources and insights into the Vhc1 and Rvi17 loci on LG 1 and identifies candidate genes for further resistance characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anže Švara
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
| | - Honghe Sun
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- USDA-ARS Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Awais Khan
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
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Goeckeritz CZ, Rhoades KE, Childs KL, Iezzoni AF, VanBuren R, Hollender CA. Genome of tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) 'Montmorency' identifies three distinct ancestral Prunus genomes. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad097. [PMID: 37426879 PMCID: PMC10323630 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) is a valuable fruit crop in the Rosaceae family and a hybrid between progenitors closely related to extant Prunus fruticosa (ground cherry) and Prunus avium (sweet cherry). Here we report a chromosome-scale genome assembly for sour cherry cultivar Montmorency, the predominant cultivar grown in the USA. We also generated a draft assembly of P. fruticosa to use alongside a published P. avium sequence for syntelog-based subgenome assignments for 'Montmorency' and provide compelling evidence P. fruticosa is also an allotetraploid. Using hierarchal k-mer clustering and phylogenomics, we show 'Montmorency' is trigenomic, containing two distinct subgenomes inherited from a P. fruticosa-like ancestor (A and A') and two copies of the same subgenome inherited from a P. avium-like ancestor (BB). The genome composition of 'Montmorency' is AA'BB and little-to-no recombination has occurred between progenitor subgenomes (A/A' and B). In Prunus, two known classes of genes are important to breeding strategies: the self-incompatibility loci (S-alleles), which determine compatible crosses, successful fertilization, and fruit set, and the Dormancy Associated MADS-box genes (DAMs), which strongly affect dormancy transitions and flowering time. The S-alleles and DAMs in 'Montmorency' and P. fruticosa were manually annotated and support subgenome assignments. Lastly, the hybridization event 'Montmorency' is descended from was estimated to have occurred less than 1.61 million years ago, making sour cherry a relatively recent allotetraploid. The 'Montmorency' genome highlights the evolutionary complexity of the genus Prunus and will inform future breeding strategies for sour cherry, comparative genomics in the Rosaceae, and questions regarding neopolyploidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charity Z Goeckeritz
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Kathleen E Rhoades
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Kevin L Childs
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Amy F Iezzoni
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Robert VanBuren
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Courtney A Hollender
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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De Mori G, Cipriani G. Marker-Assisted Selection in Breeding for Fruit Trait Improvement: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108984. [PMID: 37240329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Breeding fruit species is time-consuming and expensive. With few exceptions, trees are likely the worst species to work with in terms of genetics and breeding. Most are characterized by large trees, long juvenile periods, and intensive agricultural practice, and environmental variability plays an important role in the heritability evaluations of every single important trait. Although vegetative propagation allows for the production of a significant number of clonal replicates for the evaluation of environmental effects and genotype × environment interactions, the spaces required for plant cultivation and the intensity of work necessary for phenotypic surveys slow down the work of researchers. Fruit breeders are very often interested in fruit traits: size, weight, sugar and acid content, ripening time, fruit storability, and post-harvest practices, among other traits relevant to each individual species. The translation of trait loci and whole-genome sequences into diagnostic genetic markers that are effective and affordable for use by breeders, who must choose genetically superior parents and subsequently choose genetically superior individuals among their progeny, is one of the most difficult tasks still facing tree fruit geneticists. The availability of updated sequencing techniques and powerful software tools offered the opportunity to mine tens of fruit genomes to find out sequence variants potentially useful as molecular markers. This review is devoted to analysing what has been the role of molecular markers in assisting breeders in selection processes, with an emphasis on the fruit traits of the most important fruit crops for which examples of trustworthy molecular markers have been developed, such as the MDo.chr9.4 marker for red skin colour in apples, the CCD4-based marker CPRFC1, and LG3_13.146 marker for flesh colour in peaches, papayas, and cherries, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria De Mori
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Guido Cipriani
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
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Schaller A, Vanderzande S, Peace C. Deducing genotypes for loci of interest from SNP array data via haplotype sharing, demonstrated for apple and cherry. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0272888. [PMID: 36749762 PMCID: PMC9904487 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breeders, collection curators, and other germplasm users require genetic information, both genome-wide and locus-specific, to effectively manage their genetically diverse plant material. SNP arrays have become the preferred platform to provide genome-wide genetic profiles for elite germplasm and could also provide locus-specific genotypic information. However, genotypic information for loci of interest such as those within PCR-based DNA fingerprinting panels and trait-predictive DNA tests is not readily extracted from SNP array data, thus creating a disconnect between historic and new data sets. This study aimed to establish a method for deducing genotypes at loci of interest from their associated SNP haplotypes, demonstrated for two fruit crops and three locus types: quantitative trait loci Ma and Ma3 for acidity in apple, apple fingerprinting microsatellite marker GD12, and Mendelian trait locus Rf for sweet cherry fruit color. Using phased data from an apple 8K SNP array and sweet cherry 6K SNP array, unique haplotypes spanning each target locus were associated with alleles of important breeding parents. These haplotypes were compared via identity-by-descent (IBD) or identity-by-state (IBS) to haplotypes present in germplasm important to U.S. apple and cherry breeding programs to deduce target locus alleles in this germplasm. While IBD segments were confidently tracked through pedigrees, confidence in allele identity among IBS segments used a shared length threshold. At least one allele per locus was deduced for 64-93% of the 181 individuals. Successful validation compared deduced Rf and GD12 genotypes with reported and newly obtained genotypes. Our approach can efficiently merge and expand genotypic data sets, deducing missing data and identifying errors, and is appropriate for any crop with SNP array data and historic genotypic data sets, especially where linkage disequilibrium is high. Locus-specific genotypic information extracted from genome-wide SNP data is expected to enhance confidence in management of genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Schaller
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States of America
| | - Stijn Vanderzande
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States of America
| | - Cameron Peace
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ppe.CR.1 DNA test for predicting chilling requirement in peach. Sci Rep 2023; 13:987. [PMID: 36653395 PMCID: PMC9849201 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27475-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chilling requirement (CR) is an important agronomic trait controlling the floral bud break for proper flowering in peach. Even though it has been widely researched and several peach CR quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been identified, no diagnostic DNA tests validated in the U.S. peach breeding germplasm are available for this trait. Breeders and growers need a simple DNA test to predict the CR of peach cultivars for their particular environment. Therefore, we developed a quick and reliable Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) DNA test using haplotype information from 9K IPSC genotype data of the U.S. peach germplasm integrating four CR-associated SNP markers from the previously reported CR QTL region on linkage group 1. Four KASP assays (Ppe.CR.1-1 to -4) were developed and validated on 77 peach cultivars, and nine accessions from two F2 populations, with 96 and 74% accuracy in determining expected CR genotype (compared to SNP array) and predicting phenotype, respectively. Furthermore, the Ppe.CR.1 showed 80% accuracy in predicting the precise CR phenotype in the Clemson University peach breeding material. Only one Ppe.CR.1 KASP assay (Ppe.CR.1-1) is needed to distinguish between haplotypes with CR lower and higher than 800 chilling hours, and two Ppe.CR.1 assays (Pp.CR.1-1 and -4), are capable of distinguishing low, moderate, and high CR alleles. Coupled with the crude DNA extraction, the Ppe.CR.1 DNA test provides a low-cost option for breeders and growers to predict CR in peach material with more than 70% accuracy.
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Zaracho N, Reig G, Kalluri N, Arús P, Eduardo I. Inheritance of Fruit Red-Flesh Patterns in Peach. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12020394. [PMID: 36679108 PMCID: PMC9862646 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Fruit color is an important trait in peach from the point of view of consumer preference, nutritional content, and diversification of fruit typologies. Several genes and phenotypes have been described for peach flesh and skin color, and although peach color knowledge has increased in the last few years, some fruit color patterns observed in peach breeding programs have not been carefully described. In this work, we first describe some peach mesocarp color patterns that have not yet been described in a collection of commercial peach cultivars, and we also study the genetic inheritance of the red dots present in the flesh (RDF) and red color around the stone (CAS) in several intra- and interspecific segregating populations for both traits. For RDF, we identified a QTL at the beginning of G5 in two intraspecific populations, and for CAS we identified a major QTL in G4 in both an intraspecific and an interspecific population between almond and peach. Finally, we discuss the interaction between these QTLs and some other genes previously identified in peach, such as dominant blood flesh (DBF), color around the stone (Cs), subacid (D) and the maturity date (MD), and the implications for peach breeding. The results obtained here will help peach germplasm curators and breeders to better characterize their plant materials and to develop an integrated system of molecular markers to select these traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Zaracho
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Reig
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaria (IRTA) Fruitcentre, Programa Fructicultura, PCiTAL, Parc Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Spain
| | - Naveen Kalluri
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Arús
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaria (IRTA), Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iban Eduardo
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaria (IRTA), Campus UAB, Edifici CRAG, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Nerva L, Dalla Costa L, Ciacciulli A, Sabbadini S, Pavese V, Dondini L, Vendramin E, Caboni E, Perrone I, Moglia A, Zenoni S, Michelotti V, Micali S, La Malfa S, Gentile A, Tartarini S, Mezzetti B, Botta R, Verde I, Velasco R, Malnoy MA, Licciardello C. The Role of Italy in the Use of Advanced Plant Genomic Techniques on Fruit Trees: State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020977. [PMID: 36674493 PMCID: PMC9861864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change is deeply impacting the food chain production, lowering quality and yield. In this context, the international scientific community has dedicated many efforts to enhancing resilience and sustainability in agriculture. Italy is among the main European producers of several fruit trees; therefore, national research centers and universities undertook several initiatives to maintain the specificity of the 'Made in Italy' label. Despite their importance, fruit crops are suffering from difficulties associated with the conventional breeding approaches, especially in terms of financial commitment, land resources availability, and long generation times. The 'new genomic techniques' (NGTs), renamed in Italy as 'technologies for assisted evolution' (TEAs), reduce the time required to obtain genetically improved cultivars while precisely targeting specific DNA sequences. This review aims to illustrate the role of the Italian scientific community in the use of NGTs, with a specific focus on Citrus, grapevine, apple, pear, chestnut, strawberry, peach, and kiwifruit. For each crop, the key genes and traits on which the scientific community is working, as well as the technological improvements and advancements on the regeneration of local varieties, are presented. Lastly, a focus is placed on the legal aspects in the European and in Italian contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Nerva
- Research Center for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 31015 Conegliano, Italy
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Lorenza Dalla Costa
- Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Angelo Ciacciulli
- Research Center for Olive Fruit and Citrus Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 95024 Acireale, Italy
| | - Silvia Sabbadini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Vera Pavese
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Dondini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Vendramin
- Research Center for Olive Fruit and Citrus Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 00134 Rome, Italy
| | - Emilia Caboni
- Research Center for Olive Fruit and Citrus Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 00134 Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Perrone
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Moglia
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Zenoni
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Vania Michelotti
- Research Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 29017 Fiorenzuola D’Arda, Italy
| | - Sabrina Micali
- Research Center for Olive Fruit and Citrus Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 00134 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano La Malfa
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gentile
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Stefano Tartarini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Bruno Mezzetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberto Botta
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Torino, Italy
| | - Ignazio Verde
- Research Center for Olive Fruit and Citrus Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 00134 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Velasco
- Research Center for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 31015 Conegliano, Italy
| | - Mickael Arnaud Malnoy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (C.L.); Tel.: +39-04-6161-5536 (M.A.M.); +39-09-5765-3104 (C.L.)
