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Wenzel JO, Jester F, Togni A, Rombach D. Hydroamination of Triisopropylsilyl Acetylene Sulfur Pentafluoride - a Bench-top Route to Pentafluorosulfanylated Enamines. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304015. [PMID: 38079230 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic access to a variety of aliphatic and vinylic pentafluorosulfanylated building blocks remains a major challenge in contemporary organofluorine chemistry hampering its investigation in the context of medicinal chemistry, agrochemistry and functional materials. Herein, we report a bench-top protocol to access the virtually unknown class of α-SF5 -enamines under mild reaction conditions in good to excellent yields (up to 95 %). This reaction combines the protodesilylation of the commercially available precursor TASP with the in situ hydroamination of HC≡C-SF5 . The on-site use of highly toxic gases or corrosive reagents is avoided, making access to this motif applicable to a wide chemical audience. The excellent E-diastereoselectivity of this two-step cascade reaction is suggested to be the result of the convergence of the fast Z-/E- isomerization of a vinyl anion as well as the isomerization of the iminium ion. The remarkable thermal stability of these SF5 -enamines encourages further studies of their synthetic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas O Wenzel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Jester
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Togni
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David Rombach
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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2
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Ding C, Pan S, Yan GR, N V T Gorantla SM, Cui ZH, Frenking G. Stabilization of Cyclic C 4 by Four Donor Ligands: A Theoretical Study of (L) 4C 4 (L = Carbene). J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:9196-9205. [PMID: 37883781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Quantum chemical studies using density functional theory were carried out for the (L)4C4 complexes with L = cAAC, DAC, NHC, SNHC, MIC1, and MIC2. The results show that the title complexes are highly stable with respect to dissociation, (L)4C4 → C4 + 4L. However, their stability with respect to (L)4C4 → 2(L)2C2 is crucial for the assessment of their experimental viability. The (L)4C4 complexes with L = cAAC and DAC dissociate exergonically at room temperature into two (L)2C2 units. In contrast, the other (L)4C4 complexes with L = NHC, SNHC, MIC1, and MIC2 are thermochemically stable with respect to dissociation, (L)4C4 → 2(L)2C2. The computed adiabatic ionization potentials of (L)4C4 complexes with L = NHC, MIC1, and MIC2 are lower than those for the cesium atom. Particularly, (MIC1)4C4 and (MIC2)4C4 will very easily lose electrons to form cationic complexes. The SNHC ligand is the best for the experimental realization of (L)4C4 complexes, followed by NHC. The bonding analysis using charge and energy decomposition methods suggests that the (L)3C4-CL bond can be best described as a typical electron-sharing double bond with a strong σ-bond and a weaker π-bond. Therefore, the core bonding pictures in the title complexes resemble a [4]radialene. Larger substituents at the carbene ligands enhance the stability of the complexes (L)4C4 against dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxiang Ding
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Sudip Pan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Gai-Ru Yan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Sai Manoj N V T Gorantla
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø─The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø N-9037, Norway
| | - Zhong-Hua Cui
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, Marburg 35032, Germany
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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3
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Omaña AA, Frenette BL, Dornsiepen E, Kobayashi R, Ferguson MJ, Iwamoto T, Rivard E. Frustrated Lewis pair-ligated tetrelenes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:774-786. [PMID: 36594250 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03807b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of [PB{SiX2}] (X = Cl, Br; PB = 1,2-iPr2(C6H4)BCy2; E = Si, Ge) adducts is described, with an initial focus on reduction attempts to access [PB{E}]x species; however, in all cases only free PB ligand was formed as the soluble product. Moreover, computations were performed to evaluate the energy penalty associated with EX2 dissociation from the PB chelates. Moving up the periodic table, the formal methylene adduct [PB{CH2}] was isolated and its reactivity was compared with its heavier element congeners of [PB{EH2}]. We also introduce new phosphine-borane frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) chelates and explore preliminary coordination chemistry with these ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro A Omaña
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada.
| | - Brandon L Frenette
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada.
| | - Eike Dornsiepen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada.
| | - Ryo Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Michael J Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada.
| | - Takeaki Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada.
