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Go GH, Lee DG, Oh J, Song G, Lee D, Jang M. Meta Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor with large sampling density and large angular field of view: phase imaging of complex objects. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:187. [PMID: 39134518 PMCID: PMC11319597 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01528-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors measure the local slopes of an incoming wavefront based on the displacement of focal spots created by a lenslet array, serving as key components for adaptive optics for astronomical and biomedical imaging. Traditionally, the challenges in increasing the density and the curvature of the lenslet have limited the use of such wavefront sensors in characterizing slowly varying wavefront structures. Here, we develop a metasurface-enhanced Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (meta SHWFS) to break this limit, considering the interplay between the lenslet parameters and the performance of SHWFS. We experimentally validate the meta SHWFS with a sampling density of 5963 per mm2 and a maximum acceptance angle of 8° which outperforms the traditional SFWFS by an order of magnitude. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, we demonstrate the first use of a wavefront sensing scheme in single-shot phase imaging of highly complex patterns, including biological tissue patterns. The proposed approach opens up new opportunities in incorporating exceptional light manipulation capabilities of the metasurface platform in complex wavefront characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi-Hyun Go
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gu Lee
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyeon Oh
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gookho Song
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Doeon Lee
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mooseok Jang
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Zheng Y, Liu ZD, Miao RH, Cui JM, Yang M, Xu XY, Xu JS, Li CF, Guo GC. Characterizing Biphoton Spatial Wave Function Dynamics with Quantum Wavefront Sensing. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 133:033602. [PMID: 39094149 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.033602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
With an extremely high dimensionality, the spatial degree of freedom of entangled photons is a key tool for quantum foundation and applied quantum techniques. To fully utilize the feature, the essential task is to experimentally characterize the multiphoton spatial wave function including the entangled amplitude and phase information at different evolutionary stages. However, there is no effective method to measure it. Quantum state tomography is costly, and quantum holography requires additional references. Here, we introduce quantum Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing to perform efficient and reference-free measurement of the biphoton spatial wave function. The joint probability distribution of photon pairs at the back focal plane of a microlens array is measured and used for amplitude extraction and phase reconstruction. In the experiment, we observe that the biphoton amplitude correlation becomes weak while phase correlation shows up during free-space propagation. Our work is a crucial step in quantum physical and adaptive optics and paves the way for characterizing quantum optical fields with high-order correlations or topological patterns.
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Liu J, Paiella R. Gradient-metasurface directional photodetectors. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:1417-1420. [PMID: 38489414 DOI: 10.1364/ol.509642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Angle-sensitive photodetectors are a promising device technology for many advanced imaging functionalities, including lensless compound-eye vision, lightfield sensing, optical spatial filtering, and phase imaging. Here we demonstrate the use of plasmonic gradient metasurfaces to tailor the angular response of generic planar photodetectors. The resulting devices rely on the phase-matched coupling of light incident at select geometrically tunable angles into guided plasmonic modes, which are then scattered and absorbed in the underlying photodetector active layer. This approach naturally introduces sharp peaks in the angular response, with smaller footprint and reduced guided-mode radiative losses (and therefore improved spatial resolution and sensitivity) compared to analogous devices based on diffractive coupling. More broadly, these results highlight a promising new application space of flat optics, where gradient metasurfaces are integrated within image sensors to enable unconventional capabilities with enhanced system miniaturization and design flexibility.
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Li L, Wang S, Zhao F, Zhang Y, Wen S, Chai H, Gao Y, Wang W, Cao L, Yang Y. Single-shot deterministic complex amplitude imaging with a single-layer metalens. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl0501. [PMID: 38181086 PMCID: PMC10776002 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Conventional imaging systems can only capture light intensity. Meanwhile, the lost phase information may be critical for a variety of applications such as label-free microscopy and optical metrology. Existing phase retrieval techniques typically require a bulky setup, multiframe measurements, or prior information of the target scene. Here, we proposed an extremely compact system for complex amplitude imaging, leveraging the extreme versatility of a single-layer metalens to generate spatially multiplexed and polarization phase-shifted point spread functions. Combining the metalens with a polarization camera, the system can simultaneously record four polarization shearing interference patterns along both in-plane directions, thus allowing the deterministic reconstruction of the complex amplitude light field in a single shot. Using an incoherent light-emitting diode as the illumination, we experimentally demonstrated speckle-noise-free complex amplitude imaging for both static and moving objects with tailored magnification ratio and field of view. The miniaturized and robust system may open the door for complex amplitude imaging in portable devices for point-of-care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Feng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shun Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huichao Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yunhui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liangcai Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Liu J, Wang H, Kogos LC, Li Y, Li Y, Tian L, Paiella R. Optical spatial filtering with plasmonic directional image sensors. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:29074-29087. [PMID: 36299091 DOI: 10.1364/oe.460556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Photonics provides a promising approach for image processing by spatial filtering, with the advantage of faster speeds and lower power consumption compared to electronic digital solutions. However, traditional optical spatial filters suffer from bulky form factors that limit their portability. Here we present a new approach based on pixel arrays of plasmonic directional image sensors, designed to selectively detect light incident along a small, geometrically tunable set of directions. The resulting imaging systems can function as optical spatial filters without any external filtering elements, leading to extreme size miniaturization. Furthermore, they offer the distinct capability to perform multiple filtering operations at the same time, through the use of sensor arrays partitioned into blocks of adjacent pixels with different angular responses. To establish the image processing capabilities of these devices, we present a rigorous theoretical model of their filter transfer function under both coherent and incoherent illumination. Next, we use the measured angle-resolved responsivity of prototype devices to demonstrate two examples of relevant functionalities: (1) the visualization of otherwise invisible phase objects and (2) spatial differentiation with incoherent light. These results are significant for a multitude of imaging applications ranging from microscopy in biomedicine to object recognition for computer vision.
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Zeng B, Sheng H, Cao L, Dong B. Channel‐rich Pt0.23Mn0.42Ni0.35 ternary alloy nanocatalysts for efficient hydrogen evolution. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zeng
- Ocean University of China Institute of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Hongbin Sheng
- Ocean University of China Institute of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Lixin Cao
- Ocean University of China Institute of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Bohua Dong
- Ocean University of China Institute of Material Science and Engineering Songling Road number 238 266100 Qingdao CHINA
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