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Kume D, Kozawa Y, Kawakami R, Ishii H, Watakabe Y, Uesugi Y, Imamura T, Nemoto T, Sato S. Graded arc beam in light needle microscopy for axially resolved, rapid volumetric imaging without nonlinear processes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:7289-7306. [PMID: 38439413 DOI: 10.1364/oe.516437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
High-speed three-dimensional (3D) imaging is essential for revealing the structure and functions of biological specimens. Confocal laser scanning microscopy has been widely employed for this purpose. However, it requires a time-consuming image-stacking procedure. As a solution, we previously developed light needle microscopy using a Bessel beam with a wavefront-engineered approach [Biomed. Opt. Express13, 1702 (2022)10.1364/BOE.449329]. However, this method applies only to multiphoton excitation microscopy because of the requirement to reduce the sidelobes of the Bessel beam. Here, we introduce a beam that produces a needle spot while eluding the intractable artifacts due to the sidelobes. This beam can be adopted even in one-photon excitation fluorescence 3D imaging. The proposed method can achieve real-time, rapid 3D observation of 200-nm particles in water at a rate of over 50 volumes per second. In addition, fine structures, such as the spines of neurons in fixed mouse brain tissue, can be visualized in 3D from a single raster scan of the needle spot. The proposed method can be applied to various modalities in biological imaging, enabling rapid 3D image acquisition.
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Roy A, Ben-Yakar A. Numerical study of a convective cooling strategy for increasing safe power levels in two-photon brain imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:540-557. [PMID: 38404347 PMCID: PMC10890868 DOI: 10.1364/boe.507517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy has become an effective tool for tracking neural activity in the brain at high resolutions thanks to its intrinsic optical sectioning and deep penetration capabilities. However, advanced two-photon microscopy modalities enabling high-speed and/or deep-tissue imaging necessitate high average laser powers, thus increasing the susceptibility of tissue heating due to out-of-focus absorption. Despite cooling the cranial window by maintaining the objective at a fixed temperature, average laser powers exceeding 100-200 mW have been shown to exhibit the potential for altering physiological responses of the brain. This paper proposes an enhanced cooling technique for inducing a laminar flow to the objective immersion layer while implementing duty cycles. Through a numerical study, we analyze the efficacy of heat dissipation of the proposed method and compare it with that of the conventional, fixed-temperature objective cooling technique. The results show that improved cooling could be achieved by choosing appropriate flow rates and physiologically relevant immersion cooling temperatures, potentially increasing safe laser power levels by up to three times (3×). The proposed active cooling method can provide an opportunity for faster scan speeds and enhanced signals in nonlinear deep brain imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Roy
- The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 204 East Dean Keeton Street, Stop C2200, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Adela Ben-Yakar
- The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 204 East Dean Keeton Street, Stop C2200, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
- The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 107 West Dean Keeton Street, Stop C0800, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
- The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2501 Speedway, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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Rahimpouresfahani F, Tabatabaei N, Rezai P. High-throughput light sheet imaging of adult and larval C. elegans Parkinson's disease model using a low-cost optofluidic device and a fluorescent microscope. RSC Adv 2024; 14:626-639. [PMID: 38173569 PMCID: PMC10759043 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06323b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements at the interface of microfluidics technology and light sheet fluorescence microscopy have opened the door for high-throughput and high-content investigation of C. elegans disease models. In this paper, we report on the development of a simple, miniaturized, and low-cost optofluidic platform that can be added to a conventional inverted fluorescent microscope for continuous light sheet imaging of transgenic worm populations with high lateral and axial resolutions of 1.1 µm and 2.4 µm, respectively. The optofluidic device is made entirely of PDMS with integrated optics for light sheet generation. Laser excitation is delivered to the device via a low-cost free space laser, and cross-sections of worm populations are imaged as they pass continuously through a channel. Results show the platform can image NW1229 whole worms with pan-neural fluorescent expression at a throughput of >20 worms per minute at L3 and young adult (YA) stages. As a benchmark test, we show that the low-cost device can quantify the reduced neuronal expressions of L3 and YA NW1229 worms when exposed to 500 µM 6-OHDA neurodegenerative agent. Following the benchmark validation, we utilized the platform in a novel application for imaging human alpha-synuclein reporter in populations of Parkinson's transgenic model (ERS100). Results show the ability of the low-cost platform to reliably detect and quantify the anomalous neural phenotypic changes in ERS100 populations at L3 and YA stages with high spatial resolution. The findings of this study show the potential of our low-cost optofluidic add-on platform to equip conventional fluorescent microscopes with light sheet capability for quantitative phenotypic studies of transgenic C. elegans at high resolution and throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Rahimpouresfahani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University 4700 Keele St Toronto M3J 1P3 Ontario Canada +1-416-7362100
| | - Nima Tabatabaei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University 4700 Keele St Toronto M3J 1P3 Ontario Canada +1-416-7362100
| | - Pouya Rezai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University 4700 Keele St Toronto M3J 1P3 Ontario Canada +1-416-7362100
