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Ma S, He S, Liu J, Zhuang W, Li H, Lin C, Wang L, Feng J, Wang L. Metabolomics unveils the exacerbating role of arachidonic acid metabolism in atherosclerosis. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1297437. [PMID: 38384498 PMCID: PMC10879346 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1297437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a complex vascular disorder characterized by the deposition of lipids, inflammatory cascades, and plaque formation in arterial walls. A thorough understanding of its causes and progression is necessary to develop effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Recent breakthroughs in metabolomics have provided valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms and genetic factors involved in atherosclerosis, leading to innovative approaches for preventing and treating the disease. In our study, we analyzed clinical serum samples from both atherosclerosis patients and animal models using laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. By employing methods such as orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA), heatmaps, and volcano plots, we can accurately classify atherosclerosis (AUC = 0.892) and identify key molecules associated with the disease. Specifically, we observed elevated levels of arachidonic acid and its metabolite, leukotriene B4, in atherosclerosis. By inhibiting arachidonic acid and monitoring its downstream metabolites, we discovered the crucial role of this metabolic pathway in regulating atherosclerosis. Metabolomic research provides detailed insights into the metabolic networks involved in atherosclerosis development and reveals the close connection between abnormal metabolism and the disease. These studies offer new possibilities for precise diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of disease progression, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Songqing He
- Department of Cardiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanqing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Loveland PM, Yu JJ, Churilov L, Yassi N, Watson R. Investigation of Inflammation in Lewy Body Dementia: A Systematic Scoping Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12116. [PMID: 37569491 PMCID: PMC10418754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory mechanisms are increasingly recognized as important contributors to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Lewy body dementia (LBD). Our objectives were to, firstly, review inflammation investigation methods in LBD (dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia) and, secondly, identify alterations in inflammatory signals in LBD compared to people without neurodegenerative disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. A systematic scoping review was performed by searching major electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and PSYCHInfo) to identify relevant human studies. Of the 2509 results screened, 80 studies were included. Thirty-six studies analyzed postmortem brain tissue, and 44 investigated living subjects with cerebrospinal fluid, blood, and/or brain imaging assessments. Largely cross-sectional data were available, although two longitudinal clinical studies investigated prodromal Lewy body disease. Investigations were focused on inflammatory immune cell activity (microglia, astrocytes, and lymphocytes) and inflammatory molecules (cytokines, etc.). Results of the included studies identified innate and adaptive immune system contributions to inflammation associated with Lewy body pathology and clinical disease features. Different signals in early and late-stage disease, with possible late immune senescence and dystrophic glial cell populations, were identified. The strength of these associations is limited by the varying methodologies, small study sizes, and cross-sectional nature of the data. Longitudinal studies investigating associations with clinical and other biomarker outcomes are needed to improve understanding of inflammatory activity over the course of LBD. This could identify markers of disease activity and support therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M. Loveland
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3000, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3000, Australia
| | - Jenny J. Yu
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3000, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3000, Australia
| | - Leonid Churilov
- Department of Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3000, Australia
- Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3000, Australia
| | - Nawaf Yassi
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3000, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3000, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3000, Australia
| | - Rosie Watson
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3000, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3000, Australia
