1
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Roos M, Muhl IF, Schmidt M, Morais CV, Zimmer FM. Effects of third-neighbor interactions on the frustrated quantum Ising model. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:014144. [PMID: 38366410 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.014144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
We investigate thermal and quantum phase transitions of the J_{1}-J_{2}-J_{3} transverse Ising model on the square lattice. The model is studied within a cluster mean-field decoupling, which allows us to describe phase diagrams and the free-energy landscape in the neighborhood of phase transitions. Our findings indicate that the third-neighbor coupling (J_{3}) can affect the nature of phase transitions of the model. In particular, ferromagnetic third-neighbor couplings favor the onset of continuous order-disorder phase transitions, eliminating the tricritical point of the superantiferromagnetic-paramagnetic (SAFM-PM) phase boundary. On the other hand, the enhancement of frustration introduced by weak antiferromagnetic J_{3} gives rise to the staggered dimer phase favoring the onset of discontinuous classical phase transitions. Moreover, we find that quantum annealed criticality (QAC), which takes place when the classical discontinuous phase transition becomes critical by the enhancement of quantum fluctuations introduced by the transverse magnetic field, is eliminated from the SAFM-PM phase boundary by a relatively weak ferromagnetic J_{3}. Nevertheless, this change in the nature of phase transitions can still be observed in the presence of antiferromagnetic third-neighbor couplings being also found in the staggered-dimer phase boundary. Therefore, our findings support that QAC persists under the presence of frustrated antiferromagnetic third-neighbor couplings and is suppressed when these couplings are ferromagnetic, suggesting that frustration plays a central role in the onset of QAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Roos
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - I F Muhl
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - M Schmidt
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - C V Morais
- Instituto de Física e Matemática - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - F M Zimmer
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900 Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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2
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Schaack S, Mangaud E, Fallacara E, Huppert S, Depondt P, Finocchi F. When Quantum Fluctuations Meet Structural Instabilities: The Isotope- and Pressure-Induced Phase Transition in the Quantum Paraelectric NaOH. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:126101. [PMID: 37802932 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.126101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Anhydrous sodium hydroxide, a common and structurally simple compound, shows spectacular isotope effects: NaOD undergoes a first-order transition, which is absent in NaOH. By combining ab initio electronic structure calculations with Feynman path integrals, we show that NaOH is an unusual example of a quantum paraelectric: zero-point quantum fluctuations stretch the weak hydrogen bonds (HBs) into a region where they are unstable and break. By strengthening the HBs via isotope substitution or applied pressure, the system can be driven to a broken-symmetry antiferroelectric phase. In passing, we provide a simple quantitative criterion for HB breaking in layered crystals and show that nuclear quantum effects are crucial in paraelectric to ferroelectric transitions in hydrogen-bonded hydroxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Schaack
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7588, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Etienne Mangaud
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7588, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, 75005 Paris, France
- Univ Gustave Eiffel, Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, UMR 8208, MSME, F-77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France
| | - Erika Fallacara
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7588, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Simon Huppert
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7588, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Depondt
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7588, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Fabio Finocchi
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7588, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, 75005 Paris, France
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3
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Flavián D, Volkov PA, Hayashida S, Povarov KY, Gvasaliya S, Chandra P, Zheludev A. Dielectric Relaxation by Quantum Critical Magnons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:216501. [PMID: 37295092 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.216501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report the experimental observation of dielectric relaxation by quantum critical magnons. Complex capacitance measurements reveal a dissipative feature with a temperature-dependent amplitude due to low-energy lattice excitations and an activation behavior of the relaxation time. The activation energy softens close to a field-tuned magnetic quantum critical point at H=H_{c} and follows single-magnon energy for H>H_{c}, showing its magnetic origin. Our study demonstrates the electrical activity of coupled low-energy spin and lattice excitations, an example of quantum multiferroic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Flavián
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pavel A Volkov
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Center for Materials Theory, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - S Hayashida
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K Yu Povarov
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S Gvasaliya
