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Huang L, Xia L, Nie T, Cui B, Lu J, Lu F, Fan F, Ren D, Lu Y, Gao G, Yang Q. Maintaining Drosha expression with Cdk5 inhibitors as a potential therapeutic strategy for early intervention after TBI. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:210-219. [PMID: 38200156 PMCID: PMC10834983 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01152-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in adults. The pathological process of TBI involves a multifactorial cascade in which kinases have been proven contribute to interactions between relevant factors and amplification of signaling cascades. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a promising kinase that has been implicated in various brain disorders, including TBI. However, the mechanism by which Cdk5 induces neuronal damage remains unclear. Here, we show for the first time that Drosha, a key enzyme in microRNA biogenesis, is a pivotal substrate of abnormally activated Cdk5. Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation decreases Drosha expression and exacerbates nerve injury in TBI. We proved that maintaining Drosha expression via the administration of repurposed Cdk5 inhibitors that were previously studied in clinical trials is a promising approach for the early treatment of TBI. Together, our work identifies Drosha as a novel target for neuroprotective strategies after TBI and suggests Cdk5-mediated regulation of Drosha expression as a potential therapeutic strategy for early TBI intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Huang
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Xia
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiejian Nie
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bozhou Cui
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianjun Lu
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fangfang Lu
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feiyan Fan
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongni Ren
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guodong Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.
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Yang F, Wang F, Ma X, Zhou M, Jiang S, Xu W. Longitudinal optogenetic mapping reveals enhanced motor control by the contralesional cortex after traumatic brain injury in mice. Exp Neurol 2023; 369:114546. [PMID: 37751813 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of human disability, and understanding its spontaneous recovery pattern after injury is critical for potential treatments. However, studies on the function of the contralesional cortex after TBI have mostly focused on acute-phase changes, and long-term dynamic changes in the control of the affected limb by the contralesional cortex are less understood. To unravel long-term adaptations in the contralesional cortex, we developed a mouse model of TBI and used longitudinal optogenetic motor mapping to observe the function of contralesional corticospinal neurons (CSNs) projecting to the unilateral seventh cervical (C7) segment of the spinal cord. We injected a retrograde adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing channelrhodopsin-2 to optogenetically stimulate and map the functional connections of the motor-sensory cortex. We validated the effectiveness of transcranial optogenetic stimulation for functional mapping and observed a general increase in the control of the affected limb by the contralesional cortex over time. Using retrograde labeling techniques, we showed that TBI does not affect the distribution of C7-CSNs but alters their function, and the labeled CSNs are concentrated in the caudal and rostral forelimb areas. Our findings provide new insights into harnessing contralesional cortical plasticity to improve treatment for affected limbs. This study sheds light on the long-term adaptations in the contralesional cortex after TBI, paving the way for potential clinical applications of optogenetic stimulation to improve motor control and rehabilitation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjing Yang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyi Ma
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjie Zhou
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Su Jiang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wendong Xu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University,226000 Nantong, China; Research Unit of Synergistic Reconstruction of Upper and Lower Limbs After Brain Injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Chovsepian A, Empl L, Bareyre FM. Plasticity of callosal neurons in the contralesional cortex following traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 18:1257-1258. [PMID: 36453402 PMCID: PMC9838154 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.360167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Chovsepian
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Building and Clinic of the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Empl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Building and Clinic of the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Florence M. Bareyre
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Building and Clinic of the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany,Correspondence to: Florence M. Bareyre, .
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