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Su T, Li Z, Henao NR, Luan Q, Yu F. Constraining effects of aerosol-cloud interaction by accounting for coupling between cloud and land surface. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl5044. [PMID: 38781324 PMCID: PMC11114194 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl5044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Aerosol-cloud interactions (ACIs) are vital for regulating Earth's climate by influencing energy and water cycles. Yet, effects of ACI bear large uncertainties, evidenced by systematic discrepancies between observed and modeled estimates. This study quantifies a major bias in ACI determinations, stemming from conventional surface or space measurements that fail to capture aerosol at the cloud level unless the cloud is coupled with land surface. We introduce an advanced approach to determine radiative forcing of ACI by accounting for cloud-surface coupling. By integrating field observations, satellite data, and model simulations, this approach reveals a drastic alteration in aerosol vertical transport and ACI effects caused by cloud coupling. In coupled regimes, aerosols enhance cloud droplet number concentration across the boundary layer more homogeneously than in decoupled conditions, under which aerosols from the free atmosphere predominantly affect cloud properties, leading to marked cooling effects. Our findings spotlight cloud-surface coupling as a key factor for ACI quantification, hinting at potential underassessments in traditional estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianning Su
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center & AOSC, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Zhanqing Li
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center & AOSC, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Natalia Roldan Henao
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center & AOSC, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Qingzu Luan
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center & AOSC, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Fangqun Yu
- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
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Watari A, Iizuka Y, Fujita K, Masunaga H, Kawamoto K. Long-term relationships between summer clouds and aerosols over mid-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9059. [PMID: 38643285 PMCID: PMC11032361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59817-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
While the short-term relationship between clouds and aerosols is well known, no adequate data is available to verify the longer-term, annual to decadal, relationship. It is important to quantify the aerosol-cloud interaction (ACI) for mitigating uncertainty in climate prediction. Here the long-term ACI over the mid-to-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere was analyzed by using seasonally-resolved ion fluxes reconstructed from a southeastern Greenland ice core (SE-Dome ice core) as aerosol proxies, and satellite-based summer cloud amount between 1982 and 2014. As a result, SO42- flux in the ice core shows significant positive correlation with total cloud amounts (CC T ) and cloud droplet concentration ( N d ) in the summer over the southeastern Greenland Sea, implying that the sulfate aerosols may contribute to the variability ofCC T via microphysical cloud processes. Significant positive correlations are persistent even under the constrained conditions when cloud formation factors such as relative humidity, air temperature at cloud height, and summer North Atlantic Oscillation are limited within ± 1σ variability. Hence sulfate aerosols should control the interannual variability of summerCC T In terms of decadal changes,CC T was approximately 3-5% higher in the 1960s-1970s than in the 1990s-2000s, which can be explained by changes in the,SO 4 2 - flux preserved in the SE-Dome ice core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihisa Watari
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan.
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0819, Japan.
- Nippon Koei Energy Solutions Co., Ltd, Tokyo, 102-8539, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Iizuka
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0819, Japan.
