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Kimura N, Takahashi Y, Usui N, Matsuda K, Otani H, Kasai Y, Kondo A, Imai K, Takita J. Neuropsychological outcome after frontal surgery for pediatric-onset epilepsy with focal cortical dysplasia in adolescent and young adult. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 153:109687. [PMID: 38368791 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated neuropsychological outcome in patients with pharmacoresistant pediatric-onset epilepsy caused by focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), who underwent frontal lobe resection during adolescence and young adulthood. METHODS Twenty-seven patients were studied, comprising 15 patients who underwent language-dominant side resection (LDR) and 12 patients who had languagenondominant side resection (n-LDR). We evaluated intelligence (language function, arithmetic ability, working memory, processing speed, visuo-spatial reasoning), executive function, and memory in these patients before and two years after resection surgery. We analyzed the relationship between neuropsychological outcome and resected regions (side of language dominance and location). RESULTS Although 75% of the patients showed improvement or no change in individual neuropsychological tests after surgical intervention, 25% showed decline. The cognitive tests that showed improvement or decline varied between LDR and n-LDR. In patients who had LDR, decline was observed in Vocabulary and Phonemic Fluency (both 5/15 patients), especially after resection of ventrolateral frontal cortex, and improvement was observed in WCST-Category (7/14 patients), Block Design (6/15 patients), Digit Symbol (4/15 patients), and Delayed Recall (3/9 patients). In patients who underwent n-LDR, improvement was observed in Vocabulary (3/12 patients), but decline was observed in Block Design (2/9 patients), and WCST-Category (2/9 patients) after resection of dorsolateral frontal cortex; and Arithmetic (3/10 patients) declined after resection of dorsolateral frontal cortex or ventrolateral frontal cortex. General Memory (3/8 patients), Visual Memory (3/8 patients), Delayed Recall (3/8 patients), Verbal Memory (2/9 patients), and Digit Symbol (3/12 patients) also declined after n-LDR. CONCLUSION Postoperative changes in cognitive function varied depending on the location and side of the resection. For precise presurgical prediction of neuropsychological outcome after surgery, further prospective studies are needed to accumulate data of cognitive changes in relation to the resection site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobusuke Kimura
- National Epilepsy Center, NHO Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorder, Urushiyama 886, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8688, Japan; Naniwa Ikuno Hospital, Daikoku 1-10-3, Naniwa-ku, Oosaka 556-0014, Japan.
| | - Yukitoshi Takahashi
- National Epilepsy Center, NHO Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorder, Urushiyama 886, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8688, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Gifu University School of Medicine, Japan; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Japan.
| | - Naotaka Usui
- National Epilepsy Center, NHO Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorder, Urushiyama 886, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8688, Japan.
| | - Kazumi Matsuda
- National Epilepsy Center, NHO Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorder, Urushiyama 886, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8688, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Otani
- National Epilepsy Center, NHO Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorder, Urushiyama 886, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8688, Japan.
| | - Yoshinobu Kasai
- National Epilepsy Center, NHO Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorder, Urushiyama 886, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8688, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- National Epilepsy Center, NHO Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorder, Urushiyama 886, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8688, Japan.
| | - Katsumi Imai
- National Epilepsy Center, NHO Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorder, Urushiyama 886, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka 420-8688, Japan.
