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Kattula B, Munakala A, Kashyap R, Nallamilli T, Nagendla NK, Naza S, Mudiam MKR, Chegondi R, Addlagatta A. Strategic enzymatic enantioselective desymmetrization of prochiral cyclohexa-2,5-dienones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 38856301 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02181a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Asymmetric desymmetrization through the selective reduction of one double bond of prochiral 2,5-cyclohexadienones is highly challenging. A novel method has been developed for synthesizing chiral cyclohexenones by employing an ene-reductase (Bacillus subtilis YqjM) enzyme that belongs to the OYE family. Our strategy demonstrates high substrate scope and enantioselectivity towards substrates containing all-carbon as well as heteroatom (O, N)-containing quaternary centers. The mechanistic studies (kH/D = ∼1.8) indicate that hydride transfer is probably the rate-limiting step. Mutation of several active site residues did not affect the stereochemical outcomes. This work provides a convenient way of synthesizing various enantioselective γ,γ-disubstituted cyclohexanones using enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavita Kattula
- Department of Applied Biology, Hyderabad, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Anandarao Munakala
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| | | | - Tarun Nallamilli
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Narendra Kumar Nagendla
- Department of Analytical and Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Surabhi Naza
- Department of Applied Biology, Hyderabad, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Mohana Krishna Reddy Mudiam
- Department of Analytical and Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Rambabu Chegondi
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Anthony Addlagatta
- Department of Applied Biology, Hyderabad, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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2
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Magham LR, Samad A, Thopate SB, Nanubolu JB, Chegondi R. Organocatalytic enantioselective desymmetrization of enal-tethered cyclohexane-1,3-diones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3834-3837. [PMID: 38497248 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00487f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Organocatalytic asymmetric desymmetrization of prochiral cyclohexane-1,3-diones has been demonstrated through the merging of iminium and enamine activation. The tandem annulation reaction proceeds through a sequential oxa-Michael addition/intramolecular aldol reaction/[1,3]-amino oxetane rearrangement pathway. Mechanistic study using an 18O-water experiment suggests oxetane rearrangement instead of direct dehydration. The formation of other competing Rauhut-Currier products via alkoxy-elimination was not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Revati Magham
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Abdus Samad
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Satish B Thopate
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu
- Department of Analytical and Structural chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Rambabu Chegondi
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Nallamilli T, Munakala A, Chegondi R. Combined Lewis Acid Catalyzed Diastereoselective Halogenative Cascade Annulation of Enone-Tethered Cyclohexadienones. Org Lett 2023; 25:8240-8245. [PMID: 37948166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The cascade difunctionalization of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls by nucleophilic halogenation followed by enolate trapping with other electrophiles is highly challenging in synthetic organic chemistry. Herein, we report a chemo- and diastereoselective cascade annulation of enone-tethered cyclohexadienones by using an unconventional combined Lewis acid catalyzed halogenation reaction in the presence of an In(III)-catalyst and trimethylsilyl halide. The reaction provides highly functionalized bicyclic enones with four contiguous stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Nallamilli
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Anandarao Munakala
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Rambabu Chegondi
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Sharma M, Tamanna, Chauhan P. Asymmetric Synthesis of Hydrophenanthrenones Bearing Multiple Stereogenic Centers via Squaramide-Catalyzed Domino 1,4-/1,4-Addition Desymmetrization Sequence. Org Lett 2023; 25:7911-7916. [PMID: 37882793 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented stereoselective route for procuring tetrahydrophenanthren-2(1H)-ones bearing up to five contiguous stereogenic centers has been accomplished. A bifunctional squaramide enables a domino 1,4-/1,4-addition desymmetrization reaction sequence between the newly developed β-nitrostyrene-tethered 2,5-cyclohexadienones and trisubstituted enolizable nucleophiles to provide direct access to the polyfunctionalized hydrophenanthren-2(1H)-ones in excellent enantio- (up to >99%) and diastereoselectivity (up to >20:1). By using a psedoenantiomeric squaramide, the enantiomers of hydrophenanthrene derivatives were also accessed with excellent stereocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, NH-44, Nagrota Bypass, Jammu, 181221 Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tamanna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, NH-44, Nagrota Bypass, Jammu, 181221 Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Pankaj Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, NH-44, Nagrota Bypass, Jammu, 181221 Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Xie H, Zhang M, Fang X, Yan Z, Yao H. Synthesis of meta-arylphenol derivatives via acid-promoted rearrangement of cyclohexadienones. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8573-8578. [PMID: 37853805 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01363d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
A highly effective strategy for the synthesis of meta-arylphenol derivatives through the selective rearrangement of 4-alkyl-4-aryl-2,5-cyclohexadienones under metal-free conditions was developed, in which acid-promoted [1,2]-migration of the aryl group at C-4 occurred exclusively when the alkyl group at C-4 was a methyl group. Treatment of 4-methyl-4-aryl-2,5-cyclohexadienones with 37% HCl in Ac2O at room temperature provided polysubstituted meta-arylphenyl acetates in 75-94% yields. The application of this protocol in the synthesis of polycyclic aromatic compounds was also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.
| | - Minxiang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.
| | - Xueyu Fang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.
| | - Zhaohua Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.
| | - Hua Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.
