1
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Lim JW, Majumder A, Mittapally R, Gutierrez AR, Luan Y, Meyhofer E, Reddy P. A nanoscale photonic thermal transistor for sub-second heat flow switching. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5584. [PMID: 38961112 PMCID: PMC11222488 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Control of heat flow is critical for thermal logic devices and thermal management and has been explored theoretically. However, experimental progress on active control of heat flow has been limited. Here, we describe a nanoscale radiative thermal transistor that comprises of a hot source and a cold drain (both are ~250 nm-thick silicon nitride membranes), which are analogous to the source and drain electrodes of a transistor. The source and drain are in close proximity to a vanadium oxide (VOx)-based planar gate electrode, whose dielectric properties can be adjusted by changing its temperature. We demonstrate that when the gate is located close ( < ~1 µm) to the source-drain device and undergoes a metal-insulator transition, the radiative heat transfer between the source and drain can be changed by a factor of three. More importantly, our nanomembrane-based thermal transistor features fast switching times ( ~ 500 ms as opposed to minutes for past three-terminal thermal transistors) due to its small thermal mass. Our experiments are supported by detailed calculations that highlight the mechanism of thermal modulation. We anticipate that the advances reported here will open new opportunities for designing thermal circuits or thermal logic devices for advanced thermal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Won Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ayan Majumder
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rohith Mittapally
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Audrey-Rose Gutierrez
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yuxuan Luan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Edgar Meyhofer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Pramod Reddy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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2
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Li S, Wang J, Wen Y, Shin S. Long Propagating Polaritonic Heat Transfer: Shaping Radiation to Conduction. ACS NANO 2024; 18:14779-14789. [PMID: 38783699 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs) originate from the coupling of mid-IR photons and optical phonons, generating evanescent waves along the polar dielectric surface. The emergence of SPhPs gives rise to a phase of quantum matter that facilitates long-range energy transfer (100s μm-scale). Albeit of the recent experimental progress to observe the enhanced thermal conductivity of polar dielectric nanostructures mediated by SPhPs, the potential mechanism to present the high thermal conductivity beyond the Landauer limit has not been addressed. Here, we revisit the comprehensive theoretical framework to unify the distinct pictures of two heat transfer mechanisms by conduction and radiation. We first designed our experimental platform to distinguish contributions of two distinct fundamental modes of SPhPs, resulting in far-field radiation and long propagating conduction, respectively, by tuning the configuration of a nanostructured heat channel integrated into the thermometer. We could effectively control the transmission of long-propagating SPhPs to influence the apparent thermal conductivity of the nanostructure. This study reveals the high thermal conductance of 1.63 nW/K by a fast SPhP mode comparable to that by classical phonons, with measurements showing apparent conductivity values of up to 2 W/m·K at 515 K. The origin of the enhanced thermal conductivity was exploited by observing the interference of dispersive evanescent waves by double heat channels. Furthermore, our experimental observations of length-dependent thermal conductance by SPhPs are in good agreement with the revisited Landauer formula to illustrate a polaritonic mode of heat conduction, considering the dispersive nature of radiation not limited to the physical boundaries of a solid object yet directionally guided along the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sichao Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Jingxuan Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Yue Wen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Sunmi Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore
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3
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Tachikawa S, Ordonez-Miranda J, Jalabert L, Wu Y, Anufriev R, Guo Y, Kim B, Fujita H, Volz S, Nomura M. Enhanced Far-Field Thermal Radiation through a Polaritonic Waveguide. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:186904. [PMID: 38759170 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.186904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate the enhancement of the far-field thermal radiation between two nonabsorbent Si microplates coated with energy-absorbent silicon dioxide (SiO_{2}) nanolayers supporting the propagation of surface phonon polaritons. By measuring the radiative thermal conductance between two coated Si plates, we find that its values are twice those obtained without the SiO_{2} coating. This twofold increase results from the hybridization of polaritons with guided modes inside Si and is well predicted by fluctuational electrodynamics and an analytical model based on a two-dimensional density of polariton states. These findings could be applied to thermal management in microelectronics, silicon photonics, energy conversion, atmospheric sciences, and astrophysics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeko Tachikawa
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Jose Ordonez-Miranda
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- LIMMS, CNRS-IIS IRL 2820, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Laurent Jalabert
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- LIMMS, CNRS-IIS IRL 2820, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Yunhui Wu
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Roman Anufriev
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Univ. Lyon, INSA Lyon, CNRS, CETHIL, UMR5008, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yangyu Guo
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Byunggi Kim
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujita
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- LIMMS, CNRS-IIS IRL 2820, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Sebastian Volz
