1
|
Van Raaij JJ, Janssen PKC. Possible Pathophysiological Roles of Neurotransmitter Systems in Men With Lifelong Premature Ejaculation: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e41301. [PMID: 36912871 PMCID: PMC10131874 DOI: 10.2196/41301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifelong premature ejaculation (LPE) is a rare sexual condition believed to be caused by genetic neurobiological disorders. In the field of LPE, 2 main types of research have been conducted: direct genetic research and pharmacotherapeutic interference of neurotransmitter systems that can relieve the symptoms of LPE in male patients. OBJECTIVE We aim to provide an overview of studies on neurotransmitter systems as the pathophysiological cause of LPE by investigating direct genetic research or pharmacotherapeutic interference that relieves the main symptom of LPE in male patients. METHODS This scoping review will use the PRISMA-ScR tool (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews). In addition, this study will use a peer-reviewed search strategy. Systematic searches will be conducted using 5 scientific databases (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed or MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature [CINAHL], EMBASE, and Epistemonikos). Additionally, pragmatic searches for relevant information in gray literature databases will be performed. Two reviewers will independently include relevant studies in a 2-stage selection strategy. Finally, data will be extracted from the studies and charted to summarize relevant study characteristics and key findings. RESULTS As of July 2022, we completed the preliminary searches according to the PRESS 2015 guidelines and started to determine the final search terms that we will use in all selected 5 scientific databases. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review protocol is the first to focus on neurotransmitter pathways in LPE by combining the results from the genetic and pharmacotherapy studies. The results could help identify potential research gaps or target candidate proteins and neurotransmitter pathways in LPE for further genetic research. TRIAL REGISTRATION Open Science Framework 10.17605/OSF.IO/JUQSD; https://osf.io/juqsd. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/41301.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joost Johan Van Raaij
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, VieCuri Medical Centre, Venlo, Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Paddy Koen Camiel Janssen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, VieCuri Medical Centre, Venlo, Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gul M, Bocu K, Serefoglu EC. Current and emerging treatment options for premature ejaculation. Nat Rev Urol 2022; 19:659-680. [PMID: 36008555 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-022-00639-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Premature ejaculation (PE) is a prevalent male sexual dysfunction. Current standard treatment regimens include behavioural therapies, topical anaesthetics, dapoxetine and other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Most of the pharmacotherapeutic options target neurotransmitters (such as serotonin and oxytocin) that have a role in the ejaculation mechanism. However, these treatments are mildly effective and only provide a temporary delay in the ejaculation latency time, and PE recurs when the treatment is stopped. Thus, a treatment for PE is urgently needed and research is ongoing to find the ideal PE therapy. The efficacy and safety of topical anaesthetics and SSRIs in delaying ejaculation have been confirmed in many well-designed controlled trials. Both preclinical and clinical studies on new-generation SSRIs are ongoing. Moreover, promising results came from clinical trials in which the efficacy of on-demand PE therapies targeting neurotransmitters other than serotonin, such as α1-adrenoceptor antagonists and oxytocin antagonists, was assessed. Surgical intervention and neuromodulation have been proposed as potential treatment options for PE; however, current PE guidelines do not recommend these treatments owing to safety concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Gul
- Department of Urology, Selcuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Kadir Bocu
- Department of Urology, Silopi State Hospital, Sirnak, Turkey
| | - Ege Can Serefoglu
- Department of Urology, Biruni University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou Z, Yang Z, Cui Y, Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhang Y. The network meta-analysis of "on-demand" and "daily" use of paroxetine in treating men with premature ejaculation from randomized controlled trials. