1
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Mao Y, Chen H, Yang Z, Buren B, Chen M. Stereodynamic control of nonadiabatic processes in low-energy Be +( 2P) + H 2 ( v = 0, j = 2) collisions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024. [PMID: 38988212 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01996b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Controlling the relative arrangement of colliding molecules is crucial for determining the dynamical outcomes of chemical processes and has emerged as a hot spot of experimental research. Here, the quantum scattering calculations are conducted to investigate the stereodynamic control in collisions between Be+(2P) and H2 (v = 0, j = 2), which undergo nonadiabatic transitions to the electronic ground state. Stereodynamic preparation is achieved by controlling the initial alignment of the H2 bond axis relative to the scattering frame. For product BeH+ in the reactive process, the differential cross sections (DCSs) are significantly enhanced in the forward and sideways hemispheres when the alignment angle β is 60°. For the product H2 in the quenching channel, the β = 0° preparation can result in a more than one-fold increase in the DCS at a polar scattering angle of 0°. Furthermore, varying the alignment angle β also has noteworthy effects on the rotational-state distributions of BeH+ products. Specifically, β = 0° preparation can induce the disappearance of the bimodal distribution of rotational states at a collision energy of 0.05 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Mao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Hanghang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Zijiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Bayaer Buren
- School of Science, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, P. R. China.
| | - Maodu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China.
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2
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Jambrina PG, Croft JFE, Balakrishnan N, Guo H, Aoiz FJ. Determination of collision mechanisms at low energies using four-vector correlations. Faraday Discuss 2024. [PMID: 38836438 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00173c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
In molecular dynamics, a fundamental question is how the outcome of a collision depends on the relative orientation of the collision partners before their interaction begins (the stereodynamics of the process). The preference for a particular orientation of the reactant complex is intimately related to the idea of a collision mechanism and the possibility of control, as revealed in recent experiments. Indeed, this preference holds not only for chemical reactions involving complex polyatomic molecules, but also for the simplest inelastic atom-diatom collisions at cold collision energies. In this work, we report how the outcome of rotationally inelastic collisions between two D2 molecules can be controlled by changing the alignment of their internuclear axes under the same or different polarization vectors. Our results demonstrate that a higher degree of control can be achieved when two internuclear axes are aligned, especially when both molecules are relaxed in the collision. The possibility of control extends to very low energies, even to the ultracold regime, when no control could be achieved just by the alignment of the internuclear axis of one of the colliding partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Jambrina
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37008, Spain.
| | - J F E Croft
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
| | - N Balakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA.
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA.
| | - F J Aoiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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3
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Leng JG, Sharples TR, Fournier M, McKendrick KG, Craciunescu L, Paterson MJ, Costen ML. Inelastic scattering of NO(A 2Σ +) + CO 2: rotation-rotation pair-correlated differential cross sections. Faraday Discuss 2024. [PMID: 38757419 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00162h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
A crossed beam velocity-map ion-imaging apparatus has been used to determine differential cross sections (DCSs) for the rotationally inelastic scattering of NO(A2Σ+, v = 0, j = 0.5) with CO2, as a function of both NO(A, v = 0, N') final state and the coincident final rotational energy of the CO2. The DCSs are dominated by forward-peaked scattering for all N', with significant rotational excitation of CO2, and a small backward scattered peak is also observed for all final N'. However, no rotational rainbow scattering is observed and there is no evidence for significant product rotational angular momentum polarization. New ab initio potential energy surface calculations at the PNO-CCSD(T)-F12b level of theory report strong attractive forces at long ranges with significant anisotropy relative to both NO and CO2. The absence of rotational rainbow scattering is consistent with removal of low-impact-parameter collisions via electronic quenching, in agreement with the literature quenching rates of NO(A) by CO2 and recent electronic structure calculations. We propose that high-impact-parameter collisions, that do not lead to quenching, experience strong anisotropic attractive forces that lead to significant rotational excitation in both NO and CO2, depolarizing product angular momentum while leading to forward and backward glory scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G Leng
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Thomas R Sharples
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Martin Fournier
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Kenneth G McKendrick
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Luca Craciunescu
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Martin J Paterson
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Matthew L Costen
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
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4
