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D'Alessio AM, Boffa I, De Stefano L, Soria LR, Brunetti-Pierri N. Liver gene transfer for metabolite detoxification in inherited metabolic diseases. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38884367 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) are a growing group of genetic diseases caused by defects in enzymes that mediate cellular metabolism, often resulting in the accumulation of toxic substrates. The liver is a highly metabolically active organ that hosts several thousands of chemical reactions. As such, it is an organ frequently affected in IMDs. In this article, we review current approaches for liver-directed gene-based therapy aimed at metabolite detoxification in a variety of IMDs. Moreover, we discuss current unresolved challenges in gene-based therapies for IMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso M D'Alessio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM, School of Advanced Studies), Genomics and Experimental Medicine Program, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Iolanda Boffa
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia De Stefano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Leandro R Soria
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM, School of Advanced Studies), Genomics and Experimental Medicine Program, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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2
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Graves LE, van Dijk EB, Zhu E, Koyyalamudi S, Wotton T, Sung D, Srinivasan S, Ginn SL, Alexander IE. AAV-delivered hepato-adrenal cooperativity in steroidogenesis: Implications for gene therapy for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2024; 32:101232. [PMID: 38558568 PMCID: PMC10979120 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2024.101232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Despite the availability of life-saving corticosteroids for 70 years, treatment for adrenal insufficiency is not able to recapitulate physiological diurnal cortisol secretion and results in numerous complications. Gene therapy is an attractive possibility for monogenic adrenocortical disorders such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia; however, requires further development of gene transfer/editing technologies and knowledge of the target progenitor cell populations. Vectors based on adeno-associated virus are the leading system for direct in vivo gene delivery but have limitations in targeting replicating cell populations such as in the adrenal cortex. One strategy to overcome this technological limitation is to deliver the relevant adrenocortical gene to a currently targetable organ outside of the adrenal cortex. To explore this possibility, we developed a vector encoding human 21-hydroxylase and directed expression to the liver in a mouse model of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. This extra-adrenal expression resulted in reconstitution of the steroidogenic pathway. Aldosterone and renin levels normalized, and corticosterone levels improved sufficiently to reduce adrenal hyperplasia. This strategy could provide an alternative treatment option for monogenic adrenal disorders, particularly for mineralocorticoid defects. These findings also demonstrate, when targeting the adrenal gland, that inadvertent liver transduction should be precluded as it may confound data interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara E. Graves
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Eva B. van Dijk
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Erhua Zhu
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Sundar Koyyalamudi
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Tiffany Wotton
- NSW Newborn Screening Program, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Dinah Sung
- NSW Newborn Screening Program, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Shubha Srinivasan
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Samantha L. Ginn
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Ian E. Alexander
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
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Alotaibi AZ, AlMalki RH, Al Mogren M, Sebaa R, Alanazi M, Jacob M, Alodaib A, Alfares A, Abdel Rahman AM. Exploratory Untargeted Metabolomics of Dried Blood Spot Samples from Newborns with Maple Syrup Urine Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5720. [PMID: 38891907 PMCID: PMC11171634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, tandem mass spectrometry-based newborn screening (NBS), which examines targeted biomarkers, is the first approach used for the early detection of maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) in newborns, followed by confirmatory genetic mutation tests. However, these diagnostic approaches have limitations, demanding the development of additional tools for the diagnosis/screening of MUSD. Recently, untargeted metabolomics has been used to explore metabolic profiling and discover the potential biomarkers/pathways of inherited metabolic diseases. Thus, we aimed to discover a distinctive metabolic profile and biomarkers/pathways for MSUD newborns using untargeted metabolomics. Herein, untargeted metabolomics was used to analyze dried blood spot (DBS) samples from 22 MSUD and 22 healthy control newborns. Our data identified 210 altered endogenous metabolites in MSUD newborns and new potential MSUD biomarkers, particularly L-alloisoleucine, methionine, and lysoPI. In addition, the most impacted pathways in MSUD newborns were the ascorbate and aldarate pathways and pentose and glucuronate interconversions, suggesting that oxidative and detoxification events may occur in early life. Our approach leads to the identification of new potential biomarkers/pathways that could be used for the early diagnosis/screening of MSUD newborns but require further validation studies. Our untargeted metabolomics findings have undoubtedly added new insights to our understanding of the pathogenicity of MSUD, which helps us select the appropriate early treatments for better health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Z. Alotaibi
- Genome Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11652, Saudi Arabia; (A.Z.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Reem H. AlMalki