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14388. [PMID: 35122448 DOI: 10.1111/and.14388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This network meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of "on-demand" and "daily" use of paroxetine for patients with premature ejaculation (PE). We searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library from inception to October 2021 to collect randomized controlled trials, and 24 articles including 2, 308 patients were finally involved. The results indicated that paroxetine (daily or on-demand) was superior to placebo at increasing intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT), and 20 mg paroxetine daily was significantly better than fluoxetine and tramadol in improving IELT. Besides, 20 mg paroxetine on-demand was less effective than 20 mg paroxetine on-demand plus phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDEI5) and tramadol monotherapy in increasing IELT. Tramadol monotherapy was more effective than paroxetine monotherapy in improving sexual satisfaction score. Although patients treated with paroxetine had more coitus/week than patients treated with placebo, it was less than patients treated with PDEI5. These findings were robust to sensitivity analyses. The common adverse events related with paroxetine were fatigue, yawning and abnormal sleep (10.96%), gastrointestinal upset (10.80%). The "on-demand" and "daily" use of paroxetine can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of patients with PE and were well tolerated. Combination therapy and tramadol monotherapy can also be used as alternative treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbao Zhou
- Department of Urology, Beijing TianTan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenpeng Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanshan Cui
- Department of Urology, Beijing TianTan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Department of Urology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing TianTan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Althof SE, McMahon CG, Rowland DL. Advances and Missteps in Diagnosing Premature Ejaculation: Analysis and Future Directions. J Sex Med 2022; 19:64-73. [PMID: 34895858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are several problems with diagnostic criteria for premature ejaculation (PE) that lack objectivity, clarity and precision. They hamper accurate determination of PE prevalence estimates, investigations into the etiology of the dysfunction, impact on partners, development of validated Patient Reported Outcomes, regulatory authority oversight, and which men might benefit from specific treatment interventions. AIM We sought to review, analyze and comment on the evolution of the definitions of PE and offer suggestions for future directions for PE definitions. Our goal is to propose strategies whereby the criterion sets are useful to researchers, clinicians and governmental oversight agencies alike and bring harmony and scientific rigor among the conflicting and confusing definitions. METHODS There are several premature ejaculation definitions published in the peer reviewed medical literature. The PUBMED electronic database from 1970 to 2021 was searched for published definitions. Search terms included the medical subject headings of premature ejaculation, definition and diagnosis. In chronological order, Table 1 lists the various diagnosis and criteria sets for PE. We discuss the process by which constructs, which make up diagnostic criteria sets, are operationalized and validated. RESULTS We review definitions of PE beginning with Masters and Johnson's focus on partner orgasmic attainment and move through the nebulous and subjective criterion sets found in the early Diagnostic and Statistical Manuals and International Classification of Disease series, to the more evidenced-based definitions found in International Society of Sexual Medicine, Diagnostic and Statistical Manuals-5 and the American Urological Association (AUA) definitions. Additionally, we discuss how constructs and criteria sets have been adopted to minimize errors of inclusion and exclusion in defining disease/dysfunction. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS This manuscript offers a careful chronological analysis of the published definitions of PE. This historical lens allows the reader to perceive the shifting science underlying the development of PE definitions. The manuscript is limited regarding our comments on acquired PE as evidenced-based research is incomplete. CONCLUSION Over the past 50 years there has been considerable forward momentum in defining PE based on well conducted scientific studies. We support the American Urological Association's modification in Intravaginal ejaculatory latency time to 2-minutes for lifelong PE, concur with the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases recommendation for changing the terminology from premature ejaculation to early ejaculation. We also recommend ongoing validation of definitions, moving away from the current heterosexist definition of PE based on penile-vaginal sex and urge further population based research into acquired PE to develop stronger evidenced-based criterion sets for this subtype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley E Althof
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Center for Marital and Sexual Health of South Florida, West Palm Beach, FL, USA
| | - Chris G McMahon
- Australian Centre for Sexual Health, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David L Rowland
- Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tannenbaum J, Youssef M, Attia AS, Hsieh TC, Raheem O. Hyperthyroidism as an Underlying Cause of Premature Ejaculation. Sex Med Rev 2021; 10:108-112. [PMID: 34219006 DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hormonal imbalances have been associated with various sexual dysfunction disorders. In particular, the connection of hyperthyroidism has been discovered to correlate to premature ejaculation (PE) but has yet to been thoroughly elucidated. As one of the most frequently self-reported sexual dysfunctions, it is imperative for health care professionals to evaluate possible underlying conditions in regard to treatment options for individuals with PE. OBJECTIVES To review the literature regarding hyperthyroidism effects on sexual dysfunction, with a focus on hyperthyroidism and PE. METHODS A literature review of articles and clinical studies was performed to define the classification, pathophysiology, diagnostic considerations, and management of hyperthyroidism on PE. Search terms included "hyperthyroidism" and/or "premature ejaculation," "treatment of premature ejaculation," "defining premature ejaculation," and "management of premature ejaculation." RESULTS To improve the accuracy of diagnosing PE, there needs to be a set definition amongst the different guidelines, as using these guidelines can help determine possible underlying etiologies of PE. The correlation of hyperthyroidism and PE has been described in a limited number of studies. It has been reported that individuals with hyperthyroidism are much more likely to have PE than individuals with euthryoidism. Management of hyperthyroidism has been shown to alleviate the symptoms of PE. CONCLUSION Further understanding of hyperthyroidism as an underlying cause of PE could lead to increased efficacy of treatment and management of PE. Tannenbaum J, Youssef M, Attia AS, et al. Hyperthyroidism as an Underlying Cause of Premature Ejaculation. Sex Med Rev 2021;XX:XXX-XXX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Tannenbaum
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Urology, New Orleans, USA
| | - Mohanad Youssef
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, New Orleans, USA
| | - Abdallah S Attia
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, New Orleans, USA
| | | | - Omer Raheem
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Urology, New Orleans, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kafkasli A, Yazici O, Can U, Coskun A, Boz MY, Karatas B, Kece C. Traumatic masturbation syndrome may be an important cause of erectile dysfunction in pre-mature ejaculation patients. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14168. [PMID: 34170042 DOI: 10.1111/and.14168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate of whether atypical masturbation behaviour is a pre-disposing factor in ED aetiology in pre-mature ejaculation (PE) patients. In addition to demographic data, self-estimated intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT) was prospectively questioned in 2,572 patients between the ages of 18 and 60 who applied with the complaint of pre-mature ejaculation between March 2018 and May 2020. The masturbation habits of the patients were questioned with open-ended questions. After the exclusion criteria, 1,819 patients were evaluated. One thousand one hundred-fifty (63.2%) of patients were classified as lifelong PE, 369 (20.3%) were acquired PE, while 300 (16.5%) were natural-variable PE. According to the IIEF score, 714 patients (39.3%) had ED associated with PE. Eighty-eight per cent of men declared that they had masturbated in the last 4 weeks. Atypical masturbatory behaviours such as 'through clothes' and 'rubbing in prone position' were significantly higher in patients with ED (13% vs. 9%, p = .04 and 11% vs. 7%, p = .02 respectively). Atypical masturbatory behaviours are also seen in a significant part of the pre-mature ejaculation population and increase the rate of erectile dysfunction accompanying PE. This situation draws attention to the necessity of questioning masturbation habits, especially in the combination of PE and ED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alper Kafkasli
- Department of Urology, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Yazici
- Department of Urology, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Utku Can
- Department of Urology, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alper Coskun
- Department of Urology, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yucel Boz
- Department of Urology, Medipol University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Cem Kece
- Cem Kece Clinics and CISED (Sexual Health Institute Association), Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang J, Su H, Ma C, Li H. Premature Ejaculation, True or False? Clinical evaluation of PE patients with multiple intercourse in one day. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14097. [PMID: 33964032 DOI: 10.1111/and.14097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical characteristics of 216 adult males previously diagnosed with premature ejaculation (PE) were studied. Using a survey questionnaire, characteristics included intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT), penile hardness scores and the refractory period (RP). Ninety-four PE patients reported they had experienced vaginal intercourse more than once (2 to 4 times) in one day (~44%). IELT was significantly increased at the second and subsequent intercourses, and IIEF-15 (International Index of Erectile Function-15) and relevant subclass scores were markedly improved compared to their first intercourse and also compared to the single intercourse group in this cohort study. Overall sexual satisfaction was achieved in the PE patients with multiple intercourse experiences. The same trend was observed in both the patients diagnosed with lifelong and acquired PE. Based on the evidence, the argument is that the PE patients who were diagnosed using their performance at the first intercourse but who have the ability to participate in multiple vaginal intercourses in one day are unlikely to be true PE. The false PE may account for over 40% of PE patients diagnosed by current guidelines and definitions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Su
