1
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Liu T, Wan CY, Yang H, Zhao Y, Xie B, Zheng W, Yi Z, Guan D, Wang S, Zheng H, Liu C, Fu L, Liu J, Li Y, Jia J. Signatures of hybridization of multiple Majorana zero modes in a vortex. Nature 2024; 633:71-76. [PMID: 39198651 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Majorana zero modes (MZMs) are emergent zero-energy topological quasiparticles that are their own antiparticles1,2. Detected MZMs are spatially separated and electrically neutral, so producing hybridization between MZMs is extremely challenging in superconductors3,4. Here, we report the magnetic field response of vortex bound states in superconducting topological crystalline insulator SnTe (001) films. Several MZMs were predicted to coexist in a single vortex due to magnetic mirror symmetry. Using a scanning tunnelling microscope equipped with a three-axis vector magnet, we found that the zero-bias peak (ZBP) in a single vortex exhibits an apparent anisotropic response even though the magnetic field is weak. The ZBP can robustly extend a long distance of up to approximately 100 nm at the (001) surface when the magnetic field is parallel to the ( 1 1 ¯ 0 )-type mirror plane, otherwise it displays an asymmetric splitting. Our systematic simulations demonstrate that the anisotropic response cannot be reproduced with trivial ZBPs. Although the different MZMs cannot be directly distinguished due to the limited energy resolution in our experiments, our comparisons between experimental measurements and theoretical simulations strongly support the existence and hybridization of symmetry-protected multiple MZMs. Our work demonstrates a way to hybridize different MZMs by controlling the orientation of the magnetic field and expands the types of MZM available for tuning topological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengteng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Yu Wan
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujun Zhao
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bangjin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiyan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoxia Yi
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Guan
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, China
| | - Shiyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, China
| | - Canhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, China
| | - Liang Fu
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Junwei Liu
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yaoyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, China.
| | - Jinfeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, China.
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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2
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Ruzhickiy V, Bakurskiy S, Kupriyanov M, Klenov N, Soloviev I, Stolyarov V, Golubov A. Contribution of Processes in SN Electrodes to the Transport Properties of SN-N-NS Josephson Junctions. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1873. [PMID: 37368303 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a theoretical study of electronic transport in planar Josephson Superconductor-Normal Metal-Superconductor (SN-N-NS) bridges with arbitrary transparency of the SN interfaces. We formulate and solve the two-dimensional problem of finding the spatial distribution of the supercurrent in the SN electrodes. This allows us to determine the scale of the weak coupling region in the SN-N-NS bridges, i.e., to describe this structure as a serial connection between the Josephson contact and the linear inductance of the current-carrying electrodes. We show that the presence of a two-dimensional spatial current distribution in the SN electrodes leads to a modification of the current-phase relation and the critical current magnitude of the bridges. In particular, the critical current decreases as the overlap area of the SN parts of the electrodes decreases. We show that this is accompanied by a transformation of the SN-N-NS structure from an SNS-type weak link to a double-barrier SINIS contact. In addition, we find the range of interface transparency in order to optimise device performance. The features we have discovered should have a significant impact on the operation of small-scale superconducting electronic devices, and should be taken into account in their design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vsevolod Ruzhickiy
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Dukhov All-Russia Research Institute of Automatics, 101000 Moscow, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Bakurskiy
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Kupriyanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay Klenov
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Soloviev
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily Stolyarov
- Dukhov All-Russia Research Institute of Automatics, 101000 Moscow, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Center for Advanced Mesoscience and Nanotechnology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Alexander Golubov
- Center for Advanced Mesoscience and Nanotechnology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Faculty of Science and Technology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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3
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Stolyarov VS, Ruzhitskiy V, Hovhannisyan RA, Grebenchuk S, Shishkin AG, Skryabina OV, Golovchanskiy IA, Golubov AA, Klenov NV, Soloviev II, Kupriyanov MY, Andriyash A, Roditchev D. Revealing Josephson Vortex Dynamics in Proximity Junctions below Critical Current. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:5715-5722. [PMID: 35820103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Made of a thin non-superconducting metal (N) sandwiched by two superconductors (S), SNS Josephson junctions enable novel quantum functionalities by mixing up the intrinsic electronic properties of N with the superconducting correlations induced from S by proximity. Electronic properties of these devices are governed by Andreev quasiparticles (Andreev, A. Sov. Phys. JETP 1965, 20, 1490) which are absent in conventional SIS junctions whose insulating barrier (I) between the two S electrodes owns no electronic states. Here we focus on the Josephson vortex (JV) motion inside Nb-Cu-Nb proximity junctions subject to electric currents and magnetic fields. The results of local (magnetic force microscopy) and global (transport) experiments provided simultaneously are compared with our numerical model, revealing the existence of several distinct dynamic regimes of the JV motion. One of them, identified as a fast hysteretic entry/escape below the critical value of Josephson current, is analyzed and suggested for low-dissipative logic and memory elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily S Stolyarov
- Advanced Mesoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), 127055 Moscow, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vsevolod Ruzhitskiy