| | - Concetta Licciardello
- Research Center for Olive Fruit and Citrus Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 95024 Acireale, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (C.L.); Tel.: +39-04-6161-5536 (M.A.M.); +39-09-5765-3104 (C.L.)
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11
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Khan A, Korban SS. Breeding and genetics of disease resistance in temperate fruit trees: challenges and new opportunities. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:3961-3985. [PMID: 35441862 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04093-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Climate change, large monocultures of disease-susceptible cultivars, overuse of pesticides, and the emergence of new pathogens or pathogenic strains causing economic losses are all major threats to our environment, health, food, and nutritional supply. Temperate tree fruit crops belonging to the Rosaceae family are the most economically important and widely grown fruit crops. These long-lived crops are under attack from many different pathogens, incurring major economic losses. Multiple chemical sprays to control various diseases annually is a common practice, resulting in significant input costs, as well as environmental and health concerns. Breeding for disease resistance has been undertaken primarily in pome fruit crops (apples and pears) for a few fungal and bacterial diseases, and to a lesser extent in some stone fruit crops. These breeding efforts have taken multiple decades due to the biological constraints and complex genetics of these tree fruit crops. Over the past couple of decades, major advances have been made in genetic and physical mapping, genomics, biotechnology, genome sequencing, and phenomics, along with accumulation of large germplasm collections in repositories. These valuable resources offer opportunities to make significant advances in greatly reducing the time needed to either develop new cultivars or modify existing economic cultivars for enhanced resistance to multiple diseases. This review will cover current knowledge, challenges, and opportunities in breeding for disease resistance in temperate tree fruit crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais Khan
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, 14456, USA.
| | - Schuyler S Korban
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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12
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Hardner CM, Fikere M, Gasic K, da Silva Linge C, Worthington M, Byrne D, Rawandoozi Z, Peace C. Multi-environment genomic prediction for soluble solids content in peach ( Prunus persica). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:960449. [PMID: 36275520 PMCID: PMC9583944 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.960449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Genotype-by-environment interaction (G × E) is a common phenomenon influencing genetic improvement in plants, and a good understanding of this phenomenon is important for breeding and cultivar deployment strategies. However, there is little information on G × E in horticultural tree crops, mostly due to evaluation costs, leading to a focus on the development and deployment of locally adapted germplasm. Using sweetness (measured as soluble solids content, SSC) in peach/nectarine assessed at four trials from three US peach-breeding programs as a case study, we evaluated the hypotheses that (i) complex data from multiple breeding programs can be connected using GBLUP models to improve the knowledge of G × E for breeding and deployment and (ii) accounting for a known large-effect quantitative trait locus (QTL) improves the prediction accuracy. Following a structured strategy using univariate and multivariate models containing additive and dominance genomic effects on SSC, a model that included a previously detected QTL and background genomic effects was a significantly better fit than a genome-wide model with completely anonymous markers. Estimates of an individual's narrow-sense and broad-sense heritability for SSC were high (0.57-0.73 and 0.66-0.80, respectively), with 19-32% of total genomic variance explained by the QTL. Genome-wide dominance effects and QTL effects were stable across environments. Significant G × E was detected for background genome effects, mostly due to the low correlation of these effects across seasons within a particular trial. The expected prediction accuracy, estimated from the linear model, was higher than the realised prediction accuracy estimated by cross-validation, suggesting that these two parameters measure different qualities of the prediction models. While prediction accuracy was improved in some cases by combining data across trials, particularly when phenotypic data for untested individuals were available from other trials, this improvement was not consistent. This study confirms that complex data can be combined into a single analysis using GBLUP methods to improve understanding of G × E and also incorporate known QTL effects. In addition, the study generated baseline information to account for population structure in genomic prediction models in horticultural crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig M. Hardner
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mulusew Fikere
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ksenija Gasic
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Cassia da Silva Linge
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Margaret Worthington
- Faculty Horticulture, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - David Byrne
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Zena Rawandoozi
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Cameron Peace
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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13
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Small RNA Differential Expression Analysis Reveals miRNAs Involved in Dormancy Progression in Sweet Cherry Floral Buds. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11182396. [PMID: 36145795 PMCID: PMC9500734 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In sweet cherry (Prunus avium), as in other temperate woody perennials, bud dormancy allows for survival in adverse environmental conditions during winter. During this process, environmental signals such as short days and/or low temperatures trigger internal signals that enable buds to become tolerant to the cold. The process involves tracking chilling units up to chilling the requirement fulfillment to resume growth, a transition involving transcriptional regulation, metabolic signaling, and epigenetic-related regulatory events. Massive sequencing of small RNAs was performed to identify miRNAs involved in sweet cherry dormancy by comparing their expression in field (regular seasonal) and controlled non-stop (continuous) chilling conditions. miRNAs highlighted by sequencing were validated using specific stem-loop PCR quantification, confirming expression patterns for known miRNAs such as miR156e, miR166c, miR172d, miR391, miR482c, and miR535b, as well as for newly proposed miRNAs. In silico prediction of the target genes was used to construct miRNA/target gene nodes. In particular, the involvement of the sweet cherry version for the miR156/SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING-LIKE PROTEIN genes whose expression was opposite in the two conditions suggests their involvement on dormancy regulation in sweet cherry. miRNA levels indicate that the regulation of stress-related genes and hormone synthesis modulates the expression of calcium metabolism and cell development-associated genes. Understanding the regulatory networks involved in sweet cherry dormancy, particularly in the context of miRNA involvement, represents the first step in the development of new agricultural strategies that may help overcome the increasing challenges presented by global climate change.
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14
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Jia Z, Zhang B, Sharma A, Kim NS, Purohit SM, Green MM, Roche MR, Holliday E, Chen H. Revelation of the sciences of traditional foods. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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The Rm1 and Rm2 Resistance Genes to Green Peach Aphid ( Myzus persicae) Encode the Same TNL Proteins in Peach ( Prunus persica L.). Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081489. [PMID: 36011400 PMCID: PMC9408794 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The green peach aphid (GPA), Myzus persicae, is an important pest of the peach crop. Three major dominant resistance genes have already been detected, Rm1 in the Weeping Flower Peach (WFP) clone, Rm2 in the Rubira clone, and Rm3 in the Fen Shouxing clone. In this study, after NGS resequencing of WFP and Rubira, we found that their genomic sequences in the Rm1 and Rm2 region were similar but very different from that of the susceptible reference peach Lovell. We constructed a BAC library for the GPA-resistant WFP and screened four BAC clones to sequence the target region. The new sequence was 61.7 Kb longer than Lovell and was annotated with four different TIR_NBS_LRR genes. Among them, the TNL1 gene was very overexpressed in WFP leaves 24 h after GPA infestation. This gene was also present and expressed in the Rubira clone and had the same sequence as the candidate Rm3 gene, supporting the hypothesis that the three genes share the same origin. In addition, we identified a second TNL, TNL2, located at 35.4 Kb from TNL1 and slightly overexpressed after GPA infestation. Kasp and size molecular markers were designed for use in marker-assisted selection and were validated in a peach segregating population.