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Shin JH, Kim H, Kim YK, Yoon EJ, Nam H, Jeon B, Lee JY. Longitudinal evolution of cortical thickness signature reflecting Lewy body dementia in isolated REM sleep behavior disorder: a prospective cohort study. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:27. [PMID: 37217951 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00356-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The isolated rapid-eye-movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is a prodromal condition of Lewy body disease including Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We aim to investigate the longitudinal evolution of DLB-related cortical thickness signature in a prospective iRBD cohort and evaluate the possible predictive value of the cortical signature index in predicting dementia-first phenoconversion in individuals with iRBD. METHODS We enrolled 22 DLB patients, 44 healthy controls, and 50 video polysomnography-proven iRBD patients. Participants underwent 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical/neuropsychological evaluations. We characterized DLB-related whole-brain cortical thickness spatial covariance pattern (DLB-pattern) using scaled subprofile model of principal components analysis that best differentiated DLB patients from age-matched controls. We analyzed clinical and neuropsychological correlates of the DLB-pattern expression scores and the mean values of the whole-brain cortical thickness in DLB and iRBD patients. With repeated MRI data during the follow-up in our prospective iRBD cohort, we investigated the longitudinal evolution of the cortical thickness signature toward Lewy body dementia. Finally, we analyzed the potential predictive value of cortical thickness signature as a biomarker of phenoconversion in iRBD cohort. RESULTS The DLB-pattern was characterized by thinning of the temporal, orbitofrontal, and insular cortices and relative preservation of the precentral and inferior parietal cortices. The DLB-pattern expression scores correlated with attentional and frontal executive dysfunction (Trail Making Test-A and B: R = - 0.55, P = 0.024 and R = - 0.56, P = 0.036, respectively) as well as visuospatial impairment (Rey-figure copy test: R = - 0.54, P = 0.0047). The longitudinal trajectory of DLB-pattern revealed an increasing pattern above the cut-off in the dementia-first phenoconverters (Pearson's correlation, R = 0.74, P = 6.8 × 10-4) but no significant change in parkinsonism-first phenoconverters (R = 0.0063, P = 0.98). The mean value of the whole-brain cortical thickness predicted phenoconversion in iRBD patients with hazard ratio of 9.33 [1.16-74.12]. The increase in DLB-pattern expression score discriminated dementia-first from parkinsonism-first phenoconversions with 88.2% accuracy. CONCLUSION Cortical thickness signature can effectively reflect the longitudinal evolution of Lewy body dementia in the iRBD population. Replication studies would further validate the utility of this imaging marker in iRBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwan Shin
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heejung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Eun Jin Yoon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Nam
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Beomseok Jeon
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee-Young Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Pomary PK, Eichau S, Amigó N, Barrios L, Matesanz F, García-Valdecasas M, Hrom I, García Sánchez MI, Garcia-Martin ML. Multifaceted Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum from Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Patients: Potential Role of Vitamin C and Metal Ion Imbalance in the Divergence of Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis and Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:743-757. [PMID: 36720471 PMCID: PMC9990127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) primary progressive MS (PPMS) and secondary progressive MS (SPMS) are clinically distinguished by the rate at which symptoms worsen. Little is however known about the pathological mechanisms underlying the differential rate of accumulation of pathological changes. In this study, 1H NMR spectroscopy was used to measure low-molecular-weight metabolites in paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of PPMS, SPMS, and control patients, as well as to determine lipoproteins and glycoproteins in serum samples. Additionally, neurodegenerative and inflammatory markers, neurofilament light (NFL) and chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1), and the concentration of seven metal elements, Mg, Mn, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn, and Ca, were also determined in both CSF and serum. The results indicate that the pathological changes associated with progressive MS are mainly localized in the central nervous system (CNS). More so, PPMS and SPMS patients with comparable disability status are pathologically similar in relation to neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and some metabolites that distinguish them from controls. However, the rapid progression of PPMS from the onset may be driven by a combination of neurotoxicity induced by heavy metals coupled with diminished CNS antioxidative capacity associated with differential intrathecal ascorbate retention and imbalance of Mg and Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Precious Kwadzo Pomary
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), Universidad de Málaga, C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Sara Eichau
- Unidad de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Macarena, Av. Dr. Fedriani, 3, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Núria Amigó
- Biosfer Teslab, 43201 Reus, Spain.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University Rovira I Virgili, IISPV, CIBERDEM, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Laura Barrios
- Statistics Department, Computing Center (SGAI-CSIC), Pinar 19, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Fuencisla Matesanz
- Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina ″Lopez-Neyra″, Avda. del Conocimiento 17. P. T. Ciencias de la Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Marta García-Valdecasas
