1
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Xu X, Wang W, Du Y, Wang Z, Liu X, Tan M, Lin X, Xu J, Cai C, Qi X, Xu Q, Wei A, Fu H, Du S, Mackenzie SA, Wang Y, Chen X, Yang X. A single-nucleotide substitution in the leucine-rich-repeat-only gene CsLRR1 confers powdery mildew resistance in cucumber. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100774. [PMID: 38018036 PMCID: PMC10943539 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Xu
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221131, China
| | - Yujiao Du
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Xueli Liu
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Ming Tan
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Xiaojian Lin
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Congxi Cai
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Xiaohua Qi
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Aimin Wei
- Tianjin Vegetable Research Center, Vegetable Research Institute of Tianjin Kernel Agricultural Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Jinjing Road, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Haipeng Fu
- Tianjin Vegetable Research Center, Vegetable Research Institute of Tianjin Kernel Agricultural Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Jinjing Road, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Shengli Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Sally A Mackenzie
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yuhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
| | - Xuehao Chen
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin 300381, China.
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
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Dong S, Liu X, Han J, Miao H, Beckles DM, Bai Y, Liu X, Guan J, Yang R, Gu X, Sun J, Yang X, Zhang S. CsMLO8/11 are required for full susceptibility of cucumber stem to powdery mildew and interact with CsCRK2 and CsRbohD. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhad295. [PMID: 38404593 PMCID: PMC10894460 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Powdery mildew (PM) is one of the most destructive diseases that threaten cucumber production globally. Efficient breeding of novel PM-resistant cultivars will require a robust understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cucumber resistance against PM. Using a genome-wide association study, we detected a locus significantly correlated with PM resistance in cucumber stem, pm-s5.1. A 1449-bp insertion in the CsMLO8 coding region at the pm-s5.1 locus resulted in enhanced stem PM resistance. Knockout mutants of CsMLO8 and CsMLO11 generated by CRISPR/Cas9 both showed improved PM resistance in the stem, hypocotyl, and leaves, and the double mutant mlo8mlo11 displayed even stronger resistance. We found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was higher in the stem of these mutants. Protein interaction assays suggested that CsMLO8 and CsMLO11 could physically interact with CsRbohD and CsCRK2, respectively. Further, we showed that CsMLO8 and CsCRK2 competitively interact with the C-terminus of CsRbohD to affect CsCRK2-CsRbohD module-mediated ROS production during PM defense. These findings provide new insights into the understanding of CsMLO proteins during PM defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Jianan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Han Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Diane M Beckles
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, One Shield Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yuling Bai
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Jiantao Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Ruizhen Yang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Xingfang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Jiaqiang Sun
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Xueyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Shengping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
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Tek MI, Calis O, Fidan H, Shah MD, Celik S, Wani SH. CRISPR/Cas9 based mlo-mediated resistance against Podosphaera xanthii in cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1081506. [PMID: 36600929 PMCID: PMC9806270 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1081506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildews (PM) are common and severe pathogen groups that threaten plants, and PM resistance is complex and polygenic in cucumbers. Previously mlo-based resistance was reported in various plants, including cucumber, with generated loss-of CsaMLO function mutants. However, mlo-based resistance in cucumber is also complex and involves additional mechanisms such as hypersensitive response (HR) and papillae formation. For this reason, we focused on determining the mlo-based powdery mildew resistance mechanism in cucumber. CRISPR/Cas9 was used in the present study to generate loss-of-function mutants for CsaMLO1, CsaMLO8, and CsaMLO11 of PM susceptible ADR27 cucumber inbred lines and CsaMLO mutants were obtained and validated. Trypan Blue and DAB staining were performed to detect Podosphaera xanthii germination/penetration rates and accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Our