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- LIMMS, CNRS-IIS IRL 2820, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nomura
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- LIMMS, CNRS-IIS IRL 2820, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
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4
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Bahmani F, Nikbakht M. Topological phase-dependent thermalization dynamics in radiative heat transfer: insights from a one-dimensional Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:1257-1274. [PMID: 38297681 DOI: 10.1364/oe.507241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Various unusual behavior of artificial materials is governed by their topological properties, among these, the edge state in classical and quantum wave systems has captured significant attention due to its widespread relevance and applications across various fields of study. Observation of such topological features has led researchers to extend the idea of band theory to diffusive systems. Inspired by the well-known Su-Schriefer-Heegar (SSH) model we employed the concept of band topology to explore the topological characteristics of radiative heat transfer in a one-dimensional chain consisting of an odd number of nanoparticles. We demonstrate the topological phase transition, and topological modes with edge as well as bulk states in an array of nanoparticles exchanging heat via radiation. The demonstrated topological features of radiative systems can find important applications in the future studies of heat transfer at the nanoscale.
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5
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He M, Guo X, Qi H, Lu L, Tan H. Photonic thermal switch via metamaterials made of vanadium dioxide-coated nanoparticles. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:5731-5734. [PMID: 37910745 DOI: 10.1364/ol.502694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a photonic thermal switch is proposed based on the phase-change material vanadium dioxide (VO2) within the framework of near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT). The switch consists of two metamaterials filled with core-shell nanoparticles, with the shell made of VO2. Compared to traditional VO2 slabs, the proposed switch exhibits a more than two times increase in the switching ratio, reaching as high as 90.29% with a 100 nm vacuum gap. The improved switching effect is attributed to the capability of the VO2 shell to couple with the core, greatly enhancing heat transfer with the insulating VO2, while blocking the motivation of the core in the metallic state of VO2. The proposed switch opens pathways for active control of NFRHT and holds practical significance for developing thermal photon-based logic circuits.
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6
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Salihoglu H, Shi J, Li Z, Wang Z, Luo X, Bondarev IV, Biehs SA, Shen S. Nonlocal Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer by Transdimensional Plasmonics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:086901. [PMID: 37683160 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.086901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Using transdimensional plasmonic materials (TDPM) within the framework of fluctuational electrodynamics, we demonstrate nonlocality in dielectric response alters near-field heat transfer at gap sizes on the order of hundreds of nanometers. Our theoretical study reveals that, opposite to the local model prediction, propagating waves can transport energy through the TDPM. However, energy transport by polaritons at shorter separations is reduced due to the metallic response of TDPM stronger than that predicted by the local model. Our experiments conducted for a configuration with a silica sphere and a doped silicon plate coated with an ultrathin layer of platinum as the TDPM show good agreement with the nonlocal near-field radiation theory. Our experimental work in conjunction with the nonlocal theory has important implications in thermophotovoltaic energy conversion, thermal management applications with metal coatings, and quantum-optical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Salihoglu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - J Shi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Z Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - X Luo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - I V Bondarev
- Mathematics & Physics Department, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA
| | - S-A Biehs
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - S Shen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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7
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Babaei H, Meihaus KR, Long JR. Reversible Thermal Conductivity Switching Using Flexible Metal-Organic Frameworks. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:6220-6226. [PMID: 37637009 PMCID: PMC10449012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The ability to control thermal transport is critical for the design of thermal rectifiers, logic gates, and transistors, although it remains a challenge to design materials that exhibit large changes in thermal conductivity with switching ratios suitable for practical applications. Here, we propose the use of flexible metal-organic frameworks, which can undergo significant structural changes in response to various stimuli, to achieve tunable switchable thermal conductivity. In particular, we use molecular dynamics simulations to show that the thermal conductivity of the flexible framework Fe(bdp) (bdp2- = 1,4-benzenedipyrazolate) becomes highly anisotropic upon transitioning from the expanded to the collapsed phase, with the conductivity decreasing by nearly an order of magnitude along the direction of compression. Our results add to a small but growing number of studies investigating metal-organic frameworks for thermal transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Babaei
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Katie R. Meihaus
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Long
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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8