| | - Koji Fujita
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Masunaga
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Kawamoto
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
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Gong J, Zhu Y, Chen D, Gao H, Shen Y, Gao Y, Yao X. The occurrence of lower-than-expected bulk N CCN values over the marginal seas of China - Implications for competitive activation of marine aerosols. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159938. [PMID: 36336057 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we combined the measured bulk particle number concentration (NCN), particle number size distribution (PNSD) and bulk cloud condensation nuclei concentration (NCCN) at various supersaturation (SS) levels to investigate competitive activation of aerosols in the marine atmospheres over the marginal seas of China during two winter campaigns Campaign A (December 9-19, 2019) and Campaign B (December 28, 2019-January 16, 2020). During the two campaigns, we observed various categories of aerosols, i.e., long-range transport continental aerosols, clean marine aerosols, grown new particles ranging from nucleation mode to larger sizes, and grown pre-existing particles ranging from Aitken mode to accumulation mode size, etc. We found that the measured NCCN increased by only approximately 30 % with increases in SS levels from 0.2 % to 1.0 %, e.g., (1.8 ± 1.4) × 103 cm-3 at SS = 0.2 % and (2.4 ± 1.4) × 103 cm-3 at SS = 1.0 % during Campaign A. We further calculated the hygroscopicity parameter kappa (κ) by combining simultaneously measured PNSD and bulk NCCN to explore the causes. The calculated κ values were below 0.1 at SS = 0.4 % during the 72 % (or 88 %) period of Campaign A (or Campaign B). When κ values below 0.1 (or 0.2) were excluded, the remaining κ values were apparently reasonable, with an average of 0.22 (or 0.36) and a standard deviation of 0.10 (or 0.21) at SS = 0.4 % during Campaign A (or Campaign B). The unexpectedly lower κ values were discussed in terms of competitive activation of aerosols in marine atmospheres together with its net contribution to lowering the measured bulk NCCN below the expected value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlin Gong
- Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology (MoE) and Frontiers Sci Ctr Deep Ocean Multispheres & Earth, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yujiao Zhu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Duihui Chen
- Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology (MoE) and Frontiers Sci Ctr Deep Ocean Multispheres & Earth, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Huiwang Gao
- Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology (MoE) and Frontiers Sci Ctr Deep Ocean Multispheres & Earth, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yanjie Shen
- Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology (MoE) and Frontiers Sci Ctr Deep Ocean Multispheres & Earth, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology (MoE) and Frontiers Sci Ctr Deep Ocean Multispheres & Earth, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology (MoE) and Frontiers Sci Ctr Deep Ocean Multispheres & Earth, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Comprehensive Validation and Comparison of Three VIIRS Aerosol Products over the Ocean on a Global Scale. REMOTE SENSING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/rs14112544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Three parallel Visible/Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) aerosol products (SOAR, NOAA, and AERDT) provided data since 2012. It is necessary to study the performances and advantages of different products. This study aims to analyze the accuracy and error of these products over the ocean and compare them with each other. The results show that the three VIIRS ocean aerosol retrievals (including total aerosol optical depth (AOD), fine mode fraction, Ångström exponent (AE), and fine AOD (AODF)) correlate well with AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) retrievals (e.g., correlation >0.895 for AOD and >0.825 for AE), which are comparable to the newest moderate-resolution imaging spectro-radiometer (MODIS) retrievals. Overall, the SOAR retrievals with quality filtering have the best validation accuracy of all parameters. Therefore, it is more recommended to use. The differences in the annual AOD spatial patterns of different products are small (bias < 0.016), but their AE spatial patterns are evidently different (bias > 0.315), indicating the large uncertainty of VIIRS AE. Error analysis shows that the scattering angle and wind speed affect aerosol retrieval. Application of the non-spherical dust model may reduce the dependence of retrieval bias on the scattering angle. Overall, this study provides validation support for VIIRS products usage and possible algorithm improvements.
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Study on the Characteristics of Aerosol Radiative Forcing under Complex Pollution Conditions in Beijing. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13030501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Aerosol radiative effects usually have a heating effect on the atmosphere and a cooling effect on the surface, and they are also important uncertainty factors that cause climate change. Based on the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) and Aerosol Optical Properties Observation Network (AERONET), a study on the distribution characteristics of aerosol optical depth (AOD) in Beijing was developed, and a method to calculate the regional aerosol direct radiative forcing (ADRF) was improved. ADRF was calculated for Beijing by inputting aerosol optical parameters and surface parameters based on this method. The results show that the MODIS AOD and AERONET AOD both reached the correlation coefficient of 0.9 at 412 nm, 470 nm and 660 nm. Additionally, the correlation coefficient of ADRF as calculated by SBDART reached 0.8 through verification with AERONET ADRF. In addition, the ADRF of the atmosphere (ATM) under different degrees of pollution in Beijing was also calculated; the results indicate that the aerosol radiative effect becomes more obvious with higher pollution degrees. Finally, the interaction between the relevant factors (relative humidity, lower troposphere stability and wind speed) and the aerosol radiative effect was analyzed. Studies have found that the aerosol radiative effect influences the occurrence and continuation of pollution and provides a supporting basis for preventing the occurrence of pollution and predicting the climate.
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