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Guo Y, Wang L, Luo Z, Zhu Y, Gao X, Weng X, Wang Y, Yan W, Qu J. Dynamic Volumetric Imaging of Mouse Cerebral Blood Vessels In Vivo with an Ultralong Anti-Diffracting Beam. Molecules 2023; 28:4936. [PMID: 37446598 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Volumetric imaging of a mouse brain in vivo with one-photon and two-photon ultralong anti-diffracting (UAD) beam illumination was performed. The three-dimensional (3D) structure of blood vessels in the mouse brain were mapped to a two-dimensional (2D) image. The speed of volumetric imaging was significantly improved due to the long focal length of the UAD beam. Comparing one-photon and two-photon UAD beam volumetric imaging, we found that the imaging depth of two-photon volumetric imaging (80 μm) is better than that of one-photon volumetric imaging (60 μm), and the signal-to-background ratio (SBR) of two-photon volumetric imaging is two times that of one-photon volumetric imaging. Therefore, we used two-photon UAD volumetric imaging to perform dynamic volumetric imaging of mouse brain blood vessels in vivo, and obtained the blood flow velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Luwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ziyi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yinru Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xinwei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaoyu Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Junle Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Kozawa Y, Nakamura T, Uesugi Y, Sato S. Wavefront engineered light needle microscopy for axially resolved rapid volumetric imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:1702-1717. [PMID: 35415006 PMCID: PMC8973193 DOI: 10.1364/boe.449329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the acquisition speed of three-dimensional volumetric images is important-particularly in biological imaging-to unveil the structural dynamics and functionalities of specimens in detail. In conventional laser scanning fluorescence microscopy, volumetric images are constructed from optical sectioning images sequentially acquired by changing the observation plane, limiting the acquisition speed. Here, we present a novel method to realize volumetric imaging from two-dimensional raster scanning of a light needle spot without sectioning, even in the traditional framework of laser scanning microscopy. Information from multiple axial planes is simultaneously captured using wavefront engineering for fluorescence signals, allowing us to readily survey the entire depth range while maintaining spatial resolution. This technique is applied to real-time and video-rate three-dimensional tracking of micrometer-sized particles, as well as the prompt visualization of thick fixed biological specimens, offering substantially faster volumetric imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kozawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nakamura
- SANKEN, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Yuuki Uesugi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Shunichi Sato
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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Han X, Su Y, White H, O'Neill KM, Morgan NY, Christensen R, Potarazu D, Vishwasrao HD, Xu S, Sun Y, Huang SY, Moyle MW, Dai Q, Pommier Y, Giniger E, Albrecht DR, Probst R, Shroff H. A polymer index-matched to water enables diverse applications in fluorescence microscopy. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:1549-1562. [PMID: 33629685 PMCID: PMC8058278 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc01233e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate diffraction-limited and super-resolution imaging through thick layers (tens-hundreds of microns) of BIO-133, a biocompatible, UV-curable, commercially available polymer with a refractive index (RI) matched to water. We show that cells can be directly grown on BIO-133 substrates without the need for surface passivation and use this capability to perform extended time-lapse volumetric imaging of cellular dynamics 1) at isotropic resolution using dual-view light-sheet microscopy, and 2) at super-resolution using instant structured illumination microscopy. BIO-133 also enables immobilization of 1) Drosophila tissue, allowing us to track membrane puncta in pioneer neurons, and 2) Caenorhabditis elegans, which allows us to image and inspect fine neural structure and to track pan-neuronal calcium activity over hundreds of volumes. Finally, BIO-133 is compatible with other microfluidic materials, enabling optical and chemical perturbation of immobilized samples, as we demonstrate by performing drug and optogenetic stimulation on cells and C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Han
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. and Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yijun Su
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. and Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hamilton White
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA. and Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Kate M O'Neill
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA and Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Nicole Y Morgan
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ryan Christensen
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Deepika Potarazu
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Harshad D Vishwasrao
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stephen Xu
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Yilun Sun
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shar-Yin Huang
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mark W Moyle
- Department of Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
| | - Qionghai Dai
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Edward Giniger
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dirk R Albrecht
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA. and Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA
| | - Roland Probst
- ACUITYnano, Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, North Bethesda, MD 20850, USA
| | - Hari Shroff
- Laboratory of High Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. and Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA and Marine Biological Laboratory Fellows Program, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