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Rzepa HS, Arita M, Miyamoto K, Uchiyama M. A combined DFT-predictive and experimental exploration of the sensitivity towards nucleofuge variation in zwitterionic intermediates relating to mechanistic models for unimolecular chemical generation and trapping of free C 2 and alternative bimolecular pathways involving no free C 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:25816-25821. [PMID: 36278412 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01214f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Following the recent report of the chemical generation and trapping at room temperatures of C2, generated from an alkynyl phenyl iodonium salt, a computational analysis had indicated that both unimolecular fragmentation and bimolecular substitution mechanisms for the process could be envisaged. Here a combined theoretical and experimental analysis explores how the energetics of these mechanisms and resulting experimental products respond to variation in the nucleofuge. When the phenyl iodonium nucleofuge is replaced by pyridinium, trapping products are again obtained, which we conclude favours a bimolecular mechanism involving no free C2. Trapped products in greater yield were also observed using dibenzothiophenium as the nucleofuge in both condensed solution phase and most significantly in a two-flask room temperature experiment in which a volatile species, presumed to be C2, is transferred and trapped in a second flask. The energetics of the unimolecular fragmentation process producing C2 are predicted to be too high to correspond to a facile thermal reaction, which means that an experimental/theoretical dichotomy remains to be explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry S Rzepa
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 OBZ, UK.
| | - Miki Arita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Kazunori Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials (RISM), Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokita, Ueda, 386-8567, Japan
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Shaik S, Danovich D, Hiberty PC. On The Nature of the Chemical Bond in Valence Bond Theory. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:090901. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0095953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This perspective outlines a panoramic description of the nature of the chemical bond according to valence bond theory. It describes single bonds, and charge-shift bonds (CSBs) in which the entire/most of the bond energy arises from the resonance between the covalent and ionic structures of the bond. Many CSBs are homonuclear bonds. Hypervalent molecules are CSBs. Then we describe multiply bonded molecules with emphasis on C2 and 3O2. The perspective outlines an effective methodology of peeling the electronic structure to the necessary minimum: a structure with a quadruple bond, and two minor structures with double bonds, which stabilize the quadruple bond by resonance. 3O2 is chosen because it is a persistent diradical. The persistence of 3O2 is due to the large CSB resonance interaction of the π-3-electron bonds. Subsequently, we describe the roles of π vs. σ in the geometric preferences in unsaturated molecules, and their Si-based analogs. Then, the perspective discusses bonding in clusters of univalent metal-atoms, which possess only parallel spins, and are nevertheless bonded due to multiple resonance interactions. The bond energy reaches ~40 kcal/mol for a pair of atoms (in n+1Cun; n~10-12). The final subsection discusses singlet excited states in ethene, ozone and SO2. It demonstrates the capability of the breathing-orbital VB method to yield an accurate description of a variety of excited states using 10 or less VB structures. Furthermore, the method underscores covalent structures which play a key role in the correct description and bonding of these excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sason Shaik
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem Institute of Chemistry, Israel
| | - David Danovich
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem Institute of Chemistry, Israel
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Wu MC, Liang YF, Jurca T, Yap GPA, Leung TF, Ong TG. Reactive Dicarbon as a Flexible Ligand for Transition-Metal Coordination and Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12996-13005. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chun Wu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Fu Liang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Titel Jurca
- Department of Chemistry and R.E.A.C.T. Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Glenn P. A. Yap
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Tsz-Fai Leung
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tiow-Gan Ong
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, ROC
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Ritika, Dhilip Kumar T. Rotational quenching of C2 with 3He and 4He collisions at ultracold temperatures. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Gorantla SMNVT, Pan S, Chandra Mondal K, Frenking G. Bonding analysis of the C 2 precursor Me 3E–C 2–I(Ph)FBF 3 (E = C, Si, Ge). PURE APPL CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2021-1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A series of possible precursors for generating C2 with the general formula Me3E–C2–I(Ph)FBF3 [E = C (1), Si (2), and Ge (3)] has been theoretically investigated using quantum chemical calculations. The equilibrium geometries of all species show a linear E–C2–I+ backbone. The inspection of the electronic structure of the Me3E–C2 bond by energy decomposition analysis coupled with the natural orbital for chemical valence (EDA-NOCV) method suggests a combination of electron sharing C–C σ-bond and v weak π-dative bond between Me3C and C2 fragments in the doublet state for species 1 (E = C). For species 2 (Si) and 3 (Ge), the analysis reveals σ-dative Me3E–C2 bonds (E = Si, Ge; Me3E←C2) resulting from the interaction of singly charged (Me3E)+ and (C2–IPh(BF4))− fragments in their singlet states. The C2–I bond is diagnosed as an electron sharing σ-bond in all three species, 1, 2 and 3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sudip Pan
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg , Hans-Meerwein-Straße , 35032 Marburg , Germany
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Kartik Chandra Mondal
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai 600036 , India
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg , Hans-Meerwein-Straße , 35032 Marburg , Germany
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