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (M.A.M.); (M.J.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Maha Al Mogren
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (M.A.M.); (M.J.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Rajaa Sebaa
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Alanazi
- Genome Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11652, Saudi Arabia; (A.Z.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Minnie Jacob
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (M.A.M.); (M.J.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ahamd Alodaib
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (M.A.M.); (M.J.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ahmad Alfares
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (M.A.M.); (M.J.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Anas M. Abdel Rahman
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (M.A.M.); (M.J.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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Baruteau J, Brunetti-Pierri N, Gissen P. Liver-directed gene therapy for inherited metabolic diseases. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024; 47:9-21. [PMID: 38171926 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Gene therapy clinical trials are rapidly expanding for inherited metabolic liver diseases whilst two gene therapy products have now been approved for liver based monogenic disorders. Liver-directed gene therapy has recently become an option for treatment of haemophilias and is likely to become one of the favoured therapeutic strategies for inherited metabolic liver diseases in the near future. In this review, we present the different gene therapy vectors and strategies for liver-targeting, including gene editing. We highlight the current development of viral and nonviral gene therapy for a number of inherited metabolic liver diseases including urea cycle defects, organic acidaemias, Crigler-Najjar disease, Wilson disease, glycogen storage disease Type Ia, phenylketonuria and maple syrup urine disease. We describe the main limitations and open questions for further gene therapy development: immunogenicity, inflammatory response, genotoxicity, gene therapy administration in a fibrotic liver. The follow-up of a constantly growing number of gene therapy treated patients allows better understanding of its benefits and limitations and provides strategies to design safer and more efficacious treatments. Undoubtedly, liver-targeting gene therapy offers a promising avenue for innovative therapies with an unprecedented potential to address the unmet needs of patients suffering from inherited metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Baruteau
- Department of Paediatric Metabolic Medicine, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK
- University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM, School of Advanced Studies), Genomics and Experimental Medicine Program, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paul Gissen
- Department of Paediatric Metabolic Medicine, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK
- University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
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5
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Pontoizeau C, Gaborit C, Tual N, Simon-Sola M, Rotaru I, Benoist M, Colella P, Lamazière A, Brassier A, Arnoux JB, Rötig A, Ottolenghi C, de Lonlay P, Mingozzi F, Cavazzana M, Schiff M. Successful treatment of severe MSUD in Bckdhb -/- mice with neonatal AAV gene therapy. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024; 47:41-49. [PMID: 36880392 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by the dysfunction of the mitochondrial branched-chain 2-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKD) enzyme complex leading to massive accumulation of branched-chain amino acids and 2-keto acids. MSUD management, based on a life-long strict protein restriction with nontoxic amino acids oral supplementation represents an unmet need as it is associated with a poor quality of life, and does not fully protect from acute life-threatening decompensations or long-term neuropsychiatric complications. Orthotopic liver transplantation is a beneficial therapeutic option, which shows that restoration of only a fraction of whole-body BCKD enzyme activity is therapeutic. MSUD is thus an ideal target for gene therapy. We and others have tested AAV gene therapy in mice for two of the three genes involved in MSUD, BCKDHA and DBT. In this study, we developed a similar approach for the third MSUD gene, BCKDHB. We performed the first characterization of a Bckdhb-/- mouse model, which recapitulates the severe human phenotype of MSUD with early-neonatal symptoms leading to death during the first week of life with massive accumulation of MSUD biomarkers. Based on our previous experience in Bckdha-/- mice, we designed a transgene carrying the human BCKDHB gene under the control of a ubiquitous EF1α promoter, encapsidated in an AAV8 capsid. Injection in neonatal Bckdhb-/- mice at 1014 vg/kg achieved long-term rescue of the severe MSUD phenotype of Bckdhb-/- mice. These data further validate the efficacy of gene therapy for MSUD opening perspectives towards clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Pontoizeau
- Necker Hospital, APHP, Biochemistry, Metabolomics Unit, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Necker Hospital, APHP, Reference Center for Inborn Error of Metabolism, Pediatrics Department, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Inserm UMR_S1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | | | - Nolan Tual
- Inserm UMR_S1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | | | - Irina Rotaru
- Inserm UMR_S1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Anaïs Brassier
- Necker Hospital, APHP, Reference Center for Inborn Error of Metabolism, Pediatrics Department, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Arnoux
- Necker Hospital, APHP, Reference Center for Inborn Error of Metabolism, Pediatrics Department, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Agnès Rötig
- Inserm UMR_S1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Chris Ottolenghi
- Necker Hospital, APHP, Biochemistry, Metabolomics Unit, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Necker Hospital, APHP, Reference Center for Inborn Error of Metabolism, Pediatrics Department, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Inserm UMR_S1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Pascale de Lonlay