| | - Junko Takita
- Kyoto University, Shogoin Kawahara-cho 53, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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2
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Brunner C, Schadenbauer P, Schröder N, Grabner RH, Vogel SE. Electrophysiological correlates of symbolic numerical order processing. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301228. [PMID: 38512938 PMCID: PMC10956805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Determining if a sequence of numbers is ordered or not is one of the fundamental aspects of numerical processing linked to concurrent and future arithmetic skills. While some studies have explored the neural underpinnings of order processing using functional magnetic resonance imaging, our understanding of electrophysiological correlates is comparatively limited. To address this gap, we used a three-item symbolic numerical order verification task (with Arabic numerals from 1 to 9) to study event-related potentials (ERPs) in 73 adult participants in an exploratory approach. We presented three-item sequences and manipulated their order (ordered vs. unordered) as well as their inter-item numerical distance (one vs. two). Participants had to determine if a presented sequence was ordered or not. They also completed a speeded arithmetic fluency test, which measured their arithmetic skills. Our results revealed a significant mean amplitude difference in the grand average ERP waveform between ordered and unordered sequences in a time window of 500-750 ms at left anterior-frontal, left parietal, and central electrodes. We also identified distance-related amplitude differences for both ordered and unordered sequences. While unordered sequences showed an effect in the time window of 500-750 ms at electrode clusters around anterior-frontal and right-frontal regions, ordered sequences differed in an earlier time window (190-275 ms) in frontal and right parieto-occipital regions. Only the mean amplitude difference between ordered and unordered sequences showed an association with arithmetic fluency at the left anterior-frontal electrode. While the earlier time window for ordered sequences is consistent with a more automated and efficient processing of ordered sequential items, distance-related differences in unordered sequences occur later in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Brunner
- Department of Psychology, Educational Neuroscience, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Philip Schadenbauer
- Department of Psychology, Educational Neuroscience, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nele Schröder
- Department of Psychology, Educational Neuroscience, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Roland H. Grabner
- Department of Psychology, Educational Neuroscience, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Stephan E. Vogel
- Department of Psychology, Educational Neuroscience, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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3
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Dattola S, Bonanno L, Ielo A, Quercia A, Quartarone A, La Foresta F. Brain Active Areas Associated with a Mental Arithmetic Task: An eLORETA Study. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1388. [PMID: 38135979 PMCID: PMC10740510 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10121388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The neural underpinnings of mental calculation, the fundamentals of arithmetic representations and processes, and the development of arithmetic abilities have been explored by researchers over the years. In the present work, we report a study that analyzes the brain-activated areas of a group of 35 healthy subjects (9 males, 26 females, mean age ± SD = 18.23 ± 2.20 years) who performed a serial subtraction arithmetic task. In contrast to most of the studies in the literature based on fMRI, we performed the brain active source reconstruction starting from EEG signals by means of the eLORETA method. In particular, the subjects were classified as bad counters or good counters, according to the results of the task, and the brain activity of the two groups was compared. The results were statistically significant only in the beta band, revealing that the left limbic lobe was found to be more active in people showing better performance. The limbic lobe is involved in visuospatial processing, memory, arithmetic fact retrieval, and emotions. However, the role of the limbic lobe in mental arithmetic has been barely explored, so these interesting findings could represent a starting point for future in-depth analyses. Since there is evidence in the literature that the motor system is affected by the execution of arithmetic tasks, a more extensive knowledge of the brain activation associated with arithmetic tasks could be exploited not only for the assessment of mathematical skills but also in the evaluation of motor impairments and, consequently, in rehabilitation for motor disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Dattola
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Via Palermo c/da Casazza, SS. 113, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.D.); (L.B.); (A.Q.)
| | - Lilla Bonanno
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Via Palermo c/da Casazza, SS. 113, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.D.); (L.B.); (A.Q.)
| | - Augusto Ielo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Via Palermo c/da Casazza, SS. 113, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.D.); (L.B.); (A.Q.)
| | - Angelica Quercia
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Angelo Quartarone
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Via Palermo c/da Casazza, SS. 113, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.D.); (L.B.); (A.Q.)
| | - Fabio La Foresta
- DICEAM Department, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Via Graziella Feo di Vito, 89060 Reggio Calabria, Italy;
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4
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Díaz-Barriga Yáñez A, Longo L, Chesnokova H, Poletti C, Thevenot C, Prado J. Neural evidence for procedural automatization during cognitive development: Intraparietal response to changes in very-small addition problem-size increases with age. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 64:101310. [PMID: 37806070 PMCID: PMC10570710 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive development is often thought to depend on qualitative changes in problem-solving strategies, with early developing algorithmic procedures (e.g., counting when adding numbers) considered being replaced by retrieval of associations (e.g., between operands and answers of addition problems) in adults. However, algorithmic procedures might also become automatized with practice. In a large cross-sectional fMRI study from age 8 to adulthood (n = 128), we evaluate this hypothesis by measuring neural changes associated with age-related reductions in a behavioral hallmark of mental addition, the problem-size effect (an increase in solving time as problem sum increases). We found that age-related decreases in problem-size effect were paralleled by age-related increases of activity in a region of the intraparietal sulcus that already supported the problem-size effect in 8- to 9-year-olds, at an age the effect is at least partly due to explicit counting. This developmental effect, which was also observed in the basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex, was restricted to problems with operands ≤ 4. These findings are consistent with a model positing that very-small arithmetic problems-and not larger problems-might rely on an automatization of counting procedures rather than a shift towards retrieval, and suggest a neural automatization of procedural knowledge during cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Díaz-Barriga Yáñez
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), INSERM U1028 - CNRS UMR5292, Université de Lyon, France
| | - Léa Longo
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), INSERM U1028 - CNRS UMR5292, Université de Lyon, France
| | - Hanna Chesnokova
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), INSERM U1028 - CNRS UMR5292, Université de Lyon, France
| | - Céline Poletti
- Institut de Psychologie, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Jérôme Prado
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), INSERM U1028 - CNRS UMR5292, Université de Lyon, France.