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Kalita AJ, Rohman SS, Kashyap C, Ullah SS, Baruah I, Mazumder LJ, Das K, Guha AK. Boron-boron quadruple bond in Li 3B 2- and Li 4B 2 clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:20985-20988. [PMID: 34519306 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03664e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Homopolar quadruple bonding in first row p-block elements is expected due to the presence of four valence orbitals accessible for bonding. Although quadruple bonding in C2 has been proposed, no such proposal exists for B2. Here we report the unprecedented B-B quadruple bonding in Li3B2- and Li4B2 clusters based on high level theoretical calculations. The quadruple bonding is omnipresent in the global minimum, its nearest energy isomer and the transition states connecting them. Various bonding analyses reveal the unprecedented nature of the BB quadruple bonding interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amlan J Kalita
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
| | - Shahnaz S Rohman
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
| | - Chayanika Kashyap
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
| | - Sabnam S Ullah
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
| | - Indrani Baruah
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
| | - Lakhya J Mazumder
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
| | - Kanwaki Das
- University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya, 793101, India
| | - Ankur K Guha
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
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Rzepa HS. Routes involving no free C 2 in a DFT-computed mechanistic model for the reported room-temperature chemical synthesis of C 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:12630-12636. [PMID: 34031672 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02056k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent lively debates about the nature of the quadruple bonding in the diatomic species C2 have been heightened by recent suggestions of molecules in which carbon may be similarly bonded to other elements. The desirability of having methods for generating such species at ambient temperatures and in solution in order to study their properties may have been realized by a recent report of the first chemical synthesis of free C2 itself under mild conditions. The method involved unimolecular fragmentation of an alkynyl zwitterion 2 as generated from the precursor 1, resulting in production and then trapping of free C2 at ambient temperatures rather than the high temperature gas phase methods normally employed for C2 generation. Here, alternative mechanisms are proposed for this reaction based on DFT calculations involving bimolecular 1,1- or 1,2-iodobenzene displacement reactions from 2 directly by galvinoxyl radical, or hydride transfer from 9,10-dihydroanthracene to 2. These mechanisms result in the same trapped products as observed experimentally, but unlike that involving unimolecular generation of free C2, exhibit calculated free energy barriers commensurate with the reaction times observed at room temperatures. The relative energies of the transition states for 1,1 vs. 1,2 substitution provide a rationalisation for the observed isotopic substitution patterns. The same mechanism also provides an energetically facile path to polymeric synthesis of carbon rich species by extending the carbon chain attached to the iodonium group, eventually resulting in formation of amorphous carbon and discrete molecules such as C60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry S Rzepa
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 OBZ, UK.
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Kalita AJ, Rohman SS, Kashyap C, Ullah SS, Baruah I, Mazumder LJ, Sahu PP, Guha AK. Is a transition metal-silicon quadruple bond viable? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:9660-9662. [PMID: 33870373 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00598g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Quadruple bonding in heavier main group elements is not known albeit having four valence orbitals accessible for bonding. Here we report the unprecedented quadruple bonding between a silicon atom and a transition metal fragment in the 1A1 electronic ground state of C3v symmetric SiRu(CO)3 based on high level theoretical calculations. Various bonding analyses reveal the nature of the Si[quadruple bond, length as m-dash]Ru quadruple bonding interaction, which involves one usual Si-Ru σ bond, two usual Si-Ru π bonds and one additional Si → Ru dative σ bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amlan J Kalita
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam-781001, India.
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Rzepa HS. A thermodynamic assessment of the reported room-temperature chemical synthesis of C 2. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1241. [PMID: 33623013 PMCID: PMC7902603 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21433-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Henry S Rzepa
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 81 Wood Lane, London, W12 OBZ, UK.
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13
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Reply to "A Thermodynamic assessment of the reported room-temperature chemical synthesis of C 2". Nat Commun 2021; 12:1245. [PMID: 33623000 PMCID: PMC7902608 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21439-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Gorantla SMNVT, Pan S, Mondal KC, Frenking G. Revisiting the Bonding Scenario of Two Donor Ligand Stabilized C 2 Species. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:291-301. [PMID: 33369414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c09951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Quantum chemical calculations using density functional methods were performed for complexes of type L2C2 with L = NHCMe (1), SNHCMe (2) (S = saturated), cAACMe (3), and diamidocarbene (DACMe) (4). The equilibrium structures of 1-4 possess almost linear C4 cores. A high thermochemical stability of the complexes with respect to dissociation, L2C2 → C2 + 2L, is indicated by the large bond dissociation energy following the order 3 > 4 > 2 > 1. The results show that the use of SNHCMe and DACMe as ligands is preferable over NHCMe. The bonding analysis using charge and energy decomposition methods reveals that (cAACMe)2C2 and (DACMe)2C2 possess genuine cumulene C4 moieties, which results from the electron-sharing bonding between quintet L2 and quintet C2 fragments. In contrast, the bonding in (NHCMe)2C2 and (SNHCMe)2C2 comes from a combination of dative and electron-sharing interactions between doublet L2+ and doublet C2- fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Manoj N V T Gorantla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India.,Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Sudip Pan
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35032 Marburg, Germany.,Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Kartik Chandra Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35032 Marburg, Germany.,Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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