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Premala Chandra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Center for Materials Theory, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - A Zheludev
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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4
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Fodouop FK, Tsokeng AT, Nganyo PN, Tchoffo M, Fai L. A metamagnetoelectric view of the linarite PbCuSO 4(OH)2 cuprate spin chain. Chem Phys Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2023.140363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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5
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Talanov MV, Stash AI, Ivanov SA, Zhukova ES, Gorshunov BP, Nekrasov BM, Stolyarov VS, Kozlov VI, Savinov M, Bush AA. Octahedra-Tilted Control of Displacement Disorder and Dielectric Relaxation in Mn-Doped SrTiO 3 Single Crystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:11720-11728. [PMID: 36512678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Strontium titanate SrTiO3 (STO) is a canonical example of a quantum paraelectric, and its doping with manganese ions unlocks its potential as a quantum multiferroic candidate. However, to date, the specifics of incorporation of the manganese ion into the perovskite lattice and its impact on structure-property relationships are debatable questions. Herein, using high-precision X-ray diffraction of a Mn (2 atom %)-doped STO single crystal, clear fingerprints of the displacement disorder of Mn cations in the perovskite B-sublattice are observed. Moreover, near the temperature of the antiferrodistortive transition, the off-center Mn position splits in two, providing the unequal potential barrier's distribution for possible local atomic hopping. A link with this was found via analysis of the dielectric response that reveals two Arrhenius-type relaxation processes with similar activation energies (35 and 43 meV) and attempt frequencies (1 × 1011 and ∼1.6 × 1010 Hz), suggesting similar dielectric relaxation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V Talanov
- Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, 194 Stachki av., 344090Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Adam I Stash
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Science, 28 Vavilov Strasse, 119991Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey A Ivanov
- Chemical Department, Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, 119991Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena S Zhukova
- Laboratory of Terahertz Spectroscopy, Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 9 Institutskiy Pereulok, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region141700, Russia
| | - Boris P Gorshunov
- Laboratory of Terahertz Spectroscopy, Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 9 Institutskiy Pereulok, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region141700, Russia
| | - Boris M Nekrasov
- Laboratory of Terahertz Spectroscopy, Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 9 Institutskiy Pereulok, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region141700, Russia
| | - Vasily S Stolyarov
- Center for Advanced Mesoscience and Nanotechnology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 9 Institutskiy Pereulok, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region141700, Russia
| | - Vladislav I Kozlov
- Research Institute of Solid-State Electronics Materials, MIREA - Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA), 78 Vernadsky prospect, 119454Moscow, Russia
- Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems RAS, 2 st. Kosygina, 119334Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Savinov
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 18200Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander A Bush
- Research Institute of Solid-State Electronics Materials, MIREA - Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA), 78 Vernadsky prospect, 119454Moscow, Russia
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6
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Reticcioli M, Wang Z, Schmid M, Wrana D, Boatner LA, Diebold U, Setvin M, Franchini C. Competing electronic states emerging on polar surfaces. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4311. [PMID: 35879300 PMCID: PMC9314351 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31953-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess charge on polar surfaces of ionic compounds is commonly described by the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) model, a homogeneous distribution of charge, spatially-confined in a few atomic layers. Here, by combining scanning probe microscopy with density functional theory calculations, we show that excess charge on the polar TaO2 termination of KTaO3(001) forms more complex electronic states with different degrees of spatial and electronic localization: charge density waves (CDW) coexist with strongly-localized electron polarons and bipolarons. These surface electronic reconstructions, originating from the combined action of electron-lattice interaction and electronic correlation, are energetically more favorable than the 2DEG solution. They exhibit distinct spectroscopy signals and impact on the surface properties, as manifested by a local suppression of ferroelectric distortions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Reticcioli
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Center for Computational Materials Science, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zhichang Wang
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Michael Schmid
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominik Wrana
- Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 180 00, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Lynn A Boatner
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Ulrike Diebold
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Setvin
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 180 00, Prague 8, Czech Republic.
| | - Cesare Franchini
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Center for Computational Materials Science, Vienna, Austria.
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, 40127, Bologna, Italy.