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), 127055 Moscow, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Razmik A Hovhannisyan
- Advanced Mesoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Sergey Grebenchuk
- Advanced Mesoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Andrey G Shishkin
- Advanced Mesoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), 127055 Moscow, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga V Skryabina
- Advanced Mesoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Igor A Golovchanskiy
- Advanced Mesoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), 127055 Moscow, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A Golubov
- Faculty of Science and Technology, MESA+ Institute of Nanotechnology, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Nikolay V Klenov
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), 127055 Moscow, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor I Soloviev
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), 127055 Moscow, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Yu Kupriyanov
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Dimitri Roditchev
- LPEM, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universite, CNRS, LPEM, 75005 Paris, France
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4
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Stolyarov V, Oboznov V, Kasatonov D, Neilo A, Bakurskiy S, Klenov N, Soloviev I, Kupriyanov M, Golubov A, Cren T, Roditchev D. Effective Exchange Energy in a Thin, Spatially Inhomogeneous CuNi Layer Proximized by Nb. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6400-6406. [PMID: 35802799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Thin films of diluted magnetic alloys are widely used in superconducting spintronics devices. Most studies rely on transport measurements and assume homogeneous magnetic layers. Here we examine on a local scale the electronic properties of the well-known two-layer superconductor/ferromagnet structure Nb/CuNi. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiments demonstrated significant spatial variations of the tunneling conductance on nanoscale, with characteristic gapped, nongapped, and strongly zero-bias peaked spectra. The microscopic theory successfully reproduced the observed spectra and relied them to spatial variations of CuNi film thickness and composition, leading to strong variations of the effective exchange energy. The observed inhomogeneities put constraints on the use of diluted magnetic alloys in nanoscale devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily Stolyarov
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, Sorbonne University, CNRS UMR-7588, 75005, Paris, France
- Center for Advanced Mesoscience and nanotechnology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700 Moscow, Russia
- Dukhov All-Russia Research Institute of Automatics, Moscow 101000, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Oboznov
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia, 142432
| | - Daniil Kasatonov
- Center for Advanced Mesoscience and nanotechnology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Neilo
- Dukhov All-Russia Research Institute of Automatics, Moscow 101000, Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Bakurskiy
- Dukhov All-Russia Research Institute of Automatics, Moscow 101000, Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay Klenov
- Dukhov All-Russia Research Institute of Automatics, Moscow 101000, Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Soloviev
- Dukhov All-Russia Research Institute of Automatics, Moscow 101000, Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Kupriyanov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Golubov
- Faculty of Science and Technology, MESA+ Institute of Nanotechnology, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Tristan Cren
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, Sorbonne University, CNRS UMR-7588, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Dimitri Roditchev
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, Sorbonne University, CNRS UMR-7588, 75005, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Materiaux, LPEM, UMR-8213, ESPCI-Paris, PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne University, 75005, Paris, France
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5
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Baranov DS, Vlaic S, Baptista J, Cofler E, Stolyarov VS, Roditchev D, Pons S. Gold Atoms Promote Macroscopic Superconductivity in an Atomic Monolayer of Pb on Si(111). NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:652-657. [PMID: 34990554 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Atomically thin superconductivity in Pb monolayers grown on Si(111) is affected by adding a tiny amount of Au atoms. In situ macroscopic electron transport measurements reveal that superconductivity develops at higher temperatures and manifests a sharper superconducting transition to zero resistance as compared to pristine Pb/Si(111). Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy show that Au atoms decorate atomic step edges of Pb/Si(111) and link the electronic reservoirs of neighboring atomic terraces. The propagation of superconducting correlations across the edges is enhanced, facilitating the coherence between terraces and promoting macroscopic superconductivity at higher temperatures. This finding opens new ways to design and control Josephson junctions at the atomic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis S Baranov
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Center for Advanced Mesoscience and Nanotechnology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow 141700, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 4 Leninsky Prosp., Moscow 119049, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Sergio Vlaic
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jonathan Baptista
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Enrico Cofler
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Vasily S Stolyarov
- Center for Advanced Mesoscience and Nanotechnology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow 141700, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 4 Leninsky Prosp., Moscow 119049, Russia
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - Dimitri Roditchev
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR7588, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Pons
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
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6
