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Zhou W, Qu H, Fu XX, Xu MM, Li Q, Jiang Y, Han S. Neuroprotective effects of a novel peptide through the Rho-integrin-Tie2 and PI3K/Akt pathways in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1290128. [PMID: 38384299 PMCID: PMC10880193 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1290128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The interaction between inflammatory cells and integrin in the endothelium plays a key role during infiltration. Previous evidence has shown that synthetic C16 peptide selectively binds to integrins αvβ3 and α5β1 and exhibits a neuroprotective effect. It has also been reported to inhibit the differentiation of microglia into the M1 (pro-inflammatory) phenotype while promoting its differentiation to the M2 (anti-inflammatory) phenotype. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of action of the C16 peptide in multiple sclerosis using a rodent model. Methods: Molecular, morphological, and neurophysiological assays were used to investigate the neuroprotective effects of C16 peptide and related signaling pathways in a model of EAE. Results: The results showed that C16 significantly improved the clinical score and cortical somatosensory/motor evoked potential. It also alleviated inflammatory responses, including microglial activation and leukocyte infiltration, relieved the impairment of the brain blood barrier and edema, and reduced neuronal apoptosis, axonal loss, and demyelination induced by EAE. The C16 peptide increased the expressions of pTie-2 and Tie-2, integrin αvβ3, and α5β1 and activated the PI3K/Akt signal pathway but decreased the expression of Rho. Co-treatment of C16 with Tie-2 inhibitor and PI3K inhibitor LY294002 attenuated these effects of C16. Conclusion: The C16 peptide demonstrated neuroprotection in the EAE model through the integrin, Tie-2, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, and it could be a potential strategy for treating inflammation-related diseases in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Qu
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Fu
- Institute of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao-Miao Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Department of Pulmonology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu Han
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Garmendia JV, De Sanctis CV, Das V, Annadurai N, Hajduch M, De Sanctis JB. Inflammation, Autoimmunity and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Therapeutics and Beyond. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1080-1109. [PMID: 37898823 PMCID: PMC10964103 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22666231017141636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disease (ND) incidence has recently increased due to improved life expectancy. Alzheimer's (AD) or Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most prevalent NDs. Both diseases are poly genetic, multifactorial and heterogenous. Preventive medicine, a healthy diet, exercise, and controlling comorbidities may delay the onset. After the diseases are diagnosed, therapy is needed to slow progression. Recent studies show that local, peripheral and age-related inflammation accelerates NDs' onset and progression. Patients with autoimmune disorders like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) could be at higher risk of developing AD or PD. However, no increase in ND incidence has been reported if the patients are adequately diagnosed and treated. Autoantibodies against abnormal tau, β amyloid and α- synuclein have been encountered in AD and PD and may be protective. This discovery led to the proposal of immune-based therapies for AD and PD involving monoclonal antibodies, immunization/ vaccines, pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibition and anti-inflammatory cytokine addition. All the different approaches have been analysed here. Future perspectives on new therapeutic strategies for both disorders are concisely examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Valentina Garmendia
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Claudia Valentina De Sanctis
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Viswanath Das
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
- The Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (Catrin), Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Narendran Annadurai
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Marián Hajduch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
- The Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (Catrin), Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Juan Bautista De Sanctis
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
- The Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (Catrin), Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
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Fu XX, Qu H, Wang J, Cai HY, Jiang H, Chen HH, Han S. Novel nano-carriers with N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-modified liposomes improve effects of C16-angiopoietin 1 in acute animal model of multiple sclerosis. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2241664. [PMID: 37545034 PMCID: PMC10987045 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2241664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gradual loss of neuronal structure and function due to impaired blood-brain barrier (BBB) and neuroinflammation are important factors in multiple sclerosis (MS) progression. Our previous studies demonstrated that the C16 peptide and angiopoietin 1 (Ang-1) compound (C + A) could modulate inflammation and vascular protection in many models of MS. In this study, nanotechnology and a novel nanovector of the leukocyte chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) were used to examine the effects of C + A on MS. The acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS was established in Lewis rats. The C + A compounds were conjugated to control nano-carriers and fMLP-nano-carriers and administered to animals by intravenous injection. The neuropathological changes in the brain cortex and spinal cord were examined using multiple approaches. The stimulation of vascular injection sites was examined using rabbits. The results showed that all C + A compounds (C + A alone, nano-carrier C + A, and fMLP-nano-carrier C + A) reduced neuronal inflammation, axonal demyelination, gliosis, neuronal apoptosis, vascular leakage, and BBB impairment induced by EAE. In addition, the C + A compounds had minimal side effects on liver and kidney functions. Furthermore, the fMLP-nano-carrier C + A compound had better effects compared to C + A alone and the nano-carrier C + A. This study indicated that the fMLP-nano-carrier C + A could attenuate inflammation-related pathological changes in EAE and may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of MS and EAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Fu