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16
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Zuriaga E, Tao R, Romero C. Editorial: Towards the Identification of Useful Genes for Prunus Breeding. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:945476. [PMID: 35747878 PMCID: PMC9210162 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.945476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zuriaga
- Centro de Citricultura y Producción Vegetal, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ryutaro Tao
- Laboratory of Pomology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Carlos Romero
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding of Cultivated Species, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas—Universitat Politécnica de València, Valencia, Spain
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17
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Wu X, Fang P, Zhang P, Sun T, Wang X, Branca F, Xu P. Editorial: Improvement for Quality and Safety Traits in Horticultural Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:927779. [PMID: 35712592 PMCID: PMC9194942 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.927779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Wu
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-Product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pingping Fang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Sun
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinchao Wang
- National Center for Tea Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ferdinando Branca
- Departments of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Pei Xu
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-Product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Canton M, Farinati S, Forestan C, Joseph J, Bonghi C, Varotto S. An efficient chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) protocol for studying histone modifications in peach reproductive tissues. PLANT METHODS 2022; 18:43. [PMID: 35361223 PMCID: PMC8973749 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-022-00876-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perennial fruit trees display a growth behaviour characterized by annual cycling between growth and dormancy, with complex physiological features. Rosaceae fruit trees represent excellent models for studying not only the fruit growth/patterning but also the progression of the reproductive cycle depending upon the impact of climate conditions. Additionally, current developments in high-throughput technologies have impacted Rosaceae tree research while investigating genome structure and function as well as (epi)genetic mechanisms involved in important developmental and environmental response processes during fruit tree growth. Among epigenetic mechanisms, chromatin remodelling mediated by histone modifications and other chromatin-related processes play a crucial role in gene modulation, controlling gene expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation is an effective technique to investigate chromatin dynamics in plants. This technique is generally applied for studies on chromatin states and enrichment of post-transcriptional modifications (PTMs) in histone proteins. RESULTS Peach is considered a model organism among climacteric fruits in the Rosaceae family for studies on bud formation, dormancy, and organ differentiation. In our work, we have primarily established specific protocols for chromatin extraction and immunoprecipitation in reproductive tissues of peach (Prunus persica). Subsequently, we focused our investigations on the role of two chromatin marks, namely the trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine in position 4 (H3K4me3) and trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) in modulating specific gene expression. Bud dormancy and fruit growth were investigated in a nectarine genotype called Fantasia as our model system. CONCLUSIONS We present general strategies to optimize ChIP protocols for buds and mesocarp tissues of peach and analyze the correlation between gene expression and chromatin mark enrichment/depletion. The procedures proposed may be useful to evaluate any involvement of histone modifications in the regulation of gene expression during bud dormancy progression and core ripening in fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Canton
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, PD Italy
| | - Silvia Farinati
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, PD Italy
| | - Cristian Forestan
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Justin Joseph
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, PD Italy
| | - Claudio Bonghi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, PD Italy
| | - Serena Varotto
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, PD Italy
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Micropropagation of Plum (Prunus domestica L.) in Bioreactors Using Photomixotrophic and Photoautotrophic Conditions. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8040286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we propagated two old Galician plum varieties in liquid medium using a temporary immersion system with RITA© bioreactors. Environmental variables including culture system, light intensity, CO2 enrichment, immersion frequency and sucrose supplementation were evaluated in relation to in vitro proliferation, physiological status and ex vitro performance. Bioreactors were superior to jars for culturing shoots in photomixotrophic conditions, producing up to 2 times more shoot numbers and up to 1.7 times more shoot length (depending on the genotype) using shoot clusters. The number and quality of shoots were positively influenced by the sucrose concentration in the medium, plus by the light and gaseous environment. For individual apical sections the best response occurred with 3% sucrose, 150 µmol m−2 s−1 photosynthetic photon flux density and 2000 ppm CO2, averaging 2.5 shoots per explant, 26 mm shoot length and 240 mm2 leaf area, while with 50 µmol m−2 s−1 light and ambient CO2 (400 ppm) values decreased to 1.2 shoots per explant, 14 mm of shoot length and 160 mm2 of leaf area. Shoots cultured photoautotrophically (without sucrose) were successfully rooted and acclimated despite of showing limited growth, low photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrate, phenolic and antioxidant contents during the multiplication phase.
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20
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Ppe.XapF: High throughput KASP assays to identify fruit response to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni (Xap) in peach. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264543. [PMID: 35213640 PMCID: PMC8880879 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial spot, caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni (Xap), is a serious peach disease with symptoms that traverse severe defoliation and black surface pitting, cracking or blemishes on peach fruit with global economic impacts. A management option for control and meeting consumer demand for chemical-free, environmentally friendly fruit production is the development of resistant or tolerant cultivars. We developed simple, accurate, and efficient DNA assays (Ppe.XapF) based on SNP genotyping with KASP technology to quickly test for bacterial spot resistance alleles in peach fruit that allows breeders to cull seedlings at the greenhouse stage. The objective of this research was to validate newly developed DNA tests that target the two major QTLs for fruit resistance in peach with diagnostic utility in predicting fruit response to bacterial spot infection. Our study confirms that with only two Ppe.XapF DNA tests, Ppe.XapF1-1 and Ppe.XapF6-2, individuals carrying susceptible alleles can be identified. Use of these efficient and accurate Ppe.XapF KASP tests resulted in 44% reduction in seedling planting rate in the Clemson University peach breeding program.
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21
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Development and Cross-Species Transferability of Novel Genomic-SSR Markers and Their Utility in Hybrid Identification and Trait Association Analysis in Chinese Cherry. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8030222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Chinese cherry (Cerasus pseudocerasus (Lindl.) G.Don) is an economically important tetraploid fruiting cherry species native to China. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs)—due to their codominance, polymorphism, and stability—have been widely applied in genetic identification and trait-association analysis. In this study, using comparative genomics strategy and the data of one high-quality whole genome and seven preliminarily assembled genome sequences, we constructed a database containing 25,779 polymorphic SSR loci to efficiently develop novel markers. Sixty-four SSR loci covering eight linkage groups were selected to design primer pairs. Sixty (93.75%) primer pairs yielded specific bands and 32 (50.00%) exhibited moderate-to-high levels of informativeness (PIC ranging from 0.264 to 0.728) in 94 Chinese cherry accessions. A total of 38 primer pairs exhibited high transferability across 13 Cerasus taxa. The marker SAUCps203 was species-specific in C. pseudocerasus by checking with 114 accessions from Cerasus and 16 relatives, suggesting its potential application in accurate identification of Chinese cherry or its interspecific hybrid. Moreover, 1081 out of 1122 individuals from three cross F1 populations of Chinese cherry were identified as true hybrid offspring by using only five SSR markers. Trait association analysis suggested that 20 SSR loci were significantly associated with soluble solids and fruit size, with explained phenotypic variance ranging from 9.02% to 26.35%. This study will provide a basis for SSR-based germplasm identification and further marker-assisted selection (MAS) of Chinese cherry.
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22
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Herbert A, Hancock CN, Cox B, Schnabel G, Moreno D, Carvalho R, Jones J, Paret M, Geng X, Wang H. Oxytetracycline and Streptomycin Resistance Genes in Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni, the Causal Agent of Bacterial Spot in Peach. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:821808. [PMID: 35283838 PMCID: PMC8914263 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.821808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni (Xap) causes bacterial spot, a major worldwide disease of Prunus species. Very few chemical management options are available for this disease and frequent applications of oxytetracycline (OTC) in the United States peach orchards have raised concerns about resistance development. During 2017-2020, 430 Xap strains were collected from ten peach orchards in South Carolina. Seven OTC-resistant (OTC R ) Xap strains were found in 2017 and 2020 from four orchards about 20-270 km apart. Interestingly, the seven strains were also resistant to streptomycin (STR). Six strains grew on media amended with ≤100 μg/mL OTC, while one strain, R1, grew on ≤250 μg/mL OTC. Genome sequence analysis of four representative OTC R strains revealed a 14-20 kb plasmid carrying tetC, tetR, and strAB in each strain. These three genes were transferable to Xanthomonas perforans via conjugation, and they were PCR confirmed in all seven OTC R Xap strains. When tetC and tetR were cloned and expressed together in a sensitive strain, the transconjugants showed resistance to ≤100 μg/mL OTC. When tetC was cloned and expressed alone in a sensitive strain, the transconjugants showed resistance to ≤250 μg/mL OTC. TetC and tetR expression was inducible by OTC in all six wild-type strains resistant to ≤100 μg/mL OTC. However, in the R1 strain resistant to ≤250 μg/mL OTC, tetR was not expressed, possibly due to the presence of Tn3 in the tetR gene, and in this case tetC was constitutively expressed. These data suggest that tetC confers OTC resistance in Xap strains, and tetR regulates the level of OTC resistance conferred by tetC. To our knowledge, this is the first report of OTC resistance in plant pathogenic xanthomonads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Herbert
- Edisto Research and Education Center, Clemson University, Blackville, SC, United States
| | - C. Nathan Hancock
- Department of Biology and Geology, University of South Carolina Aiken, Aiken, SC, United States
| | - Brodie Cox
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Guido Schnabel
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Daniela Moreno
- Edisto Research and Education Center, Clemson University, Blackville, SC, United States
| | - Renato Carvalho
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL, United States
| | - Jeffrey Jones
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Matthew Paret
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL, United States
| | - Xueqing Geng
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hehe Wang
- Edisto Research and Education Center, Clemson University, Blackville, SC, United States
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23
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Li M, Sang M, Wen Z, Meng J, Cheng T, Zhang Q, Sun L. Mapping Floral Genetic Architecture in Prunus mume, an Ornamental Woody Plant. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:828579. [PMID: 35211141 PMCID: PMC8860970 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.828579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Floral traits are both evolutionarily and economically relevant for ornamental plants. However, their underlying genetic architecture, especially in woody ornamental plants, is still poorly understood. We perform mapping experiments aimed at identifying specific quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that control the size, shape, architecture, color, and timing of flowers in mei (Prunus mume). We find that the narrow region of chromosome 1 (5-15 Mb) contains a number of floral QTLs. Most QTLs detected from this mapping study are annotated to candidate genes that regulate various biological functions toward the floral formation. We identify strong pleiotropic control on different aspects of flower morphology (including shape, petal number, pistil number, petal color, and calyx color) and flower timing, but find different genetic systems that mediate whether a flower produces pistils and how many pistils a flower produces. We find that many floral QTLs display pleiotropic effects on shoot length growth but shoot radial growth, implicating a possible association of floral display with light capture. We conduct a transcriptomic study to characterize the genomic signature of floral QTLs expressed in mei. Our mapping results about the genetic control of floral features make it promising to select superior varieties for mei carrying flowers of ornamental value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Sang
- Center for Computational Biology, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- School Medicine, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhenying Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Tangren Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lidan Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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24
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Abstract
Plums are a large group of closely related stone fruit species and hybrids of worldwide economic importance and diffusion. This review deals with the main aspects concerning plum agrobiodiversity and its relationship with current and potential contributions offered by breeding in enhancing plum varieties. The most recent breeding achievements are revised according to updated information proceeding from relevant scientific reports and official inventories of plum genetic resources. A special emphasis has been given to the potential sources of genetic traits of interest for breeding programs as well as to the need for efficient and coordinated efforts aimed at efficaciously preserving the rich and underexploited extant plum agrobiodiversity. The specific objective of this review was to: (i) analyze and possibly evaluate the degree of biodiversity existing in the cultivated plum germplasm, (ii) examine the set of traits of prominent agronomic and pomological interest currently targeted by the breeders, and (iii) determine how and to what extent this germplasm was appropriately exploited in breeding programs or could represent concrete prospects for the future.