- Unidad de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Macarena, Av. Dr. Fedriani, 3, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ioana Hrom
- Unidad de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Macarena, Av. Dr. Fedriani, 3, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - María Isabel García Sánchez
- Unidad de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Macarena, Av. Dr. Fedriani, 3, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa Garcia-Martin
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), Universidad de Málaga, C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials & Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 29590 Málaga, Spain
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Zhao Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Tao C, Xu R, Chen Y, Qian L, Xu T, Lian X. PKM2-mediated neuronal hyperglycolysis enhances the risk of Parkinson's disease in diabetic rats. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:187-200. [PMID: 36908857 PMCID: PMC9999299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and animal studies indicate that pre-existing diabetes increases the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. In the present study, we found that high glucose (HG) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of diabetic rats might enhance the effect of a subthreshold dose of the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) on the development of motor disorders, and the damage to the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuronal pathway. In vitro, HG promoted the 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells differentiated to neurons with nerve growth factor (NGF) (NGF-PC12). Metabolomics showed that HG promoted hyperglycolysis in neurons and impaired tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) activity, which was closely related to abnormal mitochondrial fusion, thus resulting in mitochondrial loss. Interestingly, HG-induced upregulation of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) combined with 6-OHDA exposure not only mediated glycolysis but also promoted abnormal mitochondrial fusion by upregulating the expression of MFN2 in NGF-PC12 cells. In addition, we found that PKM2 knockdown rescued the abnormal mitochondrial fusion and cell apoptosis induced by HG+6-OHDA. Furthermore, we found that shikonin (SK), an inhibitor of PKM2, restored the mitochondrial number, promoted TCA cycle activity, reversed hyperglycolysis, enhanced the tolerance of cultured neurons to 6-OHDA, and reduced the risk of PD in diabetic rats. Overall, our results indicate that diabetes promotes hyperglycolysis and abnormal mitochondrial fusion in neurons through the upregulation of PKM2, leading to an increase in the vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons to 6-OHDA. Thus, the inhibition of PKM2 and restoration of mitochondrial metabolic homeostasis/pathways may prevent the occurrence and development of diabetic PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Cimin Tao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Rui Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Linghui Qian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tengfei Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Lian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Ganapathy S. R, Levová K, Kotačková L, Trnka J, Zogala D, Rusz J, Zima T, Devos D, Šonka K, Růžička E, Kalousová M, Dušek P. Increased Transferrin Sialylation Predicts Phenoconversion in Isolated
REM
Sleep Behavior Disorder. Mov Disord 2022; 37:983-992. [PMID: 35128728 PMCID: PMC9305135 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sialic acid–protein interactions are involved in regulating central nervous system immunity; therefore, derangements in sialylation could be involved in neurodegeneration. Objectives We evaluate the differences in serum transferrin sialylation in prodromal and early‐stage Parkinson's disease (PD), its relation to substantia nigra degeneration, and the risk of phenoconversion to manifest disease. Methods Sixty treatment‐naive PD patients; 72 polysomnography‐confirmed isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) patients, that is, patients with prodromal synucleinopathy; and 46 healthy volunteers aged ≥45 years and drinking ≤60 standard drinks per month were included. The proportion of serum low‐sialylated, carbohydrate‐deficient transferrin (CDT) isoforms was assessed using high‐performance liquid chromatography, and the values were adjusted for alcohol intake (CDTadj). Dopamine transporter single‐photon emission computed tomography (DaT‐SPECT) imaging was performed. In iRBD, phenoconversion risk of DaT‐SPECT and CDTadj was evaluated using Cox regression adjusted for age and sex. Results Median CDTadj was lower in PD (1.1 [interquartile range: 1.0–1.3]%) compared to controls (1.2 [1.1–1.6]%) (P = 0.001). In iRBD, median CDTadj was lower in subjects with abnormal (1.1 [0.9–1.3]%) than normal (1.3 [1.2–1.6]%) DaT‐SPECT (P = 0.005). After a median 44‐month follow‐up, 20% of iRBD patients progressed to a manifest disease. Although iRBD converters and nonconverters did not significantly differ in CDTadj levels (P = 0.189), low CDTadj increased the risk of phenoconversion with hazard ratio 3.2 (P = 0.045) but did not refine the phenoconversion risk associated with abnormal DaT‐SPECT yielding hazard ratio 15.8 (P < 0.001). Conclusions Decreased serum CDTadj is associated with substantia nigra degeneration in synucleinopathies. iRBD patients with low CDTadj are more likely to phenoconvert to manifest disease. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjani Ganapathy S.
