1
|
Huang Y, Jia Q, Wang J, Lee SC, Li X, Li X, Tang J. Winter harvesting reduces methane emissions and enhances blue carbon potential in coastal phragmites wetlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173380. [PMID: 38797417 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing the ability of coastal blue carbon to accumulate and store carbon and reduce net greenhouse gas emissions is an essential component of a comprehensive approach for tackling climate change. The annual winter harvesting of Phragmites is common worldwide. However, the effects of harvesting on methane (CH4) emissions and its potential as an effective blue carbon management strategy have rarely been reported. In this study, the effects of winter Phragmites harvesting on the CH4 and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes and the underlying mechanisms in coastal Phragmites wetlands were investigated by comparing the eddy covariance flux measurements for three coastal wetlands with different harvesting and tidal flow conditions. The results show that harvesting can greatly reduce the CH4 emissions and the radiative forcing of CH4 and CO2 fluxes in coastal Phragmites wetlands, suggesting that winter Phragmites harvesting has great potential as a nature-based strategy to mitigate global warming. The monthly mean CH4 fluxes were predominantly driven by air temperature, gross primary productivity, and latent heat fluxes, which are related to vegetation phenology. Additionally, variations in the salinity and water levels exerted strong regulation effects on CH4 emissions, highlighting the important role of proper tidal flow restoration and resalinization in enhancing blue carbon sequestration potential. Compared with the natural, tidally unrestricted wetlands, the CH4 fluxes in the impounded wetland were less strongly correlated with hydrometeorological variables, implying the increased difficulties of predicting CH4 variations in impounded ecosystem. This study facilitates the improved understanding of carbon exchange in coastal Phragmites wetlands with harvesting or impoundment, and provides new insights into effective blue carbon management strategies beyond tidal wetland restoration for mitigating the effects of climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Center for Blue Carbon Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai Science and Technology Committee, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qingyu Jia
- Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sung-Ching Lee
- Department Biogeochemical Integration, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Xianglan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Center for Blue Carbon Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai Science and Technology Committee, Shanghai, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianwu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Center for Blue Carbon Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai Science and Technology Committee, Shanghai, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun H, Wang WJ, Liu Z, Wang L, Bao SG, Ba S, Cong Y. Woody encroachment induced earlier and extended growing season in boreal wetland ecosystems. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1413896. [PMID: 38812732 PMCID: PMC11133685 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1413896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Woody plant encroachment (WPE), a widespread ecological phenomenon globally, has significant impacts on ecosystem structure and functions. However, little is known about how WPE affects phenology in wetland ecosystems of middle and high latitudes. Here, we investigated the regional-scale effects of WPE on the start (SOS), peak (POS), end (EOS), and length (GSL) of the growing season in boreal wetland ecosystems, and their underlying mechanisms, using remote sensing dataset during 2001-2016. Our results showed that WPE advanced the annual SOS and POS, while delaying EOS and extending GSL in boreal wetlands with these impacts increasing over time. When boreal wetland ecosystems were fully encroached by woody plants, the SOS and POS were advanced by 12.17 and 5.65 days, respectively, the EOS was postponed by 2.74 days, and the GSL was extended by 15.21 days. We also found that the impacts of WPE on wetland SOS were predominantly attributed to the increased degree of WPE (α), while climatic factors played a more significant role in controlling the POS and EOS responses to WPE. Climate change not only directly influenced phenological responses of wetlands to WPE but also exerted indirect effects by regulating soil moisture and α. Winter precipitation and spring temperature primarily determined the effects of WPE on SOS, while its impacts on POS were mainly controlled by winter precipitation, summer temperature, and precipitation, and the effects on EOS were mainly determined by winter precipitation, summer temperature, and autumn temperature. Our findings offer new insights into the understanding of the interaction between WPE and wetland ecosystems, emphasizing the significance of considering WPE effects to ensure accurate assessments of phenology changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, College of Resources and Environment, Beijing, China
| | - Wen J. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Suri G. Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, College of Resources and Environment, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjie Ba