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25
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Zhang Q, Liu J, Liu W, Liu N, Zhang Y, Xu M, Liu S, Ma X, Zhang Y. Construction of a High-Density Genetic Map and Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci Linked to Fruit Quality Traits in Apricots Using Specific-Locus Amplified Fragment Sequencing. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:798700. [PMID: 35237282 PMCID: PMC8882730 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.798700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Improving fruit quality is one of the main tasks in modern commercial apricot breeding. Because of the lack of high-density linkage maps and fine mapping, it is difficult to obtain molecular markers that can assist in breeding for quantitative inheritance of fruit quality traits. In this study, specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing was used to genotype 169 seedlings of F1 apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) progenies derived from crossing "Chuanzhihong" (H) with "Saimaiti" (S). After aligning to the Prunus armeniaca reference genome and filtering out low-quality variants, 6,012 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms were obtained and employed to construct a genetic map for each parent. The genetic linkage maps showed eight linkage groups of apricot, covering a distance of 809.6 cM in "H" and 1076.4 cM in "S". The average distance between markers in "H" and "S" was 0.62 and 0.95 cM, respectively. To map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for fruit quality, we investigated fruit quality traits, including fruit weight (FW), fruit height (FH), fruit lateral width (FL), fruit ventral width (FV), soluble solids content (SSC), and fruit firmness (FF) for all seedlings genotyped in 2018 and 2019. Eleven and nine QTLs linked to fruit quality traits were anchored on the "H" and "S" maps, respectively, and 1,138 putative candidate genes for 16 most significant regions on the corresponding chromosome were identified based on gene annotation. Among them, fruit size contained 648 genes in 11 intervals on the reference genome, SSC contained 372 genes in 3 intervals, and FF contained 117 genes in 2 intervals. Our findings uncovered the genetic basis of apricot fruit quality, and provided candidate genes for further molecular genetic studies on fruit quality and QTL targets for future marker-assisted selection of apricot quality improvement breeding.
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26
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Zhang J, Wang Y, Chen T, Chen Q, Wang L, Liu ZS, Wang H, Xie R, He W, Li M, Liu CL, Yang SF, Li MY, Lin YX, Zhang YT, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Tang HR, Gao LZ, Wang XR. Evolution of Rosaceae Plastomes Highlights Unique Cerasus Diversification and Independent Origins of Fruiting Cherry. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:736053. [PMID: 34868119 PMCID: PMC8639594 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.736053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rosaceae comprises numerous types of economically important fruits, ornamentals, and timber. The lack of plastome characteristics has blocked our understanding of the evolution of plastome and plastid genes of Rosaceae crops. Using comparative genomics and phylogenomics, we analyzed 121 Rosaceae plastomes of 54 taxa from 13 genera, predominantly including Cerasus (true cherry) and its relatives. To our knowledge, we generated the first comprehensive map of genomic variation across Rosaceae plastomes. Contraction/expansion of inverted repeat regions and sequence losses of the two single-copy regions underlie large genomic variations in size among Rosaceae plastomes. Plastid protein-coding genes were characterized with a high proportion (over 50%) of synonymous variants and insertion-deletions with multiple triplets. Five photosynthesis-related genes were specially selected in perennial woody trees. Comparative genomic analyses implied divergent evolutionary patterns between pomaceous and drupaceous trees. Across all examined plastomes, unique and divergent evolution was detected in Cerasus plastomes. Phylogenomic analyses and molecular dating highlighted the relatively distant phylogenetic relationship between Cerasus and relatives (Microcerasus, Amygdalus, Prunus, and Armeniaca), which strongly supported treating the monophyletic true cherry group as a separate genus excluding dwarf cherry. High genetic differentiation and distinct phylogenetic relationships implied independent origins and domestication between fruiting cherries, particularly between Prunus pseudocerasus (Cerasus pseudocerasus) and P. avium (C. avium). Well-resolved maternal phylogeny suggested that cultivated P. pseudocerasus originated from Longmenshan Fault zone, the eastern edge of Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains, where it was subjected to frequent genomic introgression between its presumed wild ancestors and relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Chen
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Qing Chen
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen-shan Liu
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Xie
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen He
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Li
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cong-li Liu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shao-feng Yang
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng-yao Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan-xiu Lin
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun-ting Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Luo
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao-ru Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-zhi Gao
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-rong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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27
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Wöhner TW, Emeriewen OF, Wittenberg AHJ, Schneiders H, Vrijenhoek I, Halász J, Hrotkó K, Hoff KJ, Gabriel L, Lempe J, Keilwagen J, Berner T, Schuster M, Peil A, Wünsche J, Kropop S, Flachowsky H. The draft chromosome-level genome assembly of tetraploid ground cherry (Prunus fruticosa Pall.) from long reads. Genomics 2021; 113:4173-4183. [PMID: 34774678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cherries are stone fruits and belong to the economically important plant family of Rosaceae with worldwide cultivation of different species. The ground cherry, Prunus fruticosa Pall., is an ancestor of cultivated sour cherry, an important tetraploid cherry species. Here, we present a long read chromosome-level draft genome assembly and related plastid sequences using the Oxford Nanopore Technology PromethION platform and R10.3 pore type. We generated a final consensus genome sequence of 366 Mb comprising eight chromosomes. The N50 scaffold was ~44 Mb with the longest chromosome being 66.5 Mb. The chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes were 158,217 bp and 383,281 bp long, which is in accordance with previously published plastid sequences. This is the first report of the genome of ground cherry (P. fruticosa) sequenced by long read technology only. The datasets obtained from this study provide a foundation for future breeding, molecular and evolutionary analysis in Prunus studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Wöhner
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops, Pillnitzer Platz 3a, D-01326, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Ofere F Emeriewen
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops, Pillnitzer Platz 3a, D-01326, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Júlia Halász
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Horticultural Science, Szent István University, Ménesi Str. 44, Budapest 1118, Hungary
| | - Károly Hrotkó
- Department of Floriculture and Dendrology, Institute of Landscape Architecture, Urban Planning and Ornamental Horticulture, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Science, Villányi Str. 35-43, Budapest 1118, Hungary
| | - Katharina J Hoff
- Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 47, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; Center for Functional Genomics of Microbes, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 8, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lars Gabriel
- Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 47, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; Center for Functional Genomics of Microbes, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 8, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Janne Lempe
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops, Pillnitzer Platz 3a, D-01326, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Keilwagen
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biosafety in Plant Biotechnology, Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, D-06484 Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Berner
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biosafety in Plant Biotechnology, Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, D-06484 Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Mirko Schuster
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops, Pillnitzer Platz 3a, D-01326, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Peil
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops, Pillnitzer Platz 3a, D-01326, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Wünsche
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Special Crops and Crop Physiology, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Henryk Flachowsky
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops, Pillnitzer Platz 3a, D-01326, Dresden, Germany
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28
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Sabbadini S, Capocasa F, Battino M, Mazzoni L, Mezzetti B. Improved nutritional quality in fruit tree species through traditional and biotechnological approaches. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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29
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Fiol A, García-Gómez BE, Jurado-Ruiz F, Alexiou K, Howad W, Aranzana MJ. Characterization of Japanese Plum ( Prunus salicina) PsMYB10 Alleles Reveals Structural Variation and Polymorphisms Correlating With Fruit Skin Color. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:655267. [PMID: 34168666 PMCID: PMC8217863 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.655267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The red to blue hue of plant organs is caused due to anthocyanins, which are water-soluble flavonoid pigments. The accumulation of these pigments is regulated by a complex of R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TFs), basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH), and WD-repeat (WDR) proteins (MBW complex). In Rosaceae species, R2R3-MYBs, particularly MYB10 genes, are responsible for part of the natural variation in anthocyanin colors. Japanese plum cultivars, which are hybrids of Prunus salicina, have high variability in the color hue and pattern, going from yellow-green to red and purple-blue, probably as a result of the interspecific hybridization origin of the crop. Because of such variability, Japanese plum can be considered as an excellent model to study the color determination in Rosaceae fruit tree species. Here, we cloned and characterized the alleles of the PsMYB10 genes in the linkage group LG3 region where quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for the organ color have been mapped to other Prunus species. Allele segregation in biparental populations as well as in a panel of varieties, combined with the whole-genome sequence of two varieties with contrasting fruit color, allowed the organization of the MYB10 alleles into haplotypes. With the help of this strategy, alleles were assigned to genes and at least three copies of PsMYB10.1 were identified in some varieties. In total, we observed six haplotypes, which were able to characterize 91.36% of the cultivars. In addition, two alleles of PsMYB10.1 were found to be highly associated with anthocyanin and anthocyanin-less skin. Their expression during the fruit development confirms their role in the fruit skin coloration. Here, we provide a highly efficient molecular marker for the early selection of colored or non-colored fruits in Japanese plum breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Fiol
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz E. García-Gómez
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federico Jurado-Ruiz
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Konstantinos Alexiou
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Werner Howad
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria José Aranzana
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Barcelona, Spain
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30
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Huang X, Tan W, Li F, Liao R, Guo Z, Shi T, Gao Z. The chloroplast genome of Prunus zhengheensis: Genome comparative and phylogenetic relationships analysis. Gene 2021; 793:145751. [PMID: 34062257 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Prunus zhengheensis is a novel species originated in Fujian province, China. However, there is no further information available on its classification and molecular biology study. In this study, we first report the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of P. zhengheensis. The cp genome of P. zhengheensis is 158,106 bp and GC content is 36.73%, is a circular structure composed of LSC (large single copy), SSC (small single copy), and IR (inverted repeat) regions, with the size of the three regions being 86,321 bp, 18,999 bp and 26,393 bp, respectively. The cp genome of P. zhengheensis contains 130 genes, and 242 SSRs are identified in the cp genome. The comparative analysis of cp genomes in eight Prunus plants demonstrates the subtle divergences occur in the protein-coding gene rps18, rps12, psbF, rpl33, matK, and rbcL, and that the KA/KS nucleotide substitution ratio of the ndhF of P. zhengheensis and P. armeniaca is 1.79636. The phylogenetic results indicate that the P. zhengheensis is closely related to P. mume, compared to other species of Prunus. Our research results provide the important genomic information for molecular phylogeny of P. zhengheensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Wei Tan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin 136100, China.
