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Huang C, Kim JS, Kirkland AI. Cryo-electron ptychography: Applications and potential in biological characterisation. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2023; 83:102730. [PMID: 37992450 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2023.102730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
There is a clear need for developments in characterisation techniques that provide detailed information about structure-function relationships in biology. Using electron microscopy to achieve high resolution while maintaining a broad field of view remains a challenge, particularly for radiation-sensitive specimens where the signal-to-noise ratio required to maintain structural integrity is limited by low electron fluence. In this review, we explore the potential of cryogenic electron ptychography as an alternative method for characterising biological systems under low-fluence conditions. Using this method with increased information content from multiple sampled regions of interest potentially allows 3D reconstruction with far fewer particles than required in conventional cryo-electron microscopy. This is important for achieving higher resolution in systems where distributions of homogeneous single particles are difficult to obtain. We discuss the progress, limitations, and potential areas for future development of this approach for both single particle analysis and applications to heterogeneous large objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Huang
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom.
| | - Judy S Kim
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom; Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Angus I Kirkland
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom; Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
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Matsuyama S, Inoue T, Hata K, Iriyama H, Yamauchi K. Wide field-of-view x-ray imaging optical system using grazing-incidence mirrors. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:10465-10470. [PMID: 36607107 DOI: 10.1364/ao.475891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A field-curvature-corrected imaging optical system for x-ray microscopy using only grazing-incidence mirrors is proposed. It combines a Wolter type I (WO1) mirror pair, which forms a real image, with field curvature correction (FCC) optics-a convex hyperbolic mirror pair-that form a virtual image; compensation of the field curvatures realizes a wide field-of-view (FOV) and high magnification. Ray-tracing and wave-optics simulations verified the efficacy of the design, for which a FOV width was 111 µm-4.7 times larger than that for the uncorrected WO1 design. The addition of FCC optics also produced a 2.3-fold increase in magnification.
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sCMOS Noise-Corrected Superresolution Reconstruction Algorithm for Structured Illumination Microscopy. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9030172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is widely applied due to its high temporal and spatial resolution imaging ability. sCMOS cameras are often used in SIM due to their superior sensitivity, resolution, field of view, and frame rates. However, the unique single-pixel-dependent readout noise of sCMOS cameras may lead to SIM reconstruction artefacts and affect the accuracy of subsequent statistical analysis. We first established a nonuniform sCMOS noise model to address this issue, which incorporates the single-pixel-dependent offset, gain, and variance based on the SIM imaging process. The simulation indicates that the sCMOS pixel-dependent readout noise causes artefacts in the reconstructed SIM superresolution (SR) image. Thus, we propose a novel sCMOS noise-corrected SIM reconstruction algorithm derived from the imaging model, which can effectively suppress the sCMOS noise-related reconstruction artefacts and improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
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Gustschin A, Riedel M, Taphorn K, Petrich C, Gottwald W, Noichl W, Busse M, Francis SE, Beckmann F, Hammel JU, Moosmann J, Thibault P, Herzen J. High-resolution and sensitivity bi-directional x-ray phase contrast imaging using 2D Talbot array illuminators. OPTICA 2021; 8:1588-1595. [PMID: 37829605 PMCID: PMC10567101 DOI: 10.1364/optica.441004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) Talbot array illuminators (TAIs) were designed, fabricated, and evaluated for high-resolution high-contrast x-ray phase imaging of soft tissue at 10-20 keV. The TAIs create intensity modulations with a high compression ratio on the micrometer scale at short propagation distances. Their performance was compared with various other wavefront markers in terms of period, visibility, flux efficiency, and flexibility to be adapted for limited beam coherence and detector resolution. Differential x-ray phase contrast and dark-field imaging were demonstrated with a one-dimensional, linear phase stepping approach yielding 2D phase sensitivity using unified modulated pattern analysis (UMPA) for phase retrieval. The method was employed for x-ray phase computed tomography reaching a resolution of 3 µm on an unstained murine artery. It opens new possibilities for three-dimensional, non-destructive, and quantitative imaging of soft matter such as virtual histology. The phase modulators can also be used for various other x-ray applications such as dynamic phase imaging, super-resolution structured illumination microscopy, or wavefront sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Gustschin
- Department of Physics and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Mirko Riedel
- Department of Physics and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Kirsten Taphorn
- Department of Physics and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Christian Petrich
- Department of Physics and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Gottwald
- Department of Physics and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Noichl
- Department of Physics and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Madleen Busse
- Department of Physics and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Sheila E. Francis
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Felix Beckmann
- Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Jörg U. Hammel
- Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Julian Moosmann
- Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Pierre Thibault
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Trieste 34217, Italy
| | - Julia Herzen
- Department of Physics and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
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Qiao Z, Shi X, Wojcik M, Assoufid L. High-Resolution Scanning Coded-Mask-Based X-ray Multi-Contrast Imaging and Tomography. J Imaging 2021; 7:jimaging7120249. [PMID: 34940716 PMCID: PMC8705295 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging7120249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-field X-ray speckle tracking has been used in phase-contrast imaging and tomography as an emerging technique, providing higher contrast images than traditional absorption radiography. Most reported methods use sandpaper or membrane filters as speckle generators and digital image cross-correlation for phase reconstruction, which has either limited resolution or requires a large number of position scanning steps. Recently, we have proposed a novel coded-mask-based multi-contrast imaging (CMMI) technique for single-shot measurement with superior performance in efficiency and resolution compared with other single-shot methods. We present here a scanning CMMI method for the ultimate imaging resolution and phase sensitivity by using a coded mask as a high-contrast speckle generator, the flexible scanning mode, the adaption of advanced maximum-likelihood optimization to scanning data, and the multi-resolution analysis. Scanning CMMI can outperform other speckle-based imaging methods, such as X-ray speckle vector tracking, providing higher quality absorption, phase, and dark-field images with fewer scanning steps. Scanning CMMI is also successfully demonstrated in multi-contrast tomography, showing great potentials in high-resolution full-field imaging applications, such as in vivo biomedical imaging.
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