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Nakatsuji M, Fujimori K. Adipocyte-conditioned medium induces tamoxifen resistance by activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119821. [PMID: 39159684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Resistance to endocrine therapy is a major clinical challenge in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Obesity is associated with the clinical response to ER-positive breast cancers; however, the mechanism underlying obesity-induced resistance to endocrine therapy in ER-positive breast cancers remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying obesity-induced resistance to tamoxifen (TAM), an anti-estrogen agent, in the ER-positive breast cancer cell line MCF-7 using differentiated adipocyte-conditioned medium (D-CM). Treatment of the cells with D-CM promoted TAM resistance by reducing TAM-induced apoptosis. The expression levels of the ERα target genes were higher in D-CM-treated cells than those in untreated ones. In contrast, when the cells were cultured in the presence of TAM, the expression levels were decreased, with or without D-CM. Moreover, the expression of the markers for cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) and mammosphere formation was enhanced by co-treating with D-CM and TAM, compared with TAM alone. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway was activated in MCF-7 cells by D-CM treatment, even in the presence of TAM. Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway decreased the expression levels of the CSC markers, suppressed mammosphere formation, and resensitized to TAM via inducing apoptosis in D-CM-treated cells. These results indicate that the conditioned medium of differentiated adipocytes promoted TAM resistance by inducing the CSC phenotype through activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in ER-positive breast cancer cells. Thus, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway may be a therapeutic target in obese patients with ER-positive breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Nakatsuji
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Ko Fujimori
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
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Cheng TYD, Fu DA, Falzarano SM, Zhang R, Datta S, Zhang W, Omilian AR, Aduse-Poku L, Bian J, Irianto J, Asirvatham JR, Campbell-Thompson M. Association of computed tomography scan-assessed body composition with immune and PI3K/AKT pathway proteins in distinct breast cancer tumor components. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.21.24307688. [PMID: 38826360 PMCID: PMC11142286 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.21.24307688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
This hypothesis-generating study aims to examine the extent to which computed tomography-assessed body composition phenotypes are associated with immune and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in breast tumors. A total of 52 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer were classified into four body composition types: adequate (lowest two tertiles of total adipose tissue [TAT]) and highest two tertiles of total skeletal muscle [TSM] areas); high adiposity (highest tertile of TAT and highest two tertiles of TSM); low muscle (lowest tertile of TSM and lowest two tertiles of TAT); and high adiposity with low muscle (highest tertile of TAT and lowest tertile of TSM). Immune and PI3K/AKT pathway proteins were profiled in tumor epithelium and the leukocyte-enriched stromal microenvironment using GeoMx (NanoString). Linear mixed models were used to compare log2-transformed protein levels. Compared with the normal type, the low muscle type was associated with higher expression of INPP4B (log2-fold change = 1.14, p = 0.0003, false discovery rate = 0.028). Other significant associations included low muscle type with increased CTLA4 and decreased pan-AKT expression in tumor epithelium, and high adiposity with increased CD3, CD8, CD20, and CD45RO expression in stroma (P<0.05; false discovery rate >0.2). With confirmation, body composition can be associated with signaling pathways in distinct components of breast tumors, highlighting the potential utility of body composition in informing tumor biology and therapy efficacies.