results indicate that PM-susceptibility associated CsaMLOs in cucumber are negative regulators in different defense mechanisms against powdery mildew at early and late stages of infection. Further, the experiment results indicated that CsaMLO8 mutation-based resistance was associated with the pre-invasive response, while CsaMLO1 and CsaMLO11 could be negative regulators in the post-invasive defense response in cucumber against P. xanthii. Although the loss-of CsaMLO8 function confers the highest penetration resistance, CsaMLO1 and CsaMLO11 double mutations could be potential candidates for HR-based resistance against PM pathogen in cucumber. These results highlighted the crucial role of CRISPR/Cas9 to develop PM resistant cucumber cultivars, possessing strong pre-invasive defense with CsaMLO8 or post-invasive with CsaMLO1/CsaMLO11 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumin Ibrahim Tek
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Ozer Calis
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Hakan Fidan
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Mehraj D. Shah
- Plant Virology and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sefanur Celik
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Shabir Hussain Wani
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Khudwani, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Tian J, Zhang G, Zhang F, Ma J, Wen C, Li H. Genome-Wide Identification of Powdery Mildew Responsive Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cucurbita pepo. Front Genet 2022; 13:933022. [PMID: 35846119 PMCID: PMC9283782 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.933022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cucurbita pepo L. is an essential economic vegetable crop worldwide, and its production is severely affected by powdery mildew (PM). However, our understanding of the molecular mechanism of PM resistance in C. pepo is very limited. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in regulating plant responses to biotic stress. Here, we systematically identified 2,363 reliably expressed lncRNAs from the leaves of PM-susceptible (PS) and PM-resistant (PR) C. pepo. The C. pepo lncRNAs are shorter in length and expressed at a lower level than the protein-coding transcripts. Among the 2,363 lncRNAs, a total of 113 and 146 PM-responsive lncRNAs were identified in PS and PR, respectively. Six PM-responsive lncRNAs were predicted as potential precursors of microRNAs (miRNAs). In addition, 58 PM-responsive lncRNAs were predicted as targets of miRNAs and one PM-responsive lncRNA was predicted as an endogenous target mimic (eTM). Furthermore, a total of 5,200 potential cis target genes and 5,625 potential trans target genes were predicted for PM-responsive lncRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these potential target genes are involved in different biological processes, such as the plant-pathogen interaction pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and plant hormone signal transduction pathway. Taken together, this study provides a comprehensive view of C. pepo lncRNAs and explores the putative functions of PM-responsive lncRNAs, thus laying the foundation for further study of the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs responding to PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Tian
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Guoyu Zhang
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Changlong Wen
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Haizhen Li
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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5
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Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals the Impact of Cold Stress on Alternative Splicing in Quinoa. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105724. [PMID: 35628539 PMCID: PMC9144462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Quinoa is a cold-resistant and nutrient-rich crop. To decipher the cold stress response of quinoa, the full-length transcriptomes of the cold-resistant quinoa variety CRQ64 and the cold-sensitive quinoa variety CSQ5 were compared. We identified 55,389 novel isoforms and 6432 novel genes in these transcriptomes. Under cold stress, CRQ64 had more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially alternative splicing events compared to non-stress conditions than CSQ5. DEGs that were specifically present only in CRQ64 were significantly enriched in processes which contribute to osmoregulation and ROS homeostasis in plants, such as sucrose metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. More genes with differential alternative splicing under cold stress were enriched in peroxidase functions in CRQ64. In total, 5988 transcription factors and 2956 long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) were detected in this dataset. Many of these had altered expression patterns under cold stress compared to non-stress conditions. Our transcriptome results demonstrate that CRQ64 undergoes a wider stress response than CSQ5 under cold stress. Our results improved the annotation of the quinoa genome and provide new insight into the mechanisms of cold resistance in quinoa.