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7
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Song Q, Occhialini CA, Ergeçen E, Ilyas B, Amoroso D, Barone P, Kapeghian J, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Botana AS, Picozzi S, Gedik N, Comin R. Evidence for a single-layer van der Waals multiferroic. Nature 2022; 602:601-605. [PMID: 35197619 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04337-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Multiferroic materials have attracted wide interest because of their exceptional static1-3 and dynamical4-6 magnetoelectric properties. In particular, type-II multiferroics exhibit an inversion-symmetry-breaking magnetic order that directly induces ferroelectric polarization through various mechanisms, such as the spin-current or the inverse Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya effect3,7. This intrinsic coupling between the magnetic and dipolar order parameters results in high-strength magnetoelectric effects3,8. Two-dimensional materials possessing such intrinsic multiferroic properties have been long sought for to enable the harnessing of magnetoelectric coupling in nanoelectronic devices1,9,10. Here we report the discovery of type-II multiferroic order in a single atomic layer of the transition-metal-based van der Waals material NiI2. The multiferroic state of NiI2 is characterized by a proper-screw spin helix with given handedness, which couples to the charge degrees of freedom to produce a chirality-controlled electrical polarization. We use circular dichroic Raman measurements to directly probe the magneto-chiral ground state and its electromagnon modes originating from dynamic magnetoelectric coupling. Combining birefringence and second-harmonic-generation measurements with theoretical modelling and simulations, we detect a highly anisotropic electronic state that simultaneously breaks three-fold rotational and inversion symmetry, and supports polar order. The evolution of the optical signatures as a function of temperature and layer number surprisingly reveals an ordered magnetic polar state that persists down to the ultrathin limit of monolayer NiI2. These observations establish NiI2 and transition metal dihalides as a new platform for studying emergent multiferroic phenomena, chiral magnetic textures and ferroelectricity in the two-dimensional limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Song
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Material Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Connor A Occhialini
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Emre Ergeçen
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Batyr Ilyas
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Danila Amoroso
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR-SPIN, c/o Università degli Studi 'G. D'Annunzio', Chieti, Italy.,NanoMat/Q-mat/CESAM, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Paolo Barone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR-SPIN, Area della Ricerca di Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Jesse Kapeghian
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Antia S Botana
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Silvia Picozzi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR-SPIN, c/o Università degli Studi 'G. D'Annunzio', Chieti, Italy
| | - Nuh Gedik
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Riccardo Comin
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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8
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González-Herrero H, Mendieta-Moreno JI, Edalatmanesh S, Santos J, Martín N, Écija D, de la Torre B, Jelinek P. Atomic Scale Control and Visualization of Topological Quantum Phase Transition in π-Conjugated Polymers Driven by Their Length. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2104495. [PMID: 34536048 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) driven by quantum fluctuations are transitions between distinct quantum phases of matter. At present, they are poorly understood and not readily controlled. Here, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and noncontact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) are used to explore atomic scale control over quantum phase transitions between two different topological quantum states of a well-defined π-conjugated polymer. The phase transition is driven by a pseudo Jahn-Teller effect that is activated above a certain polymer chain length. In addition, theoretical calculations indicate the presence of long-lasting coherent fluctuations between the polymer's two quantum phases near the phase transition, at finite temperature. This work thus presents a new way of exploring atomic-scale control over QPTs and indicates that emerging quantum criticality in the vicinity of a QPT can give rise to new states of organic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor González-Herrero
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University, Olomouc, 78371, Czech Republic
| | | | - Shayan Edalatmanesh
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University, Olomouc, 78371, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - José Santos
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, C/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Nazario Martín
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, C/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - David Écija
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, C/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Bruno de la Torre
