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Brochu H, Wang R, Tollison T, Pyo CW, Thomas A, Tseng E, Law L, Picker LJ, Gale M, Geraghty DE, Peng X. Alternative splicing and genetic variation of mhc-e: implications for rhesus cytomegalovirus-based vaccines. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1387. [PMID: 36536032 PMCID: PMC9762870 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04344-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV)-based vaccination against Simian Immunodeficiency virus (SIV) elicits MHC-E-restricted CD8+ T cells that stringently control SIV infection in ~55% of vaccinated rhesus macaques (RM). However, it is unclear how accurately the RM model reflects HLA-E immunobiology in humans. Using long-read sequencing, we identified 16 Mamu-E isoforms and all Mamu-E splicing junctions were detected among HLA-E isoforms in humans. We also obtained the complete Mamu-E genomic sequences covering the full coding regions of 59 RM from a RhCMV/SIV vaccine study. The Mamu-E gene was duplicated in 32 (54%) of 59 RM. Among four groups of Mamu-E alleles: three ~5% divergent full-length allele groups (G1, G2, G2_LTR) and a fourth monomorphic group (G3) with a deletion encompassing the canonical Mamu-E exon 6, the presence of G2_LTR alleles was significantly (p = 0.02) associated with the lack of RhCMV/SIV vaccine protection. These genomic resources will facilitate additional MHC-E targeted translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden Brochu
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
- Bioinformatics Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Ruihan Wang
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Tammy Tollison
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Chul-Woo Pyo
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Alexander Thomas
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | | | - Lynn Law
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Louis J Picker
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Michael Gale
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel E Geraghty
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
| | - Xinxia Peng
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.
- Bioinformatics Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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