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He Y, Wei M, Yan Y, Yu C, Cheng S, Sun Y, Zhu X, Wei L, Wang H, Miao L. Research Advances in Genetic Mechanisms of Major Cucumber Diseases Resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:862486. [PMID: 35665153 PMCID: PMC9161162 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.862486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an important economic vegetable crop worldwide that is susceptible to various common pathogens, including powdery mildew (PM), downy mildew (DM), and Fusarium wilt (FM). In cucumber breeding programs, identifying disease resistance and related molecular markers is generally a top priority. PM, DM, and FW are the major diseases of cucumber in China that cause severe yield losses and the genetic-based cucumber resistance against these diseases has been developed over the last decade. Still, the molecular mechanisms of cucumber disease resistance remain unclear. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the inheritance, molecular markers, and quantitative trait locus mapping of cucumber PM, DM, and FM resistance. In addition, several candidate genes, such as PM, DM, and FM resistance genes, with or without functional verification are reviewed. The data help to reveal the molecular mechanisms of cucumber disease resistance and provide exciting new opportunities for further resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin He
- Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Control of Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingming Wei
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization of Rubber Tree, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Cultivation and Physiology for Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Yan
- Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Control of Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Control of Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Control of Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yihan Sun
- Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Control of Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangtao Zhu
- College of Jiyang, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Zhuji, China
| | - Lingling Wei
- Institute of Ecological Civilization, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huasen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Control of Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization of Rubber Tree, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Cultivation and Physiology for Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, China
| | - Li Miao
- Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Control of Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang D, Wu S, Li N, Gao J, Liu S, Zhu S, Li Z, Ren G, Kuai B. Chemical induction of leaf senescence and powdery mildew resistance involves ethylene-mediated chlorophyll degradation and ROS metabolism in cucumber. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac101. [PMID: 35795391 PMCID: PMC9250653 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Timely initiation of leaf senescence is an integral part of plant development and, importantly, an adaptive strategy by which plants cope with various stresses, e.g. to limit the spread of pathogens. Powdery mildew is a major cucumber disease that promotes the initiation/progression of leaf senescence and reduces leaf photosynthesis, resulting in severe losses of yield and quality. However, how powdery mildew induces leaf senescence and how cucumber plants respond to enhance their resistance remain unclear. Here, with established agrochemical induction and pathogen inoculation systems, we demonstrate that both probenazole (PBZ) and powdery mildew activate ethylene (ET) biosynthesis and signal transduction, consequently promoting leaf senescence and enhancing plant resistance to powdery mildew through CsEIN3 to directly upregulate the expression of CsCCGs and CsRBOHs. Our analysis convincingly suggests that the regulation of leaf senescence and powdery mildew resistance is interconnected and mediated mainly by ET in cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shengdong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Fudan Center for Genetic Diversity and Designing Agriculture, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | | | - Jiong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Fudan Center for Genetic Diversity and Designing Agriculture, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shihui Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Shuai Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Fudan Center for Genetic Diversity and Designing Agriculture, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zilin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Fudan Center for Genetic Diversity and Designing Agriculture, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Wang C, Liu N, Geng Z, Ji M, Wang S, Zhuang Y, Wang D, He G, Zhao S, Zhou G, Chai G. Integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis reveals brassinosteroid-mediated regulation of cambium initiation and patterning in woody stem. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:6497794. [PMID: 35031795 PMCID: PMC8788366 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhab048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Wood formation involves sequential developmental events requiring the coordination of multiple hormones. Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a key role in wood development, but little is known about the cellular and molecular processes that underlie wood formation in tree species. Here, we generated transgenic poplar lines with edited PdBRI1 genes, which are orthologs of Arabidopsis vascular-enriched BR receptors, and showed how inhibition of BR signaling influences wood development at the mRNA and/or proteome level. Six Populus PdBRI1 genes formed three gene pairs, each of which was highly expressed in basal stems. Simultaneous mutation of PdBRI1-1, -2, -3 and - 6, which are orthologs of the Arabidopsis vascular-enriched BR receptors BRI1, BRL1 and BRL3, resulted in severe growth defects. In particular, the stems of these mutant lines displayed a discontinuous cambial ring and patterning defects in derived secondary vascular tissues. Abnormal cambial formation within the cortical parenchyma was also observed in the stems of pdbri1-1;2;3;6. Transgenic poplar plants expressing edited versions of PdBRI1-1 or PdBRI1-1;2;6 exhibited phenotypic alterations in stem development at 4.5 months of growth, indicating that there is functional redundancy among these PdBRI1 genes. Integrated analysis of the transcriptome and proteome of pdbri1-1;2;3;6 stems revealed differential expression of a number of genes/proteins associated with wood development and hormones. Concordant (16%) and discordant (84%) regulation of mRNA and protein expression, including wood-associated mRNA/protein expression, was found in pdbri1-1;2;3;6 stems. This study found a dual role of BRs in procambial cell division and xylem differentiation and provides insights into the multiple layers of gene regulation that contribute to wood formation in Populus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congpeng Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying 257000, China
| | - Naixu Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhao Geng
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Meijing Ji
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yamei Zhuang
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Dian Wang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Guo He
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Shutang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Gongke Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying 257000, China
- Corresponding authors. E-mail: ,
| | - Guohua Chai
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying 257000, China
- Corresponding authors. E-mail: ,
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Identification of Susceptibility Genes for Fusarium oxysporum in Cucumber via Comparative Proteomic Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111781. [PMID: 34828387 PMCID: PMC8623666 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt (FW) in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (Foc), poses a major threat to cucumber growth and productivity. However, lack of available natural resistance resources for FW restricts the breeding of resistant cultivars via conventional approaches. Susceptibility (S) genes in susceptible host plants facilitate infection by the pathogen and contribute to susceptibility. Loss of function of these S genes might provide broad-spectrum and durable disease resistance. Here, we screened S genes via comparative proteomic analysis between cucumber cultivars Rijiecheng and Superina, which exhibited resistance and high -susceptibility to FW, respectively. We identified 210 and 243 differentially regulated proteins (DRPs) in the Rijiecheng and Superina, respectively, and further found that 32 DRPs were predominantly expressed in Superina and significantly up-regulated after Foc inoculation. Expression verification found that TMEM115 (CsaV3_5G025750), encoding a transmembrane protein, TET8 (CsaV3_2G007840), encoding function as a tetraspanin, TPS10 (CsaV3_2G017980) encoding a terpene synthase, and MGT2 (CsaV3_7G006660), encoding a glycosyltransferase, were significantly induced in both cultivars after Foc infection but were induced to a higher expression level in Superina. These candidate genes might act as negative regulators of FW resistance in cucumber and provide effective FW-susceptibility gene resources for improving cucumber FW resistance through breeding programs.
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Wang Y, Qi C, Luo Y, Zhang F, Dai Z, Li M, Qu S. Identification and mapping of CpPM10.1, a major gene involved in powdery mildew (race 2 France of Podosphaera xanthii) resistance in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:2531-2545. [PMID: 33914112 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03840-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew resistance in zucchini is controlled by one major dominant locus, CpPM10.1. CpPM10.1 was fine mapped. The expression of candidate gene Cp4.1LG10g02780 in resistant individuals was significantly upregulated after inoculation with the powdery mildew. Powdery mildew (PM) is one of the most destructive fungal diseases, reducing the productivity of Cucurbita crops globally. PM influences the photosynthesis, growth and development of infected zucchini and seriously reduces fruit yield and quality. In the present study, the zucchini inbred line 'X10' had highly stable PM resistance, and the inbred line 'Jin234' was highly susceptible to PM in the seedling stage and adult stages. Genetic analysis revealed that PM resistance in 'X10' is controlled by one major dominant locus. Based on the strategy of QTL-seq combined with linkage analysis and developed molecular markers, the major locus was found to be located in a 382.9-kb candidate region on chromosome 10; therefore, the major locus was named CpPM10.1. Using 1,400 F2 individuals derived from a cross between 'X10' and 'JIN234' and F2:3 offspring of the recombinants, the CpPM10.1 locus was defined in a region of approximately 20.9 kb that contained 5 coding genes. Among them, Cp4.1LG10g02780 contained a conserved domain (RPW8), which controls resistance to a broad range of PM pathogens. Cp4.1LG10g02780 also had nonsynonymous SNPs between the resistant 'X10' and susceptible 'Jin234.' Furthermore, the expression of Cp4.1LG10g02780 was strongly positively involved in PM resistance in the key period of inoculation. Further allelic diversity analysis in zucchini germplasm resources indicated that PM resistance was associated with two SNPs in the Cp4.1LG10g02780 RPW8 domain. This study not only provides highly stable PM resistance gene resources for cucurbit crops but also lays the foundation for the functional analysis of PM resistance and resistance breeding in zucchini.