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University, Olomouc, 78371, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Jelinek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University, Olomouc, 78371, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 162 00, Czech Republic
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9
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Bhalla P, Das N. Optical phonon contribution to the thermal conductivity of a quantum paraelectric. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:345401. [PMID: 34098535 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac08b7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by recent experimental findings, we study the contribution of a quantum critical optical phonon branch to the thermal conductivity of a paraelectric system. We consider the proximity of the optical phonon branch to transverse acoustic phonon branch and calculate its contribution to the thermal conductivity within the Kubo formalism. We find a low temperature power law dependence of the thermal conductivity asTα, with 1 <α< 2, (lower thanT3behavior) due to optical phonons near the quantum critical point. This result is in accord with the experimental findings and indicates the importance of quantum fluctuations in the thermal conduction in these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Bhalla
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Nabyendu Das
- Department of Physics, The LNM-Institute of Information Technology, Jaipur 302031, India
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10
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Juraschek DM, Narang P. Highly Confined Phonon Polaritons in Monolayers of Perovskite Oxides. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:5098-5104. [PMID: 34101474 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials are able to strongly confine light hybridized with collective excitations of atoms, enabling electric-field enhancements and novel spectroscopic applications. Recently, freestanding monolayers of perovskite oxides have been synthesized, which possess highly infrared-active phonon modes and a complex interplay of competing interactions. Here, we show that this new class of 2D materials exhibits highly confined phonon polaritons by evaluating central figures of merit for phonon polaritons in the tetragonal phases of the 2D perovskites SrTiO3, KTaO3, and LiNbO3, using density functional theory calculations. Specifically, we compute the 2D phonon-polariton dispersions, the propagation-quality, confinement, and deceleration factors, and we show that they are comparable to those found in the prototypical 2D dielectric hexagonal boron nitride. Our results suggest that monolayers of perovskite oxides are promising candidates for polaritonic platforms that enable new possibilities in terms of tunability and spectral ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik M Juraschek
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Prineha Narang
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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11
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Lou PC, Katailiha A, Bhardwaj RG, Beyermann WP, Juraschek DM, Kumar S. Large Magnetic Moment in Flexoelectronic Silicon at Room Temperature. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:2939-2945. [PMID: 33739114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Time-dependent rotational electric polarizations have been proposed to generate temporally varying magnetic moments, for example, through a combination of ferroelectric polarization and optical phonons. This phenomenon has been called dynamical multiferroicity, but explicit experimental demonstrations have been elusive to date. Here, we report the detection of a temporal magnetic moment as high as 1.2 μB/atom in a charge-doped thin film of silicon under flexural strain. We demonstrate that the magnetic moment is generated by a combination of electric polarization arising from a flexoelectronic charge separation along the strain gradient and the deformation potential of phonons. The effect can be controlled by adjusting the external strain gradient, doping concentration, and dopant and can be regarded as a dynamical multiferroic effect involving flexoelectronic polarization instead of ferroelectricity. The discovery of a large magnetic moment in silicon may enable the use of nonmagnetic and nonferroelectric semiconductors in various multiferroic and spintronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Lou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Anand Katailiha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Ravindra G Bhardwaj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Ward P Beyermann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Dominik M Juraschek
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02145, United States
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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12
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Non-collinear magnetism & multiferroicity: the perovskite case. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2019-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The most important types of non-collinear magnetic orders that are realized in simple perovskite oxides are outlined in relation to multiferroicity. These orders are classified and rationalized in terms of a mimimal spin Hamiltonian, based on which the notion of spin-driven ferroelectricity is illustrated. These concepts find direct application in reference materials such as BiFeO3, GdFeO3 and TbMnO3 whose multiferroic properties are briefly reviewed.