| | - Ruyu Liao
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.
| | - Zhongren Guo
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Ting Shi
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Zhihong Gao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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31
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Yamane H, Singh AK, Cooke JEK. Plant dormancy research: from environmental control to molecular regulatory networks. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 41:523-528. [PMID: 33834235 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisayo Yamane
- Graduate school of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Anil Kumar Singh
- School of Genetic Engineering, ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi 834 003 India
| | - Janice E K Cooke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB T6G 2E9, Alberta, Canada
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32
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Zhang A, Zhou H, Jiang X, Han Y, Zhang X. The Draft Genome of a Flat Peach ( Prunus persica L. cv. '124 Pan') Provides Insights into Its Good Fruit Flavor Traits. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10030538. [PMID: 33809190 PMCID: PMC7998450 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The flat peach has become more and more popular worldwide for its fruit quality with relatively low acidity, high sugar content and rich flavor. However, the draft genome assembly of flat peach is still unavailable and the genetic basis for its fruit flavor remains unclear. In this study, the draft genome of a flat peach cultivar '124 Pan' was assembled by using a hybrid assembly algorithm. The final assembly resulted in a total size of 206 Mb with a N50 of 26.3 Mb containing eight chromosomes and seven scaffolds. Genome annotation revealed that a total of 25,233 protein-coding genes were predicted with comparable gene abundance among the sequenced peach species. The phylogenetic tree and divergence times inferred from 572 single copy genes of 13 plant species confirmed that Prunus ferganensis was the ancestor of the domesticated peach. By comparing with the genomes of Prunus persica (Lovell) and Prunus ferganensis, the expansion of genes encoding enzymes involved in terpene biosynthesis was found, which might contribute to the good fruit flavor traits of '124 Pan'. The flat peach draft genome assembly obtained in this study will provide a valuable genomic resource for peach improvement and molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430000, China; (A.Z.); (H.Z.); (X.J.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430000, China; (A.Z.); (H.Z.); (X.J.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Ecophysiology of Horticultural Crops, Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiaohan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430000, China; (A.Z.); (H.Z.); (X.J.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuepeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430000, China; (A.Z.); (H.Z.); (X.J.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiujun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430000, China; (A.Z.); (H.Z.); (X.J.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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Recent Large-Scale Genotyping and Phenotyping of Plant Genetic Resources of Vegetatively Propagated Crops. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020415. [PMID: 33672381 PMCID: PMC7926561 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several recent national and international projects have focused on large-scale genotyping of plant genetic resources in vegetatively propagated crops like fruit and berries, potatoes and woody ornamentals. The primary goal is usually to identify true-to-type plant material, detect possible synonyms, and investigate genetic diversity and relatedness among accessions. A secondary goal may be to create sustainable databases that can be utilized in research and breeding for several years ahead. Commonly applied DNA markers (like microsatellite DNA and SNPs) and next-generation sequencing each have their pros and cons for these purposes. Methods for large-scale phenotyping have lagged behind, which is unfortunate since many commercially important traits (yield, growth habit, storability, and disease resistance) are difficult to score. Nevertheless, the analysis of gene action and development of robust DNA markers depends on environmentally controlled screening of very large sets of plant material. Although more time-consuming, co-operative projects with broad-scale data collection are likely to produce more reliable results. In this review, we will describe some of the approaches taken in genotyping and/or phenotyping projects concerning a wide variety of vegetatively propagated crops.
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Pina A, Irisarri P, Errea P, Zhebentyayeva T. Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With Graft (In)Compatibility in Apricot ( Prunus armeniaca L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:622906. [PMID: 33679836 PMCID: PMC7933020 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.622906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Graft incompatibility (GI) between the most popular Prunus rootstocks and apricot cultivars is one of the major problems for rootstock usage and improvement. Failure in producing long-leaving healthy grafts greatly affects the range of available Prunus rootstocks for apricot cultivation. Despite recent advances related to the molecular mechanisms of a graft-union formation between rootstock and scion, information on genetic control of this trait in woody plants is essentially missing because of a lack of hybrid crosses, segregating for the trait. In this study, we have employed the next-generation sequencing technology to generate the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and construct parental linkage maps for an apricot F1 population "Moniqui (Mo)" × "Paviot (Pa)" segregating for ability to form successful grafts with universal Prunus rootstock "Marianna 2624". To localize genomic regions associated with this trait, we genotyped 138 individuals from the "Mo × Pa" cross and constructed medium-saturated genetic maps. The female "Mo" and male "Pa" maps were composed of 557 and 501 SNPs and organized in eight linkage groups that covered 780.2 and 690.4 cM of genetic distance, respectively. Parental maps were aligned to the Prunus persica v2.0 genome and revealed a high colinearity with the Prunus reference map. Two-year phenotypic data for characters associated with unsuccessful grafting such as necrotic line (NL), bark and wood discontinuities (BD and WD), and an overall estimate of graft (in)compatibility (GI) were collected for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on both parental maps. On the map of the graft-compatible parent "Pa", two genomic regions on LG5 (44.9-60.8 cM) and LG8 (33.2-39.2 cM) were associated with graft (in)compatibility characters at different significance level, depending on phenotypic dataset. Of these, the LG8 QTL interval was most consistent between the years and supported by two significant and two putative QTLs. To our best knowledge, this is the first report on QTLs for graft (in)compatibility in woody plants. Results of this work will provide a valuable genomic resource for apricot breeding programs and facilitate future efforts focused on candidate genes discovery for graft (in)compatibility in apricot and other Prunus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pina
- Unidad de Hortofruticultura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón – IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Patricia Irisarri
- Unidad de Hortofruticultura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón – IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Errea
- Unidad de Hortofruticultura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón – IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Tetyana Zhebentyayeva
- The Schatz Center for Tree Molecular Genetics, Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
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Di Guardo M, Farneti B, Khomenko I, Modica G, Mosca A, Distefano G, Bianco L, Troggio M, Sottile F, La Malfa S, Biasioli F, Gentile A. Genetic characterization of an almond germplasm collection and volatilome profiling of raw and roasted kernels. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:27. [PMID: 33518710 PMCID: PMC7848010 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00465-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Almond is appreciated for its nutraceutical value and for the aromatic profile of the kernels. In this work, an almond collection composed of 96 Sicilian accessions complemented with 10 widely cultivated cultivars was phenotyped for the production of volatile organic compounds using a proton-transfer time-of-flight mass spectrometer and genotyped using the Illumina Infinium®18 K Peach SNP array. The profiling of the aroma was carried out on fresh and roasted kernels enabling the detection of 150 mass peaks. Sixty eight, for the most related with sulfur compounds, furan containing compounds, and aldehydes formed by Strecker degradation, significantly increased during roasting, while the concentration of fifty-four mass peaks, for the most belonging to alcohols and terpenes, significantly decreased. Four hundred and seventy-one robust SNPs were selected and employed for population genetic studies. Structure analysis detected three subpopulations with the Sicilian accessions characterized by a different genetic stratification compared to those collected in Apulia (South Italy) and the International cultivars. The linkage-disequilibrium (LD) decay across the genome was equal to r2 = 0.083. Furthermore, a high level of collinearity (r2 = 0.96) between almond and peach was registered confirming the high synteny between the two genomes. A preliminary application of a genome-wide association analysis allowed the detection of significant marker-trait associations for 31 fresh and 33 roasted almond mass peaks respectively. An accurate genetic and phenotypic characterization of novel germplasm can represent a valuable tool for the set-up of marker-assisted selection of novel cultivars with an enhanced aromatic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Di Guardo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - B Farneti
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all' Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - I Khomenko
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all' Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - G Modica
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - A Mosca
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - G Distefano
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - L Bianco
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all' Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - M Troggio
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all' Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - F Sottile
- Dipartimento di Architettura, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 14 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - S La Malfa
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - F Biasioli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all' Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - A Gentile
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123, Catania, Italy
- National Center for Citrus Improvement, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Nilo-Poyanco R, Moraga C, Benedetto G, Orellana A, Almeida AM. Shotgun proteomics of peach fruit reveals major metabolic pathways associated to ripening. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:17. [PMID: 33413072 PMCID: PMC7788829 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07299-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruit ripening in Prunus persica melting varieties involves several physiological changes that have a direct impact on the fruit organoleptic quality and storage potential. By studying the proteomic differences between the mesocarp of mature and ripe fruit, it would be possible to highlight critical molecular processes involved in the fruit ripening. RESULTS To accomplish this goal, the proteome from mature and ripe fruit was assessed from the variety O'Henry through shotgun proteomics using 1D-gel (PAGE-SDS) as fractionation method followed by LC/MS-MS analysis. Data from the 131,435 spectra could be matched to 2740 proteins, using the peach genome reference v1. After data pre-treatment, 1663 proteins could be used for comparison with datasets assessed using transcriptomic approaches and for quantitative protein accumulation analysis. Close to 26% of the genes that code for the proteins assessed displayed higher expression at ripe fruit compared to other fruit developmental stages, based on published transcriptomic data. Differential accumulation analysis between mature and ripe fruit revealed that 15% of the proteins identified were modulated by the ripening process, with glycogen and isocitrate metabolism, and protein localization overrepresented in mature fruit, as well as cell wall modification in ripe fruit. Potential biomarkers for the ripening process, due to their differential accumulation and gene expression pattern, included a pectin methylesterase inhibitor, a gibbellerin 2-beta-dioxygenase, an omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, a homeobox-leucine zipper protein and an ACC oxidase. Transcription factors enriched in NAC and Myb protein domains would target preferentially the genes encoding proteins more abundant in mature and ripe fruit, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Shotgun proteomics is an unbiased approach to get deeper into the proteome allowing to detect differences in protein abundance between samples. This technique provided a resolution so that individual gene products could be identified. Many proteins likely involved in cell wall and sugar metabolism, aroma and color, change their abundance during the transition from mature to ripe fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Nilo-Poyanco
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide, 5750, Huechuraba, Chile
| | - Carol Moraga
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
- Inria Grenoble Rhône-Alpes, 38334, Montbonnot, France
| | - Gianfranco Benedetto
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, República 330, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ariel Orellana
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, República 330, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Genome Regulation, Blanco Encalada, 2085, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Miyasaka Almeida
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide, 5750, Huechuraba, Chile.