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ge M, Korrensalo A, Laiho R, Kohl L, Lohila A, Pihlatie M, Li X, Laine AM, Anttila J, Putkinen A, Wang W, Koskinen M. Plant-mediated CH 4 exchange in wetlands: A review of mechanisms and measurement methods with implications for modelling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169662. [PMID: 38159777 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Plant-mediated CH4 transport (PMT) is the dominant pathway through which soil-produced CH4 can escape into the atmosphere and thus plays an important role in controlling ecosystem CH4 emission. PMT is affected by abiotic and biotic factors simultaneously, and the effects of biotic factors, such as the dominant plant species and their traits, can override the effects of abiotic factors. Increasing evidence shows that plant-mediated CH4 fluxes include not only PMT, but also within-plant CH4 production and oxidation due to the detection of methanogens and methanotrophs attached to the shoots. Despite the inter-species and seasonal differences, and the probable contribution of within-plant microbes to total plant-mediated CH4 exchange (PME), current process-based ecosystem models only estimate PMT based on the bulk biomass or leaf area index of aerenchymatous plants. We highlight five knowledge gaps to which more research efforts should be devoted. First, large between-species variation, even within the same family, complicates general estimation of PMT, and calls for further work on the key dominant species in different types of wetlands. Second, the interface (rhizosphere-root, root-shoot, or leaf-atmosphere) and plant traits controlling PMT remain poorly documented, but would be required for generalizations from species to relevant functional groups. Third, the main environmental controls of PMT across species remain uncertain. Fourth, the role of within-plant CH4 production and oxidation is poorly quantified. Fifth, the simplistic description of PMT in current process models results in uncertainty and potentially high errors in predictions of the ecosystem CH4 flux. Our review suggest that flux measurements should be conducted over multiple growing seasons and be paired with trait assessment and microbial analysis, and that trait-based models should be developed. Only then we are capable to accurately estimate plant-mediated CH4 emissions, and eventually ecosystem total CH4 emissions at both regional and global scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Ge
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
| | - Aino Korrensalo
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 111, Kuopio 80101, Finland; Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, Helsinki 00790, Finland
| | - Raija Laiho
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, Helsinki 00790, Finland
| | - Lukas Kohl
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 111, Kuopio 80101, Finland
| | - Annalea Lohila
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palménin aukio 1, Helsinki 00560, Finland
| | - Mari Pihlatie
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xuefei Li
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Anna M Laine
- Geological Survey of Finland, PO Box 1237, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jani Anttila
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, Helsinki 00790, Finland
| | - Anuliina Putkinen
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Weifeng Wang
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037 Nanjing, China
| | - Markku Koskinen
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ingle R, Habib W, Connolly J, McCorry M, Barry S, Saunders M. Upscaling methane fluxes from peatlands across a drainage gradient in Ireland using PlanetScope imagery and machine learning tools. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11997. [PMID: 37491422 PMCID: PMC10368722 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38470-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Wetlands are one of the major contributors of methane (CH4) emissions to the atmosphere and the intensity of emissions is driven by local environmental variables and spatial heterogeneity. Peatlands are a major wetland class and there are numerous studies that provide estimates of methane emissions at chamber or eddy covariance scales, but these are not often aggregated to the site/ecosystem scale. This study provides a robust approach to map dominant vegetation communities and to use these areas to upscale methane fluxes from chamber to site scale using a simple weighted-area approach. The proposed methodology was tested at three peatlands in Ireland over a duration of 2 years. The annual vegetation maps showed an accuracy ranging from 83 to 99% for near-natural to degraded sites respectively. The upscaled fluxes were highest (2.25 and 3.80 gC m-2 y-1) at the near-natural site and the rehabilitation (0.17 and 0.31 gC m-2 y-1), degraded (0.15 and 0.27 gC m-2 y-1) site emissions were close to net-zero throughout the study duration. Overall, the easy to implement methodology proposed in this study can be applied across various landuse types to assess the impact of peatland rehabilitation on methane emissions by mapping ecological change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchita Ingle
- School of Natural Sciences, Botany Discipline, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Water Systems and Global Change Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Wahaj Habib
- School of Natural Sciences, Geography Discipline, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John Connolly
- School of Natural Sciences, Geography Discipline, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Matthew Saunders