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Levová
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kotačková
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Trnka
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - David Zogala
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jan Rusz
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague Prague Czech Republic
- Department of Circuit Theory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Zima
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - David Devos
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Expert Center for Parkinson, CHU‐Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, Inserm, UMR‐S1172, LICEND, NS‐Park Network University of Lille Lille France
| | - Karel Šonka
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - Evžen Růžička
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - Marta Kalousová
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - Petr Dušek
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague Prague Czech Republic
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Glycoprotein Profile Measured by a 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Based on Approach in Patients with Diabetes: A New Robust Method to Assess Inflammation. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11121407. [PMID: 34947938 PMCID: PMC8709228 DOI: 10.3390/life11121407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD) are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), so an interest in discovering inflammation biomarkers as indicators of processes related to CVD progression is increasing. This study aims (a) to characterize the plasma glycoprotein profile of a cohort of 504 participants, including patients with and without T2DM and/or AD and controls, and (b) to study the associations between the glycoprotein profile and other lipid and clinical variables in these populations. We characterized the plasma glycoprotein profiles by using 1H-NMR. We quantified the two peaks associated with the concentration of plasma glycoproteins (GlycA and GlycB) and their height/width ratios (H/W GlycA and H/W GlycB), as higher and narrower signals have been related to inflammation. We also quantified GlycF, the signal of which is proportional to the concentration of the acetyl groups of free N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine, and N-acetylneuraminic in the samples. The lipoprotein profile was also determined (Liposcale®). Standard clinical and anthropometric measurements were taken. Multivariate classification models were developed to study the differences between the study groups. Reduced HDL-C levels, increased small dense LDL and HDL particles, and elevated TG levels were significantly associated with glycoprotein variables. Glycoprotein values in the diagnostic groups were significantly different from those in the CT groups. AD and DM conditions together contribute to a positive and significant synergetic effect on the GlycA area (<0.05) and the H/W ratios of GlycA (<0.01) and GlycB (<0.05). By adding the new glycoprotein variables to the traditionally used marker of inflammation C-reactive protein (CRP), the AUC increased sharply for classification models between the CT group and the rest (0.68 to 0.84), patients with and without dyslipidemia (0.54 to 0.86), and between patients with and without diabetes (0.55 to 0.75). 1H-NMR-derived glycoproteins can be used as possible markers of the degree of inflammation associated with T2DM and AD.
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Jiménez-Jiménez FJ, Alonso-Navarro H, García-Martín E, Agúndez JAG. Neurochemical Features of Rem Sleep Behaviour Disorder. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11090880. [PMID: 34575657 PMCID: PMC8468296 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11090880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopaminergic deficiency, shown by many studies using functional neuroimaging with Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET), is the most consistent neurochemical feature of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) and, together with transcranial ultrasonography, and determination of alpha-synuclein in certain tissues, should be considered as a reliable marker for the phenoconversion of idiopathic RBD (iRBD) to a synucleopathy (Parkinson’s disease –PD- or Lewy body dementia -LBD). The possible role in the pathogenesis of RBD of other neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline, acetylcholine, and excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters; hormones such as melatonin, and proinflammatory factors have also been suggested by recent reports. In general, brain perfusion and brain glucose metabolism studies have shown patterns resembling partially those of PD and LBD. Finally, the results of structural and functional MRI suggest the presence of structural changes in deep gray matter nuclei, cortical gray matter atrophy, and alterations in the functional connectivity within the basal ganglia, the cortico-striatal, and the cortico-cortical networks, but they should be considered as preliminary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, C/Marroquina 14, 3 B, E28030 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +34-636968395; Fax: +34-913280704
| | - Hortensia Alonso-Navarro
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, C/Marroquina 14, 3 B, E28030 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Elena García-Martín
- UNEx, ARADyAL, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, University Institute of Molecular Pathology, E10071 Cáceres, Spain; (E.G.-M.); (J.A.G.A.)
| | - José A. G. Agúndez
- UNEx, ARADyAL, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, University Institute of Molecular Pathology, E10071 Cáceres, Spain; (E.G.-M.); (J.A.G.A.)
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