1
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Xiong J, Xie J, Cheng B, Dai Y, Cui X, Wang L, Liu Z, Zhou J, Wang N, Xu X, Chen X, Cheong SW, Liang SJ, Miao F. Electrical switching of Ising-superconducting nonreciprocity for quantum neuronal transistor. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4953. [PMID: 38858363 PMCID: PMC11164936 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48882-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonreciprocal quantum transport effect is mainly governed by the symmetry breaking of the material systems and is gaining extensive attention in condensed matter physics. Realizing electrical switching of the polarity of the nonreciprocal transport without external magnetic field is essential to the development of nonreciprocal quantum devices. However, electrical switching of superconducting nonreciprocity remains yet to be achieved. Here, we report the observation of field-free electrical switching of nonreciprocal Ising superconductivity in Fe3GeTe2/NbSe2 van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure. By taking advantage of this electrically switchable superconducting nonreciprocity, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept nonreciprocal quantum neuronal transistor, which allows for implementing the XOR logic gate and faithfully emulating biological functionality of a cortical neuron in the brain. Our work provides a promising pathway to realize field-free and electrically switchable nonreciprocity of quantum transport and demonstrate its potential in exploring neuromorphic quantum devices with both functionality and performance beyond the traditional devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlin Xiong
- Institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiao Xie
- Institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Physical Sciences, School of Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yudi Dai
- Institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Cui
- Institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Lizheng Wang
- Institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Zenglin Liu
- Institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- Institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Naizhou Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale and Department of Physics and Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xianghan Xu
- Center for Quantum Materials Synthesis and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Xianhui Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale and Department of Physics and Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sang-Wook Cheong
- Center for Quantum Materials Synthesis and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Shi-Jun Liang
- Institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China.
| | - Feng Miao
- Institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China.
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2
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Albano G, Portus L, Martinelli E, Pescitelli G, Di Bari L. Impact of Temperature on the Chiroptical Properties of Thin Films of Chiral Thiophene-based Oligomers. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300667. [PMID: 38339881 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
According to the theoretical model based on the Mueller matrix approach, the experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) for thin films of chiral organic dyes can be expressed as the sum of several contributions, two of which are the most significant: 1) an intrinsic component (CDiso) invariant upon sample orientation, reflecting the molecular and/or supramolecular chirality, due to 3D-chiral nanoscopic structures; 2) a non-reciprocal component (LDLB) which inverts its sign upon sample flipping, which arises from the interaction of linear dichroism and linear birefringence in locally anisotropic domains, expression of 2D-chiral micro/mesoscopic structures. In this work, we followed in parallel through ECD and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) the temperature evolution of the supramolecular arrangements of thin films of five structurally related chiral thiophene-based oligomers with different LDLB/CDiso ratio. By increasing the temperature, regardless of phase transitions observed by DSC analysis, systems with strong CDiso revealed no changes in the ECD spectrum, while compounds with dominant LDLB contribution underwent a gradual (and reversible) reduction of (apparent) ECD signals. These findings demonstrated that the concomitant occurrence of intrinsic and non-reciprocal components in the ECD spectrum of thin films of chiral organic dyes is strictly correlated with solid-state organizations of different stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Albano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Portus
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Martinelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Bari
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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3
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Bogdan A, Moraru IT, Vanthuyne N, Auban-Senzier P, Grosu I, Avarvari N, Pop F. Chiral Spiro-Tetrathiafulvalenes: Synthesis, Chiroptical Properties, Conformational Issues and Charge Transfer Complexes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400564. [PMID: 38525656 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Within this work we have investigated spiro-based tetrathiafulvalenes (TTFs) obtained as mixtures of stereoisomers from racemic spiro[5.5]undeca-1,8-dien-3-one. Compared to previously described spiro-TTFs, enantiomeric and diastereoisomeric forms have been here separated by chiral HPLC and fully characterized both experimentally and theoretically. The two types of spiro-based chiral derivatives contain either one (2) or three (1) chiral centres out of each one is spiro-type. Experimental CD, supported by TD-DFT calculations, shows differences in the optical activity between the 1 and 2 and their intermediates. The low optical activity of 2 and 3 (spiro alone chirality) was attributed to the presence of two conformers in the solution (ax and eq) of opposite Cotton effect whereas in the case of 1 and 5 (spiro and stereogenic centres) the spiro chirality seems to be responsible of the Cotton effect in the high energy region whereas the R and S chirality in the low energy region. Racemic and enantiopure forms have been successfully used for the synthesis of charge transfer complexes with tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) based acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Bogdan