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide, 5750, Huechuraba, Chile.
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Guan J, Xu Y, Yu Y, Fu J, Ren F, Guo J, Zhao J, Jiang Q, Wei J, Xie H. Genome structure variation analyses of peach reveal population dynamics and a 1.67 Mb causal inversion for fruit shape. Genome Biol 2021; 22:13. [PMID: 33402202 PMCID: PMC7784018 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-02239-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural variations (SVs), a major resource of genomic variation, can have profound consequences on phenotypic variation, yet the impacts of SVs remain largely unexplored in crops. RESULTS Here, we generate a high-quality de novo genome assembly for a flat-fruit peach cultivar and produce a comprehensive SV map for peach, as a high proportion of genomic sequence is occupied by heterozygous SVs in the peach genome. We conduct population-level analyses that indicate SVs have undergone strong purifying selection during peach domestication, and find evidence of positive selection, with a significant preference for upstream and intronic regions during later peach improvement. We perform a SV-based GWAS that identifies a large 1.67-Mb heterozygous inversion that segregates perfectly with flat-fruit shape. Mechanistically, this derived allele alters the expression of the PpOFP2 gene positioned near the proximal breakpoint of the inversion, and we confirm in transgenic tomatoes that PpOFP2 is causal for flat-fruit shape. CONCLUSIONS Thus, beyond introducing new genomics resources for peach research, our study illustrates how focusing on SV data can drive basic functional discoveries in plant science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Guan
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoguang Xu
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Fu
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Ren
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiying Guo
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Zhao
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Jiang
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianhua Wei
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hua Xie
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Li X, Wang J, Su M, Zhou J, Zhang M, Du J, Zhou H, Gan K, Jin J, Zhang X, Cao K, Fang W, Wang L, Jia H, Gao Z, Ye Z. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection for Peach Gummosis Disease Resistance by Genome-Wide Association Study. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:763618. [PMID: 35197988 PMCID: PMC8858797 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.763618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Peach gummosis is one of the most widespread and destructive diseases. It causes growth stunting, yield loss, branch, trunk, and tree death, and is becoming a restrictive factor in healthy and sustainable development of peach production. Although a locus has been identified based on bi-parental quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, selection of gummosis-resistant cultivars remains challenging due to the lack of resistant parents and of the complexity of an inducing factor. In this study, an integrated approach of genome-wide association study (GWAS) and comparative transcriptome was used to elucidate the genetic architecture associated with the disease using 195 accessions and 145,456 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The broad-sense and narrow-sense heritabilities were estimated using 2-year phenotypic data and genotypic data, which gave high values of 70 and 73%, respectively. Evaluation of population structure by neighbor-joining and principal components analysis (PCA) clustered all accessions into three major groups and six subgroups, mainly according to fruit shape, hairy vs. glabrous fruit skin, pedigree, geographic origin, and domestication history. Five SNPs were found to be significantly associated with gummosis disease resistance, of which SNPrs285957, located on chromosome6 across 28 Mb, was detected by both the BLINK and the FarmCPU model. Six candidate genes flanked by or harboring the significant SNPs, previously implicated in biotic stress tolerance, were significantly associated with this resistance. Two highly resistant accessions were identified with low disease severity, which could be potential sources of resistance genes for breeding. Our results provide a fresh insight into the genetic control of peach gummosis disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongwei Li
- Forest and Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiabo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization (Southwest Minzu University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingshen Su
- Forest and Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Zhou
- Horticultural Department, Shanghai Municipal Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghao Zhang
- Forest and Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jihong Du
- Forest and Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijuan Zhou
- Forest and Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kexin Gan
- Key Laboratory for Horticultural Plant Growth, Department of Horticulture, Development and Quality Improvement of State Agriculture Ministry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Key Laboratory for Horticultural Plant Growth, Department of Horticulture, Development and Quality Improvement of State Agriculture Ministry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Zhang
- Forest and Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weichao Fang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lirong Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huijuan Jia
- Key Laboratory for Horticultural Plant Growth, Department of Horticulture, Development and Quality Improvement of State Agriculture Ministry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongshan Gao
- Key Laboratory for Horticultural Plant Growth, Department of Horticulture, Development and Quality Improvement of State Agriculture Ministry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhongshan Gao,
| | - Zhengwen Ye
- Forest and Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengwen Ye,
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García-Gómez BE, Salazar JA, Nicolás-Almansa M, Razi M, Rubio M, Ruiz D, Martínez-Gómez P. Molecular Bases of Fruit Quality in Prunus Species: An Integrated Genomic, Transcriptomic, and Metabolic Review with a Breeding Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:E333. [PMID: 33396946 PMCID: PMC7794732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In plants, fruit ripening is a coordinated developmental process that requires the change in expression of hundreds to thousands of genes to modify many biochemical and physiological signal cascades such as carbohydrate and organic acid metabolism, cell wall restructuring, ethylene production, stress response, and organoleptic compound formation. In Prunus species (including peaches, apricots, plums, and cherries), fruit ripening leads to the breakdown of complex carbohydrates into sugars, fruit firmness reductions (softening by cell wall degradation and cuticle properties alteration), color changes (loss of green color by chlorophylls degradation and increase in non-photosynthetic pigments like anthocyanins and carotenoids), acidity decreases, and aroma increases (the production and release of organic volatile compounds). Actually, the level of information of molecular events at the transcriptional, biochemical, hormonal, and metabolite levels underlying ripening in Prunus fruits has increased considerably. However, we still poorly understand the molecular switch that occurs during the transition from unripe to ripe fruits. The objective of this review was to analyze of the molecular bases of fruit quality in Prunus species through an integrated metabolic, genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenetic approach to better understand the molecular switch involved in the ripening process with important consequences from a breeding point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz E. García-Gómez
- Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (B.E.G.-G.); (J.A.S.); (M.N.-A.); (M.R.); (D.R.)
| | - Juan A. Salazar
- Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (B.E.G.-G.); (J.A.S.); (M.N.-A.); (M.R.); (D.R.)
| | - María Nicolás-Almansa
- Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (B.E.G.-G.); (J.A.S.); (M.N.-A.); (M.R.); (D.R.)
| | - Mitra Razi
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zajan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran;
| | - Manuel Rubio
- Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (B.E.G.-G.); (J.A.S.); (M.N.-A.); (M.R.); (D.R.)
| | - David Ruiz
- Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (B.E.G.-G.); (J.A.S.); (M.N.-A.); (M.R.); (D.R.)
| | - Pedro Martínez-Gómez
- Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (B.E.G.-G.); (J.A.S.); (M.N.-A.); (M.R.); (D.R.)
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Liu C, Feng C, Peng W, Hao J, Wang J, Pan J, He Y. Chromosome-level draft genome of a diploid plum (Prunus salicina). Gigascience 2020; 9:giaa130. [PMID: 33300949 PMCID: PMC7727024 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giaa130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plums are one of the most economically important Rosaceae fruit crops and comprise dozens of species distributed across the world. Until now, only limited genomic information has been available for the genetic studies and breeding programs of plums. Prunus salicina, an important diploid plum species, plays a predominant role in modern commercial plum production. Here we selected P. salicina for whole-genome sequencing and present a chromosome-level genome assembly through the combination of Pacific Biosciences sequencing, Illumina sequencing, and Hi-C technology. FINDINGS The assembly had a total size of 284.2 Mb, with contig N50 of 1.78 Mb and scaffold N50 of 32.32 Mb. A total of 96.56% of the assembled sequences were anchored onto 8 pseudochromosomes, and 24,448 protein-coding genes were identified. Phylogenetic analysis showed that P. salicina had a close relationship with Prunus mume and Prunus armeniaca, with P. salicina diverging from their common ancestor ∼9.05 million years ago. During P. salicina evolution 146 gene families were expanded, and some cell wall-related GO terms were significantly enriched. It was noteworthy that members of the DUF579 family, a new class involved in xylan biosynthesis, were significantly expanded in P. salicina, which provided new insight into the xylan metabolism in plums. CONCLUSIONS We constructed the first high-quality chromosome-level plum genome using Pacific Biosciences, Illumina, and Hi-C technologies. This work provides a valuable resource for facilitating plum breeding programs and studying the genetic diversity mechanisms of plums and Prunus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1190 Tianyuan Road, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Weizhuo Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, 5 Youchengliu Road, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Jingjing Hao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, 5 Youchengliu Road, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Juntao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, 5 Youchengliu Road, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Jianjun Pan
- Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Conghua District, 468 Tianlu Road, Guangzhou 510900, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yehua He
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, 5 Youchengliu Road, Maoming 525000, China
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Adoption and Optimization of Genomic Selection To Sustain Breeding for Apricot Fruit Quality. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2020; 10:4513-4529. [PMID: 33067307 PMCID: PMC7718743 DOI: 10.1534/g3.120.401452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Genomic selection (GS) is a breeding approach which exploits genome-wide information and whose unprecedented success has shaped several animal and plant breeding schemes through delivering their genetic progress. This is the first study assessing the potential of GS in apricot (Prunus armeniaca) to enhance postharvest fruit quality attributes. Genomic predictions were based on a F1 pseudo-testcross population, comprising 153 individuals with contrasting fruit quality traits. They were phenotyped for physical and biochemical fruit metrics in contrasting climatic conditions over two years. Prediction accuracy (PA) varied from 0.31 for glucose content with the Bayesian LASSO (BL) to 0.78 for ethylene production with RR-BLUP, which yielded the most accurate predictions in comparison to Bayesian models and only 10% out of 61,030 SNPs were sufficient to reach accurate predictions. Useful insights were provided on the genetic architecture of apricot fruit quality whose integration in prediction models improved their performance, notably for traits governed by major QTL. Furthermore, multivariate modeling yielded promising outcomes in terms of PA within training partitions partially phenotyped for target traits. This provides a useful framework for the implementation of indirect selection based on easy-to-measure traits. Thus, we highlighted the main levers to take into account for the implementation of GS for fruit quality in apricot, but also to improve the genetic gain in perennial species.