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Stolyarov VS, Pons S, Vlaic S, Remizov SV, Shapiro DS, Brun C, Bozhko SI, Cren T, Menshchikova TV, Chulkov EV, Pogosov WV, Lozovik YE, Roditchev D. Superconducting Long-Range Proximity Effect through the Atomically Flat Interface of a Bi 2Te 3 Topological Insulator. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:9068-9075. [PMID: 34516738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report on structural and electronic properties of superconducting nanohybrids made of Pb grown in the ultrahigh vacuum on the atomically clean surface of single crystals of topological Bi2Te3. In situ scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy demonstrated that the resulting network is composed of Pb-nanoislands dispersed on the surface and linked together by an amorphous atomic layer of Pb, which wets Bi2Te3. As a result, the superconducting state of the system is characterized by a thickness-dependent superconducting gap of Pb-islands and by a very unusual position-independent proximity gap between them. Furthermore, the data analysis and DFT calculations demonstrate that the Pb-wetting layer leads to significant modifications of both topological and trivial electronic states of Bi2Te3, which are responsible for the observed long-range proximity effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily S Stolyarov
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etudes des Matériaux, LPEM, UMR-8213, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
- TQPSS Lab, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700 Moscow, Russia
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - Stephane Pons
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etudes des Matériaux, LPEM, UMR-8213, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sergio Vlaic
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etudes des Matériaux, LPEM, UMR-8213, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sergey V Remizov
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - Dmitriy S Shapiro
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - Christophe Brun
- Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, UMR-7588, CNRS, Sorbonne University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sergey I Bozhko
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Tristan Cren
- Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, UMR-7588, CNRS, Sorbonne University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Evgueni V Chulkov
- Departamento de Polí meros y Materiales Avanzados: Física, Química y Tecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastian/Donostia, Spain
- HSE University, 109028 Moscow, Russia
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastián/Donostia 20018, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Walter V Pogosov
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
- Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electrodynamics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia
- HSE University, 109028 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuriy E Lozovik
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
- Institute of Spectroscopy RAS 108840 Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
- HSE University, 109028 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dimitri Roditchev
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etudes des Matériaux, LPEM, UMR-8213, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
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7
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Environment-induced overheating phenomena in Au-nanowire based Josephson junctions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15274. [PMID: 34315993 PMCID: PMC8316400 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94720-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike conventional planar Josephson junctions, nanowire-based devices have a bridge geometry with a peculiar coupling to environment that can favor non-equilibrium electronic phenomena. Here we measure the influence of the electron bath overheating on critical current of several bridge-like junctions built on a single Au-nanowire. Using the Usadel theory and applying the two-fluid description for the normal and superconducting components of the flowing currents, we reveal and explain the mutual influence of the neighbouring junctions on their characteristics through various processes of the electron gas overheating. Our results provide additional ways to control nanowire-based superconducting devices.
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8
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Petrović AP, Raju M, Tee XY, Louat A, Maggio-Aprile I, Menezes RM, Wyszyński MJ, Duong NK, Reznikov M, Renner C, Milošević MV, Panagopoulos C. Skyrmion-(Anti)Vortex Coupling in a Chiral Magnet-Superconductor Heterostructure. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:117205. [PMID: 33798341 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.117205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report experimental coupling of chiral magnetism and superconductivity in [IrFeCoPt]/Nb heterostructures. The stray field of skyrmions with radius ≈50 nm is sufficient to nucleate antivortices in a 25 nm Nb film, with unique signatures in the magnetization, critical current, and flux dynamics, corroborated via simulations. We also detect a thermally tunable Rashba-Edelstein exchange coupling in the isolated skyrmion phase. This realization of a strongly interacting skyrmion-(anti)vortex system opens a path toward controllable topological hybrid materials, unattainable to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Petrović
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - M Raju
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - X Y Tee
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - A Louat
- Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - I Maggio-Aprile
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, Université de Genève, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - R M Menezes
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - M J Wyszyński
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - N K Duong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - M Reznikov
- Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Ch Renner
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, Université de Genève, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - M V Milošević
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - C Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
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9
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Local Josephson vortex generation and manipulation with a Magnetic Force Microscope. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4009. [PMID: 31488813 PMCID: PMC6728352 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Josephson vortices play an essential role in superconducting quantum electronics devices. Often seen as purely conceptual topological objects, 2π-phase singularities, their observation and manipulation are challenging. Here we show that in Superconductor-Normal metal-Superconductor lateral junctions Josephson vortices have a peculiar magnetic fingerprint that we reveal in Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM) experiments. Based on this discovery, we demonstrate the possibility of the Josephson vortex generation and manipulation by the magnetic tip of a MFM, thus paving a way for the remote inspection and control of individual nano-components of superconducting quantum circuits.
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