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, F-, 49000, Angers, France
- Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry and SOOMCC, Cluj-Napoca, 11 Arany Janos Str, 400028, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ionut-Tudor Moraru
- Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 11 Arany Janos Str, 400028, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, UAR, 1739, FSCM, Chiropole, Marseille, France
| | - Pascale Auban-Senzier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, UMR 8502, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Ion Grosu
- Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry and SOOMCC, Cluj-Napoca, 11 Arany Janos Str, 400028, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Narcis Avarvari
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, F-, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Flavia Pop
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, F-, 49000, Angers, France
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4
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Bahamon DA, Gómez-Santos G, Efetov DK, Stauber T. Chirality Probe of Twisted Bilayer Graphene in the Linear Transport Regime. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:4478-4484. [PMID: 38584591 PMCID: PMC11036400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
We propose minimal transport experiments in the coherent regime that can probe the chirality of twisted moiré structures. We show that only with a third contact and in the presence of an in-plane magnetic field (or another time-reversal symmetry breaking effect) a chiral system may display nonreciprocal transport in the linear regime. We then propose to use the third lead as a voltage probe and show that opposite enantiomers give rise to different voltage drops on the third lead. Additionally, in the scenario of layer-discriminating contacts, the third lead can serve as a current probe capable of detecting different handedness even in the absence of a magnetic field. In a complementary configuration, applying opposite voltages on the two layers of the third lead gives rise to a chiral (super)current in the absence of a source-drain voltage whose direction is determined by its chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario A. Bahamon
- School of Engineering, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo 01302-907, Brazil
- MackGraphe
Graphene and Nanomaterials Research Institute, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo 01302-907, Brazil
- Departamento
de Teoría y Simulación de Materiales, Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Gómez-Santos
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás
Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dmitri K. Efetov
- Fakultät
für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Schellingstrasse 4, D-80799 München, Germany
- Munich Center
for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstrasse 4, D-80799 München, Germany
| | - Tobias Stauber
- Departamento
de Teoría y Simulación de Materiales, Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
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5
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Mazzola F, Brzezicki W, Mercaldo MT, Guarino A, Bigi C, Miwa JA, De Fazio D, Crepaldi A, Fujii J, Rossi G, Orgiani P, Chaluvadi SK, Chalil SP, Panaccione G, Jana A, Polewczyk V, Vobornik I, Kim C, Miletto-Granozio F, Fittipaldi R, Ortix C, Cuoco M, Vecchione A. Signatures of a surface spin-orbital chiral metal. Nature 2024; 626:752-758. [PMID: 38326617 PMCID: PMC10881390 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The relation between crystal symmetries, electron correlations and electronic structure steers the formation of a large array of unconventional phases of matter, including magneto-electric loop currents and chiral magnetism1-6. The detection of such hidden orders is an important goal in condensed-matter physics. However, until now, non-standard forms of magnetism with chiral electronic ordering have been difficult to detect experimentally7. Here we develop a theory for symmetry-broken chiral ground states and propose a methodology based on circularly polarized, spin-selective, angular-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy to study them. We use the archetypal quantum material Sr2RuO4 and reveal spectroscopic signatures that, despite being subtle, can be reconciled with the formation of spin-orbital chiral currents at the surface of the material8-10. As we shed light on these chiral regimes, our findings pave the way for a deeper understanding of ordering phenomena and unconventional magnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Mazzola
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy.
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Wojciech Brzezicki
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- International Centre for Interfacing Magnetism and Superconductivity with Topological Matter, Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Anita Guarino
- Istituto SPIN, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Fisciano, Italy
| | | | - Jill A Miwa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Domenico De Fazio
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | | | - Jun Fujii
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giorgio Rossi
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trieste, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Pasquale Orgiani
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | - Giancarlo Panaccione
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trieste, Italy
| | - Anupam Jana
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trieste, Italy
| | - Vincent Polewczyk
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ivana Vobornik
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trieste, Italy
| | - Changyoung Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Carmine Ortix
- Dipartimento di Fisica "E. R. Caianiello", Università di Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Mario Cuoco
- Istituto SPIN, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Fisciano, Italy.