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Watson N, Mondal S, DuPlissis A, Kim KH, Ben-Yakar A. Planar Laser Activated Neuronal Scanning (PLANS) System for in vivo Flow Cytometry. FRONTIERS IN OPTICS. ANNUAL MEETING OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 2020:FM5C.3. [PMID: 35350105 PMCID: PMC8958732 DOI: 10.1364/fio.2020.fm5c.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present a light-sheet flow cytometer for screening of C. elegans. A machine learning approach is utilized to enable real-time analysis of protein aggregation models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Watson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Sudip Mondal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 204 E Dean Keeton St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Andrew DuPlissis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 2501 Speedway, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Adela Ben-Yakar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 204 E Dean Keeton St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 2501 Speedway, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Loza-Alvarez P. Parallel array with axially coded light-sheet microscope. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:65. [PMID: 32351689 PMCID: PMC7170929 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-0310-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A parallel array of frequency modulated light sheets results in a scanning-less light sheet microscope capable of fast volumetric imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Loza-Alvarez
- ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona Spain
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Patel DS, Xu N, Lu H. Digging deeper: methodologies for high-content phenotyping in Caenorhabditis elegans. Lab Anim (NY) 2019; 48:207-216. [PMID: 31217565 DOI: 10.1038/s41684-019-0326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Deep phenotyping is an emerging conceptual paradigm and experimental approach aimed at measuring and linking many aspects of a phenotype to understand its underlying biology. To date, deep phenotyping has been applied mostly in cultured cells and used less in multicellular organisms. However, in the past decade, it has increasingly been recognized that deep phenotyping could lead to a better understanding of how genetics, environment and stochasticity affect the development, physiology and behavior of an organism. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is an invaluable model system for studying how genes affect a phenotypic trait, and new technologies have taken advantage of the worm's physical attributes to increase the throughput and informational content of experiments. Coupling of these technical advancements with computational and analytical tools has enabled a boom in deep-phenotyping studies of C. elegans. In this Review, we highlight how these new technologies and tools are digging into the biological origins of complex, multidimensional phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaval S Patel
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nan Xu
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.,The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hang Lu
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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10
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Youssef K, Tandon A, Rezai P. Studying Parkinson’s disease using Caenorhabditis elegans models in microfluidic devices. Integr Biol (Camb) 2019; 11:186-207. [DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder associated with the loss of dopaminergic neurons (DNs) in the substantia nigra and the widespread accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) protein, leading to motor impairments and eventual cognitive dysfunction. In-vitro cell cultures and in-vivo animal models have provided the opportunity to investigate the PD pathological hallmarks and identify different therapeutic compounds. However, PD pathogenesis and causes are still not well understood, and effective inhibitory drugs for PD are yet to be discovered. Biologically simple but pathologically relevant disease models and advanced screening technologies are needed to reveal the mechanisms underpinning protein aggregation and PD progression. For instance, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) offers many advantages for fundamental PD neurobehavioral studies including a simple, well-mapped, and accessible neuronal system, genetic homology to humans, body transparency and amenability to genetic manipulation. Several transgenic worm strains that exhibit multiple PD-related phenotypes have been developed to perform neuronal and behavioral assays and drug screening. However, in conventional worm-based assays, the commonly used techniques are equipment-intensive, slow and low in throughput. Over the past two decades, microfluidics technology has contributed significantly to automation and control of C. elegans assays. In this review, we focus on C. elegans PD models and the recent advancements in microfluidic platforms used for manipulation, handling and neurobehavioral screening of these models. Moreover, we highlight the potential of C. elegans to elucidate the in-vivo mechanisms of neuron-to-neuron protein transfer that may underlie spreading Lewy pathology in PD, and its suitability for in-vitro studies. Given the advantages of C. elegans and microfluidics technology, their integration has the potential to facilitate the investigation of disease pathology and discovery of potential chemical leads for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Youssef
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anurag Tandon
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pouya Rezai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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11
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Ben-Yakar A. High-Content and High-Throughput In Vivo Drug Screening Platforms Using Microfluidics. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2019; 17:8-13. [DOI: 10.1089/adt.2018.908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adela Ben-Yakar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Adela Ben-Yakar from the Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin was awarded The President's Innovation award at the annual Society of Biomolecular Imaging and Informatics (SBI2) meeting held in Boston, September 2018
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