- Department of Urology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chengquan Ma
- Department of Urology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Department of Urology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sansone A, Aversa A, Corona G, Fisher AD, Isidori AM, La Vignera S, Limoncin E, Maggi M, Merico M, Jannini EA. Management of premature ejaculation: a clinical guideline from the Italian Society of Andrology and Sexual Medicine (SIAMS). J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:1103-1118. [PMID: 33128158 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Premature ejaculation (PE) is the most prevalent male sexual dysfunction, and the most recently defined. PE is often mistakenly considered a purely psychosexological symptom by patients: the lacking awareness in regards to the pathophysiology and treatments often lead to resignation from the patients' side, making PE the most underdiagnosed sexual complaint. However, an ever-growing body of evidence supporting several organic factors has been developed in the last decades and several definitions have been suggested to encompass all defining features of PE. In the present document by the Italian Society of Andrology and Sexual Medicine (SIAMS), we propose 33 recommendations concerning the definition, pathophysiology, treatment and management of PE aimed to improve patient care. These evidence-based clinical guidelines provide the necessary up-to-date guidance in the context of PE secondary to organic and psychosexological conditions, such as prostate inflammation, endocrine disorders, and other sexual dysfunctions, and suggest how to associate pharmacotherapies and cognitive-behavioral therapy in a couple-centered approach. New therapeutic options, as well as combination and off-label treatments, are also described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Sansone
- Chair of Endocrinology and Medical Sexology (ENDOSEX), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - A Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - G Corona
- Endocrinology Unit, Medical Department, Azienda-Usl, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - A D Fisher
- Andrology, Women's Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Florence University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - A M Isidori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - S La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - E Limoncin
- Chair of Endocrinology and Medical Sexology (ENDOSEX), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - M Maggi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - M Merico
- Department of Medicine, Operative Unit of Andrology and Medicine of Human Reproduction, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - E A Jannini
- Chair of Endocrinology and Medical Sexology (ENDOSEX), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Corona G, Rastrelli G, Bartfai G, Casanueva FF, Giwercman A, Antonio L, Slowikowska J, Tournoy J, Punab M, Huhtaniemi IT, Vanderschueren D, O'Neill TW, Wu FCW, Maggi M. Self-Reported Shorter Than Desired Ejaculation Latency and Related Distress-Prevalence and Clinical Correlates: Results From the European Male Ageing Study. J Sex Med 2021; 18:908-919. [PMID: 33820727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.01.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few data have looked at the occurrence and clinical correlates of self-reported shorter than desired ejaculation latency (rapid ejaculation, RE) and its related distress in the general population. AIM To determine the prevalence and clinical correlates of self-reported RE and RE- related distress in middle age and older European men. METHODS Subjects were recruited from population samples of men aged 40-79 years across 8 European centers. OUTCOMES Self-reported RE and its related distress were derived from the European male Aging Study (EMAS) sexual function questionnaire (EMAS-SFQ). Beck's depression Inventory (BDI) was used for the quantification of depressive symptoms, the Short Form 36 health survey (SF-36) for the assessment of the quality of life, the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) for the evaluation of lower urinary tract symptoms. RESULTS About 2,888 community dwelling men aged 40-79 years old (mean 58.9 ± 10.8 years) were included in the analysis. Among the subjects included, 889 (30.8%) self-reported RE. Among them, 211 (7.3%) claimed to be distressed (5.9% and 1.4% reported mild or moderate-severe distress, respectively). Increasing levels of RE-related distress were associated with a progressive worse sexual functioning, higher risk of ED and with couple impairment, along with a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, a worse quality of life and higher IPSS score were associated with RE-related distress (all P < 0.05). The aforementioned results were confirmed even when patients using drugs possibly interfering with ejaculation or those without a stable relationship were excluded from the analysis. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS RE is a frequent condition in men from the general population; however, its related distress is relatively modest. Nonetheless, men with any degree of self-reported RE show increasing levels of depression, worse quality of life and worse couple satisfaction. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS This is the first study estimating the prevalence of self-reported RE and its related distress, along with their biological and psychological correlates, in a population sample of European middle age and older men. However, is should be recognized that the diagnosis of RE was derived from patient reports and not supported by Intra-ejaculatory-Latency-Time (IELT) measurements. CONCLUSION Self-reported RE is relatively common in European men aged more than 40 years. The reported limited RE-related distress may explain the relatively low number of medical consultations for RE. RE-related distress is associated with worse sexual function, couple impairment, and more LUTS resulting in a worse quality of life and mood disturbances. Corona G, Rastrelli G, Bartfai G, et al. Self-Reported Shorter Than Desired Ejaculation Latency and Related Distress-Prevalence and Clinical Correlates: Results From the European Male Ageing Study. J Sex Med Rev 2021;18:908-919.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Corona
- Endocrinology Unit, Medical Department, AziendaUsl, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Rastrelli
- Andrology, Women's Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Mario Serio" Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gyorgy Bartfai
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Andrology, Albert Szent-Gyorgy Medical University, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Felipe F Casanueva
- Department of Medicine, Santiago de Compostela University, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario deSantiago (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutricion (CB06/03), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Santiago deCompostela, Spain
| | - Aleksander Giwercman
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Malmö University Hospital, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Leen Antonio
- Department of Andrology and Endocrinology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolanta Slowikowska
- Department of Andrology and Reproductive Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jos Tournoy
- Department of Andrology and Endocrinology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Margus Punab
- Andrology Unit, United Laboratories of Tartu University Clinics, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ilpo T Huhtaniemi
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK; Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Dirk Vanderschueren
- Department of Andrology and Endocrinology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Frederick C W Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Mario Maggi
- Endocrinology Unit, Mario Serio" Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang J, Li F, Li H, Zhang Z, Yang B, Li H. Clinical features of and couple's attitudes towards premature ejaculation: a multicenter cross-sectional study. Aging Male 2020; 23:946-952. [PMID: 31306035 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2019.1640194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current study aimed to investigate the clinical features of and couple's attitudes towards premature ejaculation (PE). METHODS Qualified patients were continuously enrolled from 15 medical centers in different regions of China. Patient data were collected from March 1 2017 to July 31 2017. All men were assessed by the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT) and Intravaginal Ejaculation Latency Time (IELT). Besides, sexual desire, force of ejaculation, and the five-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) score were recorded. The couple's attitudes towards PE were evaluated by a self-designed questionnaire. RESULTS In total, 1033 males diagnosed with PE and their sexual partners and 3176 males without PE were enrolled. The mean PEDT and IELT scores of the patients with PE were 14.38 ± 3.68 and 1.59 ± 0.85, respectively. IIEF-5, sexual desire, and force of ejaculation significantly decreased in patients with PE. Among the 1033 couples, 44.3%, 21.39%, and 33.98% of the couples were seeking PE because of the dissatisfaction of the males, the females or both partners, respectively. In terms of the males who were dissatisfied with PE, 49.51% and 17.86% complained of short IELT and inability to control ejaculation. In terms of the females dissatisfied with PE, 41.61%, 19.93%, 21.68%, and 14.51% complained of arousal difficulty, weak sexual desire, failing to have organism and poor relationship, respectively. CONCLUSIONS PE has a negative impact on erectile function, sexual desire, and force of ejaculation. Sexual partners play important roles in the medical procedures for addressing PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fubiao Li
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haisong Li