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6
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Whittaker SJ, Zhou H, Spencer RB, Yang Y, Tiwari A, Bendesky J, McDowell M, Sundaram P, Lozano I, Kim S, An Z, Shtukenberg AG, Kahr B, Lee SS. Leveling up Organic Semiconductors with Crystal Twisting. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2024; 24:613-626. [PMID: 38250542 PMCID: PMC10797633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.3c01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The performance of crystalline organic semiconductors depends on the solid-state structure, especially the orientation of the conjugated components with respect to device platforms. Often, crystals can be engineered by modifying chromophore substituents through synthesis. Meanwhile, dissymetry is necessary for high-tech applications like chiral sensing, optical telecommunications, and data storage. The synthesis of dissymmetric molecules is a labor-intensive exercise that might be undermined because common processing methods offer little control over orientation. Crystal twisting has emerged as a generalizable method for processing organic semiconductors and offers unique advantages, such as patterning of physical and chemical properties and chirality that arises from mesoscale twisting. The precession of crystal orientations can enrich performance because achiral molecules in achiral space groups suddenly become candidates for the aforementioned technologies that require dissymetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- St. John Whittaker
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Hengyu Zhou
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Rochelle B. Spencer
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Yongfan Yang
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Akash Tiwari
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Justin Bendesky
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Merritt McDowell
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Pallavi Sundaram
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Idalys Lozano
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Shin Kim
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Zhihua An
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Alexander G. Shtukenberg
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Bart Kahr
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Stephanie S. Lee
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
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7
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Albano G, Taddeucci A, Pescitelli G, Di Bari L. Spatially Resolved Chiroptical Spectroscopies Emphasizing Recent Applications to Thin Films of Chiral Organic Dyes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301982. [PMID: 37515814 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Instrumental techniques able to identify and structurally characterize the aggregation states in thin films of chiral organic π-conjugated materials, from the first-order supramolecular arrangement up to the microscopic and mesoscopic scale, are very helpful for clarifying structure-property relationships. Chiroptical imaging is currently gaining a central role, for its ability of mapping local supramolecular structures in thin films. The present review gives an overview of electronic circular dichroism imaging (ECDi), circularly polarized luminescence imaging (CPLi), and vibrational circular dichroism imaging (VCDi), with a focus on their applications on thin films of chiral organic dyes as case studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Albano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Taddeucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- Diamond Light Source, Ltd., Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Bari
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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8
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Rikken GLJA, Avarvari N. Comparing Electrical Magnetochiral Anisotropy and Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9727-9731. [PMID: 37879090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The combination of chirality and magnetism has steadily grown over the past decennia into an area of intense research that evolves around two distinct manifestations and in two nonoverlapping communities: electrical magnetochiral anisotropy (eMChA) and chirality-induced spin-selectivity (CISS). Here, we discuss the similarities and differences of these two effects. Whereas the original CISS reports suggest an intimate relation with eMChA, magnetoresistance (MR) results on two-terminal chiral devices attributed to CISS have symmetry properties that are different from those of eMChA. At the same time, the magnitudes of CISS MR and eMChA turn out to be similar when normalized to current density and spin polarization, suggesting a common underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L J A Rikken
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses UPR3228 CNRS/EMFL/INSA/UGA/UPS, 31400/38042 Toulouse/Grenoble, France
| | - N Avarvari
- Université Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou SFR MATRIX, F-49000 Angers, France
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9