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Cong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yusong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zuyun Dai
- Anhui Jianghuai Horticulture Seeds Corporation Limited, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Man Li
- Anhui Jianghuai Horticulture Seeds Corporation Limited, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Shuping Qu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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11
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Gough C, Sadanandom A. Understanding and Exploiting Post-Translational Modifications for Plant Disease Resistance. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1122. [PMID: 34439788 PMCID: PMC8392720 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are constantly threatened by pathogens, so have evolved complex defence signalling networks to overcome pathogen attacks. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are fundamental to plant immunity, allowing rapid and dynamic responses at the appropriate time. PTM regulation is essential; pathogen effectors often disrupt PTMs in an attempt to evade immune responses. Here, we cover the mechanisms of disease resistance to pathogens, and how growth is balanced with defence, with a focus on the essential roles of PTMs. Alteration of defence-related PTMs has the potential to fine-tune molecular interactions to produce disease-resistant crops, without trade-offs in growth and fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ari Sadanandom
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK;
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12
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Bhosle SM, Makandar R. Comparative proteomic analysis reveals molecular differences between incompatible and compatible interaction of Erysiphe pisi in garden pea. Microbiol Res 2021; 248:126736. [PMID: 33740672 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Comparative proteome analysis of Erysiphe pisi-infected pea genotypes; JI-2480 carrying er2 resistant gene and Arkel, the susceptible genotype by liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS QTOF) at 72 h post inoculation (hpi) revealed several differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) of both the host and the pathogen. The functional annotation of proteins through gene enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses revealed strong up-regulation of pathogenesis related protein NPR1, proteins related to defense, transportation and signal transduction, hypersensitive response, cell wall modifications, phenylpropanoid and metabolic pathways in J-72. Significant abundance of membrane-related polypeptides, kinase domains and small GTPase signal transduction-related proteins suggested their major role in plant defense. The abundance of cellular antioxidant protein, catalase and its isozyme along with calreticulin-1 and 2 in J-72 confirmed their intervention in maintaining a redox balance in powdery mildew defense. High abundance levels of Glycolysis-related proteins indicated it as a major pathway for energy source during fungal growth. The majority of pathogenicity and virulence genes were downregulated in J-72 compared to A-72, while four EKA (Effectors homologues to Avk1 and Avra10) like avirulence proteins were significantly upregulated in incompatible interaction suggesting their role in eliciting hypersensitive response in pea against E. pisi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal M Bhosle
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C.R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Ragiba Makandar
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C.R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
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13
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Fujita K, Inui H. Review: Biological functions of major latex-like proteins in plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 306:110856. [PMID: 33775363 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Major latex-like proteins (MLPs) have been identified in dicots and monocots. They are members of the birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 family as well as pathogenesis-related proteins class 10. MLPs have two main features. One is binding affinity toward various hydrophobic compounds, such as long-chain fatty acids, steroids, and systemic acquired resistance signals, via its internal hydrophobic cavity or hydrophobic residues on its surface. MLPs transport such compounds to other organs via phloem and xylem vessels and contribute to the expression of physiologically important ligands' activity in the particular organs. The second feature is responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. MLPs are involved in drought and salt tolerance through the mediation of plant hormone signaling pathways. MLPs generate resistance against pathogens by the induction of pathogenesis-related protein genes. Therefore, MLPs play crucial roles in drought and salt tolerance and resistance against pathogens. However, knowledge of MLPs is fragmented, and an overview of them is needed. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge of the biological functions of MLPs, which to our knowledge, is the first review about MLPs that has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Fujita