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Shi K, Chen Z, Xing Y, Yang J, Xu X, Evans JS, He S. Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer Modulation with an Ultrahigh Dynamic Range through Mode Mismatching. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7753-7760. [PMID: 36162118 PMCID: PMC9562469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Modulating near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) with a high dynamic range is challenging in nanoscale thermal science and engineering. Modulation depths [(maximum value - minimum value)/(maximum value + minimum value) × 100%] of ≈2% to ≈15.7% have been reported with matched modes, but breaking the constraint of mode matching theoretically allows for higher modulation depth. We demonstrate a modulation depth of ≈32.2% by a pair of graphene-covered SU8 heterostructures at a gap distance of ≈80 nm. Dissimilar Fermi levels tuned by bias voltages enable mismatched surface plasmon polaritons which improves the modulation. The modulation depth when switching from a matched mode to a mismatched mode is ≈4.4-fold compared to that when switching between matched modes. This work shows the importance of symmetry in polariton-mediated NFRHT and represents the largest modulation depth to date in a two-body system with fixed gap distance and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezhang Shi
- Centre
for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, National Engineering Research
Center for Optical Instruments, Zhejiang
University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhaoyang Chen
- Centre
for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, ZJU-SCNU Joint Center of
Photonics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuxin Xing
- Centre
for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, National Engineering Research
Center for Optical Instruments, Zhejiang
University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Shanghai
Institute for Advanced Study, Zhejiang University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianxin Yang
- Centre
for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, ZJU-SCNU Joint Center of
Photonics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinan Xu
- Centre
for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, National Engineering Research
Center for Optical Instruments, Zhejiang
University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Julian S. Evans
- Centre
for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, National Engineering Research
Center for Optical Instruments, Zhejiang
University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sailing He
- Centre
for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, National Engineering Research
Center for Optical Instruments, Zhejiang
University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Shanghai
Institute for Advanced Study, Zhejiang University, Shanghai 201203, China
- Department
of Electromagnetic Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm S-100 44, Sweden
- Email.
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9
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Wei L, Wei J, Kuai X, You Z, Zhang M, Liu W, Yang F, Wang X. Optimization and Fabrication of MEMS suspended structures for nanoscale thermoelectric devices. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:325301. [PMID: 35413705 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac667a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
By eliminating the influence of the substrate on parasitic thermal resistance, MEMS suspended structures become one of the accurate nanoscale thermoelectric performance evaluation devices. However, the process of MEMS suspended thermoelectric devices is complex, and its multilayer suspended structure is easy to fracture due to large stress. As a result, optimizing the design of suspended structures is critical in order to reduce manufacturing complexity and increase yield. In this study, finite element simulation is used to investigate the impacts of varying structures and sizes on the stress of MEMS suspended devices. The maximum stress and average stress of silicon nanomaterials are lowered by 90.89% and 92.35%, respectively, by optimizing the structure and size of the beams and nanobelt. Moreover, MEMS suspended devices of various structures are successfully manufactured. It not only increases the yield to more than 70% but also decreases the impact of strain on thermoelectric performance and can be used to create suspended devices with integrated silicon microstrips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wei
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangtao Wei
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuebao Kuai
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei You
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- The School of Microelectronics & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Liu
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuhua Yang
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Science, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- The School of Microelectronics & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Science, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Semiconductor Micro-Nano Integrated Technology, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
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10
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Effective Approximation Method for Nanogratings-induced Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15030998. [PMID: 35160941 PMCID: PMC8839547 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscale radiative thermal transport between a pair of metamaterial gratings is studied within this work. The effective medium theory (EMT), a traditional method to calculate the near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) between nanograting structures, does not account for the surface pattern effects of nanostructures. Here, we introduce the effective approximation NFRHT method that considers the effects of surface patterns on the NFRHT. Meanwhile, we calculate the heat flux between a pair of silica (SiO2) nanogratings with various separation distances, lateral displacements, and grating heights with respect to one another. Numerical calculations show that when compared with the EMT method, here the effective approximation method is more suitable for analyzing the NFRHT between a pair of relatively displaced nanogratings. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that compared with the result based on the EMT method, it is possible to realize an inverse heat flux trend with respect to the nanograting height between nanogratings without modifying the vacuum gap calculated by this effective approximation NFRHT method, which verifies that the NFRHT between the side faces of gratings greatly affects the NFRHT between a pair of nanogratings. By taking advantage of this effective approximation NFRHT method, the NFRHT in complex micro/nano-electromechanical devices can be accurately predicted and analyzed.