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Yang H, Liu L, Zhang X. Exercise interventions on body composition and quality of life of overweight/obese breast cancer survivors: a meta-analysis. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:484. [PMID: 37700300 PMCID: PMC10498647 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02627-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of exercise interventions on body composition and quality of life in overweight/obese breast cancer survivors. METHODS Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases and assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's assessing risk tool. The effect size was pooled as weighted mean difference (WMD) for body composition variables (i.e., body mass index [BMI], body fat, body weight, fat mass, lean mass, bone mineral density) and quality of life (i.e., physical health and mental health), and the confidence interval (CI) was set as 95%. Since heterogeneity existed, subgroup analysis was conducted to detect the source of heterogeneity. RESULTS Eight articles from six RCTs containing 548 overweight/obese breast cancer survivors (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) were included and analyzed. Compared to routine care, exercise intervention significantly decreased the body mass index [WMD (95% CI) = -1.37 (-2.50, -0.23) kg/m2] and body fat [WMD (95% CI) = -3.80 (-6.59, -1.01) %] of overweight/obese breast cancer survivors. Exercise intervention showed a tendency to increase physical health [WMD (95% CI) = 2.65 (-10.19, 15.48)] and mental health [WMD (95%CI) = 1.38 (-4.18, 6.95)], but no statistical significance was observed. A subgroup analysis showed the duration of intervention was a source of heterogeneity on body composition. In the 16-week subgroup, exercise intervention decreased fat mass and BMI while increased lean mass and bone mineral density. The 52-week exercise intervention was effective in increasing lean mass. A significant exercise intervention effect on reducing body fat was only detected in the 12-week subgroup. CONCLUSION Exercise intervention significantly decreased the body mass index and body fat of overweight/obese breast cancer survivors. The benefits of exercise interventions for overweight/obese breast cancer survivors need more evidence from high-quality RCTs with large sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchang Yang
- Physical Education Department, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No.264, Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- Department of Kinesiology, Centenary College of Louisiana, 2911 Centenary Blvd, Shreveport, LA, USA.
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Ilozumba MN, Yaghjyan L, Datta S, Zhao J, Hong CC, Lunetta KL, Zirpoli G, Bandera EV, Palmer JR, Yao S, Ambrosone CB, Cheng TYD. mTOR pathway candidate genes and energy intake interaction on breast cancer risk in Black women from the Women's Circle of Health Study. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:2593-2604. [PMID: 37209192 PMCID: PMC10695182 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03176-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive energy intake has been shown to affect the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and breast cancer risk. It is not well understood whether there are gene-environment interactions between mTOR pathway genes and energy intake in relation to breast cancer risk. METHODS The study included 1642 Black women (809 incident breast cancer cases and 833 controls) from the Women's Circle of Health Study (WCHS). We examined interactions between 43 candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 20 mTOR pathway genes and quartiles of energy intake in relation to breast cancer risk overall and by ER- defined subtypes using Wald test with a 2-way interaction term. RESULTS AKT1 rs10138227 (C > T) was only associated with a decreased overall breast cancer risk among women in quartile (Q)2 of energy intake, odds ratio (OR) = 0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.40, 0.91 (p-interaction = 0.042). Similar results were found in ER- tumors. AKT rs1130214 (C > A) was associated with decreased overall breast cancer risk in Q2 (OR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.44, 0.91) and Q3 (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.48, 0.89) (p-interaction = 0.026). HIF-1α C1772T rs11549465 (C > T) was associated with decreased overall breast cancer risk in Q4 (OR = 0.29, 95% CI 0.14, 0.59, p-interaction = 0.007); the results were similar in ER+ tumors. These interactions became non-significant after correction for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that mTOR genetic variants may interact with energy intake in relation to breast cancer risk, including the ER- subtype, in Black women. Future studies should confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mmadili N Ilozumba
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Lusine Yaghjyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Susmita Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jinying Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chi-Chen Hong
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn L Lunetta
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gary Zirpoli
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christine B Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Ting-Yuan David Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Suite 525, 1590 North High Street, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA.