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5
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Salillas E, Benavides-Varela S, Semenza C. The brain lateralization and development of math functions: progress since Sperry, 1974. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1288154. [PMID: 37964804 PMCID: PMC10641455 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1288154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In 1974, Roger Sperry, based on his seminal studies on the split-brain condition, concluded that math was almost exclusively sustained by the language dominant left hemisphere. The right hemisphere could perform additions up to sums less than 20, the only exception to a complete left hemisphere dominance. Studies on lateralized focal lesions came to a similar conclusion, except for written complex calculation, where spatial abilities are needed to display digits in the right location according to the specific requirements of calculation procedures. Fifty years later, the contribution of new theoretical and instrumental tools lead to a much more complex picture, whereby, while left hemisphere dominance for math in the right-handed is confirmed for most functions, several math related tasks seem to be carried out in the right hemisphere. The developmental trajectory in the lateralization of math functions has also been clarified. This corpus of knowledge is reviewed here. The right hemisphere does not simply offer its support when calculation requires generic space processing, but its role can be very specific. For example, the right parietal lobe seems to store the operation-specific spatial layout required for complex arithmetical procedures and areas like the right insula are necessary in parsing complex numbers containing zero. Evidence is found for a complex orchestration between the two hemispheres even for simple tasks: each hemisphere has its specific role, concurring to the correct result. As for development, data point to right dominance for basic numerical processes. The picture that emerges at school age is a bilateral pattern with a significantly greater involvement of the right-hemisphere, particularly in non-symbolic tasks. The intraparietal sulcus shows a left hemisphere preponderance in response to symbolic stimuli at this age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Salillas
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Silvia Benavides-Varela
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Carlo Semenza
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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6
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Tablante J, Krossa L, Azimi T, Chen L. Dysfunctions associated with the intraparietal sulcus and a distributed network in individuals with math learning difficulties: An ALE meta-analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:2726-2740. [PMID: 36807960 PMCID: PMC10089103 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Math learning difficulty (MLD) is a learning disorder characterized by persistent impairments in the understanding and application of numbers independent of intelligence or schooling. The current study aims to review existing neuroimaging studies to characterize the neurobiological basis in MLD for their quantity and arithmetic dysfunctions. We identified a total of 24 studies with 728 participants through the literature. Using the activation likelihood estimate (ALE) method, we found that the most consistent neurobiological dysfunction in MLD was observed in the right intraparietal sulcus (IPS) with distinct patterns of the anterior and posterior aspects. Meanwhile, neurobiological dysfunctions were also observed in a distributed network including the fusiform gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, insula, prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and claustrum. Our results suggest a core dysfunction in the right anterior IPS and left fusiform gyrus with atypically upregulated functions in brain regions for attention, working memory, visual processing, and motivation, serving as the neurobiological basis of MLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Tablante
- Neuroscience Program, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California, USA
| | - Lani Krossa
- Neuroscience Program, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California, USA
| | - Tannaz Azimi
- Neuroscience Program, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California, USA
| | - Lang Chen
- Neuroscience Program, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California, USA.,Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California, USA
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7
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Jöbstl V, Steiner AF, Deimann P, Kastner-Koller U, Landerl K. A-B-3-Associations and dissociations of reading and arithmetic: Is domain-specific prediction outdated? PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285437. [PMID: 37172049 PMCID: PMC10180600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Reading and arithmetic are core domains of academic achievement with marked impact on career opportunities and socioeconomic status. While associations between reading and arithmetic are well established, evidence on underlying mechanisms is inconclusive. The main goal of this study was to reevaluate the domain-specificity of established predictors and to enhance our understanding of the (co-)development of reading and arithmetic. In a sample of 885 German-speaking children, standard domain-specific predictors of reading and arithmetic were assessed before and/or at the onset of formal schooling. Reading and arithmetic skills were measured at the beginning and end of second grade. Latent variables were extracted for all relevant constructs: Grapheme-phoneme processing (phonological awareness, letter identification), RAN (RAN-objects, RAN-digits), number system knowledge (number identification, successor knowledge), and magnitude processing (non-symbolic and symbolic magnitude comparison), as well as the criterion measures reading and arithmetic. Four structural equation models tested distinct research questions. Grapheme-phoneme processing was a specific predictor of reading, and magnitude processing explained variance specific to arithmetic. RAN explained variance in both domains, and it explained variance in reading even after controlling for arithmetic. RAN and number system knowledge further explained variance in skills shared between reading and arithmetic. Reading and arithmetic entail domain-specific cognitive components, and they both require tight networks of visual, verbal, and semantic information, as reflected by RAN. This perspective provides a useful background to explain associations and dissociations between reading and arithmetic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Jöbstl
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Styria, Austria
| | - Anna F Steiner
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Styria, Austria
- Institute of Logopedics, FH JOANNEUM, University of Applied Sciences, Graz, Styria, Austria
- Institute of Early Childhood and Primary Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Styria, Graz, Styria, Austria
| | - Pia Deimann
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Kastner-Koller
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Landerl
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Styria, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Styria, Austria
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8
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Suárez-Pellicioni M, Prado J, Booth JR. Neurocognitive mechanisms underlying multiplication and subtraction performance in adults and skill development in children: a scoping review. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2022.101228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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9
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Sun W, Li B, Ma C. Muscimol-induced inactivation of the ventral prefrontal cortex impairs counting performance in rhesus monkeys. Sci Prog 2022; 105:368504221141660. [PMID: 36443989 PMCID: PMC10358485 DOI: 10.1177/00368504221141660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Numbers are one of the three basic concepts of human abstract thinking. When human beings count, they often point to things, one by one, and read numbers in a positive integer column. The prefrontal cortex plays a wide range of roles in executive functions, including active maintenance and achievement of goals, adaptive coding and exertion of general intelligence, and completion of time complexity events. Nonhuman animals do not use number names, such as "one, two, three," or numerals, such as "1, 2, 3" to "count" in the same way as humans do. Our previous study established an animal model of counting in monkeys. Here, we used this model to determine whether the prefrontal cortex participates in counting in monkeys. Two 5-year-old female rhesus monkeys (macaques), weighing 5.0 kg and 5.5 kg, were selected to train in a counting task, counting from 1 to 5. When their counting task performance stabilized, we performed surgery on the prefrontal cortex to implant drug delivery tubes. After allowing the monkeys' physical condition and counting performance to recover, we injected either muscimol or normal saline into their dorsal and ventral prefrontal cortex. Thereafter, we observed their counting task performance and analyzed the error types and reaction time during the counting task. The monkeys' performance in the counting task decreased significantly after muscimol injection into the ventral prefrontal cortex; however, it was not affected after saline injection into the ventral prefrontal cortex, or after muscimol or saline injection into the dorsal prefrontal cortex. The ventral prefrontal cortex of the monkey is necessary for counting performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Sun
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Baoming Li
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chaolin Ma
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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10
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Zhou Y, Chen H, Wang Y. Recognition ability of untrained neural networks to symbolic numbers. Front Neuroinform 2022; 16:973010. [PMID: 36213547 PMCID: PMC9534535 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2022.973010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although animals can learn to use abstract numbers to represent the number of items, whether untrained animals could distinguish between different abstract numbers is not clear. A two-layer spiking neural network with lateral inhibition was built from the perspective of biological interpretability. The network connection weight was set randomly without adjustment. On the basis of this model, experiments were carried out on the symbolic number dataset MNIST and non-symbolic numerosity dataset. Results showed that the model has abilities to distinguish symbolic numbers. However, compared with number sense, tuning curves of symbolic numbers could not reproduce size and distance effects. The preference distribution also could not show high distribution characteristics at both ends and low distribution characteristics in the middle. More than half of the network units prefer the symbolic numbers 0 and 5. The average goodness-of-fit of the Gaussian fitting of tuning curves increases with the increase in abscissa non-linearity. These results revealed that the concept of human symbolic number is trained on the basis of number sense.