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11
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Shi K, Chen Z, Xu X, Evans J, He S. Optimized Colossal Near-Field Thermal Radiation Enabled by Manipulating Coupled Plasmon Polariton Geometry. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2106097. [PMID: 34632648 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Collective optoelectronic phenomena such as plasmons and phonon polaritons can drive processes in many branches of nanoscale science. Classical physics predicts that a perfect thermal emitter operates at the black body limit. Numerous experiments have shown that surface phonon polaritons allow emission two orders of magnitude above the limit at a gap distance of ≈50 nm. This work shows that a supported multilayer graphene structure improves the state of the art by around one order of magnitude with a ≈1129-fold-enhancement at a gap distance of ≈55 nm. Coupled surface plasmon polaritons at mid- and far-infrared frequencies allow for near-unity photon tunneling across a broad swath of k-space enabling the improved result. Electric tuning of the Fermi-level allows for the detailed characterization and optimization of the colossal nanoscale heat transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezhang Shi
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhaoyang Chen
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, ZJU-SCNU Joint Center of Photonics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xinan Xu
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Julian Evans
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sailing He
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315100, China
- Department of Electromagnetic Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, S-100 44, Sweden
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12
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Qin Z, Li M, Flohn J, Hu Y. Thermal management materials for energy-efficient and sustainable future buildings. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12236-12253. [PMID: 34723305 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05486d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thermal management plays a key role in improving the energy efficiency and sustainability of future building envelopes. Here, we focus on the materials perspective and discuss the fundamental needs, current status, and future opportunities for thermal management of buildings. First, we identify the primary considerations and evaluation criteria for high-performance thermal materials. Second, state-of-the-art thermal materials are reviewed, ranging from conventional thermal insulating fiberglass, mineral wool, cellulose, and foams, to aerogels and mesoporous structures, as well as multifunctional thermal management materials. Further, recent progress on passive regulation and thermal energy storage systems are discussed, including sensible heat storage, phase change materials, and radiative cooling. Moreover, we discuss the emerging materials systems with tunable thermal and other physical properties that could potentially enable dynamic and interactive thermal management solutions for future buildings. Finally, we discuss the recent progress in theory and computational design from first-principles atomistic theory, molecular dynamics, to multiscale simulations and machine learning. We expect the rational design that combines data-driven computation and multiscale experiments could bridge the materials properties from microscopic to macroscopic scales and provide new opportunities in improving energy efficiency and enabling adaptive implementation per customized demand for future buildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Qin
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Man Li
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Jessica Flohn
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Yongjie Hu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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13
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Latella I, Biehs SA, Ben-Abdallah P. Smart thermal management with near-field thermal radiation [invited]. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:24816-24833. [PMID: 34614829 DOI: 10.1364/oe.433539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
When two objects at different temperatures are separated by a vacuum gap they can exchange heat by radiation only. At large separation distances (far-field regime), the amount of transferred heat flux is limited by Stefan-Boltzmann's law (blackbody limit). In contrast, at subwavelength distances (near-field regime), this limit can be exceeded by orders of magnitude thanks to the contributions of evanescent waves. This article reviews the recent progress on the passive and active control of near-field radiative heat exchange in two- and many-body systems.
