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Li Y, Li L, Jiang H, Qian L, He M, Zhou D, Jiang K, Liu H, Qin X, Gao Y, Wu Q, Chi X, Li Z, Zhang J. An efficient approach toward production of near-zigzag single-chirality carbon nanotubes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn6519. [PMID: 38569036 PMCID: PMC10990264 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn6519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Synthesizing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with a narrow chirality distribution is essential for obtaining pure chirality materials through postgrowth sorting techniques. Using carbon monoxide chemical vapor deposition, we devise a ruthenium (Ru) catalyst supported by silica for the bulk production of SWCNTs containing only a few (n, m) species. The result is attributed to the limited carbon dissociation on the supported Ru clusters, favoring the growth of only small-diameter SWCNTs at comparable growth rates. The resulting materials expedite high-purity single chirality separation using gel chromatography, leading to unprecedented yields of 3.5% for (9, 1) and 5.2% for (9, 2) nanotubes, which surpass those separated from HiPco SWCNTs by two orders of magnitude. This work sheds light on the large-quantity synthesis of SWCNTs with enriched species beyond near-armchair ones for their high-yield separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahan Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Linhai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Liu Qian
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Maoshuai He
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Duanliang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics and Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kaili Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics and Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huaping Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaofan Qin
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yan Gao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Qianru Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xinyan Chi
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Zhibo Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials Shandong Provincial Education Department, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Han B, Li Y, Wu W, Cai X, Qiu S, He X, Wang S. Infrared Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Chirality-Sorted Carbon Nanotube Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:4975-4983. [PMID: 38233025 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
An important goal in carbon nanotube optoelectronics is to achieve a high-performance near-infrared light source. But there are still many challenges such as the purity of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) chirality, nonradiative defects, thin-film quality, and device structure design. Here, we realize infrared light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on chirality-sorted (10, 5) SWCNT network films, which operate at a low bias voltage and emit at a telecom O band of 1290 nm. Asymmetric palladium (Pd) and hafnium (Hf) contacts are used as electrodes for hole and electron injection, respectively. However, the large Schottky barrier at the interface of the SWCNTs and the Hf electrode, primarily resulting from the polymer wrapped on the nanotube surface during the sorting process, leads to inefficient electron injection and thus a low electroluminescence efficiency. We find that the efficiency of electron injection can be improved by the local doping of the nanotubes with dielectric layers of YOX-HfO2, which reduces the Schottky barrier at the SWCNT/Hf interface. Accordingly, the (10, 5) SWCNT film-based LED achieves an external quantum efficiency of larger than 0.05% without any optical coupling structure. With further improvement, we expect that such an infrared light source will have great application potential in the carbon nanotube monolithic optoelectronic integrated system and on-chip optical interconnection, especially in the field of short-distance optical fiber communications and data center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, China
| | - Yahui Li
- Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Weifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiang Cai
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Song Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei He
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Liu Y, Zhao Z, Kang L, Qiu S, Li Q. Molecular Doping Modulation and Applications of Structure-Sorted Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: A Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304075. [PMID: 37675833 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) that have a reproducible distribution of chiralities or single chirality are among the most competitive materials for realizing post-silicon electronics. Molecular doping, with its non-destructive and fine-tunable characteristics, is emerging as the primary doping approach for the structure-controlled SWCNTs, enabling their eventual use in various functional devices. This review provides an overview of important advances in the area of molecular doping of structure-controlled SWCNTs and their applications. The first part introduces the underlying physical process of molecular doping, followed by a comprehensive survey of the commonly used dopants for SWCNTs to date. Then, it highlights how the convergence of molecular doping and structure-sorting strategies leads to significantly improved functionality of SWCNT-based field-effect transistor arrays, transparent electrodes in optoelectronics, thermoelectrics, and many emerging devices. At last, several challenges and opportunities in this field are discussed, with the hope of shedding light on promoting the practical application of SWCNTs in future electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Division of Advanced Materials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Division of Advanced Materials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lixing Kang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Division of Advanced Materials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Song Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Division of Advanced Materials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qingwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Division of Advanced Materials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
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Zhao X, Wang K, Yang G, Wang X, Qiu C, Huang J, Long Y, Yang X, Yu B, Jia G, Yang F. Sorting of Cluster-Confined Metallic Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Fabricating Atomically Vacant Uranium Oxide. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25242-25251. [PMID: 37767700 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) heterostructures have shown great potential in catalysis, magnetism, and nanofluidics, in which host SWCNTs with certain conductivity (metallic or semiconducting) are highly required. Herein, inspired by the large molecular weight and redox properties of polyoxometalate (POM) clusters, we reported the selective separation of POM encapsulated metallic SWCNTs (POM@m-SWCNTs) with a uniform diameter through density gradient ultracentrifugation (DGU). The confined POMs increased the SWCNT density and amplified the nanotubes' density difference, thus greatly lowering the centrifugal force (70,000g) of DGU. With this strategy, a series of POM@m-SWCNTs of ∼1.2 nm with high purity were sorted. The mechanism supported by theoretical and experimental evidence showed that the separation of m-SWCNTs depended on not only nanotube/cluster size but also the conductivity of SWCNTs. The smallest 1.2 nm m-SWCNT that can exactly accommodate a 0.9 nm-{Mo6} cluster exhibited the maximum electron transfer to inner clusters; thus, intertube π-π stacking of such m-SWCNTs was greatly loosened, leading to the preferential dispersion into individual ones and partitioning in the uppermost layer after DGU. As a proof-of-concept application, this sorting strategy was extended to separate heavy-element 238U-encapsulated m-SWCNTs. The phase-pure, tiny (1-2.5 nm) U4O9 crystals with atomic vacancy clusters were fabricated on m-SWCNTs through growth kinetic control. This work may provide a general way to construct desired actinide materials on specific SWCNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guoping Yang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chenguang Qiu
- Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Yanglin Long
- Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoxin Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Boyuan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guodong Jia
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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