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Xu A, Ma Y, Yan D, Li F, Zhou T, Liu J, Wang F. Imaging Rovibrational Excitation of Scattered YO Molecules in Inelastic Collisions with Kr and Ne. J Phys Chem A 2024. [PMID: 38691198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c01647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Energy transfer between atoms and molecules is fundamental to many physical and chemical processes, and understanding the mechanisms and outcomes of energy transfer is crucial for various applications in physics and chemistry. Here, the rovibrational excitation of YO(X 2Σ+) molecules with the collision of Kr and Ne has been studied in the laser-ablation crossed beam and time-sliced ion velocity map imaging setup in combination with the resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization scheme. Significant changes in the angular distribution for different rovibrational excitations of YO molecules are observed with the collision of Kr. The sharp forward distribution for low rovibrational excitation of YO(v' = 0, 1) molecules suggest that the weak attractive potential between Kr and YO is dominant at large impact parameters. Comparatively, the strong sideway distribution for highly rovibrationally excited YO(v' = 1, 2, 3, and 5) is due to rainbow scattering from the stronger attractive potential of Kr···YO at relatively small impact parameters. The more isotropic angular distribution in the highly rovibrationally excited YO(v' = 11) indicates the formation of a short-lived complex. A change in the angular distribution of scattered YO with different rovibrational excitations was also observed in the collisions of Ne. For YO as a heteronuclear diatomic molecule, collisions of the Y- and the O-end of YO with rare gases would affect the contribution of inelastic processes at different impact parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Dong Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ti Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jiaxing Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Fengyan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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5
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Veselinova A, Menéndez M, González-Sánchez L, Zanchet A, Aoiz FJ, Jambrina PG. Dynamical effects on the O( 3P) + D 2 reaction and its impact on the Λ-doublet population. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:6752-6762. [PMID: 38323460 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05510h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The O(3P) + D2 → OD(2Π) + D reaction presents the peculiarity of taking place on two different potential energy surfaces (PESs) of different symmetry, 3A' and 3A'', which become degenerate for collinear configurations where the saddle-point of the reaction is located. The degeneracy is broken for non-collinear approaches with the energy on the 3A' PES rising more abruptly with the bending angle, making the frequency of this mode higher on the 3A' state. Consequently, the 3A' PES should be less reactive than the 3A'' one. Nevertheless, quantum scattering calculations show that the cross section is higher on the 3A' PES for energies close to the classical reaction threshold and rotationless reactant. It is found that the differences between the reactivity on the two PESs are greater for low values of total angular momentum, where the centrifugal barrier is lower and contribute to the higher population of the Π(A') Λ-doublet states of OD at low collision energies. At high collision energies, the Π(A') Λ-doublet state is also preferentially populated. Analysis of the differential cross sections reveals that the preponderance for the Π(A') Λ-doublet at low energies comes from backward scattering, originating from the reaction on the 3A' PES, while at high energies, it proceeds from a different mechanism that leads to sideways scattering on the 3A'' PES and that populates the Π(A') manifold.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Veselinova
- Departamento de Química-Física, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, 37008, Spain.
| | - M Menéndez
- Departamento de Química-Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - L González-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química-Física, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, 37008, Spain.
| | - A Zanchet
- Instituto de Física Fundamental (CSIC), 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - F J Aoiz
- Departamento de Química-Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - P G Jambrina
- Departamento de Química-Física, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, 37008, Spain.
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6
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Balakrishnan N, Jambrina PG, Croft JFE, Guo H, Aoiz FJ. Quantum stereodynamics of cold molecular collisions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1239-1256. [PMID: 38197484 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04762h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Advances in quantum state preparations combined with molecular cooling and trapping technologies have enabled unprecedented control of molecular collision dynamics. This progress, achieved over the last two decades, has dramatically improved our understanding of molecular phenomena in the extreme quantum regime characterized by translational temperatures well below a kelvin. In this regime, collision outcomes are dominated by isolated partial waves, quantum threshold and quantum statistics effects, tiny energy splitting at the spin and hyperfine levels, and long-range forces. Collision outcomes are influenced not only by the quantum state preparation of the initial molecular states but also by the polarization of their rotational angular momentum, i.e., stereodynamics of molecular collisions. The Stark-induced adiabatic Raman passage technique developed in the last several years has become a versatile tool to study the stereodynamics of light molecular collisions in which alignment of the molecular bond axis relative to initial collision velocity can be fully controlled. Landmark experiments reported by Zare and coworkers have motivated new theoretical developments, including formalisms to describe four-vector correlations in molecular collisions that are revealed by the experiments. In this Feature article, we provide an overview of recent theoretical developments for the description of stereodynamics of cold molecular collisions and their implications to cold controlled chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naduvalath Balakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA.