- School of Natural Sciences, Botany Discipline, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bansal S, Post van der Burg M, Fern RR, Jones JW, Lo R, McKenna OP, Tangen BA, Zhang Z, Gleason RA. Large increases in methane emissions expected from North America's largest wetland complex. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade1112. [PMID: 36857447 PMCID: PMC9977182 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade1112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural methane (CH4) emissions from aquatic ecosystems may rise because of human-induced climate warming, although the magnitude of increase is highly uncertain. Using an exceptionally large CH4 flux dataset (~19,000 chamber measurements) and remotely sensed information, we modeled plot- and landscape-scale wetland CH4 emissions from the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR), North America's largest wetland complex. Plot-scale CH4 emissions were driven by hydrology, temperature, vegetation, and wetland size. Historically, landscape-scale PPR wetland CH4 emissions were largely dependent on total wetland extent. However, regardless of future wetland extent, PPR CH4 emissions are predicted to increase by two- or threefold by 2100 under moderate or severe warming scenarios, respectively. Our findings suggest that international efforts to decrease atmospheric CH4 concentrations should jointly account for anthropogenic and natural emissions to maintain climate mitigation targets to the end of the century.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheel Bansal
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, ND, USA
| | - Max Post van der Burg
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, ND, USA
| | - Rachel R. Fern
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, ND, USA
- Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - John W. Jones
- U.S. Geological Survey, Hydrologic Remote Sensing Branch, Kearneysville, WV, USA
| | - Rachel Lo
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, ND, USA
| | - Owen P. McKenna
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, ND, USA
| | - Brian A. Tangen
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, ND, USA
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Robert A. Gleason
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, ND, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li J, Pei J, Fang C, Li B, Nie M. Opposing seasonal temperature dependencies of CO 2 and CH 4 emissions from wetlands. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1133-1143. [PMID: 36385719 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wetlands are critically important to global climate change because of their role in modulating the release of atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHGs) carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and methane (CH4 ). Temperature plays a crucial role in wetland GHG emissions, while the general pattern for seasonal temperature dependencies of wetland CO2 and CH4 emissions is poorly understood. Here we show opposite seasonal temperature dependencies of CO2 and CH4 emissions by using 36,663 daily observations of simultaneous measurements of ecosystem-scale CO2 and CH4 emissions in 42 widely distributed wetlands from the FLUXNET-CH4 database. Specifically, the temperature dependence of CO2 emissions decreased with increasing monthly mean temperature, but the opposite was true for that of CH4 emissions. Neglecting seasonal temperature dependencies may overestimate wetland CO2 and CH4 emissions compared to the use of a year-based static and consistent temperature dependence parameter when only considering temperature effects. Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating the remarkable seasonality in temperature dependence into process-based biogeochemical models to predict feedbacks of wetland GHG emissions to climate warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinquan Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junmin Pei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changming Fang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Centre for Invasion Biology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ming Nie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Role of space station instruments for improving tropical carbon flux estimates using atmospheric data. NPJ Microgravity 2022; 8:51. [PMID: 36404345 PMCID: PMC9676185 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-022-00231-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The tropics is the nexus for many of the remaining gaps in our knowledge of environmental science, including the carbon cycle and atmospheric chemistry, with dire consequences for our ability to describe the Earth system response to a warming world. Difficulties associated with accessibility, coordinated funding models and economic instabilities preclude the establishment of a dense pan-tropical ground-based atmospheric measurement network that would otherwise help to describe the evolving state of tropical ecosystems and the associated biosphere-atmosphere fluxes on decadal timescales. The growing number of relevant sensors aboard sun-synchronous polar orbiters provide invaluable information over the remote tropics, but a large fraction of the data collected along their orbits is from higher latitudes. The International Space Station (ISS), which is in a low-inclination, precessing orbit, has already demonstrated value as a proving ground for Earth observing atmospheric sensors and as a testbed for new technology. Because low-inclination orbits spend more time collecting data over the tropics, we argue that the ISS and its successors, offer key opportunities to host new Earth-observing atmospheric sensors that can lead to a step change in our understanding of tropical carbon fluxes.
Collapse
|