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Tong J, Liu X, Dong W, Jiang W, Zhu M, Xu Y, Zuo Z, Lu P, Gong X, Song X, Yang W, Wu J. Probing Resonant Photoionization Time Delay by Self-Referenced Molecular Attoclock. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:173201. [PMID: 36332237 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.173201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Attosecond time-resolved electron tunneling dynamics have been investigated by using attosecond angular streaking spectroscopy, where a clock reference to the laser field vector is required in atomic strong-field ionization and the situation becomes complicated in molecules. Here we reveal a resonant ionization process via a transient state by developing an electron-tunneling-site-resolved molecular attoclock in Ar-Kr^{+}. Two distinct deflection angles are observed in the photoelectron angular distribution in the molecular frame, corresponding to the direct and resonant ionization pathways. We find the electron is temporally trapped in the Coulomb potential wells of the Ar-Kr^{+} before finally releasing into the continuum when the electron tunnels through the internal barrier. By utilizing the direct tunneling ionization as a self-referenced arm of the attoclock, the time delay of the electron trapped in the resonant state is revealed to be 3.50±0.04 fs. Our results give an impetus to exploring the ultrafast electron dynamics in complex systems and also endow a semiclassical presentation of the electron trapping dynamics in a quantum resonant state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiwang Liu
- School of Science and Center for Theoretical Physics, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China
| | - Wenhui Dong
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Wenyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ming Zhu
- School of Science and Center for Theoretical Physics, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China
| | - Yidan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zitan Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaochun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Xiaohong Song
- School of Science and Center for Theoretical Physics, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China
| | - Weifeng Yang
- School of Science and Center for Theoretical Physics, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing 401121, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
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An Investigation of the Resonant and Non-Resonant Angular Time Delay of e-C60 Elastic Scattering. ATOMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atoms10030077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Time delay in electron scattering depends on both the scattering angle θ and scattered electron energy E. A study on the angular time delay of e-C60 elastic scattering was carried out in the present work. We employed the annular square well (ASW) potential to simulate the C60 environment. The contribution from different partial waves to the total angular time delay profile was examined in detail. The investigation was performed for both resonant and non-resonant energies, and salient characteristics in the time delay profile for each case were studied.
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Dowek D, Decleva P. Trends in angle-resolved molecular photoelectron spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:24614-24654. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02725a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this perspective article, main trends of angle-resolved molecular photoelectron spectroscopy in the laboratory up to the molecular frame, in different regimes of light-matter interactions, are highlighted with emphasis on foundations and most recent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Dowek
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Piero Decleva
- CNR IOM and Dipartimento DSCF, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Xie W, Yan J, Li M, Cao C, Guo K, Zhou Y, Lu P. Picometer-Resolved Photoemission Position within the Molecule by Strong-Field Photoelectron Holography. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:263202. [PMID: 35029482 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.263202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced tunneling ionization is one of the fundamental light-matter interaction processes. An accurate description of the tunnel-ionized electron wave packet is central to understanding and controlling subsequent electron dynamics. Because of the anisotropic molecular structure, tunneling ionization of molecules involves considerable challenges in accurately describing the tunneling electron wave packet. Up to now, some basic properties of the tunneling electron from molecules still remain unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that the tunneling electron from a molecule is not always emitted from the geometric center of the molecule along the tunnel direction. Rather, the photoemission position depends on the molecular orientation. Using a photoelectron holographic technique, we determine the photoemission position for a nitrogen molecule relative to the molecular geometric center to be 95±21 pm when the molecular axis is oriented along the tunnel direction. Our Letter poses, and answers experimentally, a fundamental question as to where the molecular photoionization actually begins, which has significant implications for time-resolved probing of valence electron dynamics in molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhai Xie
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiaqing Yan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Min Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chuanpeng Cao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Keyu Guo
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yueming Zhou
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Peixiang Lu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
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