| | - Pablo G Jambrina
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37008, Spain
| | - James F E Croft
- The Dodd Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, New Zealand and Department of Physics, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Computational Chemistry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - F Javier Aoiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain
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7
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Menéndez M, Garcia E, Lara M, Jambrina PG, Aoiz FJ. Li + HF and Li + HCl Reactions Revisited I: QCT Calculations and Simulation of Experimental Results. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:6924-6944. [PMID: 37579497 PMCID: PMC10461305 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The Li + HF and Li + HCl reactions share some common features. They have the same kinematics, relatively small barrier heights, bent transition states, and are both exothermic when the zero point energy is considered. Nevertheless, the pioneering crossed beam experiments by Lee and co-workers in the 80s (Becker et al., J. Chem. Phys. 1980, 73, 2833) revealed that the dynamics of the two reactions differ significantly, especially at low collision energies. In this work, we present theoretical simulations of their results in the laboratory frame (LAB), based on quasiclassical trajectories and obtained using accurate potential energy surfaces. The calculated LAB angular distributions and time-of-flight spectra agree well with the raw experimental data, although our simulations do not reproduce the experimentally derived center-of-mass (CM) differential cross section and velocity distributions. The latter were derived by forward convolution fitting under the questionable assumption that the CM recoil velocity and scattering angle distribution were uncoupled, while our results show that the coupling between them is relevant. Some important insights into the reaction mechanism discussed in the article by Becker et al. had not been contrasted with those that can be extracted from the theoretical results. Among them, the correlation between the angular momenta involved in the reactions has also been examined. Given the kinematics of both systems, the reagent orbital angular momentum, l , is almost completely transformed into the rotation of the product diatom, j'. However, contrary to the coplanar mechanism proposed in the original paper, we find that the initial and final relative orbital angular momenta are not necessarily parallel. Both reactions are found to be essentially direct, although about 15% of the LiFH complexes live longer than 200 fs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Menéndez
- Departamento
de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernesto Garcia
- Departamento
de Química Física, Universidad
del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Manuel Lara
- Departamento
de Química Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28039 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo G. Jambrina
- Departamento
de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - F. Javier Aoiz
- Departamento
de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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8
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Luxford TM, Sharples TR, Fournier M, Soulié C, Paterson MJ, McKendrick KG, Costen ML. Differential Cross Sections for Pair-Correlated Rotational Energy Transfer in NO(A 2Σ +) + N 2, CO, and O 2: Signatures of Quenching Dynamics. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:6251-6266. [PMID: 37481777 PMCID: PMC10405210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
A crossed molecular beam, velocity-map ion-imaging apparatus has been used to determine differential cross sections (DCSs), as a function of collider final internal energy, for rotationally inelastic scattering of NO(A2Σ+, v = 0, j = 0.5f1) with N2, CO, and O2, at average collision energies close to 800 cm-1. DCSs are strongly forward scattered for all three colliders for all observed NO(A) final rotational states, N'. For collisions with N2 and CO, the fraction of NO(A) that is scattered sideways and backward increases with increasing N', as does the internal rotational excitation of the colliders, with N2 having the highest internal excitation. In contrast, the DCSs for collisions with O2 are essentially only forward scattered, with little rotational excitation of the O2. The sideways and backward scattering expected from low-impact-parameter collisions, and the rotational excitation expected from the orientational dependence of published van der Waals potential energy surfaces (PESs), are absent in the observed NO(A) + O2 results. This is consistent with the removal of these short-range scattering trajectories via facile electronic quenching of NO(A) by O2, in agreement with the literature determination of the coupled NO-O2 PESs and the associated conical intersections. In contrast, collisions at high-impact parameter that predominately sample the attractive van der Waals minimum do not experience quenching and are inelastically forward scattered with low rotational excitation.