- Necker Hospital, APHP, Reference Center for Inborn Error of Metabolism, Pediatrics Department, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Inserm U1151, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | | | - Marina Cavazzana
- Inserm UMR_S1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
- Necker Hospital, APHP, Biotherapies Department and Clinical Investigation Center, Inserm, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Manuel Schiff
- Necker Hospital, APHP, Reference Center for Inborn Error of Metabolism, Pediatrics Department, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Inserm UMR_S1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
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6
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Carou-Senra P, Rodríguez-Pombo L, Monteagudo-Vilavedra E, Awad A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Basit AW, Goyanes A, Couce ML. 3D Printing of Dietary Products for the Management of Inborn Errors of Intermediary Metabolism in Pediatric Populations. Nutrients 2023; 16:61. [PMID: 38201891 PMCID: PMC10780524 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of Inborn Error of Intermediary Metabolism (IEiM) diseases may be low, yet collectively, they impact approximately 6-10% of the global population, primarily affecting children. Precise treatment doses and strict adherence to prescribed diet and pharmacological treatment regimens are imperative to avert metabolic disturbances in patients. However, the existing dietary and pharmacological products suffer from poor palatability, posing challenges to patient adherence. Furthermore, frequent dose adjustments contingent on age and drug blood levels further complicate treatment. Semi-solid extrusion (SSE) 3D printing technology is currently under assessment as a pioneering method for crafting customized chewable dosage forms, surmounting the primary limitations prevalent in present therapies. This method offers a spectrum of advantages, including the flexibility to tailor patient-specific doses, excipients, and organoleptic properties. These elements are pivotal in ensuring the treatment's efficacy, safety, and adherence. This comprehensive review presents the current landscape of available dietary products, diagnostic methods, therapeutic monitoring, and the latest advancements in SSE technology. It highlights the rationale underpinning their adoption while addressing regulatory aspects imperative for their seamless integration into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Carou-Senra
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Materials Institute (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (P.C.-S.); (L.R.-P.); (C.A.-L.)
| | - Lucía Rodríguez-Pombo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Materials Institute (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (P.C.-S.); (L.R.-P.); (C.A.-L.)
| | - Einés Monteagudo-Vilavedra
- Servicio de Neonatología, Unidad de Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Enfermedades Metabólicas Congénitas, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, RICORS, CIBERER, MetabERN, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Atheer Awad
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK;
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Materials Institute (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (P.C.-S.); (L.R.-P.); (C.A.-L.)
| | - Abdul W. Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK;
- FABRX Ltd., Henwood House, Henwood, Ashford, Kent TN24 8DH, UK
- FABRX Artificial Intelligence, 27543 O Saviñao, Spain
| | - Alvaro Goyanes
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Materials Institute (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (P.C.-S.); (L.R.-P.); (C.A.-L.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK;
- FABRX Ltd., Henwood House, Henwood, Ashford, Kent TN24 8DH, UK
- FABRX Artificial Intelligence, 27543 O Saviñao, Spain
| | - María L. Couce
- Servicio de Neonatología, Unidad de Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Enfermedades Metabólicas Congénitas, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, RICORS, CIBERER, MetabERN, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
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Kreiser T, Sogolovsky-Bard I, Zaguri D, Shaham-Niv S, Laor Bar-Yosef D, Gazit E. Branched-Chain Amino Acid Assembly into Amyloid-like Fibrils Provides a New Paradigm for Maple Syrup Urine Disease Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15999. [PMID: 37958982 PMCID: PMC10650742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inborn error of metabolism disorders (IEMs) are a family of diseases resulting from single-gene mutations that lead to the accumulation of metabolites that are usually toxic or interfere with normal cell function. The etiological link between metabolic alteration and the symptoms of IEMs is still elusive. Several metabolites, which accumulate in IEMs, were shown to self-assemble to form ordered structures. These structures display the same biophysical, biochemical, and biological characteristics as proteinaceous amyloid fibrils. Here, we have demonstrated, for the first time, the ability of each of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) that accumulate in maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) to self-assemble into amyloid-like fibrils depicted by characteristic morphology, binding to indicative amyloid-specific dyes and dose-dependent cytotoxicity by a late apoptosis mechanism. We could also detect the presence of the assemblies in living cells. In addition, by employing several in vitro techniques, we demonstrated the ability of known polyphenols to inhibit the formation of the BCAA fibrils. Our study implies that BCAAs possess a pathological role in MSUD, extends the paradigm-shifting concept regarding the toxicity of metabolite amyloid-like structures, and suggests new pathological targets that may lead to highly needed novel therapeutic opportunities for this orphan disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Topaz Kreiser
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (T.K.); (I.S.-B.); (D.Z.); (S.S.-N.); (D.L.B.-Y.)
| | - Ilana Sogolovsky-Bard
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (T.K.); (I.S.-B.); (D.Z.); (S.S.-N.); (D.L.B.-Y.)