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Inui
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan; Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
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14
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Liu GT, Wang BB, Lecourieux D, Li MJ, Liu MB, Liu RQ, Shang BX, Yin X, Wang LJ, Lecourieux F, Xu Y. Proteomic analysis of early-stage incompatible and compatible interactions between grapevine and P. viticola. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:100. [PMID: 33931609 PMCID: PMC8087781 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00533-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Wild grapevines can show strong resistance to the downy mildew pathogen P. viticola, but the associated mechanisms are poorly described, especially at early stages of infection. Here, we performed comparative proteomic analyses of grapevine leaves from the resistant genotype V. davidii "LiuBa-8" (LB) and susceptible V. vinifera "Pinot Noir" (PN) 12 h after inoculation with P. viticola. By employing the iTRAQ technique, a total of 444 and 349 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in LB and PN, respectively. The majority of these DEPs were related to photosynthesis, respiration, cell wall modification, protein metabolism, stress, and redox homeostasis. Compared with PN, LB showed fewer downregulated proteins associated with photosynthesis and more upregulated proteins associated with metabolism. At least a subset of PR proteins (PR10.2 and PR10.3) was upregulated upon inoculation in both genotypes, whereas HSP (HSP70.2 and HSP90.6) and cell wall-related XTH and BXL1 proteins were specifically upregulated in LB and PN, respectively. In the incompatible interaction, ROS signaling was evident by the accumulation of H2O2, and multiple APX and GST proteins were upregulated. These DEPs may play crucial roles in the grapevine response to downy mildew. Our results provide new insights into molecular events associated with downy mildew resistance in grapevine, which may be exploited to develop novel protection strategies against this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Tian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- UMR1287 EGFV, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Bian-Bian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - David Lecourieux
- UMR1287 EGFV, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Mei-Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ming-Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Rui-Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bo-Xing Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Li-Jun Wang
- Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fatma Lecourieux
- UMR1287 EGFV, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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15
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Słomnicka R, Olczak-Woltman H, Sobczak M, Bartoszewski G. Transcriptome Profiling of Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) Early Response to Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084192. [PMID: 33919557 PMCID: PMC8072787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial angular leaf spot disease (ALS) caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans (Psl) is one of the biological factors limiting cucumber open-field production. The goal of this study was to characterize cytological and transcriptomic response of cucumber to this pathogen. Plants of two inbred lines, B10 (susceptible) and Gy14 (resistant), were grown, and leaves were inoculated with highly virulent Psl strain 814/98 under growth chamber conditions. Microscopic and transcriptional evaluations were performed at three time points: before, 1 and 3 days post inoculation (dpi). Investigated lines showed distinct response to Psl. At 1 dpi bacterial colonies were surrounded by necrotized mesophyll cells. At 3 dpi, in the susceptible B10 line bacteria were in contact with degraded cells, whereas cells next to bacteria in the resistant Gy14 line were plasmolyzed, but apparently still alive and functional. Additionally, the level of H2O2 production was higher in resistant Gy14 plants than in B10 at both examined time points. In RNA sequencing more than 18,800 transcripts were detected in each sample. As many as 1648 and 2755 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 1 dpi as well as 2992 and 3141 DEGs at 3 dpi were identified in B10 and Gy14, respectively. DEGs were characterized in terms of functional categories. Resistant line Gy14 showed massive transcriptomic response to Psl at 1 dpi compared to susceptible line B10, while a similar number of DEGs was detected for both lines at 3 dpi. This suggests that dynamic transcriptomic response to the invading pathogen may be related with host resistance. This manuscript provides the first transcriptomic data on cucumber infected with the pathovar lachrymans and helps to elucidate resistance mechanism against ALS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Słomnicka
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (R.S.); (H.O.-W.)
| | - Helena Olczak-Woltman
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (R.S.); (H.O.-W.)