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13
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Khaetskii A, Juričič V, Balatsky AV. Thermal magnetic fluctuations of a ferroelectric quantum critical point. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 33:04LT01. [PMID: 33146153 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abbb0f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Entanglement of two different quantum orders is of an interest of the modern condensed matter physics. One of the examples is the dynamical multiferroicity, where fluctuations of electric dipoles lead to magnetization. We investigate this effect at finite temperature and demonstrate an elevated magnetic response of a ferroelectric near the ferroelectric quantum critical point (FE QCP). We calculate the magnetic susceptibility of a bulk sample on the paraelectric side of the FE QCP at finite temperature and find enhanced magnetic susceptibility near the FE QCP. We propose quantum paraelectric strontium titanate as a candidate material to search for dynamic multiferroicity. We estimate the magnitude of the magnetic susceptibility for this material and find that it is detectable experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Khaetskii
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States of America
| | - Vladimir Juričič
- Nordita, KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander V Balatsky
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States of America
- Nordita, KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Lopes N, Barci DG, Continentino MA. Finite temperature effects in quantum systems with competing scalar orders. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:415601. [PMID: 32512551 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab9a7c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The study of the competition or coexistence of different ground states in many-body systems is an exciting and actual topic of research, both experimentally and theoretically. Quantum fluctuations of a given phase can suppress or enhance another phase depending on the nature of the coupling between the order parameters, their dynamics and the dimensionality of the system. The zero temperature phase diagrams of systems with competing scalar order parameters with quartic and bilinear coupling terms have been previously studied for the cases of a zero temperature bicritical point and of coexisting orders. In this work, we apply theMatsubara summationtechnique from finite temperature quantum field theory to introduce the effects of thermal fluctuations on the effective potential of these systems. This is essential to make contact with experiments. We consider two and three-dimensional materials characterized by a Lorentz invariant quantum critical theory, i.e., with dynamic critical exponentz= 1, such that time and space scale in the same way. We obtain that in both cases, thermal fluctuations lead to weak first-order temperature phase transitions, at which coexisting phases arising from quantum corrections become unstable. We show that above this critical temperature (Tc), the system presents scaling behavior consistent with that approaching a quantum critical point. Below the transition the specific heat has a thermally activated contribution with a gap related to the size of the domains of the ordered phases. We obtain thatTcdecreases as a function of the distance to the zero temperature classical bicritical point (ZTCBP) in the coexistence region, implying that in our approach, the system attains the highestTcabove the fine tuned value of this ZTCBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nei Lopes
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rua Dr Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, 22290-180, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel G Barci
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, 20550-013, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mucio A Continentino
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rua Dr Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, 22290-180, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Horiuchi S, Ishibashi S, Haruki R, Kumai R, Inada S, Aoyagi S. Metaelectric multiphase transitions in a highly polarizable molecular crystal. Chem Sci 2020; 11:6183-6192. [PMID: 32874515 PMCID: PMC7441576 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01687j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metaelectric transition, i.e. an abrupt increase in polarization with an electric field is just a phase change phenomenon in dielectrics and attracts increasing interest for practical applications such as electrical energy storage and highly deformable transducers. Here we demonstrate that both field-induced metaelectric transitions and temperature-induced phase transitions occur successively on a crystal of highly polarizable bis-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-methane (BI2C) molecules. In each molecule, two switchable polar subunits are covalently linked with each other. By changing the NH hydrogen location, the low- and high-dipole states of each molecule can be interconverted, turning on and off the polarization of hydrogen-bonded molecular ribbons. In the low-temperature phase III, the tetragonal crystal lattice comprises orthogonally crossed arrays of polar ribbons made up of a ladder-like hydrogen-bond network of fully polarized molecules. The single-step metaelectric transition from this phase III corresponds to the forced alignment of antiparallel dipoles typical of antiferroelectrics. By the transition to the intermediate-temperature phase II, the polarity is turned off for half of the ribbons so that the nonpolar and polar ribbons are orthogonal to each other. Considering also the ferroelastic-like crystal twinning, the doubled steps of metaelectric transitions observed in the phase II can be explained by the additional switching at different critical fields, by which the nonpolar ribbons undergo "metadielectric" molecular transformation restoring the strong polarization. This mechanism inevitably brings about exotic phase change phenomena transforming the multi-domain state of a homogeneous phase into an inhomogeneous (phase mixture) state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachio Horiuchi
- Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics (RIAEP) , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba 305-8565 , Japan
| | - Shoji Ishibashi