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11
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Sokolowski HM, Hawes Z, Ansari D. The neural correlates of retrieval and procedural strategies in mental arithmetic: A functional neuroimaging meta-analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 44:229-244. [PMID: 36121072 PMCID: PMC9783428 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental arithmetic is a complex skill of great importance for later academic and life success. Many neuroimaging studies and several meta-analyses have aimed to identify the neural correlates of mental arithmetic. Previous meta-analyses of arithmetic grouped all problem types into a single meta-analytic map, despite evidence suggesting that different types of arithmetic problems are solved using different strategies. We used activation likelihood estimation (ALE) to conduct quantitative meta-analyses of mental arithmetic neuroimaging (n = 31) studies, and subsequently grouped contrasts from the 31 studies into problems that are typically solved using retrieval strategies (retrieval problems) (n = 18) and problems that are typically solved using procedural strategies (procedural problems) (n = 19). Foci were compiled to generate probabilistic maps of activation for mental arithmetic (i.e., all problem types), retrieval problems, and procedural problems. Conjunction and contrast analyses were conducted to examine overlapping and distinct activation for retrieval and procedural problems. The conjunction analysis revealed overlapping activation for retrieval and procedural problems in the bilateral inferior parietal lobules, regions typically associated with magnitude processing. Contrast analyses revealed specific activation in the left angular gyrus for retrieval problems and specific activation in the inferior frontal gyrus and cingulate gyrus for procedural problems. These findings indicate that the neural bases of arithmetic systematically differs according to problem type, providing new insights into the dynamic and task-dependent neural underpinnings of the calculating brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Moriah Sokolowski
- Rotman Research InstituteBaycrest HospitalNorth YorkOntarioCanada,Numerical Cognition Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Brain and Mind InstituteUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Zachary Hawes
- Numerical Cognition Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Brain and Mind InstituteUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada,Ontario Institute for Studies in EducationUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Daniel Ansari
- Numerical Cognition Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Brain and Mind InstituteUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
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12
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Bonte M, van Atteveldt N. Editorial: Capturing developmental brain dynamics. NPJ SCIENCE OF LEARNING 2022; 7:11. [PMID: 35654944 PMCID: PMC9163026 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-022-00126-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Milene Bonte
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, and Maastricht Brain Imaging Center, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Nienke van Atteveldt
- Department of Clinical Developmental Psychology & Institute Learn!, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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13
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Lazzaro G, Fucà E, Caciolo C, Battisti A, Costanzo F, Varuzza C, Vicari S, Menghini D. Understanding the Effects of Transcranial Electrical Stimulation in Numerical Cognition: A Systematic Review for Clinical Translation. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11082082. [PMID: 35456176 PMCID: PMC9032363 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11082082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Atypical development of numerical cognition (dyscalculia) may increase the onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms, especially when untreated, and it may have long-term detrimental social consequences. However, evidence-based treatments are still lacking. Despite plenty of studies investigating the effects of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) on numerical cognition, a systematized synthesis of results is still lacking. In the present systematic review (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021271139), we found that the majority of reports (20 out of 26) showed the effectiveness of tES in improving both number (80%) and arithmetic (76%) processing. In particular, anodal tDCS (regardless of lateralization) over parietal regions, bilateral tDCS (regardless of polarity/lateralization) over frontal regions, and tRNS (regardless of brain regions) strongly enhance number processing. While bilateral tDCS and tRNS over parietal and frontal regions and left anodal tDCS over frontal regions consistently improve arithmetic skills. In addition, tACS seems to be more effective than tDCS at ameliorating arithmetic learning. Despite the variability of methods and paucity of clinical studies, tES seems to be a promising brain-based treatment to enhance numerical cognition. Recommendations for clinical translation, future directions, and limitations are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lazzaro
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.L.); (E.F.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (C.V.); (S.V.)
| | - Elisa Fucà
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.L.); (E.F.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (C.V.); (S.V.)
| | - Cristina Caciolo
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.L.); (E.F.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (C.V.); (S.V.)
| | - Andrea Battisti
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.L.); (E.F.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (C.V.); (S.V.)
- Department of Human Science, LUMSA University, 00193 Rome, Italy
| | - Floriana Costanzo
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.L.); (E.F.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (C.V.); (S.V.)
| | - Cristiana Varuzza
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.L.); (E.F.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (C.V.); (S.V.)
| | - Stefano Vicari
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.L.); (E.F.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (C.V.); (S.V.)
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Centro di Riabilitazione Casa San Giuseppe, Opera Don Guanella, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Deny Menghini
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (G.L.); (E.F.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.); (C.V.); (S.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-066-859-7091
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Moll K, De Luca M, Landerl K, Banfi C, Zoccolotti P. Editorial: Interpreting the Comorbidity of Learning Disorders. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:811101. [PMID: 34955796 PMCID: PMC8696180 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.811101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Moll
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria De Luca
- Developmental Dyslexia Lab, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Karin Landerl
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.,School of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chiara Banfi
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Pierluigi Zoccolotti
- Developmental Dyslexia Lab, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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