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Ajabnoor GMA. The Molecular and Genetic Interactions between Obesity and Breast Cancer Risk. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1338. [PMID: 37512149 PMCID: PMC10384495 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59071338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is considered the leading cause of death among females worldwide. Various risk factors contribute to BC development, such as age, genetics, reproductive factors, obesity, alcohol intake, and lifestyle. Obesity is considered to be a pandemic health problem globally, affecting millions of people worldwide. Obesity has been associated with a high risk of BC development. Determining the impact of obesity on BC development risk in women by demonstrating the molecular and genetic association in pre- and post-menopause females and risk to BC initiation is crucial in order to improve the diagnosis and prognosis of BC disease. In epidemiological studies, BC in premenopausal women was shown to be protective in a certain pattern. These altered effects between the two phases could be due to various physiological changes, such as estrogen/progesterone fluctuating levels. In addition, the relationship between BC risk and obesity is indicated by different molecular alterations as metabolic pathways and genetic mutation or epigenetic DNA changes supporting a strong connection between obesity and BC risk. However, these molecular and genetic alteration remain incompletely understood. The aim of this review is to highlight and elucidate the different molecular mechanisms and genetic changes occurring in obese women and their association with BC risk and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada M A Ajabnoor
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Food, Nutrition and Lifestyle Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21551, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Cheng TYD, Zhang R, Gong Z, Qin B, Cannioto RA, Datta S, Zhang W, Omilian AR, Yao S, Khoury T, Hong CC, Bandera EV, Ambrosone CB. Association Between Recreational Physical Activity and mTOR Signaling Pathway Protein Expression in Breast Tumor Tissue. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:395-403. [PMID: 36895729 PMCID: PMC9990525 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is associated with decreased signaling in the mTOR pathway in animal models of mammary cancer, which may indicate favorable outcomes. We examined the association between PA and protein expression in the mTOR signaling pathway in breast tumor tissue. Data on 739 patients with breast cancer, among which 125 patients had adjacent-normal tissue, with tumor expression for mTOR, phosphorylated (p)-mTOR, p-AKT, and p-P70S6K were analyzed. Self-reported recreational PA levels during the year prior to diagnosis were classified using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guideline as sufficient (for moderate or vigorous) PA or insufficient PA (any PA but not meeting the guideline) or no PA. We performed linear models for mTOR protein and two-part gamma hurdle models for phosphorylated proteins. Overall, 34.8% of women reported sufficient PA; 14.2%, insufficient PA; 51.0%, no PA. Sufficient (vs. no) PA was associated with higher expression for p-P70S6K [35.8% increase; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.6-80.2] and total phosphoprotein (28.5% increase; 95% CI, 5.8-56.3) among tumors with positive expression. In analyses stratified by PA intensity, sufficient versus no vigorous PA was also associated with higher expression levels of mTOR (beta = 17.7; 95% CI, 1.1-34.3) and total phosphoprotein (28.6% higher; 95% CI, 1.4-65.0 among women with positive expression) in tumors. The study found that guideline-concordant PA levels were associated with increased mTOR signaling pathway activity in breast tumors. Studying PA in relation to mTOR signaling in humans may need to consider the complexity of the behavioral and biological factors. Significance PA increases energy expenditure and limits energy utilization in the cell, which can influence the mTOR pathway that is central to sensing energy influx and regulating cell growth. We studied exercise-mediated mTOR pathway activities in breast tumor and adjacent-normal tissue. Despite the discrepancies between animal and human data and the limitations of our approach, the findings provide a foundation to study the mechanisms of PA and their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yuan David Cheng
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Corresponding Author: Ting-Yuan David Cheng, The Ohio State University, 1590 N High St., Suite 525, Columbus, OH 43201. Phone: 614-366-4221; Fax: 614-293-5611; E-mail:
| | - Runzhi Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Zhihong Gong
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Bo Qin
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Rikki A. Cannioto
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Susmita Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Weizhou Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Angela R. Omilian
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Thaer Khoury
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Chi-Chen Hong
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Elisa V. Bandera
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Christine B. Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