| | - Mirosław Sobczak
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Bartoszewski
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (R.S.); (H.O.-W.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Zhang P, Zhu Y, Zhou S. Comparative analysis of powdery mildew resistant and susceptible cultivated cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) varieties to reveal the metabolic responses to Sphaerotheca fuliginea infection. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:24. [PMID: 33413112 PMCID: PMC7791650 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02797-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a widely planted vegetable crop that suffers from various pathogen infections. Powdery mildew (PM) is typical disease caused by Sphaerotheca fuliginea infection and destroys the production of cucumber. However, the metabolic responses to S. fuliginea infection are largely unknown. RESULTS In our study, a PM resistant variety 'BK2' and a susceptible variety 'H136' were used to screen differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under S. fuliginea infection. Most of DEGs and DAMs were enriched in several primary and secondary metabolic pathways, including flavonoid, hormone, fatty acid and diterpenoid metabolisms. Our data showed that many flavonoid-related metabolites were significantly accumulated in BK2 rather than H136, suggesting an essential role of flavonoids in formation of resistant quality. Changes in expression of CYP73A, CYP81E1, CHS, F3H, HCT and F3'M genes provided a probable explanation for the differential accumulation of flavonoid-related metabolites. Interestingly, more hormone-related DEGs were detected in BK2 compared to H136, suggesting a violent response of hormone signaling pathways in the PM-resistant variety. The number of fatty acid metabolism-related DAMs in H136 was larger than that in BK2, indicating an active fatty acid metabolism in the PM-susceptible variety. CONCLUSIONS Many differentially expressed transcription factor genes were identified under S. fuliginea infection, providing some potential regulators for the improvement of PM resistance. PM resistance of cucumber was controlled by a complex network consisting of various hormonal and metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqiang Zhu
- Institute of Vegetable, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengjun Zhou
- Institute of Vegetable, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Haonan C, Zhuo D, Chao F, Zicheng Z, Hao Z, Peng G, Feishi L. Genetic Mapping and Nucleotide Diversity of Two Powdery Mildew Resistance Loci in Melon ( Cucumis melo). PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2020; 110:1970-1979. [PMID: 32633697 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-03-20-0078-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew (PM) significantly and negatively affects the yield and quality of melon (Cucumis melo) worldwide. Race 2F is the predominant physiological race of the pathogen Podosphaera xanthii in many regions. We used accessions PMR 6 (P1; resistant to PM) and M1-7 (P2; susceptible to PM) to analyze the inheritance of resistance to PM (race 2F). The ratio between resistant and susceptible individuals fits a Mendelian segregation ratio of 13:3 in a total of 256 F2 individuals and 1:1 in BC1P2. The resistance to PM in PMR 6 was governed by two genes: a dominant (AA) gene with an epistatic effect and a recessive gene (bb). Only individuals with aaBB or aaBb genotypes were susceptible to PM. Two PM resistance loci, Pm2.1 and pm12.1, were mapped on chromosomes 2 and 12 by bulked segregant analysis and secondary mapping by quantitative trait loci analysis with 18 markers. A new marker-assisted selection system to identify melon genotypes resistant or susceptible to PM was developed and tested in 93 melon accessions. Nucleotide diversity (π) and fixation index (Fst) for the two PM resistance loci were estimated using resequencing data of 336 melons from three groups: C. melo subsp. agrestis, Cucumis melo subsp. melo, and the intermediate type. The lowest π was observed in C. melo ssp. agrestis, and the highest Fst value was between C. melo ssp. agrestis and C. melo ssp. melo. The findings provide a promising tool that can be used to accelerate breeding for durable resistance to PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Haonan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
| | - Ding Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
| | - Fan Chao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
| | - Zhu Zicheng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
| | - Zhang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
| | - Gao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
| | - Luan Feishi
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
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18
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Zhou X, Cui J, Cui H, Jiang N, Hou X, Liu S, Gao P, Luan Y, Meng J, Luan F. Identification of lncRNAs and their regulatory relationships with target genes and corresponding miRNAs in melon response to powdery mildew fungi. Gene 2020; 735:144403. [PMID: 32004668 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Melon (Cucumis melo L.), an economically beneficial crop widely cultivated around the world, is vulnerable to powdery mildew (PM). However, the studies on molecular mechanism of melon response to PM fungi is still limited. Long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as new regulators in plants response to biotic stresses. We predicted and identified the intricate regulatory roles of lncRNAs in melon response to PM fungi. A total of 539 lncRNAs were identified from PM-resistant (MR-1) and susceptible melon (Top Mark), in which 254 were significantly altered after PM fungi infection. Multiple target genes of lncRNAs were found to be involved in the hydrolysis of chitin, callose deposition and cell wall thickening, plant-pathogen interaction and plant hormone signal transduction pathway. Additionally, a total of 42 lncRNAs possess the various functions with microRNAs (miRNAs), including lncRNAs that are targeted by miRNAs and function as miRNA precursors or miRNA sponges. These findings provide a comprehensive view of potentially functional lncRNAs, corresponding target genes and related lncRNA-miRNA pairs, which will greatly increase our knowledge of the mechanism underlying susceptibility and resistance to PM in melon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Zhou
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jun Cui
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Haonan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin 150030, China; College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xinxin Hou
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin 150030, China; College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin 150030, China; College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yushi Luan
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Jun Meng
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Feishi Luan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin 150030, China; College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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