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Song H, Chen S, Sun X, Cui Y, Yildirim T, Kang J, Yang S, Yang F, Lu Y, Zhang L. Enhancing 2D Photonics and Optoelectronics with Artificial Microstructures. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403176. [PMID: 39031754 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
By modulating subwavelength structures and integrating functional materials, 2D artificial microstructures (2D AMs), including heterostructures, superlattices, metasurfaces and microcavities, offer a powerful platform for significant manipulation of light fields and functions. These structures hold great promise in high-performance and highly integrated optoelectronic devices. However, a comprehensive summary of 2D AMs remains elusive for photonics and optoelectronics. This review focuses on the latest breakthroughs in 2D AM devices, categorized into electronic devices, photonic devices, and optoelectronic devices. The control of electronic and optical properties through tuning twisted angles is discussed. Some typical strategies that enhance light-matter interactions are introduced, covering the integration of 2D materials with external photonic structures and intrinsic polaritonic resonances. Additionally, the influences of external stimuli, such as vertical electric fields, enhanced optical fields and plasmonic confinements, on optoelectronic properties is analysed. The integrations of these devices are also thoroughly addressed. Challenges and future perspectives are summarized to stimulate research and development of 2D AMs for future photonics and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizeng Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
- College of Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics (NUAA), MIIT, Nanjing, 211106, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- College of Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics (NUAA), MIIT, Nanjing, 211106, China
| | - Xueqian Sun
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, the Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Yichun Cui
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Test Physics and Numerical Mathematics, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Tanju Yildirim
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, East Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Jian Kang
- College of Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics (NUAA), MIIT, Nanjing, 211106, China
| | - Shunshun Yang
- College of Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics (NUAA), MIIT, Nanjing, 211106, China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics (NUAA), MIIT, Nanjing, 211106, China
| | - Yuerui Lu
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, the Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Linglong Zhang
- College of Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics (NUAA), MIIT, Nanjing, 211106, China
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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Yan Q, Weng Y, Wang S, Zhou Z, Hu Y, Li Q, Xue J, Feng Z, Luo Z, Feng R, You L, Fang L. Ambient Degradation Anisotropy and Mechanism of van der Waals Ferroelectric NbOI 2. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:9051-9059. [PMID: 38348475 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The spontaneous centrosymmetry-breaking and robust room-temperature ferroelectricity in niobium oxide dihalides spurs a flurry of explorations into its promising second-order nonlinear optical properties, and promises potential applications in nonvolatile electro-optical and optoelectronic devices. However, the ambient stability of the niobium oxide dihalides remains questionable, which overshadows their future development. In this work, the chemical degradation of NbOI2 is comprehensively investigated using combined chemical and optical microscopies in conjunction with spectroscopies. We unveil the highly anisotropic degradation kinetics of NbOI2 driven by the hydrolysis process of the unstable dangling iodine bonds dominantly on the (010) facet and progressing along the c axis. Knowing its degradation mechanism, the NbOI2 flake can then be stabilized by the hexagonal boron nitride encapsulation, which isolates the air moisture. These findings provide direct insights into the ambient instability of NbOI2, and they deliver possible solutions to circumvent this issue, which are essential for its practical integration in photonic and electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Yan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yuyan Weng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Shun Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yiqi Hu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Qiankun Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jinshuo Xue
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zhijian Feng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zhongshen Luo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Runcang Feng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Lu You
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Liang Fang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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Bai Y, Li Y, Liu S, Guo Y, Pack J, Wang J, Dean CR, Hone J, Zhu X. Evidence for Exciton Crystals in a 2D Semiconductor Heterotrilayer. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11621-11629. [PMID: 38071655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) and their moiré interfaces have been demonstrated for correlated electron states, including Mott insulators and electron/hole crystals commensurate with moiré superlattices. Here we present spectroscopic evidence for ordered bosons─interlayer exciton crystals in a WSe2/MoSe2/WSe2 trilayer, where the enhanced Coulomb interactions over those in heterobilayers have been predicted to result in exciton ordering. Ordered interlayer excitons in the trilayer are characterized by negligible mobility and by sharper PL peaks persisting to an exciton density of nex ∼ 1012 cm-2, which is an order of magnitude higher than the corresponding limit in the heterobilayer. We present evidence for the predicted quadrupolar exciton crystal and its transitions to dipolar excitons either with increasing nex or by an applied electric field. These ordered interlayer excitons may serve as models for the exploration of quantum phase transitions and quantum coherent phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusong Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Yiliu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Yinjie Guo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jordan Pack
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Cory R Dean
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - James Hone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Xiaoyang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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Chen Y, Filip MR. Tunable Interlayer Delocalization of Excitons in Layered Organic-Inorganic Halide Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10634-10641. [PMID: 37983171 PMCID: PMC10694835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Layered organic-inorganic halide perovskites exhibit remarkable structural and chemical diversity and hold great promise for optoelectronic devices. In these materials, excitons are thought to be strongly confined within the inorganic metal halide layers with interlayer coupling generally suppressed by the organic cations. Here, we present an in-depth study of the energy and spatial distribution of the lowest-energy excitons in layered organic-inorganic halide perovskites from first-principles many-body perturbation theory, within the GW approximation and the Bethe-Salpeter equation. We find that the quasiparticle band structures, linear absorption spectra, and exciton binding energies depend strongly on the distance and the alignment of adjacent metal halide perovskite layers. Furthermore, we show that exciton delocalization can be modulated by tuning the interlayer distance and alignment, both parameters determined by the chemical composition and size of the organic cations. Our calculations establish the general intuition needed to engineer excitonic properties in novel halide perovskite nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Chen
- Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3PU, U.K.
| | - Marina R. Filip
- Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3PU, U.K.
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Barré E, Dandu M, Raja A. Quadrupolar excitons take the stage. NATURE MATERIALS 2023:10.1038/s41563-023-01741-8. [PMID: 38017044 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elyse Barré
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Medha Dandu
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Archana Raja
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Yu L, Pistunova K, Hu J, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Heinz TF. Observation of quadrupolar and dipolar excitons in a semiconductor heterotrilayer. NATURE MATERIALS 2023:10.1038/s41563-023-01678-y. [PMID: 37857888 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01678-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Van der Waals (vdW) materials have opened up many avenues for discovery through layer assembly, as epitomized by interlayer dipolar excitons that exhibit electrically tunable luminescence, lasing and exciton condensation. Extending interlayer excitons to more vdW layers, however, raises fundamental questions concerning coherence within excitons and coupling between moiré superlattices at multiple interfaces. Here, by assembling angle-aligned WSe2/WS2/WSe2 heterotrilayers, we demonstrate the emergence of quadrupolar excitons. We confirm the exciton's quadrupolar nature by the decrease in its energy of 12 meV from coherent hole tunnelling between the two outer layers, its tunable static dipole moment under an external electric field and the reduced exciton-exciton interactions. At high exciton density, we also see signatures of a phase of oppositely aligned dipolar excitons, consistent with a staggered dipolar phase predicted to be driven by attractive dipolar interactions. Our demonstration paves the way for discovering emergent exciton orderings for three vdW layers and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Yu
- E. L. Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
| | - Kateryna Pistunova
- E. L. Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Jenny Hu
- E. L. Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tony F Heinz
- E. L. Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
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