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Ondracek RP, Chen J, Marosy B, Szewczyk S, Medico L, Mohan AS, Nair P, Pratt R, Roh JM, Khoury T, Carpten J, Kushi LH, Palmer JR, Doheny K, Davis W, Higgins MJ, Yao S, Ambrosone CB. Results and lessons from dual extraction of DNA and RNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded breast tumor tissues for a large Cancer epidemiologic study. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:614. [PMID: 36008758 PMCID: PMC9404650 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08837-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues has become a common practice in clinical and epidemiologic genetic research. Simultaneous extraction of DNA and RNA from FFPE tissues is appealing but can be practically challenging. Here we report our results and lessons learned from processing FFPE breast tumor tissues for a large epidemiologic study. METHODS Qiagen AllPrep DNA/RNA FFPE kit was adapted for dual extraction using tissue punches or sections from breast tumor tissues. The yield was quantified using Qubit and fragmentation analysis by Agilent Bioanalyzer. A subset of the DNA samples were used for genome-wide DNA methylation assays and RNA samples for sequencing. The QC metrices and performance of the assays were analyzed with pre-analytical variables. RESULTS A total of 1859 FFPE breast tumor tissues were processed. We found it critical to adjust proteinase K digestion time based on tissue volume to achieve balanced yields of DNA and RNA. Tissue punches taken from tumor-enriched regions provided the most reliable output. A median of 1475 ng DNA and 1786 ng RNA per sample was generated. The median DNA integrity number (DIN) was 3.8 and median DV200 for RNA was 33.2. Of 1294 DNA samples used in DNA methylation assays, 97% passed quality check by qPCR and 92% generated data deemed high quality. Of the 130 RNA samples with DV200 ≥ 20% used in RNA-sequencing, all but 5 generated usable transcriptomic data with a mapping rate ≥ 60%. CONCLUSIONS Dual DNA/RNA purification using Qiagen AllPrep FFPE extraction protocol is feasible for clinical and epidemiologic studies. We recommend tissue punches as a reliable source material and fine tuning of proteinase K digestion time based on tissue volume. IMPACT Our protocol and recommendations may be adapted by future studies for successful extraction of archived tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle Payne Ondracek
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Jianhong Chen
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
| | - Beth Marosy
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Johns Hopkins Genomics, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sirinapa Szewczyk
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Leonard Medico
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Amrutha Sherly Mohan
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Priya Nair
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Rachel Pratt
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Janise M Roh
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Thaer Khoury
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - John Carpten
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lawrence H Kushi
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kim Doheny
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Johns Hopkins Genomics, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Warren Davis
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Michael J Higgins
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Christine B Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
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Ilozumba MN, Yao S, Llanos AAM, Omilian AR, Zhang W, Datta S, Hong CC, Davis W, Khoury T, Bandera EV, Higgins M, Ambrosone CB, Cheng TYD. mTOR pathway gene expression in association with race and clinicopathological characteristics in Black and White breast cancer patients. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:34. [PMID: 35608730 PMCID: PMC9130392 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00497-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant activation of the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathway has been linked to obesity and endocrine therapy resistance, factors that may contribute to Black-White disparities in breast cancer outcomes. We evaluated associations of race and clinicopathological characteristics with mRNA expression of key mTOR pathway genes in breast tumors. METHODS Surgical tumor tissue blocks were collected from 367 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients (190 Black and 177 White). Gene expression of AKT1, EIF4EBP1, MTOR, RPS6KB2, and TSC1 were quantified by NanoString nCounter. Differential gene expression was assessed using linear regression on log2-transformed values. Gene expression and DNA methylation data from TCGA were used for validation and investigation of race-related differences. RESULTS Compared to White women, Black women had relative under-expression of AKT1 (log2 fold-change = - 0.31, 95% CI - 0.44, - 0.18) and RPS6KB2 (log2 fold-change = - 0.11, 95% CI - 0.19, - 0.03). Higher vs. lower tumor grade was associated with relative over-expression of EIF4EBP1 and RPS6KB2, but with lower expression of TSC1. Compared to luminal tumors, triple-negative tumors had relative under-expression of TSC1 (log2 fold-change = - 0.42, 95% CI - 0.22, - 0.01). The results were similar in the TCGA breast cancer dataset. Post-hoc analyses identified differential CpG methylation within the AKT1 and RPS6KB2 locus between Black and White women. CONCLUSIONS Over-expression of RPS6KB2 and EIF4EBP1 and under-expression of TSC1 might be indicators of more aggressive breast cancer phenotypes. Differential expression of AKT1 and RPS6KB2 by race warrants further investigation to elucidate their roles in racial disparities of treatment resistance and outcomes between Black and White women with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Adana A M Llanos
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, New York, United States
| | - Angela R Omilian
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Weizhou Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Susmita Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chi-Chen Hong
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Warren Davis
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Thaer Khoury
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Michael Higgins
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christine B Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Ting-Yuan David Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Suite 525, 1590 North High Street, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA.