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Manco R, Chiaiese P, Basile B, Corrado G. Comparative analysis of genomic- and EST-SSRs in European plum ( Prunus domestica L.): implications for the diversity analysis of polyploids. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:543. [PMID: 33235823 PMCID: PMC7679426 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02513-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are among the most useful DNA markers in plant science. The aim of this study was to compare the features and usefulness of genomic SSR (gSSR) and EST-SSRs in European plum (Prunus domestica L.), an economically important, hexaploid stone fruit crop globally cultivated to produce fleshy fruits and derived foodstuff. The analysis of an ample set of morphologically diverse varieties indicated that gSSRs and EST-SSRs provide different estimates of some of the locus-based indicators of diversity. Moreover, the two classes of SSRs gave different, weakly correlated, estimations of distance-based parameters with gSSRs being more powerful for discriminating purposes. The two SSR classes provide complementary information in European plum, making the contribution of EST-SSRs useful not only as non-neutral markers. The differences between SSR classes are discussed considering the neutral and non-neutral evolution, and the polyploidy and asexual propagation of the cultivated tree varieties.
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Valdisser PAMR, Müller BSF, de Almeida Filho JE, Morais Júnior OP, Guimarães CM, Borba TCO, de Souza IP, Zucchi MI, Neves LG, Coelho ASG, Brondani C, Vianello RP. Genome-Wide Association Studies Detect Multiple QTLs for Productivity in Mesoamerican Diversity Panel of Common Bean Under Drought Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:574674. [PMID: 33343591 PMCID: PMC7738703 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.574674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is an important abiotic factor limiting common bean yield, with great impact on the production worldwide. Understanding the genetic basis regulating beans' yield and seed weight (SW) is a fundamental prerequisite for the development of superior cultivars. The main objectives of this work were to conduct genome-wide marker discovery by genotyping a Mesoamerican panel of common bean germplasm, containing cultivated and landrace accessions of broad origin, followed by the identification of genomic regions associated with productivity under two water regimes using different genome-wide association study (GWAS) approaches. A total of 11,870 markers were genotyped for the 339 genotypes, of which 3,213 were SilicoDArT and 8,657 SNPs derived from DArT and CaptureSeq. The estimated linkage disequilibrium extension, corrected for structure and relatedness (r 2 sv ), was 98.63 and 124.18 kb for landraces and breeding lines, respectively. Germplasm was structured into landraces and lines/cultivars. We carried out GWASs for 100-SW and yield in field environments with and without water stress for 3 consecutive years, using single-, segment-, and gene-based models. Higher number of associations at high stringency was identified for the SW trait under irrigation, totaling ∼185 QTLs for both single- and segment-based, whereas gene-based GWASs showed ∼220 genomic regions containing ∼650 genes. For SW under drought, 18 QTLs were identified for single- and segment-based and 35 genes by gene-based GWASs. For yield, under irrigation, 25 associations were identified, whereas under drought the total was 10 using both approaches. In addition to the consistent associations detected across experiments, these GWAS approaches provided important complementary QTL information (∼221 QTLs; 650 genes; r 2 from 0.01% to 32%). Several QTLs were mined within or near candidate genes playing significant role in productivity, providing better understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying these traits and making available molecular tools to be used in marker-assisted breeding. The findings also allowed the identification of genetic material (germplasm) with better yield performance under drought, promising to a common bean breeding program. Finally, the availability of this highly diverse Mesoamerican panel is of great scientific value for the analysis of any relevant traits in common bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Arielle Mendes Ribeiro Valdisser
- Biotechnology Laboratory, EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, Brazil
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bárbara S. F. Müller
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | | | | | | | - Tereza C. O. Borba
- Biotechnology Laboratory, EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, Brazil
| | - Isabela Pavanelli de Souza
- Biotechnology Laboratory, EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Maria Imaculada Zucchi
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
- Agribusiness Technology Agency of São Paulo State, Agriculture and Food Supply Secretary of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Claudio Brondani
- Biotechnology Laboratory, EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, Brazil
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Iezzoni AF, McFerson J, Luby J, Gasic K, Whitaker V, Bassil N, Yue C, Gallardo K, McCracken V, Coe M, Hardner C, Zurn JD, Hokanson S, van de Weg E, Jung S, Main D, da Silva Linge C, Vanderzande S, Davis TM, Mahoney LL, Finn C, Peace C. RosBREED: bridging the chasm between discovery and application to enable DNA-informed breeding in rosaceous crops. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:177. [PMID: 33328430 PMCID: PMC7603521 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00398-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Rosaceae crop family (including almond, apple, apricot, blackberry, peach, pear, plum, raspberry, rose, strawberry, sweet cherry, and sour cherry) provides vital contributions to human well-being and is economically significant across the U.S. In 2003, industry stakeholder initiatives prioritized the utilization of genomics, genetics, and breeding to develop new cultivars exhibiting both disease resistance and superior horticultural quality. However, rosaceous crop breeders lacked certain knowledge and tools to fully implement DNA-informed breeding-a "chasm" existed between existing genomics and genetic information and the application of this knowledge in breeding. The RosBREED project ("Ros" signifying a Rosaceae genomics, genetics, and breeding community initiative, and "BREED", indicating the core focus on breeding programs), addressed this challenge through a comprehensive and coordinated 10-year effort funded by the USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative. RosBREED was designed to enable the routine application of modern genomics and genetics technologies in U.S. rosaceous crop breeding programs, thereby enhancing their efficiency and effectiveness in delivering cultivars with producer-required disease resistances and market-essential horticultural quality. This review presents a synopsis of the approach, deliverables, and impacts of RosBREED, highlighting synergistic global collaborations and future needs. Enabling technologies and tools developed are described, including genome-wide scanning platforms and DNA diagnostic tests. Examples of DNA-informed breeding use by project participants are presented for all breeding stages, including pre-breeding for disease resistance, parental and seedling selection, and elite selection advancement. The chasm is now bridged, accelerating rosaceous crop genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy F Iezzoni
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Jim McFerson
- Washington State University, Wenatchee, WA, 98801, USA
| | - James Luby
- University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | | | | | | | - Chengyan Yue
- University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Coe
- Cedar Lake Research Group, Portland, OR, 97215, USA
| | | | | | | | - Eric van de Weg
- Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sook Jung
- Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Dorrie Main
- Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Cameron Peace
- Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
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Marimon N, Luque J, Arús P, Eduardo I. Fine mapping and identification of candidate genes for the peach powdery mildew resistance gene Vr3. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:175. [PMID: 33328431 PMCID: PMC7603514 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00396-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew is one of the major diseases of peach (Prunus persica), caused by the ascomycete Podosphaera pannosa. Currently, it is controlled through calendar-based fungicide treatments starting at petal fall, but an alternative is to develop resistant peach varieties. Previous studies mapped a resistance gene (Vr3) in interspecific populations between almond ('Texas') and peach ('Earlygold'). To obtain molecular markers highly linked to Vr3 and to reduce the number of candidate genes, we fine-mapped Vr3 to a genomic region of 270 kb with 27 annotated genes. To find evidence supporting one of these positional candidate genes as being responsible of Vr3, we analyzed the polymorphisms of the resequences of both parents and used near-isogenic lines (NILs) for expression analysis of the positional candidate genes in symptomatic or asymptomatic leaves. Genes differentially expressed between resistant and susceptible individuals were annotated as a Disease Resistance Protein RGA2 (Prupe2G111700) or an Eceriferum 1 protein involved in epicuticular wax biosynthesis (Prupe2G112800). Only Prupe2G111700 contained a variant predicted to have a disruptive effect on the encoded protein, and was overexpressed in both heterozygous and homozygous individuals containing the Vr3 almond allele, compared with susceptible individuals. This information was also useful to identify and validate molecular markers tightly linked and flanking Vr3. In addition, the NILs used in this work will facilitate the introgression of this gene into peach elite materials, alone or pyramided with other known resistance genes such as peach powdery mildew resistance gene Vr2.
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Grants
- RTA2015-00050-00-00 Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España (Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad)
- RTA2013-00004-C03-01 Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España (Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad)
- RTA2013-00004-C03-01 Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España (Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad)
- RTA2015-00050-00-00 Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España (Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad)
- COTPA-FRUIT3CAT Generalitat de Catalunya (Government of Catalonia)
- SEV-2015-0533 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness)
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Marimon
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), Barcelona, Spain
- Plant Pathology, IRTA Cabrils, Carretera de Cabrils km 2, 08348, Cabrils, Spain
| | - Jordi Luque
- Plant Pathology, IRTA Cabrils, Carretera de Cabrils km 2, 08348, Cabrils, Spain
| | - Pere Arús
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iban Eduardo
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
- IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), Barcelona, Spain.