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Volpi M, Jouclas R, Liu J, Liu G, Catalano L, McIntosh N, Bardini M, Gatsios C, Modesti F, Turetta N, Beljonne D, Cornil J, Kennedy AR, Koch N, Erk P, Samorì P, Schweicher G, Geerts YH. Enantiopure Dinaphtho[2,3-b:2,3-f]thieno[3,2-b]thiophenes: Reaching High Magnetoresistance Effect in OFETs. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301914. [PMID: 37424043 PMCID: PMC10502826 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Chiral molecules are known to behave as spin filters due to the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. Chirality can be implemented in molecular semiconductors in order to study the role of the CISS effect in charge transport and to find new materials for spintronic applications. In this study, the design and synthesis of a new class of enantiopure chiral organic semiconductors based on the well-known dinaphtho[2,3-b:2,3-f]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (DNTT) core functionalized with chiral alkyl side chains is presented. When introduced in an organic field-effect transistor (OFET) with magnetic contacts, the two enantiomers, (R)-DNTT and (S)-DNTT, show an opposite behavior with respect to the relative direction of the magnetization of the contacts, oriented by an external magnetic field. Each enantiomer displays an unexpectedly high magnetoresistance over one preferred orientation of the spin current injected from the magnetic contacts. The result is the first reported OFET in which the current can be switched on and off upon inversion of the direction of the applied external magnetic field. This work contributes to the general understanding of the CISS effect and opens new avenues for the introduction of organic materials in spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Volpi
- Laboratoire de Chimie des PolymèresFaculté des SciencesUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)Boulevard du Triomphe, CP 206/01Bruxelles1050Belgium
| | - Rémy Jouclas
- Laboratoire de Chimie des PolymèresFaculté des SciencesUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)Boulevard du Triomphe, CP 206/01Bruxelles1050Belgium
| | - Jie Liu
- Laboratoire de Chimie des PolymèresFaculté des SciencesUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)Boulevard du Triomphe, CP 206/01Bruxelles1050Belgium
| | - Guangfeng Liu
- Laboratoire de Chimie des PolymèresFaculté des SciencesUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)Boulevard du Triomphe, CP 206/01Bruxelles1050Belgium
| | - Luca Catalano
- Laboratoire de Chimie des PolymèresFaculté des SciencesUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)Boulevard du Triomphe, CP 206/01Bruxelles1050Belgium
| | - Nemo McIntosh
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsCenter for Research in Molecular Electronics and PhotonicsUniversity of MonsPlace du Parc 23MonsB‐7000Belgium
| | - Marco Bardini
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsCenter for Research in Molecular Electronics and PhotonicsUniversity of MonsPlace du Parc 23MonsB‐7000Belgium
| | - Christos Gatsios
- Helmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH12489BerlinGermany
- Institut für Physik and IRIS AdlershofHumboldt‐Universitat zu Berlin12489BerlinGermany
| | | | - Nicholas Turetta
- CNRSUniversity of StrasbourgISIS UMR 7006, 8 Alleé Gaspard MongeStrasbourgF‐67000France
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsCenter for Research in Molecular Electronics and PhotonicsUniversity of MonsPlace du Parc 23MonsB‐7000Belgium
| | - Jérôme Cornil
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsCenter for Research in Molecular Electronics and PhotonicsUniversity of MonsPlace du Parc 23MonsB‐7000Belgium
| | - Alan R. Kennedy
- Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeCathedral Street 295GlasgowG1 1XLUK
| | - Norbert Koch
- Helmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH12489BerlinGermany
- Institut für Physik and IRIS AdlershofHumboldt‐Universitat zu Berlin12489BerlinGermany
| | - Peter Erk
- BASF SERGD – J542S67056Ludwigshafen am RheinGermany
| | - Paolo Samorì
- CNRSUniversity of StrasbourgISIS UMR 7006, 8 Alleé Gaspard MongeStrasbourgF‐67000France
| | - Guillaume Schweicher
- Laboratoire de Chimie des PolymèresFaculté des SciencesUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)Boulevard du Triomphe, CP 206/01Bruxelles1050Belgium
| | - Yves H. Geerts
- Laboratoire de Chimie des PolymèresFaculté des SciencesUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)Boulevard du Triomphe, CP 206/01Bruxelles1050Belgium
- International Solvay Institutes for Physics and ChemistryUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)Boulevard du Triomphe, CP 231Bruxelles1050Belgium
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Hayashida T, Kimura K, Kimura T. Electric field-induced magnetochiral dichroism in a ferroaxial crystal. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303251120. [PMID: 37590413 PMCID: PMC10450678 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303251120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In a chiral medium, any mirror symmetries are broken, which induces unique physical properties represented by natural optical rotation. When electromagnetic waves propagate through a chiral medium placed in a magnetic field, the refractive index, or equivalently, the absorption encountered by the electromagnetic waves differs depending on whether it travels parallel or antiparallel to the magnetic field. Such a phenomenon is known as magnetochiral dichroism (MChD), which is the characteristic interplay between chirality and magnetism. Similar to chirality, the so-called ferroaxial order, an emergent ferroic state of crystalline materials, is also characterized by mirror symmetry breaking. In contrast to chiral materials, however, the mirror symmetry perpendicular to the crystalline principal axis is allowed in ferroaxial materials. In other words, chirality and thus phenomena unique to chirality can be induced by breaking the remaining mirror symmetry by applying an electric field. Here, we show electric control of chirality and resulting electric field-induced MChD (E-MChD) of the short-wavelength infrared region in a ferroaxial crystal, NiTiO3. We performed spectroscopy measurements of E-MChD by taking a difference of absorption coefficients obtained with and without electric and magnetic fields. As a result, E-MChD was observed around the excitation energy corresponding to Ni2+ d-d magnetic-dipole transitions. The result is nicely explained by adopting the theory of MChD concerning the pseudo-Stark splitting of the energy state. Ferroaxial materials therefore provide platforms to achieve electric control of chirality-related phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Hayashida
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba277-8561, Japan
| | - Kenta Kimura
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba277-8561, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kimura
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba277-8561, Japan
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