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9
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Lara M, Jambrina PG, Aoiz FJ. Universal behavior in complex-mediated reactions: Dynamics of S(1D) + o-D2 → D + SD at low collision energies. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:2889001. [PMID: 37154275 DOI: 10.1063/5.0147182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive and elastic cross sections and rate coefficients have been calculated for the S(1D) + D2(v = 0, j = 0) reaction using a modified hyperspherical quantum reactive scattering method. The considered collision energy ranges from the ultracold regime, where only one partial wave is open, up to the Langevin regime, where many of them contribute. This work presents the extension of the quantum calculations, which in a previous study were compared with the experimental results, down to energies in the cold and ultracold domains. Results are analyzed and compared with the universal case of the quantum defect theory by Jachymski et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 213202 (2013)]. State-to-state integral and differential cross sections are also shown covering the ranges of low-thermal, cold, and ultracold collision energy regimes. It is found that at E/kB < 1 K, there are substantial departures from the expected statistical behavior and that dynamical features become increasingly important with decreasing collision energy, leading to vibrational excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Lara
- Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - P G Jambrina
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - F J Aoiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Jambrina PG, Croft JFE, Zuo J, Guo H, Balakrishnan N, Aoiz FJ. Stereodynamical Control of Cold Collisions between Two Aligned D_{2} Molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:033002. [PMID: 36763383 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.033002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Resonant scattering of optically state-prepared and aligned molecules in the cold regime allows the most detailed interrogation and control of bimolecular collisions. This technique has recently been applied to collisions of two aligned ortho-D_{2} molecules prepared in the j=2 rotational level of the v=2 vibrational manifold using the Stark-induced adiabatic Raman passage technique. Here, we develop the theoretical formalism for describing four-vector correlations in collisions of two aligned molecules and apply our approach to state-prepared D_{2}(v=2,j=2)+D_{2}(v=2,j=2)→D_{2}(v=2,j=2)+D_{2}(v=2,j=0) collisions, making possible the simulations of the experimental results from first principles. Key features of the experimental angular distributions are reproduced and attributed primarily to a partial wave resonance with orbital angular momentum ℓ=4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo G Jambrina
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37008, Spain
| | - James F E Croft
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand and Department of Physics, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Junxiang Zuo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - Naduvalath Balakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - F Javier Aoiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad Complutense. Madrid 28040, Spain
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11
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Wang Y, Huang J, Wang W, Du T, Xie Y, Ma Y, Xiao C, Zhang Z, Zhang DH, Yang X. Stereodynamical control of the H + HD → H 2 + D reaction through HD reagent alignment. Science 2023; 379:191-195. [PMID: 36634162 DOI: 10.1126/science.ade7471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Prealigning nonpolar reacting molecules leads to large stereodynamical effects because of their weak steering interaction en route to the reaction barrier. However, experimental limitations in preparing aligned molecules efficiently have hindered the investigation of steric effects in bimolecular reactions involving hydrogen. Here, we report a high-resolution crossed-beam study of the reaction H + HD(v = 1, j = 2) → H2(v', j') + D at collision energies of 0.50, 1.20, and 2.07 electron volts in which the vibrationally excited hydrogen deuteride (HD) molecules were prepared in two collision configurations, with their bond preferentially aligned parallel and perpendicular to the relative velocity of collision partners. Notable stereodynamical effects in differential cross sections were observed. Quantum dynamics calculations revealed that strong constructive interference in the perpendicular configuration plays an important role in the stereodynamical effects observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Jiayu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianyu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yurun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.,Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuxin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunlei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.,Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Zhaojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Dong H Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.,Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.,Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
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12
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Chien TE, Hohmann L, Harding DJ. Near-ambient pressure velocity map imaging. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:034201. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0098495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a new velocity map imaging instrument for studying molecular beam surface scattering in a near-ambient pressure (NAP-VMI) environment. The instrument offers the possibility to study chemical reaction dynamics and kinetics where higher pressures are either desired or unavoidable, adding a new tool to help close the “pressure gap” between surface science and applied catalysis. NAP-VMI conditions are created by two sets of ion optics that guide ions through an aperture and map their velocities. The aperture separates the high pressure ionization region and maintains the necessary vacuum in the detector region. The performance of the NAP-VMI is demonstrated with results from N2O photodissociation and N2 scattering from a Pd(110) surface, which are compared under vacuum and at near-ambient pressure (1 × 10−3 mbar). NAP-VMI has the potential to be applied to, and useful for, a broader range of experiments, including photoelectron spectroscopy and scattering with liquid microjets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-En Chien