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
- Institute of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Han Qu
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hua-Ying Cai
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Electrophysiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hao-Hao Chen
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, PR China
| | - Shu Han
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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Li X, Deng R, Li J, Li H, Xu Z, Zhang L, Feng L, Shu C, Zhen M, Wang C. Oral [60]fullerene reduces neuroinflammation to alleviate Parkinson's disease via regulating gut microbiome. Theranostics 2023; 13:4936-4951. [PMID: 37771782 PMCID: PMC10526674 DOI: 10.7150/thno.85711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is considered to drive the pathogenic process of neuronal degeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, effective anti-neuroinflammation therapeutics for PD still remain dissatisfactory. Here we explore a robust therapeutic strategy for PD using anti-neuroinflammatory fullerenes. Methods: Oral fullerene was prepared by a ball-milling method. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mouse model was used to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of it. The gut microenvironment was evaluated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR), and western blot (WB). The neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration were evaluated by pathological analysis, Elisa kits, transmission electron microscopy, Q-PCR, WB and so on. Toxicity was assessed by weight, blood test and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Results: Oral fullerene therapeutic system that dissolved [60]fullerene into olive oil (abbreviated as OFO) was dexterously designed, which could reduce neuroinflammation via regulating the diversity of gut microbiome, increasing the contents of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and recovering the integrity of gut barrier. Accordingly, the reduction of neuroinflammation prevented dopaminergic neuronal degeneration. And thus, OFO significantly ameliorated motor deficits and fundamentally reversed dopamine (DA) loss in MPTP-induced PD mice. Of note, OFO exhibited low toxicity towards the living body. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that OFO is a safe-to-use, easy-to-apply, and prospective candidate for PD treatment in clinic, opening a therapeutic window for neuroinflammation-triggered neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruijun Deng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Fullcan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- Chifeng Fullcan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Inner Mongolia, 024099, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Linyin Feng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chunying Shu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingming Zhen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunru Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Fu XX, Wang J, Cai HY, Jiang H, Jiang JZ, Chen HH, Han S. Co-Application of C16 and Ang-1 Improves the Effects of Levodopa in Parkinson Disease Treatment. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:3797-3814. [PMID: 35836722 PMCID: PMC9273834 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s368291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Levodopa is regarded as a standard medication in Parkinson disease (PD) treatment. However, long-term administration of levodopa leads to levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID), which can markedly affect patient quality of life. Previous studies have shown that neuroinflammation in the brain plays a role in LID and increases potential neuroinflammatory mediators associated with the side effects of levodopa. OBJECTIVE The treatment effect of C16 (a peptide that competitively binds integrin αvβ3 and inhibits inflammatory cell infiltration) and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1; a vascular endothelial growth factor vital for blood vessel protection), along with levodopa, was evaluated in a rodent model of PD. METHODS We administered a combination of C16 and Ang-1 in a rodent model of PD induced by MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine). Seventy-five mice were randomly divided into five treatment groups: control, vehicle, levodopa, C16+Ang-1, and levodopa+C16+Ang-1. Behavioral, histological, and electrophysiological experiments were used to determine neuron function and recovery. RESULTS The results showed that C16+Ang-1 treatment alleviated neuroinflammation in the CNS and promoted the recovery effects of levodopa on neural function. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that C16+Ang-1 can compensate for the shortcomings of levodopa, improve the CNS microenvironment, and ameliorate the effects of levodopa. This treatment strategy could be developed as a combinatorial therapeutic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Fu
- Institute of Anatomy and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Wang
- Institute of Anatomy and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua-Ying Cai
- Institute of Anatomy and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Institute of Anatomy and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Zhan Jiang
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao-Hao Chen
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
- Hao-Hao Chen, Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, 1188 Wuzhou Steet, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-579-82265128, Fax +86-579-82265110, Email
| | - Shu Han
- Institute of Anatomy and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shu Han, Institute of Anatomy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-571-88208160, Fax +86-571-88208094, Email
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