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14
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Behera J, Bandyopadhyay M. Environment-dependent vibrational heat transport in molecular junctions: Rectification, quantum effects, vibrational mismatch. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:014148. [PMID: 34412343 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.014148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vibrational heat transport in molecular junctions is a central issue in different contemporary research areas such as chemistry, materials science, mechanical engineering, thermoelectrics, and power generation. Our model system consists of a chain of molecules which are sandwiched between two solids that are maintained at different temperatures. We employ a quantum self-consistent reservoir model, which is built on a generalized quantum Langevin equation, to investigate quantum effects and far from equilibrium conditions on thermal conduction at nanoscale. The present self-consistent reservoir model can easily mimic the phonon-phonon scattering mechanisms. Different thermal environments are modeled as (i) Ohmic, (ii) sub-Ohmic, and (iii) super-Ohmic environments, and their effects are demonstrated for the thermal rectification properties of the system with spring graded or mass graded features. The behavior of heat current across molecular junctions as a function of chain length, temperature gradient, and phonon scattering rates are studied. Further, our analysis reveals the effects of vibrational mismatch between the solids phonon spectra on heat transfer characteristics in molecular junctions for different thermal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayasmita Behera
- SBS, I.I.T. Bhubaneswar, Argul, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha 752050, India
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15
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Song J, Cheng Q, Zhang B, Lu L, Zhou X, Luo Z, Hu R. Many-body near-field radiative heat transfer: methods, functionalities and applications. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2021; 84:036501. [PMID: 33567420 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/abe52b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) governed by evanescent waves, provides a platform to thoroughly understand the transport behavior of nonradiative photons, and also has great potential in high-efficiency energy harvesting and thermal management at the nanoscale. It is more usual in nature that objects participate in heat transfer process in many-body form rather than the frequently-considered two-body scenarios, and the inborn mutual interactions among objects are important to be understood and utilized for practical applications. The last decade has witnessed considerable achievements on many-body NFRHT, ranging from the establishment of different calculation methods to various unprecedented heat transport phenomena that are distinct from two-body systems. In this invited review, we introduce concisely the basic physics of NFRHT, lay out various theoretical methods to deal with many-body NFRHT, and highlight unique functionalities realized in many-body systems and the resulting applications. At last, the key challenges and opportunities of many-body NFRHT in terms of fundamental physics, experimental validations, and potential applications are outlined and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlin Song
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430025, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinping Zhou
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixue Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Run Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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16
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Lucchesi C, Vaillon R, Chapuis PO. Radiative heat transfer at the nanoscale: experimental trends and challenges. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:201-208. [PMID: 33533775 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00609b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Energy transport theories are being revisited at the nanoscale, as macroscopic laws known for a century are broken at dimensions smaller than those associated with energy carriers. For thermal radiation, where the typical dimension is provided by Wien's wavelength, Planck's law and associated concepts describing surface-to-surface radiative transfer have to be replaced by a full electromagnetic framework capturing near-field radiative heat transfer (photon tunnelling between close bodies), interference effects and sub-wavelength thermal emission (emitting body of small size). It is only during the last decade that nanotechnology has allowed for many experimental verifications - with a recent boom - of the large increase of radiative heat transfer at the nanoscale. In this minireview, we highlight the parameter space that has been investigated until now, showing that it is limited in terms of inter-body distance, temperature and object size, and provide clues about possible thermal-energy harvesting, sensing and management applications. We also provide an outlook on open topics, underlining some difficulties in applying single-wavelength approaches to broadband thermal emitters while acknowledging the promise of thermal nanophotonics and observing that molecular/chemical viewpoints have been hardly addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Lucchesi
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CETHIL UMR5008, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France.
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17
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Edalatpour S. A three-body affair. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 15:85-86. [PMID: 31873290 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-019-0608-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Edalatpour
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA.
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