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
| | - Lea Hohmann
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
| | - Dan J. Harding
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
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13
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Jambrina PG, Morita M, Croft JFE, Aoiz FJ, Balakrishnan N. Role of Low Energy Resonances in the Stereodynamics of Cold He + D 2 Collisions. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4064-4072. [PMID: 35499484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent experiments using the Stark-induced adiabatic Raman passage technique, Zhou et al. ( J. Chem. Phys. 2021, 154, 104309; Science 2021, 374, 960-964) measured the product's angular distribution for the collisions between He and aligned D2 molecules at cold collision energies. The signatures of the angular distributions were attributed to an [Formula: see text] = 2 resonance that governs scattering at low energies. A first-principles quantum mechanical treatment of this problem is presented here using a highly accurate interaction potential for the He-H2 system. Our results predict a very intense [Formula: see text] = 1 resonance at low energies, leading to angular distributions that differ from those measured in the experiment. A good agreement with the experiment is achieved only when the [Formula: see text] = 1 resonance is artificially removed, for example, by excluding the lowest energies present in the experimental velocity distribution. Our analysis revealed that neither the position nor the intensity of the [Formula: see text] = 1 resonance significantly changes when the interaction potential is modified within its predicted uncertainties. Energy-resolved measurements may help to resolve the discrepancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo G Jambrina
- Departamento de Química Física, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37008, Spain
| | - Masato Morita
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
| | - James F E Croft
- Department of Physics, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - F Javier Aoiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Naduvalath Balakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
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14
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Leng JG, Sharples TR, McKendrick KG, Costen ML. Stereodynamics of rotational energy transfer in NO( A2Σ +) + Kr collisions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:6525-6534. [PMID: 35257129 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05960b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A crossed molecular beam, velocity-map ion imaging apparatus has been used to determine differential cross sections (DCSs) and angle-resolved rotational angular momentum alignment moments for the state-resolved rotationally inelastic scattering of NO(A2Σ+, v = 0, j = 0.5 f1) with Kr at an average collision energy of 785 cm-1. The experimental results are compared to close-coupled quantum scattering (QS) calculations performed on a literature ab initio potential energy surface (J. Kłos et al., J. Chem. Phys., 2008, 129, 244303). DCSs are very strongly forward scattered, with weaker side and backward scattered peaks becoming progressively more important at higher-N'. Good agreement is found between experimental and QS DCSs, indicating that the PES is an accurate reflection of the NO(A)-Kr interaction energies. Partial wave analysis of the QS DCSs isolates multiple scattering mechanisms contributing to the DCSs, including L-type rainbows and Fraunhofer diffraction. Measured alignment moments are not well described by a hard-shell kinematic apse scattering model, showing deviations in the forward scattering hemisphere that are in agreement with QS calculations and arise from attractive regions of the PES. These discrepancies emphasise that established scattering mechanisms for molecules such as NO with lighter noble gases cannot be extrapolated safely to heavier, more polarisable members of the series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G Leng
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Thomas R Sharples
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
| | | | - Matthew L Costen
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
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15
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Shaikh M, Liu X, Amini K, Steinle T, Biegert J. High density molecular jets of complex neutral organic molecules with Tesla valves. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:104103. [PMID: 34717433 DOI: 10.1063/5.0060904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Supersonic jets of gas-phase atoms and small molecules have enabled a variety of ultrafast and ultracold chemical studies. However, extension to larger, more complex neutral molecules proves challenging for two reasons: (i) Complex molecules, such as cis-stilbene, exist in a liquid or solid phase at room temperature and ambient pressure and (ii) a unidirectional flow of high-density gaseous beams of such molecules to the interaction region is required. No delivery system currently exists that can deliver dense enough molecular jets of neutral complex molecules without ionizing or exciting the target for use in gas-phase structural dynamics studies. Here, we present a novel delivery system utilizing Tesla valves, which generates more than an order-of-magnitude denser gaseous beam of molecules compared to a bubbler without Tesla valves at the interaction region by ensuring a fast unidirectional flow of the gaseous sample. We present combined experimental and flow simulations of the Tesla valve setup. Our results open new possibilities of studying large complex neutral molecules in the gas-phase with low vapor pressures in future ultrafast and ultracold studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moniruzzaman Shaikh
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xinyao Liu
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kasra Amini
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tobias Steinle
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jens Biegert