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Cheng TYD, Omilian AR, Yao S, Zhang W, Datta S, Bshara W, Ondracek RP, Davis W, Liu S, Hong CC, Bandera EV, Khoury T, Ambrosone CB. Body fatness and breast cancer risk in relation to phosphorylated mTOR expression in a sample of predominately Black women. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:77. [PMID: 34330319 PMCID: PMC8325192 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01458-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway promoted by positive energy imbalance and insulin-like growth factors can be a mechanism by which obesity influences breast cancer risk. We evaluated the associations of body fatness with the risk of breast cancer varied with phosphorylated (p)-mTOR protein expression, an indication of the pathway activation. METHODS Women with newly diagnosed breast cancer (n = 715; 574 [80%] Black and 141 [20%] White) and non-cancer controls (n = 1983; 1280 [64%] Black and 713 [36%] White) were selected from the Women's Circle of Health Study. Surgical tumor samples among the cases were immunostained for p-mTOR (Ser2448) and classified as p-mTOR-overexpressed, if the expression level ≥ 75th percentile, or p-mTOR-negative/low otherwise. Anthropometrics were measured by trained staff, and body composition was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) of p-mTOR-overexpressed tumors and p-mTOR-negative/low tumors compared to controls were estimated using polytomous logistic regression. The differences in the associations by the p-mTOR expression status were assessed by tests for heterogeneity. RESULTS Cases with p-mTOR-overexpressed tumors, but not cases with p-mTOR-negative/low tumors, compared to controls were more likely to have higher body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, and fat mass index (P-heterogeneity < 0.05), although the OR estimates were not significant. For the measurement of central adiposity, cases with p-mTOR overexpressed tumors had a higher odds of being at the Q3 (OR = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.46 to 4.34) and Q4 (OR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.12 to 3.50) of waist circumference (WC) compared to controls. Similarly, cases with p-mTOR overexpressed tumors had a higher odds of being at the Q3 (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.11 to 2.98) and Q4 (OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.11 to 2.98) of WHR compared to controls. These associations of WC and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) did not differ by tumor p-mTOR status (P-heterogeneity = 0.27 and 0.48, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that in this population composed of predominately Black women, body fatness is associated with breast cancer differently for p-mTOR overexpression and p-mTOR negative/low expression. Whether mTOR plays a role in the obesity and breast cancer association warrants confirmation by prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yuan David Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, 4th Floor, PO Box 100231, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA. .,Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Angela R Omilian
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Weizhou Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Susmita Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Wiam Bshara
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Rochelle Payne Ondracek
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Warren Davis
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, NY, Buffalo, USA
| | - Chi-Chen Hong
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Thaer Khoury
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christine B Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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10
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Thompson C, Rahman MM, Singh S, Arthur S, Sierra-Bakhshi C, Russell R, Denning K, Sundaram U, Salisbury T. The Adipose Tissue-Derived Secretome (ADS) in Obesity Uniquely Induces L-Type Amino Acid Transporter 1 (LAT1) and mTOR Signaling in Estrogen-Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6706. [PMID: 34201429 PMCID: PMC8268498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity increases the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer (BC). This risk is mediated by obesity-induced changes in the adipose-derived secretome (ADS). The pathogenesis of BC in obesity is stimulated by mTOR hyperactivity. In obesity, leucine might support mTOR hyperactivity. Leucine uptake by BC cells is through L-Type Amino Acid Transporter 1 (LAT1). Our objective was to link obesity-ADS induction of LAT1 to the induction of mTOR signaling. Lean- and obese-ADS were obtained from lean and obese mice, respectively. Breast ADS was obtained from BC patients. Estrogen-receptor-positive BC cells were stimulated with ADS. LAT1 activity was determined by uptake of 3H-leucine. The LAT1/CD98 complex, and mTOR signaling were assayed by Western blot. The LAT1 antagonists, BCH and JPH203, were used to inhibit LAT1. Cell migration and invasion were measured by Transwell assays. The results showed obese-ADS-induced LAT1 activity by increasing transporter affinity for leucine. Consistent with this mechanism, LAT1 and CD98 expression were unchanged. Induction of mTOR by obese-ADS was inhibited by LAT1 antagonists. Breast ADS from patients with BMIs > 30 stimulated BC cell migration and invasiveness. Collectively, our findings show that obese-ADS induction of LAT1 supports mTOR hyperactivity in luminal BC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Thompson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Appalachian Center for Cellular Transport in Obesity Related Disorders, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV 25755, USA; (C.T.); (C.S.-B.)