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Kisszékelyi P, Šebesta R. Enolates ambushed - asymmetric tandem conjugate addition and subsequent enolate trapping with conventional and less traditional electrophiles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:593-634. [PMID: 37180457 PMCID: PMC10167861 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal enolates are useful intermediates and building blocks indispensable in many organic synthetic transformations. Chiral metal enolates obtained by asymmetric conjugate additions of organometallic reagents are structurally complex intermediates that can be employed in many transformations. In this review, we describe this burgeoning field that is reaching maturity after more than 25 years of development. The effort of our group to broaden possibilities to engage metal enolates in reactions with new electrophiles is described. The material is divided according to the organometallic reagent employed in the conjugate addition step, and thus to the particular metal enolate formed. Short information on applications in total synthesis is also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Kisszékelyi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radovan Šebesta
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Magham LR, Thopate SB, Samad A, Chegondi R. Enantioselective Desymmetrization Triggered by Iminium-Enamine Activation: Access to Complex Cyclohepta[b]indoles. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203435. [PMID: 36530064 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The expeditious construction of complex molecules having multiple stereocentres is highly desirable in organic chemistry. In the present communication, we report the development of an organocatalytic asymmetric desymmetrization of prochiral enal-tethered cyclohexadienones via the C3-selective Friedel-Crafts alkylation of indoles triggered by LUMO-lowering iminium activation/HOMO-raising enamine activation. The reaction provides access to bicyclic enones, which further undergo acid-mediated intramolecular annulation from C2-position to afford highly strained cyclohepta[b]indoles with five contiguous stereocentres and three new C-C bonds in excellent enantioselectivity and diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Revati Magham
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Satish B Thopate
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Abdus Samad
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Rambabu Chegondi
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
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8
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Patil VB, Jadhav SB, Nanubolu JB, Chegondi R. CuH-Catalyzed Enantioselective Desymmetrization of Cyclic 1,3-Diketones. Org Lett 2022; 24:8233-8238. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav B. Patil
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sandip B. Jadhav
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | | | - Rambabu Chegondi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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9
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Khalse LD, Gorad SS, Ghorai P. Enantio- and Diastereoselective Cu(II)-Catalyzed Conjugate Borylation/Michael Addition Cascade: Synthesis of Spiroindane Boronates. Org Lett 2022; 24:7566-7571. [PMID: 36214836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We report a Cu(II)-(S,S)-iPr-FOXAP-catalyzed borylative Michael/Michael addition cascade cyclization of unsymmetrical dienone for the synthesis of highly substituted and functionalized all-carbon spiroindane boronates under mild conditions. A series of optically active spiroindanes bearing boronic ester were obtained with excellent yields and good to excellent enantioselectivities (≤97% ee) and diastereoselectivities (up to >20:1 dr). In addition, scale-up synthesis of this method and synthetic transformations of spiroindane boronates are also illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxman Devidas Khalse
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Sachin S Gorad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Prasanta Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, India
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10
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Copper-Catalyzed Diastereo- and Enantioselective Borylative Cyclization. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12070734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper-catalyzed enantioselective borylative cyclization with various electrophiles via difunctionalization of unsaturated hydrocarbons is a powerful tool for the generation of interesting boron-containing carbocycles and heterocycles processes involving a chiral organocopper intermediate. Alkenes, allenes, and alkynes are versatile and easily accessible substrates that can be subjected to a wide range of reactions to produce densely functionalized, enantioenriched products. In this chapter, I discuss copper-catalyzed alkenes, allenes, and alkynes borofunctionalization and enantioselective cyclization via chiral organocopper intermediate. Copper-catalyzed enantioselective borylative cyclization and regiodivergent functionalization of alkenes, allenes, and alkynes, as well as the current mechanistic understanding of such processes, are given special attention in this review.
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Donthoju A, Munakala A, Ellandula S, Chegondi R. Palladium(0)-Catalyzed Remote Decarboxylative Allylation and Base-Mediated 1,3-Migration. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8267-8276. [PMID: 35671458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein we have reported the palladium(0)-catalyzed decarboxylative oxa-Michael addition/remote α-allylation/1,3- migration of prochiral allyl carbonate-tethered cyclohexadienones in good yields. This unconventional intramolecular rearrangement is triggered by the base-mediated retro-Michael ring-opening reaction (β-elimination) and subsequent syn-selective oxa-Michael addition on the less substituted enone functionality. The generality of tandem decarboxylative allylation was examined with various substrates and in the gram-scale reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Donthoju
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Anandarao Munakala
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sushma Ellandula
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Rambabu Chegondi
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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