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD-FMat) , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba 305-8568 , Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Condensed Matter Research Center (CMRC) and Photon Factory , Institute of Materials Structure Science , High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) , Tsukuba 305-0801 , Japan
| | - Reiji Kumai
- Condensed Matter Research Center (CMRC) and Photon Factory , Institute of Materials Structure Science , High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) , Tsukuba 305-0801 , Japan
| | - Satoshi Inada
- Research & Development Center , Ouchi Shinko Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. , Sukagawa 962-0806 , Japan
| | - Shigenobu Aoyagi
- Research & Development Center , Ouchi Shinko Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. , Sukagawa 962-0806 , Japan
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16
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Volkov PA, Chandra P. Multiband Quantum Criticality of Polar Metals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:237601. [PMID: 32603164 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.237601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by recent experimental realizations of polar metals with broken inversion symmetry, we explore the emergence of strong correlations driven by criticality when the polar transition temperature is tuned to zero. Overcoming previously discussed challenges, we demonstrate a robust mechanism for coupling between the critical mode and electrons in multiband metals. We identify and characterize several novel interacting phases, including non-Fermi liquids, when band crossings are close to the Fermi level and present their experimental signatures for three generic types of band crossings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A Volkov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Center for Materials Theory, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Premala Chandra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Center for Materials Theory, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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17
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Jin C, Geng W, Wang L, Han W, Zheng D, Hu S, Ye M, Xu Z, Ji Y, Zhao J, Chen Z, Wang G, Tang Y, Zhu Y, Ma X, Chen L. Tuning ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism in BiFeO 3/BiMnO 3 superlattices. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:9810-9816. [PMID: 32329477 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09670a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Multiferroic materials with multifunctional characteristics play a critical role in the field of microelectronics. In a perovskite oxide, ferroelectric polarization and ferromagnetism usually cannot coexist in a single-phase material at the same time. In this work, we design a superlattice structure composed of alternating BiFeO3 and BiMnO3 layers and illustrate how tuning the supercell size of epitaxial BiFeO3/BiMnO3 superlattices facilitates ferroelectric polarization while maintaining relatively strong ferromagnetism. A comprehensive investigation reveals that the enhanced ferroelectric polarization of BiMnO3 layers originates from the induction effect induced by a strong polarization field generated by the adjacent ferroelectric BiFeO3 layers. For the magnetic behavior, we consider the existence of interfacial antiferromagnetic superexchange interaction of Fe-O-Mn between BiFeO3 and BiMnO3 layers in our superlattices. This modulation effect of artificial superlattices provides a platform to accurately control the multiple order parameters in a multiferroic oxide system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Jin
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150081, China
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Narayan A. Effect of strain and doping on the polar metal phase in LiOsO 3. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:125501. [PMID: 31751959 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab5a10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We systematically investigate the effect of strain and doping on the polar metal phase in lithium osmate, LiOsO3, using first-principles calculations. We demonstrate that the polar metal phase in LiOsO3 can be controlled by biaxial strain. Based on density functional calculations, we show that a compressive biaxial strain enhances the stability of the polar R3c phase. On the other hand, a tensile biaxial strain favors the centrosymmetric [Formula: see text] structure. Thus, strain emerges as a promising control parameter over polar metallicity in this material. We uncover a strain-driven quantum phase transition under tensile strain, and highlight intriguing properties that could emerge in the vicinity of this polar to non-polar metal transition. We examine the effect of charge doping on the polar metal phase. By means of electrostatic doping as well as supercell calculations, we find that screening from additional charge carriers, expected to suppress the polar distortions, have only a small effect on them. Rather remarkably, and in contrast to conventional ferroelectrics, the polar metal phase in LiOsO3 remains robust against charge doping up to large doping values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awadhesh Narayan
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India. Materials Theory, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, CH 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Spaldin NA. Multiferroics beyond electric-field control of magnetism. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2020; 476:20190542. [PMID: 32082059 PMCID: PMC7016559 DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2019.0542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiferroic materials, with their combined and coupled magnetism and ferroelectricity, provide a playground for studying new physics and chemistry as well as a platform for the development of novel devices and technologies. Based on my July 2017 Royal Society Inaugural Lecture, I review recent progress and propose future directions in the fundamentals and applications of multiferroics, with a focus on initially unanticipated developments outside of the core activity of electric-field control of magnetism.
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Chandra P. Multifunctionality goes quantum critical. NATURE MATERIALS 2019; 18:197-198. [PMID: 30783229 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-019-0302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Premala Chandra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
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