| | - M Motiur Rahman
- Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences and Appalachian Clinical and Translational Science Institute and Appalachian Center for Cellular Transport in Obesity Related Disorders, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1600 Medical Center Drive, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Soudamani Singh
- Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences and Appalachian Clinical and Translational Science Institute and Appalachian Center for Cellular Transport in Obesity Related Disorders, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1600 Medical Center Drive, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Subha Arthur
- Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences and Appalachian Clinical and Translational Science Institute and Appalachian Center for Cellular Transport in Obesity Related Disorders, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1600 Medical Center Drive, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Cecilia Sierra-Bakhshi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Appalachian Center for Cellular Transport in Obesity Related Disorders, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV 25755, USA; (C.T.); (C.S.-B.)
| | - Rebecca Russell
- Cabell Huntington Hospital Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Appalachian Center for Cellular Transport in Obesity Related Disorders, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (R.R.); (K.D.)
| | - Krista Denning
- Cabell Huntington Hospital Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Appalachian Center for Cellular Transport in Obesity Related Disorders, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (R.R.); (K.D.)
| | - Uma Sundaram
- Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences and Appalachian Clinical and Translational Science Institute and Appalachian Center for Cellular Transport in Obesity Related Disorders, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1600 Medical Center Drive, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Travis Salisbury
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Appalachian Center for Cellular Transport in Obesity Related Disorders, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV 25755, USA; (C.T.); (C.S.-B.)
- Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences and Appalachian Clinical and Translational Science Institute and Appalachian Center for Cellular Transport in Obesity Related Disorders, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1600 Medical Center Drive, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.); (S.A.); (U.S.)
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11
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Bustamante-Marin XM, Merlino JL, Devericks E, Carson MS, Hursting SD, Stewart DA. Mechanistic Targets and Nutritionally Relevant Intervention Strategies to Break Obesity-Breast Cancer Links. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:632284. [PMID: 33815289 PMCID: PMC8011316 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.632284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide prevalence of overweight and obesity has tripled since 1975. In the United States, the percentage of adults who are obese exceeds 42.5%. Individuals with obesity often display multiple metabolic perturbations, such as insulin resistance and persistent inflammation, which can suppress the immune system. These alterations in homeostatic mechanisms underlie the clinical parameters of metabolic syndrome, an established risk factor for many cancers, including breast cancer. Within the growth-promoting, proinflammatory milieu of the obese state, crosstalk between adipocytes, immune cells and breast epithelial cells occurs via obesity-associated hormones, angiogenic factors, cytokines, and other mediators that can enhance breast cancer risk and/or progression. This review synthesizes evidence on the biological mechanisms underlying obesity-breast cancer links, with emphasis on emerging mechanism-based interventions in the context of nutrition, using modifiable elements of diet alone or paired with physical activity, to reduce the burden of obesity on breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenna L. Merlino
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Emily Devericks
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Meredith S. Carson
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Stephen D. Hursting
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Delisha A. Stewart
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Kannapolis, NC, United States
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