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Jambrina PG, Croft JFE, Balakrishnan N, Aoiz FJ. Stereodynamic control of cold rotationally inelastic CO + HD collisions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:19364-19374. [PMID: 34524308 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02755g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Quantum control of molecular collision dynamics is an exciting emerging area of cold collisions. Co-expansion of collision partners in a supersonic molecular beam combined with precise control of their quantum states and alignment/orientation using Stark-induced Adiabatic Raman Passage allows exquisite stereodynamic control of the collision outcome. This approach has recently been demonstrated for rotational quenching of HD in collisions with H2, D2, and He and D2 by He. Here we illustrate this approach for HD(v = 0, j = 2) + CO(v = 0, j = 0) → HD(v' = 0, j') + CO(v' = 0, j') collisions through full-dimensional quantum scattering calculations at collision energies near 1 K. It is shown that the collision dynamics at energies between 0.01-1 K are controlled by an interplay of L = 1 and L = 2 partial wave resonances depending on the final rotational levels of the two molecules. Polarized cross sections resolved into magnetic sub-levels of the initial and final rotational quantum numbers of the two molecules also reveal a significant stereodynamic effect in the cold energy regime. Overall, the stereodynamic effect is controlled by both geometric and dynamical factors, with parity conservation playing an important role in modulating these contributions depending on the particular final state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo G Jambrina
- Departamento de Química Física, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37008, Spain.
| | - James F E Croft
- Department of Physics, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. .,Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | | | - F Javier Aoiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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17
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Heid CG, Bentham IP, Gheorghe R, Jambrina PG, Aoiz FJ, Brouard M. Inelastic collision dynamics of oriented NO molecules with Kr atoms. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.1946607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia G. Heid
- Department of Chemistry, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Imogen P. Bentham
- Department of Chemistry, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Razvan Gheorghe
- Department of Chemistry, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pablo G. Jambrina
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - F. Javier Aoiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark Brouard
- Department of Chemistry, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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18
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Sáez-Rábanos V, Verdasco JE, Aoiz FJ, Herrero VJ. The F + HD(v = 0, 1; j = 0, 1) reactions: stereodynamical properties of orbiting resonances. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:8002-8012. [PMID: 33480905 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05425a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The excitation functions (reaction cross-section as a function of collision energy) of the F + HD(v = 0, 1; j = 0, 1) benchmark system have been calculated in the 0.01-6 meV collision energy interval using a time-independent hyperspherical quantum dynamics methodology. Special attention has been paid to orbiting resonances, which bring about detailed information on the three-atom interaction during the reactive encounter. The location of the resonances depends on the rovibrational state of the reactants HD(v,j), but is the same for the two product channels HF + D and DF + H, as expected for these resonances that are linked to the van der Waals well at the entrance. The resonance intensities depend both on the entrance and on the exit channels. The peak intensities for the HF + D channel are systematically larger than those for DF + H. Vibrational excitation leads to an increase of the peak intensity by more than an order of magnitude, but rotational excitation has a less drastic effect. It deceases the resonance intensity of the F + HD(v = 1) reaction, but increases somewhat that of F + HD(v = 0). Polarization of the rotational angular momentum with respect to the initial velocity reveals intrinsic directional preferences in the F + HD(v = 0, 1; j = 1) reactions that are manifested in the resonance patterns. The helicities (Ω = 0, Ω = ±1) possible for j = 1 contribute to the resonances, but that from Ω± 1 is, in general, dominant and in some cases exclusive. It corresponds to a preferential alignment of the HD internuclear axis perpendicular to the initial direction of approach and, thus, to side-on collisions. This work also shows that external preparation of the reactants, following the intrinsic preferences, would allow the enhancement or reduction of specific resonance features, and would be of great help for their eventual experimental detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sáez-Rábanos
- Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, E.T.S. de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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19
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Heid CG, Bentham IP, Walpole V, Jambrina PG, Aoiz FJ, Brouard M. Controlling the Spin-Orbit Branching Fraction in Molecular Collisions. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:310-316. [PMID: 33351625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The collision geometry, that is, the relative orientation of reactants before interaction, can have a large effect on how a collision or reaction proceeds. Certain geometries may prevent access to a given product channel, while others might enhance it. In this Letter, we demonstrate how the initial orientation of NO molecules relative to approaching Ar atoms determines the branching between the spin-orbit changing and the spin-orbit conserving rotational product channels. We use a recently developed quantum treatment to calculate differential and integral branching fractions, at any arbitrary orientation, from theoretical and experimental data points. Our results show that a substantial degree of control over the final spin-orbit state of the scattering products can be achieved by tuning the initial collision geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia G Heid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Imogen P Bentham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Walpole