- Department of Andrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of the Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mostafa T, Abdel-Hamid IA, Taymour M, Ali OI. Gene Variants in Premature Ejaculation: Systematic Review and Future Directions. Sex Med Rev 2020; 8:586-602. [PMID: 32800770 DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A growing number of genetic association studies have been performed to investigate the association between the genetic susceptibility alleles and the risk of premature ejaculation (PE); however, the results remain inconclusive. OBJECTIVES This systematic review aimed: (i) to determine whether an association exists between gene(s) or allelic variant(s) and PE; (ii) to assess whether the associations are consistent across studies in magnitude and direction, and (iii) to identify any limitation, gap, or shortcoming in the included studies. METHODS The literature search was conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Academic Search Complete, Google Scholar, and CINAHL databases. RESULTS Different gene variants associated with PE were assessed. 25 genetic association studies met the inclusion criteria that investigated 11 genes, 2,624 men with PE compared with 9,346 men as controls, twins, and siblings. 19 studies demonstrated a significant association with PE, whereas 4 studies denied such a relationship. SLC6A4 gene polymorphism was investigated in 11 studies (7 studies demonstrated a significant relationship with PE, and 4 studies denied such a relationship). Dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) polymorphism was investigated in 4 studies exhibiting a significant relationship. Androgen receptor gene polymorphisms were investigated in 2 studies, 1 with a significant relationship and the other with a non-significant relationship. Oxytocin gene polymorphisms and tryptophan hydroxylase 2 gene polymorphisms were investigated in 2 studies with a significant relationship. CONCLUSION While this review has highlighted several genes that may be potentially associated with PE such as SLC6A4, limitations such as variance in study methods, lack of robust findings, small sample sizes, lack of reproducibility, quality of reporting, and quality of assessment remain a major concern. Further efforts such as standardizing reporting, exploring complementary designs, and the use of genome-wide association studies technology are warranted to test the reproducibility of these early findings. Mostafa T, Abdel-Hamid IA, Taymour M, et al. Gene Variants in Premature Ejaculation: Systematic Review and Future Directions. Sex Med Rev 2020;8:586-602.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taymour Mostafa
- Andrology, Sexology & STIs Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | - Mai Taymour
- Dermatology & Andrology, Private Sector, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omar I Ali
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, 6th October University, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Martin-Tuite P, Shindel AW. Management Options for Premature Ejaculation and Delayed Ejaculation in Men. Sex Med Rev 2019; 8:473-485. [PMID: 31668585 DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many men experience distressing issues regarding the timing of orgasm and ejaculation, such as premature ejaculation (PE) and delayed ejaculation (DE). Despite being highly prevalent, both PE and DE are poorly understood and present a management challenge for sexual medicine specialists. AIM To summarize existing data on the medical management of PE and DE. METHODS A comprehensive literature review pertaining to the management of PE and DE was conducted using PubMed and clinicaltrials.gov for data published up until May 2019. Our focus was on double-blind, placebo-controlled trials and meta-analyses of such studies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Peer-reviewed studies on treatment options for PE and DE were critically analyzed for results and methodological rigor. RESULTS The peer-reviewed data on PE management continue to evolve. Psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and procedural interventions have all been associated with some degree of efficacy. A strong evidence base supports the off-label use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and local anesthetics in PE given consistent increases in ejaculation latency time. Education and mental health assessments remain important components of PE management despite a dearth of peer-reviewed data on these interventions. Numerous treatment strategies have been evaluated for DE; limited data support psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and/or penile vibratory stimulation as management options. CONCLUSION A number of management options for PE or DE exist but none has been formally approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. New and novel treatments would be of great value in managing issues regarding the timing of ejaculation/orgasm. Martin-Tuite P, Shindel AW. Management Options for Premature Ejaculation and Delayed Ejaculation in Men. Sex Med Rev 2020; 8:473-485.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan W Shindel
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Men with subjective premature ejaculation have a similar lognormal IELT distribution as men in the general male population and differ mathematically from males with lifelong premature ejaculation after an IELT of 1.5 minutes (Part 2). Int J Impot Res 2019; 31:341-347. [DOI: 10.1038/s41443-019-0172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
14
|
Janssen PKC, Waldinger MD. Use of a confirmed mathematical method for back-analysis of IELT distributions: ejaculation time differences between two continents and between continents and men with lifelong premature ejaculation (Part 1). Int J Impot Res 2019; 31:334-340. [DOI: 10.1038/s41443-019-0173-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|