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Sung SH, Agarwal N, El Baggari I, Kezer P, Goh YM, Schnitzer N, Shen JM, Chiang T, Liu Y, Lu W, Sun Y, Kourkoutis LF, Heron JT, Sun K, Hovden R. Endotaxial stabilization of 2D charge density waves with long-range order. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1403. [PMID: 38360698 PMCID: PMC10869719 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Charge density waves are emergent quantum states that spontaneously reduce crystal symmetry, drive metal-insulator transitions, and precede superconductivity. In low-dimensions, distinct quantum states arise, however, thermal fluctuations and external disorder destroy long-range order. Here we stabilize ordered two-dimensional (2D) charge density waves through endotaxial synthesis of confined monolayers of 1T-TaS2. Specifically, an ordered incommensurate charge density wave (oIC-CDW) is realized in 2D with dramatically enhanced amplitude and resistivity. By enhancing CDW order, the hexatic nature of charge density waves becomes observable. Upon heating via in-situ TEM, the CDW continuously melts in a reversible hexatic process wherein topological defects form in the charge density wave. From these results, new regimes of the CDW phase diagram for 1T-TaS2 are derived and consistent with the predicted emergence of vestigial quantum order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Hyun Sung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Nishkarsh Agarwal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | | | - Patrick Kezer
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yin Min Goh
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Noah Schnitzer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jeremy M Shen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Tony Chiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, PR China
| | - Wenjian Lu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, PR China
| | - Yuping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, PR China
| | - Lena F Kourkoutis
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - John T Heron
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Robert Hovden
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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