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo G Jambrina
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - F Javier Aoiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark Brouard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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20
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Heid CG, Bentham IP, Walpole V, Gheorghe R, Jambrina PG, Aoiz FJ, Brouard M. Probing the location of the unpaired electron in spin-orbit changing collisions of NO with Ar. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:22289-22301. [PMID: 33005915 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04228e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular forces that drive a reaction or scattering process lies at the heart of molecular dynamics. Here, we present a combined experimental and theoretical study of the spin-orbit changing scattering dynamics of oriented NO molecules with Ar atoms. Using our crossed molecular beam apparatus, we have recorded velocity-map ion images and extracted differential and integral cross sections of the scattering process in the side-on geometry. We observe an overall preference for collisions close to the N atom in the spin-orbit changing manifold, which is a direct consequence of the location of the unpaired electron on the potential energy surface. In addition, a prominent forward scattered feature is observed for intermediate, even rotational transitions when the atom approaches the molecule from the O-end. The appearance of this peak originates from an attractive well on the A' potential energy surface, which efficiently directs high impact parameter trajectories towards the region of high unpaired electron density near the N-end of the molecule. The ability to orient molecules prior to collision, both experimentally and theoretically, allows us to sample different regions of the potential energy surface(s) and unveil the associated collision pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia G Heid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
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21
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Xie Y, Zhao H, Wang Y, Huang Y, Wang T, Xu X, Xiao C, Sun Z, Zhang DH, Yang X. Quantum interference in H + HD → H2 + D between direct abstraction and roaming insertion pathways. Science 2020; 368:767-771. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abb1564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Understanding quantum interferences is essential to the study of chemical reaction dynamics. Here, we provide an interesting case of quantum interference between two topologically distinct pathways in the H + HD → H2 + D reaction in the collision energy range between 1.94 and 2.21 eV, manifested as oscillations in the energy dependence of the differential cross section for the H2 (v′ = 2, j′ = 3) product (where v′ is the vibrational quantum number and j′ is the rotational quantum number) in the backward scattering direction. The notable oscillation patterns observed are attributed to the strong quantum interference between the direct abstraction pathway and an unusual roaming insertion pathway. More interestingly, the observed interference pattern also provides a sensitive probe of the geometric phase effect at an energy far below the conical intersection in this reaction, which resembles the Aharonov–Bohm effect in physics, clearly demonstrating the quantum nature of chemical reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hailin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Chunlei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhigang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Dong H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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22
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Brouard M, Chadwick H, Gordon SDS, Heid CG, Hornung B, Nichols B, Kłos J, Jambrina PG, Aoiz FJ. Differential cross sections and collision-induced rotational alignment in inelastic scattering of NO(X) by Xe. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2002020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Brouard
- The Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Helen Chadwick
- The Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Sean D. S. Gordon
- The Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Cornelia G. Heid
- The Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Balazs Hornung
- The Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Bethan Nichols
- The Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Jacek Kłos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Pablo G. Jambrina
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - F. Javier Aoiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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23
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Zhou Y, Shagam Y, Cairncross WB, Ng KB, Roussy TS, Grogan T, Boyce K, Vigil A, Pettine M, Zelevinsky T, Ye J, Cornell EA. Second-Scale Coherence Measured at the Quantum Projection Noise Limit with Hundreds of Molecular Ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:053201. [PMID: 32083904 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.053201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cold molecules provide an excellent platform for quantum information, cold chemistry, and precision measurement. Certain molecules have enhanced sensitivity to beyond standard model physics, such as the electron's electric dipole moment (eEDM). Molecular ions are easily trappable and are therefore particularly attractive for precision measurements where sensitivity scales with interrogation time. Here, we demonstrate a spin precession measurement with second-scale coherence at the quantum projection noise (QPN) limit with hundreds of trapped molecular ions, chosen for their sensitivity to the eEDM rather than their amenability to state control and readout. Orientation-resolved resonant photodissociation allows us to simultaneously measure two quantum states with opposite eEDM sensitivity, reaching the QPN limit and fully exploiting the high count rate and long coherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - Yuval Shagam
- JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - William B Cairncross
- JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - Kia Boon Ng
- JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - Tanya S Roussy
- JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - Tanner Grogan
- JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - Kevin Boyce
- JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - Antonio Vigil
- JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - Madeline Pettine
- JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - Tanya Zelevinsky
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - Jun Ye
- JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - Eric A Cornell
- JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
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24
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Jambrina PG, Zanchet A, Menéndez M, Herrero VJ, Aoiz FJ. Unexpected dynamical effects change the lambda-doublet propensity in the tunneling region for the O( 3P) + H 2 reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:25389-25396. [PMID: 31709441 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04690a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the most relevant features of the O(3P) + H2 reaction is that it occurs on two different potential energy surfaces (PESs) of symmetries A' and A'' that correlate reactants and products. The respective saddle points, which correspond to a collinear arrangement, are the same for both PESs, whilst the barrier height rises more abruptly on the 3A' PES than on the 3A'' PES. Accordingly, the reactivity on the 3A'' PES should be always higher than on the 3A' PES. In this work, we present accurate quantum-scattering calculations showing that this is not always the case for rotationless reactants, where dynamical factors near the reaction threshold cause the 3A' PES to dominate at energies around the barrier. Further calculation of cross sections and Λ-doublet populations has allowed us to establish how the reaction mechanism changes from the deep tunneling regime to hyperthermal energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Jambrina
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37003, Salamanca, Spain
| | - A Zanchet
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37003, Salamanca, Spain and Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Unidad Asociada CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Menéndez
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Unidad Asociada CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - V J Herrero
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, IEM-CSIC c/Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - F J Aoiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Unidad Asociada CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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25
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Walpole V, Heid CG, Jambrina PG, Aoiz FJ, Brouard M. Steric Effects in the Inelastic Scattering of NO(X) + Ar: Side-on Orientation. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:8787-8806. [PMID: 31513425 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The rotationally inelastic collisions of NO(X) with Ar, in which the NO bond-axis is oriented side-on (i.e., perpendicular) to the incoming collision partner, are investigated experimentally and theoretically. The NO(X) molecules are selected in the |j = 0.5, Ω = 0.5, ε = -1, f⟩ state prior to bond-axis orientation in a static electric field. The scattered NO products are then state selectively detected using velocity-map ion imaging. The experimental bond-axis orientation resolved differential cross sections and integral steric asymmetries are compared with quantum mechanical calculations, and are shown to be in good agreement. The strength of the orientation field is shown to affect the structure observed in the differential cross sections, and to some extent also the steric preference, depending on the ratio of the initial e and f Λ-doublets in the superposition determined by the orientation field. Classical and quantum calculations are compared and used to rationalize the structures observed in the differential cross sections. It is found that these structures are due to quantum mechanical interference effects, which differ for the two possible orientations of the NO molecule due to the anisotropy of the potential energy surface probed in the side-on orientation. Side-on collisions are shown to maximize and afford a high degree of control over the scattering intensity at small scattering angles (θ < 90°), while end-on collisions are predicted to dominate in the backward scattered region (θ > 90°).
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Walpole
- The Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , U.K
| | - Cornelia G Heid
- The Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , U.K
| | - Pablo G Jambrina
- Departamento de Química Física , Universidad de Salamanca , 37008 , Salamanca , Spain
| | - F Javier Aoiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química , Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | - Mark Brouard
- The Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , U.K
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26
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Jambrina PG, Croft JFE, Guo H, Brouard M, Balakrishnan N, Aoiz FJ. Stereodynamical Control of a Quantum Scattering Resonance in Cold Molecular Collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:043401. [PMID: 31491255 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.043401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cold collisions of light molecules are often dominated by a single partial wave resonance. For the rotational quenching of HD (v=1, j=2) by collisions with ground state para-H_{2}, the process is dominated by a single L=2 partial wave resonance centered around 0.1 K. Here, we show that this resonance can be switched on or off simply by appropriate alignment of the HD rotational angular momentum relative to the initial velocity vector, thereby enabling complete control of the collision outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo G Jambrina
- Departamento de Química Física. Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37008, Spain
| | - James F E Croft
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand and Department of Physics, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - Mark Brouard
- The Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, The Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Naduvalath Balakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - F Javier Aoiz
- Departamento de Química Física. Universidad Complutense. Madrid 28040, Spain
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