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Cirilli M, Micali S, Aranzana MJ, Arús P, Babini A, Barreneche T, Bink M, Cantin CM, Ciacciulli A, Cos-Terrer JE, Drogoudi P, Eduardo I, Foschi S, Giovannini D, Guerra W, Liverani A, Pacheco I, Pascal T, Quilot-Turion B, Verde I, Rossini L, Bassi D. The Multisite PeachRefPop Collection: A True Cultural Heritage and International Scientific Tool for Fruit Trees. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 184:632-646. [PMID: 32727910 PMCID: PMC7536698 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a range of adaptive mechanisms that adjust their development and physiology to variable external conditions, particularly in perennial species subjected to long-term interplay with the environment. Exploiting the allelic diversity within available germplasm and leveraging the knowledge of the mechanisms regulating genotype interaction with the environment are crucial to address climatic challenges and assist the breeding of novel cultivars with improved resilience. The development of multisite collections is of utmost importance for the conservation and utilization of genetic materials and will greatly facilitate the dissection of genotype-by-environment interaction. Such resources are still lacking for perennial trees, especially with the intrinsic difficulties of successful propagation, material exchange, and living collection maintenance. This work describes the concept, design, and realization of the first multisite peach (Prunus persica) reference collection (PeachRefPop) located across different European countries and sharing the same experimental design. Other than an invaluable tool for scientific studies in perennial species, PeachRefPop provides a milestone in an international collaborative project for the conservation and exploitation of European peach germplasm resources and, ultimately, as a true heritage for future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cirilli
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Micali
- Consiglio Per La Ricerca In Agricoltura E L'analisi Dell'Economia Agraria, Research Centre for Olive, Fruit, and Citrus Crops, 00134 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria José Aranzana
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Campus UAB, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Arús
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Campus UAB, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Annarosa Babini
- Phytosanitary Service, Regione Emilia-Romagna, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - Teresa Barreneche
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Marco Bink
- Hendrix Genetics Research, Technology, and Services, 5830 AC Boxmeer, The Netherlands
| | - Celia M Cantin
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Campus UAB, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angelo Ciacciulli
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Pavlina Drogoudi
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization 'Demeter', Department of Deciduous Fruit Trees, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, 59200 Naoussa, Greece
| | - Iban Eduardo
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Campus UAB, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefano Foschi
- Centro Ricerche Produzioni Vegetali, 47522 Cesena, Italy
| | - Daniela Giovannini
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L'Analisi Del'Economia Agraria, Research Centre for Olive, Fruit, and Citrus Crops, 47121 Forlì, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Liverani
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L'Analisi Del'Economia Agraria, Research Centre for Olive, Fruit, and Citrus Crops, 47121 Forlì, Italy
| | - Igor Pacheco
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, 7830490 Macul, Chile
| | - Thierry Pascal
- Institut National de Recherche pour L'Agriculture, L'Alimentation et L'Environnement, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, F-84143 Montfavet, France
| | - Benedicte Quilot-Turion
- Institut National de Recherche pour L'Agriculture, L'Alimentation et L'Environnement, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, F-84143 Montfavet, France
| | - Ignazio Verde
- Consiglio Per La Ricerca In Agricoltura E L'analisi Dell'Economia Agraria, Research Centre for Olive, Fruit, and Citrus Crops, 00134 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Rossini
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Bassi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Lara MV, Bonghi C, Famiani F, Vizzotto G, Walker RP, Drincovich MF. Stone Fruit as Biofactories of Phytochemicals With Potential Roles in Human Nutrition and Health. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:562252. [PMID: 32983215 PMCID: PMC7492728 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.562252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemicals or secondary metabolites present in fruit are key components contributing to sensory attributes like aroma, taste, and color. In addition, these compounds improve human nutrition and health. Stone fruits are an important source of an array of secondary metabolites that may reduce the risk of different diseases. The first part of this review is dedicated to the description of the main secondary organic compounds found in plants which include (a) phenolic compounds, (b) terpenoids/isoprenoids, and (c) nitrogen or sulfur containing compounds, and their principal biosynthetic pathways and their regulation in stone fruit. Then, the type and levels of bioactive compounds in different stone fruits of the Rosaceae family such as peach (Prunus persica), plum (P. domestica, P. salicina and P. cerasifera), sweet cherries (P. avium), almond kernels (P. dulcis, syn. P. amygdalus), and apricot (P. armeniaca) are presented. The last part of this review encompasses pre- and postharvest treatments affecting the phytochemical composition in stone fruit. Appropriate management of these factors during pre- and postharvest handling, along with further characterization of phytochemicals and the regulation of their synthesis in different cultivars, could help to increase the levels of these compounds, leading to the future improvement of stone fruit not only to enhance organoleptic characteristics but also to benefit human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Valeria Lara
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Claudio Bonghi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova Agripolis, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Franco Famiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giannina Vizzotto
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental, and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Robert P. Walker
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - María Fabiana Drincovich
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
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48
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Eduardo I, Alegre S, Alexiou KG, Arús P. Resynthesis: Marker-Based Partial Reconstruction of Elite Genotypes in Clonally-Reproducing Plant Species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1205. [PMID: 32849747 PMCID: PMC7427350 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We propose a method for marker-based selection of cultivars of clonally-reproducing plant species which keeps the basic genetic architecture of a top-performing cultivar (usually a partly heterozygous genotype), with the addition of some agronomically relevant differences (such as production time, product appearance or quality), providing added value to the product or cultivation process. The method is based on selecting a) two complementary nearly-inbred lines from successive selfing generations (ideally only F2 and F3) of large size, that may generate individuals with most of their genome identical to the original cultivar but being homozygous for either of the two component haplotypes in the rest, and b) individuals with such characteristics already occurring in the F2. Option a) allows for introgressing genes from other individuals in one or both of these nearly-inbred lines. Peach, a woody-perennial, clonally-reproduced species, was chosen as a model for a proof of concept of the Resynthesis process due to its biological characteristics: self-compatibility, compact and genetically well-known genome, low recombination rates and relatively short intergeneration time (3-4 years). From 416 F2 seedlings from cultivar Sweet Dream (SD), we obtained seven individuals with 76-94% identity with SD, and selected five pairs of complementary lines with average homozygosity of the two parents ≥0.70 such that crossing would produce some individuals highly similar to SD. The application of this scheme to other species with more complex genomes or biological features, including its generalization to F1 hybrids, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iban Eduardo
- IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Simó Alegre
- IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), Barcelona, Spain
- Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Konstantinos G. Alexiou
- IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Arús
- IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
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49
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Wang J, Liu W, Zhu D, Hong P, Zhang S, Xiao S, Tan Y, Chen X, Xu L, Zong X, Zhang L, Wei H, Yuan X, Liu Q. Chromosome-scale genome assembly of sweet cherry ( Prunus avium L.) cv. Tieton obtained using long-read and Hi-C sequencing. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:122. [PMID: 32821405 PMCID: PMC7395734 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Sweet cherry (Prunus avium) is an economically significant fruit species in the genus Prunus. However, in contrast to other important fruit trees in this genus, only one draft genome assembly is available for sweet cherry, which was assembled using only Illumina short-read sequences. The incompleteness and low quality of the current sweet cherry draft genome limit its use in genetic and genomic studies. A high-quality chromosome-scale sweet cherry reference genome assembly is therefore needed. A total of 65.05 Gb of Oxford Nanopore long reads and 46.24 Gb of Illumina short reads were generated, representing ~190x and 136x coverage, respectively, of the sweet cherry genome. The final de novo assembly resulted in a phased haplotype assembly of 344.29 Mb with a contig N50 of 3.25 Mb. Hi-C scaffolding of the genome resulted in eight pseudochromosomes containing 99.59% of the bases in the assembled genome. Genome annotation revealed that more than half of the genome (59.40%) was composed of repetitive sequences, and 40,338 protein-coding genes were predicted, 75.40% of which were functionally annotated. With the chromosome-scale assembly, we revealed that gene duplication events contributed to the expansion of gene families for salicylic acid/jasmonic acid carboxyl methyltransferase and ankyrin repeat-containing proteins in the genome of sweet cherry. Four auxin-responsive genes (two GH3s and two SAURs) were induced in the late stage of fruit development, indicating that auxin is crucial for the sweet cherry ripening process. In addition, 772 resistance genes were identified and functionally predicted in the sweet cherry genome. The high-quality genome assembly of sweet cherry obtained in this study will provide valuable genomic resources for sweet cherry improvement and molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Fruit Biotechnology Breeding, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong 271000 China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070 China
| | - Dongzi Zhu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Fruit Biotechnology Breeding, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong 271000 China
| | - Po Hong
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Fruit Biotechnology Breeding, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong 271000 China
| | - Shizhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018 China
| | - Shijun Xiao
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070 China
- Gooal Gene, Wuhan, Hubei 430070 China
| | - Yue Tan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Fruit Biotechnology Breeding, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong 271000 China
| | - Xin Chen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Fruit Biotechnology Breeding, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong 271000 China
| | - Li Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Fruit Biotechnology Breeding, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong 271000 China
| | - Xiaojuan Zong
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Fruit Biotechnology Breeding, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong 271000 China
| | - Lisi Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Fruit Biotechnology Breeding, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong 271000 China
| | - Hairong Wei
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Fruit Biotechnology Breeding, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong 271000 China
| | - Xiaohui Yuan
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070 China
| | - Qingzhong Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Fruit Biotechnology Breeding, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong 271000 China
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Calle A, Wünsch A. Multiple-population QTL mapping of maturity and fruit-quality traits reveals LG4 region as a breeding target in sweet cherry ( Prunus avium L.). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:127. [PMID: 32821410 PMCID: PMC7395078 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00349-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Sweet cherry maturity date and fruit quality are relevant traits for its marketability, transport, and consumer acceptance. In this work, sweet cherry fruit development time, maturity date, and commercial fruit-quality traits (size, weight, firmness, soluble solid content, and titratable acidity) were investigated to improve the knowledge of their genetic control, and to identify alleles of breeding interest. Six sweet cherry populations segregating for these traits were used for QTL analyses. These populations descend from cross- and self-pollinations of local Spanish sweet cherries 'Ambrunés' and 'Cristobalina', and breed cultivars ('Brooks', 'Lambert', or 'Vic'). The six populations (n = 411), previously genotyped with RosBREED Cherry 6 K SNP array, were phenotyped for 2 years. QTL analyses were conducted using a multifamily approach implemented by FlexQTL™. Fruit development time, soluble solid content, and titratable acidity QTLs are first reported in sweet cherry in this work. Significant QTLs were detected for all the traits. Eighteen were more stable as they were detected for 2 years. Of these, nine are first reported in this work. The major QTLs for fruit development time, maturity date, firmness, and soluble solid content were identified on the same narrow region of linkage group 4. These traits also showed significant positive correlation (long fruit development time associated with late maturity, high firmness, and high SSC). NAC transcription factor genes identified on this LG4 region may be candidate genes for the regulation of these traits in sweet cherry, as previously described in syntenic regions of other Rosaceae species. Haplotypes of breeding interest on this LG4 genomic region were identified and will be useful for sweet cherry breeding from this and related plant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Calle
- Unidad de Hortofruticultura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA). Avda. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Wünsch
- Unidad de Hortofruticultura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA). Avda. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
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