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Dor Zaguri
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (T.K.); (I.S.-B.); (D.Z.); (S.S.-N.); (D.L.B.-Y.)
| | - Shira Shaham-Niv
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (T.K.); (I.S.-B.); (D.Z.); (S.S.-N.); (D.L.B.-Y.)
| | - Dana Laor Bar-Yosef
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (T.K.); (I.S.-B.); (D.Z.); (S.S.-N.); (D.L.B.-Y.)
| | - Ehud Gazit
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (T.K.); (I.S.-B.); (D.Z.); (S.S.-N.); (D.L.B.-Y.)
- Blavatnik Center for Drug Discovery, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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8
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Deon M, Guerreiro G, Girardi J, Ribas G, Vargas CR. Treatment of maple syrup urine disease: Benefits, risks, and challenges of liver transplantation. Int J Dev Neurosci 2023; 83:489-504. [PMID: 37340513 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is caused by a deficiency in the activity of the branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKD) complex, promoting the accumulation of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) leucine, isoleucine, and valine, as well as their respective α-keto acids. MSUD is an autosomal recessive hereditary metabolic disorder characterized by ketoacidosis, ataxia, coma, and mental and psychomotor retardation. The mechanisms involved in the brain damage caused by MSUD are not fully understood. Early diagnosis and treatment, as well as proper control of metabolic decompensation crises, are crucial for patients' survival and for a better prognosis. The recommended treatment consists of a high-calorie diet with restricted protein intake and specific formulas containing essential amino acids, except those accumulated in MSUD. This treatment will be maintained throughout life, being adjusted according to the patients' nutritional needs and BCAA concentration. Because dietary treatment may not be sufficient to prevent neurological damage in MSUD patients, other therapeutic strategies have been studied, including liver transplantation. With transplantation, it is possible to obtain an increase of about 10% of the normal BCKD in the body, an amount sufficient to maintain amino acid homeostasis and reduce metabolic decompensation crises. However, the experience related to this practice is very limited when considering the shortage of liver for transplantation and the risks related to the surgical procedure and immunosuppression. Thus, the purpose of this review is to survey the benefits, risks, and challenges of liver transplantation in the treatment of MSUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Deon
- Faculdade de Farmácia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Serviço de Genética Médica, HCPA, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gilian Guerreiro
- Faculdade de Farmácia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Serviço de Genética Médica, HCPA, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Julia Girardi
- Residência em Análises Clínicas do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Graziela Ribas
- Serviço de Genética Médica, HCPA, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carmen Regla Vargas
- Faculdade de Farmácia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Serviço de Genética Médica, HCPA, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Yao YX, Chen Y, Huang D, Liu C, Sun H, Zhou Y, Pei R, Wang Y, Wen Z, Yang B, Chen X. RNA-binding motif protein 24 inhibits HBV replication in vivo. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28969. [PMID: 37485644 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite the extensive use of effective vaccines and antiviral drugs, chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection continues to pose a serious threat to global public health. Therapies with novel mechanisms of action against HBV are being explored for achieving a functional cure. In this study, five murine models of HBV replication were used to investigate the inhibitory effect of RNA binding motif protein 24 (RBM24) on HBV replication. The findings revealed that RBM24 serves as a host restriction factor and suppresses HBV replication in vivo. The transient overexpression of RBM24 in hydrodynamics-based mouse models of HBV replication driven by the CMV or HBV promoters suppressed HBV replication. Additionally, the ectopic expression of RBM24 decreased viral accumulation and the levels of HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in an rcccDNA mouse model. The liver-directed transduction of adeno-associated viruses (AAV)-RBM24 mediated the stable hepatic expression of RBM24 in pAAV-HBV1.2 and HBV/tg mouse models, and markedly reduced the levels of HBV cccDNA and other viral indicators. Altogether, these findings revealed that RBM24 inhibits the replication of HBV in vivo, and RBM24 may be a potential therapeutic target for combating HBV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xuan Yao
- Joint Center of Translational Precision Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingshan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- GemPharmatech(Guangdong)Co., Ltd., Foshan, China
| | - Dan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Canyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Rongjuan Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Wen
- Joint Center of Translational Precision Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Joint Center of Translational Precision Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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